Libelium Meshlium Xtreme Quick start guide

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v4.1
Meshlium X
treme
Index
Document version: v4.1 - 04/2013
© Libelium Comunicaciones Distribuidas S.L.
INDEX
1. General and safety information ......................................................................................................... 6
2. Important: read me before using ....................................................................................................... 7
3. Contents of the box ............................................................................................................................. 8
4. Specications..................................................................................................................................... 10
5. Accessories ........................................................................................................................................ 15
6. How to use Meshlium ........................................................................................................................ 17
6.1. Power supply ..............................................................................................................................................................................17
6.2. How to install the antennas ..................................................................................................................................................22
6.3. Installation of the IP65 Ethernet cable ..............................................................................................................................23
6.4. Installing Meshlium..................................................................................................................................................................26
6.5. Initialization, Restart and Shutdown..................................................................................................................................26
6.6. Setting the time.........................................................................................................................................................................27
7. Understanding Meshlium ................................................................................................................. 28
7.1. Concepts ......................................................................................................................................................................................28
7.2. Meshlium Models...................................................................................................................................................................... 29
7.3. Storage Options.........................................................................................................................................................................31
7.4. Applications model by model..............................................................................................................................................32
8. Meshlium Presets............................................................................................................................... 43
8.1. Presets........................................................................................................................................................................................... 43
8.2. Validation of Changes in Interfaces....................................................................................................................................45
9. Accessing Meshlium - Make it Easy! ................................................................................................. 46
10. Ethernet............................................................................................................................................ 48
10.1. Conguration........................................................................................................................................................................... 48
11. Wi AP .............................................................................................................................................. 51
11.1. Conguration........................................................................................................................................................................... 51
11.2. Clients connected...................................................................................................................................................................53

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Meshlium X
treme
Index
12. Wi Mesh .......................................................................................................................................... 54
12.1. Conguration........................................................................................................................................................................... 54
12.2. OLSR Options...........................................................................................................................................................................55
12.3. The Gateway Node.................................................................................................................................................................57
13. 3G/GPRS ........................................................................................................................................... 58
13.1. Conguration........................................................................................................................................................................... 58
14. Joined Networks.............................................................................................................................. 60
15. Wireless Sensor Networks............................................................................................................... 62
15.1. Conguration........................................................................................................................................................................... 62
15.2. Conguration of the ZigBee interface ............................................................................................................................ 63
15.3. Capturing and storing sensor data ..................................................................................................................................65
15.3.1. Local Data Base.........................................................................................................................................................67
15.3.2. External Data Base...................................................................................................................................................68
15.3.3. Show me now! .........................................................................................................................................................72
15.3.4. Advanced Database................................................................................................................................................73
15.4. Capturer logs............................................................................................................................................................................ 75
15.5. Sensors .......................................................................................................................................................................................76
15.6. Capturing and Storing photos and videos....................................................................................................................77
15.7. Sending ZigBee frames from Meshlium to Waspmote .............................................................................................78
15.8. Key Management on Meshlium ........................................................................................................................................79
15.8.1. Link layer key Management (AES-128).............................................................................................................79
15.8.2. Application Layer Key Management (AES-256 / RSA).................................................................................80
15.9. Encryption on Meshlium......................................................................................................................................................84
15.9.1. Message digest.........................................................................................................................................................84
15.10. RSA on Meshlium .................................................................................................................................................................85
15.11. AES on Meshlium ................................................................................................................................................................. 85
15.12. Sending messages...............................................................................................................................................................85
15.13. Decrypting messages......................................................................................................................................................... 86
15.14. Encryption on Meshlium.................................................................................................................................................. 86
15.14.1. Message digest ......................................................................................................................................................86
15.14.2. RSA on Meshlium ..................................................................................................................................................86
15.14.3. AES on Meshlium...................................................................................................................................................87
15.14.4. Sending messages ................................................................................................................................................87
15.14.5. Decrypting messages ..........................................................................................................................................87
16. Smartphone Detection ................................................................................................................... 88
16.1. Wi Scan.....................................................................................................................................................................................92
16.1.1. Concepts.....................................................................................................................................................................92
16.1.2. Capturing and Storing Wi Scans ......................................................................................................................93
16.1.3. Local File System .....................................................................................................................................................94
16.1.4. Local Data Base ........................................................................................................................................................95
16.1.5. External Data Base...................................................................................................................................................96

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16.1.6. Show me now! ..........................................................................................................................................................99
16.2. Bluetooth Scans ....................................................................................................................................................................100
16.2.1. Concepts..................................................................................................................................................................100
16.2.2. Capturing and Storing Bluetooth Scans.......................................................................................................101
16.2.3. Local File System...................................................................................................................................................102
16.2.4. Local Data Base...................................................................................................................................................... 103
16.2.5. External Data Base................................................................................................................................................104
16.2.6. Show me now! .......................................................................................................................................................108
17. GPS.................................................................................................................................................. 109
17.1. Concepts..................................................................................................................................................................................109
17.2. Capturing and Storing GPS Data.....................................................................................................................................111
17.2.1. Local File System...................................................................................................................................................111
17.2.2. Local Data Base...................................................................................................................................................... 112
17.2.3. External Data Base................................................................................................................................................114
17.2.4. Show me now! .......................................................................................................................................................117
18. Networking tools........................................................................................................................... 118
18.1. Ping............................................................................................................................................................................................118
18.2. Iperf ...........................................................................................................................................................................................120
18.3. Traceroute................................................................................................................................................................................121
18.4. Netstat ......................................................................................................................................................................................122
18.5. Beep...........................................................................................................................................................................................122
19. Special options for Wi networks................................................................................................. 123
19.1. Long range links....................................................................................................................................................................123
19.2. Fresnel calculator..................................................................................................................................................................123
20. System ............................................................................................................................................ 124
20.1. Hostname................................................................................................................................................................................124
20.2. Users Manager.......................................................................................................................................................................124
20.3. Setting the time ....................................................................................................................................................................125
20.4. Disk Usage...............................................................................................................................................................................125
20.5. Internal temperature sensors...........................................................................................................................................126
21. Data Base Management................................................................................................................ 127
21.1. MySQL Direct Access...........................................................................................................................................................127
21.2. PHPMyAdmin.........................................................................................................................................................................128
22. FTP Management .......................................................................................................................... 129
22.1. Creating user..........................................................................................................................................................................129
22.2. Setting permission...............................................................................................................................................................129
22.3. Accessing FTP server ...........................................................................................................................................................130
23. Uploading my own applications to Meshlium ............................................................................ 131
Index

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24. Installing new packages and libraries ......................................................................................... 133
25. Upgrading old versions of Meshlium........................................................................................... 134
25.1. Checking the Libelium Repository.................................................................................................................................135
25.2. Local File ..................................................................................................................................................................................136
25.3. URL.............................................................................................................................................................................................137
26. Rescue System ............................................................................................................................... 138
26.1. Steps..........................................................................................................................................................................................138
26.2. How to Recover the le system.......................................................................................................................................140
27. USB Device Connectivity............................................................................................................... 141
28. Documentation Changelog .......................................................................................................... 143
29. Certications.................................................................................................................................. 144
29.1. CE................................................................................................................................................................................................144
29.2. FCC.............................................................................................................................................................................................146
30. Maintenance .................................................................................................................................. 149
31. Disposal and Recycling ................................................................................................................. 150
Index

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v4.1
General and safety information
Meshlium X
treme
1. General and safety information
•Read carefully the Limited Warranty and Terms and Conditions of Use before using“Meshlium”.
•Read carefully the “General Conditions of Sale and Use of Libelium”. This document can be found at:
http://www.libelium.com/development/meshlium/technical_service
As specied in the Warranty document which you can nd at:
http://www.libelium.com/development/meshlium/documentation, the client has 7 days from the day the order
is received to detect any failure and report that to Libelium. Any other failure reported after these 7 days may not be
considered under warranty.
•Do NOT open the casing. If you do so, you will lose the guarantee.
•Do not remove any of the components.
•Do not allow contact between metallic objects and the electronic part to avoid injury and burns.
•NEVER immerse the equipment in any liquid.
•Keep the equipment in a dry place away from any liquids that could spill.
•Check from the label that comes with the equipment the maximum permitted voltage and amperage range for powering
it and use a power transformer within that range.
•Keep the equipment within the temperature range indicated in the specications section.
•Do not connect or power the equipment using cables that have been damaged.
•Place the equipment in an area to which only maintenance personnel can have access (in a restricted access zone)
•In any case keep children away from the machine.
•If there is a power failure, immediately disconnect from the mains.
•If using the car lighter as a power source, make sure that you follow the voltage and current specications indicated in the
section “How to use Meshlium”.
•If using a battery whether or not in combination with a solar panel as a power source follow the voltage and current
specications indicated in the section “How to use Meshlium”.
•If a software failure occurs, consult the section Libelium web support.
•Do not place the equipment on trees or plants as they could be damaged by its weight.
•Be particularly careful if you are connected through an interface to the software for handling the machine; if the settings of
that interface are incorrectly altered, it could become inaccessible.

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v4.1
Important: read me before using
Meshlium X
treme
2. Important: read me before using
The following list shows just some of the actions that produce the most common failures and warranty-voiding. Complete
documentation about usage can be found at:
http://www.libelium.com/development/meshlium/technical_service
Failure to comply with the recommendations of use will entail the guarantee cancellation.
Software:
•Do not access Meshlium with the shell terminal unless you have advanced Linux skills. Use the Meshlium Manager web
application in order to congure and setup Meshlium. A bad usage of the shell terminal commands may leave Meshlium
without connection or within a unstable mode. All the failures derived from a wrong usage of the shell terminal are not
covered under the warranty.
•In the case you congured Meshlium through the terminal, there is not a method to take Meshlium to the conguration by
default: the only way to get connection again is sending Meshlium back to Libelium and hiring this service. However, if you
only use the Manager System, you can always go to the default conguration by clicking the “Presets” button.
•Do not interrupt the power supply before shutting down Meshlium properly through the “Shutdown” or “Restart” buttons
in the Manager System or through the ’restart-secure’and ’shutdown-secure’commands from the terminal. If you do
not do so you may take the system corrupted.
•If you need to modify a le or directory, after executing the command ’remountrw’and modifying it, execute immediately
the command ’remountro’.
•In the case of developing an application for Meshlium, store the les in ’/mnt/user’ and not in other directory.
•Regarding packages:
- Do not ever use ’apt-get’; if needed, use ’aptitude’.
- Do not ever make an ’upgrade’ of the entire system (not even using ’aptitude’).
- Before installing new packages with ’aptitude’, execute the ’update’ option.
Hardware:
•Do not open the Meshlium enclosure in any case. This will automatically make the warranty void.
•Do not handle the numbered metallic seals in the screws of Meshlium: their integrity is the proof that the Meshlium
enclosure has not been opened. If they have been handled, opened or broken, the warranty is void.
•Do not submerge Meshlium in liquids.
•Do not place Meshlium on places or equipment where the device could be exposed to shocks and/or vibrations.
•Do not expose Meshlium to temperatures below -20º C or above 50º C.
•Meshlium’s microprocessor must not overpass 70 Celsius degrees. The user must ensure that this temperature never
overpass. Especially when using Wi Scan.
•Do not power Meshlium with other power sources than the original provided by Libelium.
For more information: http://www.libelium.com/meshlium

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Contents of the box
Meshlium X
treme
3. Contents of the box
1. Meshlium
a. IP65 casing
b. Ethernet connectors
c. Antenna connectors
2. Antennas *
a. Dipole 5dBi
(Bluetooth, ZigBee, Wi 2.4GHz low)
b. Dipole 5dBi (868MHz, 900MHz)
c. Omnidirectional 5dBi
Dual (2.4GHz / 5GHz)
d. 3G/GPRS
e. 3G/GPRS
f. GPS
(*) Depends on the conguration you choose when you buy
3. Antennas elbow connectors *
(*) Depends on the conguration chosen
4. Fixing
a. Fixing plate
b. 4 washers
c. 2 U-shaped parts
d. 4 screws
e. 4 nuts

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v4.1
Contents of the box
Meshlium X
treme
5. Ethernet cable
6. IP65 Ethernet cap
7. Crossover cable
8. POE
9. Charger
Note: you may receive an empty foam protector in the packaging, depending on the Meshlium conguration that you have purchased.

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v4.1
Specications
Meshlium X
treme
4. Specications
Processor 500MHz (x86)
RAM memory 256MB (DDR)
Disk memory 8GB / 16GB / 32GB *
Power 5W (18V)
Power Source POE (Power Over Ethernet)
Normal Current Consumption 270mA
High Current Consumption 450mA
Max Supply Current 1’5A
Enclosure
Material Aluminium
Dimensions 210x175x50mm
Weight 1,2Kg
External protection IP65
Temperature Range -20ºC / 50ºC
Response Time to ethernet
ping 60s
Time to have all the services
running 90s
Types of power supply **
for POE
AC-220V
Battery – solar panel (DC-12V)
Car lighter (DC-12V)
System
Linux, Debian. OLSR Mesh communication
protocol.
Madwi Drivers.
Management software
Meshlium Manager System
(open source)
Security Authentication WEP, WPA-PSK, HTTPS and
SSH access.
(*) Depends on the options chosen
(**) Only with the accessories supplied by Libelium

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v4.1
Specications
Meshlium X
treme
Wi AP - 2.4GHz Radio
WIFI RADIO
Chipset Atheros AR5213A - IEEE 802.11b/g
Tx-Power 100mW - 20 dBm
Distance 500m *
(*) Depending on antenna and line of sight
ANTENNA
Type Omnidirectional
Gain 5dBi
Dimensions 224 x 22 mm
Wi Mesh Dual Band 2.4 GHz / 5GHz Radio
WIFI RADIO
Chipset Atheros AR5213A - IEEE 802.11a/b/g
Tx-Power 20dB - 802.11b/g /18dB - 802.11a
Distance 2-50km *
(*) Depending on antenna and line of sight
ANTENNA
Type Omnidirectional
Gain 5dBi - 2.4GHz / 8dBi - 5GHz
Dimensions 224 x 22 mm

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Specications
Meshlium X
treme
Zigbee Radio
Model XBee - PRO - 802.15.4
Frequency 2.4GHz
Tx-Power 100mW
Rx Sensitivity -100dBm
Antenna 5dBi Dipole
Distance 7km *
Model XBee - PRO - ZigBee
Frequency 2,4GHz
Tx-Power 50mW
Rx Sensitivity -102dBm
Antenna 5dBi Dipole
Distance 7km *
Model XBee - PRO - 868
Frequency 868MHz
Tx-Power 315mW
Rx Sensitivity -112dBm
Antenna 5dBi Dipole
Distance 12km *
Model XBee - PRO - 900
Frequency 900MHz
Tx-Power 50mW
Rx Sensitivity -100dBm
Antenna 5dBi Dipole
Distance 10km *
(*) Depending on antenna and line of sight

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v4.1
Specications
Meshlium X
treme
Zigbee Radio (continuation)
Model XBee - PRO - Digimesh
Frequency 2.4GHz
Tx-Power 100mW
Rx Sensitivity -100dBm
Antenna 5dBi Dipole
Distance 7km *
(*) Depending on antenna and line of sight
Wi Scanner
Chipset Atheros AR5213A - IEEE 802.11b/g
Distance 50-200m *
Antenna 5dBi Dipole
(*) Depending on antenna and line of sight
Bluetooth Scanner
Protocol Bluetooth 2.1 + EDR. Class 2
Tx-Power 3dBm
Antenna 5dBi
Power 3dBm
Distance 20-100m *
(*) Depending on antenna and line of sight

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v4.1
Specications
Meshlium X
treme
3G/GPRS Module
Protocols 3G * , WCDMA, HSPA, UMTS, GPRS, GSM
Quad Band 850MHz/900MHz/1900MHz/2100MHz
Output power
UMTS 850/900/1900/2100: 0.25W
GSM850/GSM900: 2W
DCS1800/PCS1900: 1W
Rx Rate 7.2Mb/s
Tx Rate 5.5Mb/s
Antenna 3dBi
(*) Note for US users: We have tested the
new 3G shield with the AT&T network which
supports nativelly the GSM and 3G proto-
colos. With other carriers may also work
although we haven’t tried and thus we can not
ensure it. For this reason we recommend to
use AT&T SIM cards.
GPS Module
Modes Assisted GPS (A-GPS),
Standalone mode (NMEA frames)
Server Server enabled to perform even indoor
location ins A-GPS and S-GPS modes
Antenna 26dBi (+-4.5dBi) - 3m cable. Magnetic

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v4.1
Accessories
Meshlium X
treme
5. Accessories
Meshlium accessories are not included in the box.
1. 220AC Adaptor - car lighter/battery (12V – 300W)
a. Car lighter adaptor (on demand)
b. Battery clamps *
c. 12 VDC - 220 VAC converter
Average power 300 W
Maximum power 600 W
Input voltage 12 VDC
Output voltage 220 VAC
Dimensions 205x165x67 mm
Weight 1 Kg
d. 12 VDC Battery *
(*) Libelium does not supply these components;
you can purchase it from battery sales points

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v4.1
Accessories
Meshlium X
treme
2. Solar connection kit (12V – 20W):
a. Solar panel
Power 20 W
Maximum voltage 17 V
Maximum current 1.15 A
Dimensions 480x430x30 mm
Weight 2.50 Kg
b. 12 VDC - 220 VAC converter
Average power 300 W
Maximum power 600 W
Input voltage 12 VDC
Output voltage 220 VAC
Dimensions 205x165x67 mm
Weight 1 Kg
c. 12 VDC Battery *
d. Charge regulator
Charge voltage range 11.10V - 21.20V
Maximum input current 5A
Dimensions 130x70x25 mm
Weight 200 g
e. Car lighter adaptor (on demand)
f. Battery clamps *
(*) Libelium does not supply these components;
you can purchase it from battery sales points

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v4.1
How to use Meshlium
Meshlium X
treme
6. How to use Meshlium
6.1. Power supply
How to connect Meshlium to 220V:
1. Take the Meshlium casing and unscrew the Ethernet connector cap shown in the drawing.
2. Join the end that has the IP65 protection of the IP65 Ethernet cable to said connector and screw the cap on to x it.
3. Connect the other end of the cable to the POE input marked “POE”. As explained in the section “Before using Meshlium”
make sure that the POE is indoors.
4. Take the supplied POE power adaptor and plug it into the corresponding POE connector.
5. Plug the other end of the adaptor into the 220V socket and your Meshlium is now ready to operate.
In addition to this option, you can power Meshlium through a solar panel and battery or through a car lighter socket. The
accessories for these options are NOT included in the box, and the necessary components must be purchased from Libelium.
Except for the battery it is not recommended to use third party components since they have not been tested by Libelium and
could cause failures in the device.
At Libelium we oer an equipment for operating at 12V. It is very important to bear in mind that not all batteries supply the
same voltage. You must use a 12V battery .
Note: Take special care to ensure that the battery you connect has the same power rating as the kit that you have purchased.

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v4.1
How to use Meshlium
Meshlium X
treme
How to connect Meshlium for powering through the battery:
Additional required components: 12V battery, with exposed terminals for placing the clamps.
1. Connect the end with the IP65 protection of the Ethernet cable to the Meshlium connector that does not have the cap.
2. Connect the end of the Ethernet cable to the POE input marked “POE”. As explained in the section “Before using Meshlium”
make sure that the POE is indoors.
3a. Plug the POE charger into the Inverter output (AC output).
3b. Connect the POE charger cable into the POE.
4. Connect the ends of the cables which come from the Inverter to the battery. To do so, it is advised to use battery clamps.
In this case the cables of the Inverter must be spliced to the cables of the clamps, and they are the clamps the part that is
connected to the terminals of the 12 VDC battery.
Important: Check polarity at all times before making the connections. It is advised to avoid the possibility of contact with the
positive and negative polo at any time. There is lethal shock hazard and the devices can also be damaged.

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v4.1
How to use Meshlium
Meshlium X
treme
How to connect Meshlium for solar panel and battery powering:
Additional required components: solar panel / 12V-220V and 12V battery, with exposed terminals for placing the clamps.
Important: Check polarity to make sure that the positive (+) and negative (-) poles are connected to the right socket.
1. Connect the end with the IP65 protection of the Ethernet cable to the Meshlium connector that does not have the cap.
2. Connect the end of the Ethernet cable to the POE input marked “POE”. As explained in the section “Before using Meshlium”
make sure that the POE is indoors.
3a. Plug the POE charger into the Inverter output (AC output).
3b. Connect the POE charger cable into the POE.
Important: Check polarity at all times before making the connections. It is advised to avoid the possibility of contact with the
positive and negative polo at any time. There is lethal shock hazard and the devices can also be damaged.
4. Connect a cable to each battery terminal and screw the other end into the socket of the Charge Regulator marked as
“battery”. Take polarity (+) / (-) into consideration.
5. Connect the solar panel cables into the socket of the Charge Regulator marked as “solar”. Take polarity (+) / (-) into
consideration.
6. Connect the ends of the cables which come from the Inverter to the battery. To do so, it is advised to use battery clamps.
In this case the cables of the Inverter must be spliced to the cables of the clamps, and they are the clamps the part that is
connected to the terminals of the 12 VDC battery.

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v4.1
How to use Meshlium
Meshlium X
treme
How to connect Meshlium for powering through a car lighter:
In this case, you must purchase the required components from Libelium. We do not advise using third party components as they
have not been tested by Libelium and could cause failures in the device or the car.
Important: Bear in mind that not all car lighters supply the same voltage. The Inverter oered by Libelium works at 12 V DC input
voltage. Although it must be checked in each case, cars normally have 12 V as output of the lighter.
1. Connect the end with the IP65 protection of the IP65 Ethernet cable to the Meshlium connector without the cap.
2. Connect the other end of the cable to the POE input marked “POE”. As explained in the section “Before using Meshlium”
make sure that the POE is indoors.
3a. Plug the POE charger into the Inverter output (AC output). You can also connect it to a multi-socket adapter, as the image
shows.
3b. Connect the POE charger cable into the POE.
4. In the case of using a multi-socket adapter, connect the end of its cable to the Inverter.
5. Plug the end of the cable which comes out from the Inverter to the lighter socket of a car.