Lucent Technologies PacketStar PSAX 1000 User manual

Doc. No.: 255-700-251
PacketStar®PSAX
DSP2x Voice Server Modules
User Guide
for the PacketStar®PSAX Multiservice
Media Gateways
Issue 1, July 2002
System Software Release 8.0.0
AQueView®EMS Software Release 6.0

Copyright © 2002 by Lucent Technologies. All rights reserved.
For trademark, regulatory compliance, and related legal information,
see the "Copyright and Legal Notices" section.

255-700-251 iii
PacketStar®DSP2x Voice Server Modules User Guide, Issue 1 Release 8.0.0
Legal Notices, Safety, and Regulatory
Information
Copyright
Copyright © 2002 by Lucent Technologies. All rights reserved.
This material is protected by the copyright laws of the United States and
other countries. It may not be reproduced, distributed, or altered in any fash-
ion by any entity (either internal or external to Lucent Technologies), except
in accordance with applicable agreements, contracts or licensing, without the
express written consent of the originating organization and the business
management owner of the material.
This document was prepared by the Information Design and Development
Team of Lucent Technologies, PacketStar PSAX products. Offices are located in
Landover, Maryland, USA.
Trademarks
PacketStar, AQueView, Lucent, Lucent Technologies, and the Lucent Technolo-
gies logo are registered trademarks of Lucent Technologies in the USA. Other
product and brand names mentioned in this guide are trademarks or regis-
tered trademarks of their respective owners.
Notices
The information in this document is for informational use only, is subject to
change without notice, and should not be construed as a commitment by
Lucent Technologies, Inc. This document is without warranty of any kind,
either expressed or implied. Lucent Technologies, Inc. assumes no responsi-
bility for any errors, inaccuracies, or omissions. Neither is any liability
assumed for damages resulting from the use of the information or instruc-
tions contained herein. Lucent Technologies, Inc. is not responsible for any
damage or loss to your data or equipment resulting either directly or indi-
rectly from use of this document.
Warranty Information
Lucent Technologies provides a 90-day limited software warranty, and a one-
year limited hardware warranty on this product. Refer to the Software License
and Limited Warranty Agreement and the Lucent Technologies InterNetworking Sys-
tems Global Warranty that accompanied your package for more information.

Safety Warnings and Information
iv 255-700-251
PacketStar®DSP2x Voice Server Modules User Guide, Issue 1 Release 8.0.0
!CAUTION:
Modifying or tampering with PSAX chassis components may void your
warranty. Any modification to this equipment not expressly authorized
by Lucent Technologies may void your granted authority to operate such
equipment.
!CAUTION:
When inserting modules into the chassis, slide them gently, not force-
fully. Excessive force may cause the modules to be seated improperly in
the chassis, and result in possible damage to the module or the chassis.
Install or remove modules one at a time. Doing this aids in preventing
the PSAX system from indicating any erroneous failure messages, and
allows the PSAX system to reinitialize and display the accurate configu-
ration of the module that is inserted.
!CAUTION:
Shipping the chassis with removable I/O, server, or CPU modules
installed may cause damage to the chassis and the modules. Damage to
any of the components in the system resulting from shipping the chassis
with removable modules installed will void your warranty. Only Lucent-
authorized personnel should ship the PSAX chassis with a module
installed.
Safety Warnings and Information
When installing and operating the PacketStar®PSAX Multiservice Media
Gateway, follow the safety guidelines provided below to help prevent serious
personal injury and damage to the equipment. Please read all warnings and
instructions supplied before beginning installation or configuration of the
equipment. In addition to the general safety information provided below,
you should also refer to the user and installation guides for other important
safety information and procedures.
Electrostatic Discharge Precautions
The room where the PSAX system is located must have built-in precautions
to provide protection from electrostatic discharge damage to electronic com-
ponents. The following sections provide details on these necessary precau-
tions.
Grounding Wrist Straps
Attach at least one grounding wrist strap to a common ground for each chas-
sis/electronic rack to be handled. Follow these guidelines for wrist straps:
•Make sure the wrist straps or wrist strap cords have built-in 1-megohm
(minimum) resistance.

255-700-251 v
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Safety Warnings and Information
•Make sure the wrist straps and wrist strap cords are UL listed.
•Ensure the wrist strap cord is long enough so it can be worn while working
either at the front or the back of the rack.
•Always discharge any static charge by touching your wrist strap before you
touch the PSAX chassis.
Floor Covering
Be sure the room has an antistatic floor covering (conductive mat, tiles, or
carpeting) to minimize static charge buildup as you walk across the room.
Follow these guidelines for installing and maintaining proper floor coverings:
•Using foot grounding straps (attached to the heels of your shoes) is recom-
mended, even if you are walking in rooms with antistatic floor covering.
These straps provide additional protection against electrostatic discharge.
The straps should have built-in 1-megohm (minimum) resistance.
•Wool carpet is not an acceptable floor covering.
•Other types of carpet must be sprayed daily with a topical antistatic chemi-
cal before you perform any work in the room. Paying constant attention to
carpet maintenance is time-consuming but required, if used.
Temperature and Humidity
Establishing the proper temperature and humidity in the room where the
PSAX system is located helps control many static discharge problems. Main-
taining proper room climate is especially important when heat is turned on
during the cold weather. To avoid damage to the PSAX system, do not allow
the humidity to increase to the level where water droplets appear on sur-
faces.
Clothing
When working with the PSAX system, avoid wearing clothing made from
wool or synthetic materials. Try to minimize contact between clothing and
electronic components.
Handling Chassis, Modules, and Components
Follow these guidelines for proper handling of the PSAX hardware to mini-
mize electrostatic discharge damage:
•Do not remove the chassis, modules, and other items from their protective
packaging until you are ready to install them.
•When installing modules and components, use a grounding wrist strap
connected to a common electrical ground to prevent electrostatic discharge
damage. (A common electrical ground is a complete circuit between a per-
son or an electrical/electronic device and the earth.)
•Store components in electrostatic-discharge-protective bags when they are
not in use.

Regulatory Standards Compliance
vi 255-700-251
PacketStar®DSP2x Voice Server Modules User Guide, Issue 1 Release 8.0.0
Regulatory Standards Compliance
Safety and Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC)
The following PacketStar PSAX systems are compliant with applicable safety
and EMC standards when configured with the DSP2xVoice Server Modules
(models <Default ¶ 20N28, 20N29, 20N25, 20N26, 20N27, and 20N29 >):
•PSAX 1000 system
•PSAX 1250 system
•PSAX 2300 system
•PSAX 4500 system
Please refer to the appropriate PacketStar PSAX Multiservice Media Gateway
user guide or installation guide for additional information.
Regulatory Statements
European Union Regulatory Statement
CE Marking Hereby, Lucent Technologies declares that the PacketStar PSAX 1000
(-48 V dc and 220 V ac), PSAX 1250 (-48 V dc and 220 V ac), PSAX 2300,
and PSAX 4500 Multiservice Media Gateways, including the equipment doc-
umented in this publication, are in compliance with the essential require-
ments and other relevant provisions of the following Council Directives:
•Low Voltage 72/23/EEC
•Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) 89/336/EEC
•Radio Equipment and Telecommunications Terminal Equipment
1999/5/EC
The Lucent PacketStar PSAX Multiservice Media Gateways deployed in the
European Economic Area (EEA) are intended for connection to E1, E3,
STM-1, and STM-4c networks. The EC Declarations of Conformity may be
viewed or printed at the following public-access Internet site:
http://www.lucent.com/ins/doclibrary
EU-regulativer
CE-mærkning Lucent Technologies erklærer hermed at PacketStar PSAX 1000 (-48 V dc og
220 v vekselstrøm), PSAX 1250 (-48 V dc og 220 v vekselstrøm), PSAX 2300,
og PSAX 4500 Multiservice Media Gateways, inkl. det udstyr der findes
behandlet i denne dokumentation, er i overensstemmelse med følgende EU-
direktiver:
•Lavspændingsdirektivet 72/23/EEC
•EMC-direktivet 89/336/EEC
•Direktivet om radio og teleterminaludstyr 1999/5/EC

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PacketStar®DSP2x Voice Server Modules User Guide, Issue 1 Release 8.0.0
Regulatory Statements
Lucent PacketStar PSAX Multiservice Media Gateways, anvendt i EØS
(Europæiske Økonomiske Samarbejde) skal forbindes med E1, E3, STM-1 og
STM-4c netværk. EU-overensstemmelseserklæringen er at finde påfølgende
internetside hvorfra den ogsåkan udskrives:
http://www.lucent.com/ins/doclibrary
Behördliche Standard-CE-Kennzeichnung für die Europäische Gemeinschaft
CE-Markierung Hiermit erklärt Lucent Technologies, dass die PacketStar PSAX 1000
(-48 V DC
und 220 V~ ), PSAX 1250 (-48 V DC und 220 V~ ), PSAX 2300, und
PSAX 4500 Multiservice Media Gateways, einschließlich den in dieser Pub-
likation dokumentierten Anlagen, die notwendigen Anforderungen und
anderen relevanten Vorschriften der folgenden Council-Direktiven ein-
halten:
•Niederspannungsdirektive 72/23/EEC
•Elektromagnetische Verträglichkeit (EMC) 89/336/EEC
•Funkgeräte und Funkverkehr-Endeinrichtungen 1999/5/EC
Die Lucent PacketStar PSAX Multiservice Media Gateways, die in der
Europäischen Gemeinschaft im Einsatz stehen, dienen zum Anschluss an fol-
gende Netztypen: E1, E3, STM-1 und STM-4c. Die Konformitätserklärung für
die Europäische Gemeinschaft kann auf folgendem, öffentlich zugänglichem
Internet-Site eingesehen oder ausgedruckt werden:
http://www.lucent.com/ins/doclibrary
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Regulatory Statements
viii 255-700-251
PacketStar®DSP2x Voice Server Modules User Guide, Issue 1 Release 8.0.0
Euroopan unionin sääntelystandardi
CE-merkintäLucent Technologies vakuuttaa täten, ettäPacketStar PSAX 1000 (-48 V dc ja
220 V vaihtovirtaa), PSAX 1250 (-48 V dc ja 220 V vaihtovirtaa), PSAX 2300,
ja PSAX 4500 Media Gatewayt ja tässäjulkaisussa dokumentoidut laitteet,
täyttävät seuraavien neuvoston direktiivien keskeiset vaatimukset ja asiaank-
uuluvat määräykset:
•Pienjännite 72/23/EY
•Sähkömagneettinen yhteensopivuus (EMC) 89/336/EY
•Radiolaitteet ja telepäätelaitteet 1999/5/EY
Lucent PacketStar PSAX Multiservice Media Gatewayt, joita käytetään
Euroopan talousalueella, on tarkoitettu liitettäväksi E1-, E3-, STM-1- ja
STM-4c-verkkoihin. EU:n vaatimustenmukaisuusvakuutus voidaan nähdä
tai tulostaa seuraavalta julkiselta Internet-sivulta:
http://www.lucent.com/ins/doclibrary
Norme réglementaire de l’Union européenne
Label CE Lucent Technologies déclare en ceci que les passerelles de média multiser-
vices PacketStar PSAX 1000 (-48 V c.c.
et 220 V ca ), PSAX 1250 (-48 V c.c. et
220 V ca
), PSAX 2300, et PSAX 4500 sont conformes aux exigences essen-
tielles et autres dispositions pertinentes des directives suivantes du Conseil:
•Basse tension 72/23/CEE
•Compatibilitéélectromagnétique (CEM) 89/336/CEE
•Matériel radio et terminaux de télécommunications 1999/5/CE
Les passerelles de média multiservices PacketStar PSAX de Lucent, commer-
cialisées dans l’Espace économique européen sont destinées aux connexions
àdes réseaux E1, E3, STM-1 et STM-4c. Les déclarations de conformitéCE
peuvent être consultées ou imprimées àpartir du site Internet d’accès public:
http://www.lucent.com/ins/doclibrary
Normativa dell’Unione Europea
Apposizione del
marchio CE
La Lucent Technologies dichiara che i gateway multiservizio PacketStar
PSAX 1000 (-48 V dc e 220 V c.a.), PSAX 1250 (-48 V dc e 220 V c.a.),
PSAX 2300, e PSAX 4500 inclusi quelli documentati in seguito, rispondono
ai requisiti essenziali ed ad altre norme rilevanti delle seguenti direttive del
Consiglio:
•Direttiva 72/23/CEE “Basse tensioni”
•Direttiva 89/336/CEE sulla compatibilitàelettromagnetica
•Direttiva 1999/5/CE riguardante le apparecchiature radio e le apparecchia-
ture terminali di telecomunicazione

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Regulatory Statements
I gateway multiservizio PacketStar PSAX della lucent, impiegati nell’area eco-
nomica europea (EEA), sono concepiti per il collegamento con reti E1, E3,
STM-1 e STM-4c. Le dichiarazioni di conformitàCE possono essere visionati
o stampati presso il seguente sito Internet di pubblico accesso:
http://www.lucent.com/ins/doclibrary
Norm van de Europese Unie
CE-markering Lucent Technologies verklaart hierbij dat de PacketStar PSAX 1000 (-48 V dc
en 220V wisselstroom), PSAX 1250 (-48 V dc en 220V wisselstroom),
PSAX 2300, en PSAX 4500 Multi Service Media Gateways voldoen aan de
essentiële vereisten en andere relevante bepalingen van de volgende Rich-
tlijnen van de Raad:
•Laagspanning 72/23/EEG
•Elektromagnetische compatibiliteit (EMC) 89/336/EEG
•Radioapparatuur en telecommunicatie-eindapparatuur 1999/5/EG
De Lucent PacketStar PSAX Multi Service Media Gateways die in de Europese
Economische Ruimte (EER) zijn ingezet, zijn bestemd voor aansluiting op E1,
E3, STM-1 en STM-4c netwerken. DE EU-verklaringen van overeenstem-
ming kunnen worden bekeken of afgedrukt op de volgende Internet-site met
openbare toegang:
http://www.lucent.com/ins/doclibrary
Padrão Regulador da União Europeia
Marca CE A Lucent Technologies vem por este meio declarar que os Concentradores de
Acesso PacketStar PSAX 1000 (-48 V dc e 220V CA), PSAX 1250 (-48 V dc e
220V CA), PSAX 2300, e PSAX 4500 obedecem aos requisitos essenciais e a
outras disposições relevantes das seguintes Directivas do Conselho:
•Baixa Voltagem 72/23/EEC
•Compatibilidade Electromagnética (EMC) 89/336/EEC
•Equipamento de Rádio e Equipamento Terminal de Telecomunicações
1999/5/EC
Os Concentradores de Acesso PacketStar PSAX da Lucent instalados na Área
Económica Europeia (EEA) foram concebidos para serem ligados a redes do
tipo E1, E3, STM-1 e STM-4c. As Declarações de Conformidade CE podem
ser vistas ou impressas no seguinte sítio de acesso público da Internet:
http://www.lucent.com/ins/doclibrary
Norma reguladora de la Unión Europea
Marcas de la CE Por el presente, Lucent Technologies declara que las pasarelas de medios
multiservicio PacketStar PSAX 1000 (-48 V cc y 220 V ca), PSAX 1250
(-48 V cc y 220 V ca), PSAX 2300, y PSAX 4500 Multiservice Media Gate-

Regulatory Statements
x255-700-251
PacketStar®DSP2x Voice Server Modules User Guide, Issue 1 Release 8.0.0
ways, inclusive el equipo documentado en esta publicación, están en confor-
midad con los requisitos esenciales y otras disposiciones pertinentes de las
siguientes directrices del consejo:
•Bajo voltaje 72/23/EEC
•Compatibilidad electromagnética (EMC) 89/336/EEC
•Equipo de radio y equipo de terminales de telecomunicaciones 1999/5/EC
Las pasarelas de medios multiservicio Lucent PacketStar PSAX Multiservice
Media Gateways desplegadas en el área económica europea (European Eco-
nomic Area, EEA) están destinadas a conectarse en redes E1, E3, STM-1 y
STM-4c. Las declaraciones de conformidad de la CE pueden verse o
imprimirse en el siguiente sitio Internet de acceso público:
http://www.lucent.com/ins/doclibrary
Europeiska unionens standardförordning
CE-märkning Lucent Technologies deklarerar härmed att PacketStar PSAX 1000
(-48 V likström
och 220 V växelström ), PSAX 1250 (-48 V likström och 220 V
växelström
), PSAX 2300, och PSAX 4500 Multiservice Media Gateways, ink-
lusive den i denna publikation dokumenterade utrustning, uppfyller de
väsentliga kraven och andra relevanta bestämmelser som gäller enligt föl-
jande Europarådsdirektiv:
•Lågspänning 72/23/EEC
•Elektromagnetisk kompatibilitet (EMC) 89/336/EEC
•Radioutrustning och telekommunikationskopplingsutrustning 1999/5/EC
Lucent PacketStar PSAX Multiservice Media Gateways, som är placerad i EEA
(European Economic Area), är avsedd för att anslutas till E1, E3, STM-1 och
STM-4c nätverk. Europarådets Konformitetsdeklarationer kan ses påbild-
skärm eller skrivas ut påföljande, för allmänheten tillgängliga Internet-ställe:
http://www.lucent.com/ins/doclibrary

255-700-251 xi
PacketStar®DSP2x Voice Server Modules User Guide, Issue 1 Release 8.0.0
Contents
Copyright . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iii
Trademarks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iii
Notices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iii
Warranty Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iii
Safety Warnings and Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iv
Electrostatic Discharge Precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iv
Regulatory Standards Compliance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vi
Safety and Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vi
Regulatory Statements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vi
European Union Regulatory Statement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vi
1Getting Started. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1
Overview of This Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-1
Audience for This Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-1
What You Should Know . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-1
Printed Documents. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-2
About Lucent Technologies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-2
History . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-2
For More Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-2
About the PacketStar®PSAX Product Family . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-2
PSAX 1000 Multiservice Media Gateway. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-2
PSAX 1250 Multiservice Media Gateway. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-3
PSAX 2300 Multiservice Media Gateway. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-3
PSAX 4500 Multiservice Media Gateway. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-3
Text Conventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-4
Text Types Used in This Document. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-4
Icons and Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-4
Use of Field Description Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-5
Technical Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-8
Comments on This Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-9
Before You Begin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-9

Contents
xii 255-700-251
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2Modules Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-1
Overview of the DSP2xVoice Server Modules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1
DSP2x Software Features. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-6
DSP2xHardware Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-7
DSP2E Voice server for Wireless Backhaul Applications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-7
DSP2F Packet Pipe Voice server for AAL5-to-AAL2 Wireless Trunking Applications . . . . . . 2-7
DSP2D Voice Server Feature Matrix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-8
New Features on the DSP2D Voice Server Module for GR-303. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-8
Using the DSP2D, DSP2E, and DSP2F Voice Server Modules for AAL5-to-AAL2 Wireless
Trunking Applications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-9
Using the DSP2D Voice Server Module for GR-303 LES and 7 R/E™Applications . . . . . . 2-11
Configuring the GR-303 LES Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-11
Module Placement. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-11
DSP2C Voice Server Module Software Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-12
Emulated AlgoSets 2 and 3 on the DSP2C Module with Improved Features . . . . . . . 2-12
DSP2C Fax Demodulation/Remodulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-12
DSP2C Module Feature Matrix. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-15
DSP2xVoice Server Module Feature Details . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-17
Multiplexed or Nonmultiplexed AAL2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-17
Dynamic DSP Resource Allocation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-17
Failure Alarm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-18
Caller ID/Flash Hook Signalling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-18
Hybrid AlgoSet Configurations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-18
OAM Support on the DSP2D Module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-18
Previous System Software Release Version Compatibility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-18
Semi-Permanent Virtual Circuit Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-18
Voice Processing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-19
Silence Suppression. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-19
Input/Output PSAX Modules Compatible with Voice Processing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-19
DSP2A and DSP2B Single-AlgoSet Voice Server Modules (System Release 6.2.0). . . . . . . 2-19
Hardware Features. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-21
Hardware Specifications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-21
Chassis Speed, Power Consumption, and Memory Allocation Specifications . . . . . . . . . 2-22
LED Indicators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-22

Contents
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PacketStar®DSP2x Voice Server Modules User Guide, Issue 1 Release 8.0.0
3Maximizing DSP Resource Use on the DSP2C Through DSP2F Voice Server
Modules3-1
Overview of This Chapter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-1
Procedural and Configuration Constraints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-1
Engineering Planning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-3
How the Module Firmware Handles Fax Calls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-3
Provisioning Rules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-4
Example Configuration Scenario: Connection Assignment Order Constraints. . . . . . . . . . .3-6
Suggestion for Quicker Provisioning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-8
Wireless Transport Configuration Considerations on the DSP2D Through DSP2F Voice Server
Modules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-8
Using AAL2 on the DSP2D Voice Server Module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-8
Using AAL2 on the DSP2F Voice Server Module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-8
DSP Chip Architecture and Connection Loads . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-9
Using AAL2 on the DSP2F Voice Server Module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-9
4Configuring DSP Resources Using the Console Interface System . . . . . 4-1
DSP Resource Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-1
DSP Resource Assignment With ATM Trunking Bearer VCCs Coordination . . . . . . . . .4-1
5Configuring DSP Resources Using the AQueView®System . . . . . . . . . . 5-1
DSP Resource Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-1
DSP Resource Assignment With ATM Trunking Bearer VCCs Coordination . . . . . . . . .5-1
Overview of DSP Resource Configuration Tasks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-1
Procedure 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-1
Procedure 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-3
6Configuring Ports and Channels Using the Console Interface . . . . . . . . 6-1
Overview of This Chapter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-1
Configuring the Channels of the DSP2C, DSP2D, DSP2E, and DSP2F
Voice Server Modules. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-1
DSP2C Through DSP2F Channel Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-2
DSP2C Through DSP2F Configuration Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-3
Changing Single DSP Channel Modes on the DSP2C Voice Server Module . . . . . . . .6-20
Configuring the DSP2A or DSP2B Single-AlgoSet Voice Server Modules (Release 6.2.0) . .6-22

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Commands. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-25
Saving the Equipment Configuration and Logging Off . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-26
7Configuring Ports and Channels Using the AQueView®System. . . . . . .7-1
Using the Right-Click Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-1
Configuring the DSP2x Modules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-3
Accessing the Channel Configuration Window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-4
Configuring Interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-5
Performing Bulk Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-13
Copying an Interface Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-15
8Provisioning the Interfaces Using the Console Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-1
Overview of This Chapter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-1
Configuring an HDLC Interface for DSP2D Wireless Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-1
Viewing HDLC Pass Through Interface Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-3
Saving the Equipment Configuration and Logging Off . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-5
9Configuring the Interfaces Using the AQueView®System . . . . . . . . . . .9-1
Overview of This Chapter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-1
DSP2F Voice Server Module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-1
Configuring the HDLC Passthrough Interface. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-1
Viewing HDLC Pass Through Interface Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-5
Configuring Connections and DSP Processing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-6
10 Provisioning Connections Using the Console Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . .10-1
Overview of this Chapter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-1
Configuring the CellPipe™IAD, Stinger DSLAM, and PSAX Media Gateway as Interworking
Functions Using the GR-303 Standard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-1
Configuring Priority SPVCs for Wireless Backhaul. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-1
SPVC Support for Voice Processing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-1
SPVC Configuration Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-2
SPVC Configuration Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-2
Configuring an SPVC with DSP Processing over PNNI. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-3
SPVC Connection Using PNNI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-3
Configuring an SPVC with DSP Processing Over an IISP Link . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-3

Contents
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PacketStar®DSP2x Voice Server Modules User Guide, Issue 1 Release 8.0.0
SPVC Connection Using IISP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10-3
Configuring an SPVC with DSP Processing Over an ATM UNI Interface . . . . . . . . . . .10-3
SPVC Connection Using ATM UNI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10-3
SPVC Call Establishment Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10-4
SPVC Call Establishment Rules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10-4
SPVC Call Re-Establishment Procedure Rules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10-4
Configuring AAL2 Trunking with DSP Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10-5
GR-303 Interface Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10-6
Configuring an AAL2 Trunking Connection with DSP Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10-6
Saving the Equipment Configuration and Logging Off. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10-7
11 Provisioning Connections with DSP Processing Using AQueView®. . . . .11-1
Overview of this Chapter. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11-1
Configuring the CellPipe™IAD, Stinger DSLAM, and PSAX Media Gateway as Interworking
Functions Using the GR-303 Standard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11-1
Configuring Priority SPVCs for Wireless Backhaul . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11-1
SPVC Support for Voice Processing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11-1
SPVC Configuration Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11-2
SPVC Configuration Procedure. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11-2
Configuring an SPVC with DSP Processing over PNNI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11-3
SPVC Connection Using PNNI. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11-3
Configuring an SPVC with DSP Processing Over an IISP Link . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11-3
SPVC Connection Using IISP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11-3
Configuring an SPVC with DSP Processing Over an ATM UNI Interface . . . . . . . . . . .11-3
SPVC Connection Using ATM UNI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11-3
SPVC Call Establishment Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11-4
SPVC Call Establishment Rules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11-4
SPVC Call Re-Establishment Procedure Rules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11-4
Configuring AAL2 Trunking with DSP Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11-5
GR-303 Interface Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11-6
Configuring an AAL2 Trunking Connection with DSP Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11-6
Saving Your Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11-7
AReference Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-1
Overview of This Appendix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-1
ATM Traffic Descriptors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-1

Contents
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Purpose of Traffic Descriptors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-1
Connections Supporting Traffic Descriptors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-1
ATM UNI Specification Cause Codes Table for Connection Retry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-3
DSP Fax Tone Detection Modes Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-7
DSP2C Module Channel Reduction When Using Fax Relay Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-8
Industry Compliance Specifications Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-9
Interface Type by Connection Type Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-19
Interface Type by Module Type Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-21
DSP2D Features Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-24
DSP2C Module Channel Reduction When Using Fax Relay Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-26
DSP2D Bandwidth Calculation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-27
Frame Relay at 8 Kbps. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-30
DSP2D Voice Server Module AAL2 ITU-T Profiles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-31
CE AlgoSets Compatible with the DSP2D Voice Server Module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-33
Minimum AAL2 Trunk Size Requirements Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-34
Multiplexed AAL2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-34
Standard AAL2 Calculation Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-35
Non-Multiplexed AAL2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-35
Module Alarm Status Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-35
Quality of Service (QOS) Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-36
Glossary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Glossary-1

PacketStar®DSP2x Voice Server Modules User Guide, Issue 1 Release 8.0.0
255-700-251 1-1
1 Getting Started
Overview of This Guide
This guide provides information on the following:
•Modules description and specifications
•Provisioning DSP resources on the Site-Specific Menu
•Configuring the channels and interfaces for the module(s)
If you are configuring the modules for the first time, we recommend you
read this user guide in its entirety before beginning module configuration.
Audience for This Guide
The information in this guide is intended for users who will configure chan-
nels for the DSP2xVoice Server modules module, and configure the interface
types for the PSAX Multiservice Media Gateway system, whether using the
console interface or the AQueView Element Management System (EMS).
What You Should Know
Before you use this document or operate a PacketStar PSAX device, you
should already understand and have experience with the following:
•ATM Forum, Frame Relay Forum, and other telecommunications specifi-
cations
•Ethernet network capabilities
•Internet Protocol capabilities
•Data network design
•Telephony network design
Lucent Technologies Information Products
Product Information
Library To install, operate, and configure your PSAX system and I/O and server mod-
ules, read the PSAX publications provided on your Lucent Technologies Pack-
etStar PSAX Multiservice Media Gateways Products, Product Information
Library CD-ROM.

Chapter 1 Getting Started
About Lucent Technologies
1-2 255-700-251
PacketStar®DSP2x Voice Server Modules User Guide, Issue 1 Release 8.0.0
Printed Documents For your convenience, many of the documents included on the PacketStar
PSAX Multiservice Media Gateways Product Information Library CD-ROM
are also available in printed form. You can order these documents through
the Lucent Technologies Customer Information Center Web site at:
www.lucentdocs.com.
Other Publications
Numerous books are currently available on the subject of basic telecommuni-
cations technology and specific protocols. In addition to such general reading,
you should also be familiar with the specifications identified in the appendix
entitled “Reference Information”at the end of this guide.
About Lucent Technologies
History
Lucent Technologies is the communications systems and technology com-
pany formed through the restructuring of AT&T. We bring with us a tradition
of more than 125 years of experience and a dedication to superior customer
service.
Lucent Technologies manufactures, sells, and services a complete line of cus-
tomer premises communications units, and commercial and multimedia
communications and messaging systems designed and supported by our
research and development unit, Bell Laboratories.
Our legacy and our spirit of innovation allow Lucent to provide our custom-
ers with the tools needed to communicate effectively, any time and any-
where, and to integrate the latest technologies into real-life solutions that
help make business work.
For More Information
To learn more about the PacketStar PSAX family of Multiservice Media Gate-
ways and the complete line of Lucent Technologies products, visit our Web
site at www.lucent.com.
About the PacketStar®PSAX Product Family
Lucent Technologies provides a complete range of PSAX Multiservice Media
Gateways in the PacketStar PSAX family.
PSAX 1000 Multiservice Media Gateway
The PacketStar PSAX 1000 Multiservice Media Gateway is designed to provide
a full range of central office-based multiservice media gateway functions.
Ideal for the central office or a large enterprise multiservice media gateway,

255-700-251 1-3
PacketStar®DSP2x Voice Server Modules User Guide, Issue 1 Release 8.0.0
Chapter 1 Getting Started
About the PacketStar®PSAX Product Family
the PSAX 1000 system provides highly reliable network access for time-divi-
sion multiplex voice, Frame Relay, 10/100Base-T Ethernet, and ATM data
applications.
Supporting four slots (19–inch chassis) for I/O and server modules, a
1.2 Gbps ATM cell bus architecture, carrier-class reliability, full redundancy,
and a full range of interfaces such as DS0A, DS1/E1, DS3/E3, OC-3,
OC-3c/STM-1, OC-12c/STM-4c, 10/100Base-T Ethernet, and serial, the
PSAX 1000 system is a cost-effective access switch solution for connecting to
legacy equipment.
PSAX 1250 Multiservice Media Gateway
The PacketStar PSAX 1250 Multiservice Media Gateway is designed to pro-
vide a full range of central office-based multiservice ATM access functions.
Ideal for the central office or a large enterprise’s multiservice media gateway,
the PSAX 1250 system provides highly reliable network access for time-divi-
sion multiplex voice, frame relay, 10/100Base-T Ethernet, and ATM data
applications.
Supporting 10 slots (19-inch chassis) or 14 slots (23-inch chassis) for I/O and
server modules, a 600 Mbps ATM cell bus architecture, carrier-class reliabil-
ity, full redundancy, and a full range of interfaces such as DS0A, DS1/E1,
DS3/E3, OC-3, OC-3c/STM-1, OC-12c/STM-4c, 10/100Base-T Ethernet, and
serial, the PSAX 1250 system is a cost-effective access switch solution for
interworking with legacy equipment.
PSAX 2300 Multiservice Media Gateway
The PacketStar PSAX 2300 Multiservice Media Gateway offers carrier-grade,
high-density multiservice ATM access functions. Designed as the multiservice
media gateway for the central office or for a large enterprise customer, the
PSAX 2300 system provides network access for time-division multiplex
voice, frame relay, I0/100 Base-T Ethernet, and ATM data applications.
Supporting 15 slots for I/O and server modules, a 1.9 Gbps ATM cell bus
architecture, carrier-class reliability, full redundancy, provisions for OC-3,
OC-3c/STM-1, and OC-12c/STM-4c interfaces, N x T1/E1 module protection
switching, and a full range of interfaces such as DS0A, DS1/E1, DS3/E3,
10/100Base-T Ethernet, and serial, the PSAX 2300 system solves many
demanding and diverse network design challenges with ease.
PSAX 4500 Multiservice Media Gateway
The PacketStar PSAX 4500 Multiservice Media Gateway provides carrier-class
reliability, providing up to 4.2 Gbps of switching capacity, the highest in the
PacketStar family. The system offers an unmatched range of service capabili-
ties, end-to-end traffic prioritization, “any-service, any-channel”flexibility,
and breakthrough voice technology. Ideal for the central office or a large
enterprise multiservice media gateway, the PSAX 4500 system provides
highly reliable network access for time-division multiplex voice, frame relay,
10/100Base-T Ethernet, and ATM data applications.

Chapter 1 Getting Started
Text Conventions
1-4 255-700-251
PacketStar®DSP2x Voice Server Modules User Guide, Issue 1 Release 8.0.0
The high-performance midplane design supports 15 interface slots. In four
segments, the unique PSAX 4500 midplane allows each segment to be scaled
independently to provide nonblocking, redundant chassis bandwidths
beyond 4.2 Gbps. Module protection for two groups of four or six multiport
DS3, STS-1e, or E3 modules is provided via an N:1 protection scheme using
rear access line interface modules. The protection module can fill in so that
on the failure of any one of the modules in a group, traffic is maintained.
Using the latest voice-compression technology, the DSP2xVoice Server mod-
ules deliver service providers eight times the capacity of traditional time divi-
sion multiplex circuits while maintaining toll quality and reducing costs by
nearly 30 percent per channel. A single PSAX 4500 system at the edge of the
carrier network can transition traffic from a large number of network cus-
tomers over high-speed DS1/E1 IMA, DS3/E3, OC-3, OC-3c/STM-1c, and
OC-12c/STM-4c trunks into the ATM core, managing the whole quickly and
efficiently, down to the individual permanent virtual circuit.
Text Conventions
Text Types Used in This Document
This guide uses a different typeface to denote text displayed on console inter-
face windows and equipment, as well as data you enter. Table 1-1 shows how
each typographical convention is used.
Icons and Symbols
Refer to the procedures within this module user guide for important safety
information and proper procedures.
Standard icons and symbols to alert you to dangers, warnings, cautions, and
notes are described as follows:
Table 1-1. Text Conventions
Appearance How it is used
SANS SERIF BOLD, ALL CAPS Labels on module panels, chassis faceplates, or other
hardware
Fixed-width normal Message text displayed on the user interface window
Serif bold •Button name (GUI interface) or command name
(console interface) on the user interface window
•Literal text for values that the user types or selects
from predefined sets of values for fields
•Commands or literal argument values
Fixed-width bold System prompts displayed on the user interface window
Serif italics •A variable name or string for which you will substi-
tute your own information
•An argument or parameter on a command line for
which you will substitute your own information