Lufft CHM 8k User manual

General Information - 1 -
User Manual
Lufft CHM 8k Ceilometer

General Information 2
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General Information 3
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General Information 4
1
This operating manual is part of the equipment. It must always be kept close
to the equipment so that it can be accessed quickly when needed.
This operating manual must be read, understood and observed in all respects
by all persons responsible for the equipment and all persons who work on it.
This applies, in particular, to the chapter "Safety".
Editorial deadline: January 2020
Documentation number: 8349.MEP
This operating manual is valid for the following versions of the equipment with the order numbers:
8349.01-010
8349.11-010
8349.11-003
8349.21-010
8349.31-010
8349.02-010
8349.12-010
8349.22-010
8349.32-010
The description of the DSL modem is given in a separate supplementary sheet.
Manufacturer
G. Lufft Mess- und Regeltechnik GmbH
Gutenbergstraße 20
70736 Fellbach, Germany
Phone +49 711 518 22 831
E-mail service@lufft.de
Date
Issue
Notes
July 2018
R1
Initial release
February 2019
R1.4
Revision, adaptation to new firmware
October 2019
R1.6
Revision chapter 10, technical data, safety advise,
adaptation to new firmware
January 2020
R1.7
Revision, adaptation to new firmware
Copyright
© 2020
This manual is protected by copyright. No part of this manual may bereproduced in any form (photograph,
photocopy, microfilm or any other method) or processed, duplicated or distributed using electronic
systems without the written permission of G. Lufft GmbH. Violations will be prosecuted.
The manual was prepared with due care. No liability is assumed for damages resulting from failure to
observe the information contained in the manual.

R1.7 / 01-2020
Safety 5
1.1 Symbols used
Remarks for the smooth use of the equipment
Required action step
2
2.1 Standards and Directives
The device is designed according to the recognized rules of technology and safety and is manufactured
in series unchanged. The applied rules are listed in the currently valid declaration of conformity.
Declarations of conformity can be downloaded from our homepage:
https://www.lufft.com/products/cloud-height-snow-depth-sensors-288/lufft-ceilometer-chm8k-2405/
In Europe, the declaration of conformity is enclosed in the accompanying documents.
2.2 Safety instructions for the laser system
The Ceilometer is classified as a Class 1M laser product according to IEC 60825-1:2014-05. It
complies with 21 CFR 1040.10 except for deviations pursuant to Laser Notice No. 50, dated June 24,
2007. The sensor emits a beam of invisible laser radiation (905 nm) with small divergence (< 1.5 mrad)
and a beam diameter of 60 mm (FWHM). A warning label is attached to the front of the instrument (see
section 2.6).
Class 1M radiation is regarded safe except when viewed with telescope optics. The instrument may only
be operated in a protected outside area. The following precautions must be taken when operating the
sensor:
•Never view the laser beam with optical instruments, especially binoculars
•Avoid looking directly into the laser beam
•Do not operate the instrument with the inner sensor door open
•Do not operate the sensor horizontally (maximum tilt angle 20°)
•Keep the beam path free of reflecting materials
The laser radiation emitted by the sensor is generated by an embedded Class 3B laser module. Even
short exposure to Class 3B laser radiation can lead to injuries to the eye and skin. Maintenance and
service of the sensor may only be carried out by trained personnel. Under no circumstances may the
laser module be removed from the measuring unit or any protective covers removed!
2.3 Requirements for the personnel
•The may only be installed and commissioned by trained personnel who have received
instructions in safety-related matters. Electrical connection of the device may only be carried out
by a qualified electrician.
•Maintenance and adjustment work on the may only be carried out by the service staff of
G. Lufft GmbH or by authorized and trained personnel. All maintenance work
requires a technical qualification in electrical safety.
•Every person assigned to install and commission the must have read and understood
the complete user manual.
•During all work on the equipment, personnel must not be overtired and must not be under the
influence of alcohol, medicines or intoxicants. The personnel must have no physical limitations
that temporarily or permanently restrict their attention and judgment.
2.4 Safety instructions for transport, installation, commissioning and cleaning
•The may only be loaded and transported in the packed condition and in the transport
position (see Figure 5) using suitable lifting gear and transport equipment.
•Inside the shipping container/truck the must be adequately protected against slipping,
shock, or other mechanical impacts, e.g. by using straps.
•If the is not installed immediately, it must be stored protected from external influences
and adequately secured.
•At least two people are required to install the .

R1.7 / 01-2020
Safety 6
•Once the has been installed, it must be checked. Make sure that no safety-related
changes have taken place on the device.
•The inner housing door may only be opened by the service staff of G. Lufft GmbH or by the
•Never operate the sensor if a cover window is broken. Return the sensor to G. Lufft GmbH for
repair.
•Explosion hazard. Do not install the CHM 8k in hazardous locations.
2.5 Description of the warnings
2.5.1 Description of warning symbols
Symbol
Use
Warning of a general hazard
Warning of laser beam
Warning of dangerous electrical voltage
Warning of hot surface
Electrical equipment marked with this symbol may not be
disposed of in European domestic or public disposal systems.
Return old or end-of-life equipment to the manufacturer for
disposal at no charge to the user.
2.5.2 Description of precautionary statements
WARNING
Indicates a hazardous situation that, if not avoided, could result in death or serious injury.
CAUTION
Indicates a hazardous situation that, if not avoided, could result in minor or moderate injury.
NOTICE
Indicates a situation which, if not avoided, may cause damage to the instrument. Information that
requires special emphasis.

R1.7 / 01-2020
Safety 7
2.6 Product labeling 8k
The product labels are show in Figure 1. The type plate and the protective earth connection are located
on the back of the housing foot.
Figure 1 Safety labeling.
2.7 Designated use
The operational safety of the CHM 8k is only guaranteed if used as designated in accordance with the
instructions in this operating manual.
The device is designed for single phase operation on a public low-voltage network in accordance with
IEC38, 6th edition, 1983.
The ceilometer may be used only in a protected outside area. In standard operation, the laser beam is
aligned to the zenith, i.e. the device measures vertically. It can be tilted with adequate accessories to a
maximum tilt angle of 20°. Any use beyond this limit is considered non-designated use! The operator
bears sole responsibility for any resulting damage.
Horizontal use represents a safety risk for third parties and is expressly excluded.
For trouble-free operation, follow a regular cleaning and maintenance cycle (see chapter 10).
Never operate the sensor if a cover
window is broken! Refer to section 10
for a detailed explanation.

R1.7 / 01-2020
Technical Data 8
3
3.1 Ordering information
Equipment Versions
Order number
Description
Power supply
Cable length
8349.01-010
EU Basic
230 VAC ±10%
10 m
8349.11-010
EU + DSL Modem
230 VAC ±10%
10 m
8349.11-003
EU + DSL Modem
230 VAC ±10%
3 m
8349.21-010
EU + Battery Backup
230 VAC ±10%
10 m
8349.31-010
EU + DSL Modem + Battery Backup
230 VAC ±10%
10 m
8349.02-010
US Basic
115 VAC ±10%
10 m
8349.12-010
US + DSL Modem
115 VAC ±10%
10 m
8349.22-010
US + Battery Backup
115 VAC ±10%
10 m
8349.32-010
US + DSL Modem + Battery Backup
115 VAC ±10%
10 m
Table 1 Equipment versions.
Composition of order numbers:
8349.xx-yyy
8349 = basic unit (instrument, documentation, transport box)
xx = Special interface, other features (modem, battery backup, etc.)
xx= Country code (EU or US)
yyy = Cable length (003 = 3m; 010 = 10 m; 050 = 50m)
3.2 Technical data
Measurement parameters
Measuring range
0 0
Cloud detection range
26246 ft)
Resolution (measured)
5 m
NetCDF data resolution (*)
5 m 30 m in 5 m steps (can be set by the user)
15 m (default setting)
NetCDF high resolution data
5 m (defined for limited HR vector of data)
Logging time and reporting
cycle (*)
2 s to 600 s (programmable)
Default value: 15 s
Measurement objects
Aerosols, clouds (droplets, ice crystals)
Measured / set parameters
Backscatter raw data
Cloud heights up to 9 layers including penetration depth, max.
detectable range (MXD), vertical visibility (VOR), Sky Condition
Index (SCI), cloud cover (TCC, BCC), ...
Measuring principle
Lidar (optical, time of flight)
Optical parameters
Light source
Laser diode
Wavelength
905 nm
Pulse energy
Pulse repetition rate
8 kHz
Filter bandwidth
25 nm
Field-of-view receiver (FOV)
1.1 mrad
Extended NOHD
400 m (for 50 mm aperture)

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Technical Data 9
Data interfaces
Standard interfaces
RS485 half-duplex (ASCII); LAN (http, (S-)FTP, NetTools)
Optional interfaces
DSL, RS485 full-duplex (4 wire)
Electrical parameters
Power supply
230 VAC ±10 % or 115 VAC ±10 %
Line frequency
50 Hz, 60 Hz
Power consumption
Max 450 VA with activated case heater (default);
Max 300 VA without activated case heater
Power consumption in W
(depends on supply voltage)
Measuring unit heater: 250 W @115 / 230 VAC
Case heater: 150 W @115/ 230 VAC
UPS functionality (optional)
Internal backup battery for the electronics (> 1 hour)
Equipment safety
General safety
IEC 61010-1:2010 + A1
Laser Protection Class
1M according to IEC 60825-1:2014; complies with 21 CFR 1040.10
Protection housing
IEC/ EN 60529: IP 65; IEC/EN 61010-1: IK06 (1 Joule)
Protection electrical safety
Protection class I (protective earth needed)
Overvoltage Category
II
Pollution degree in IP65
housing
2
EMC
EN 61326 Class B (industrial use)
Conformity
CE
Operating conditions
Temperature range
-40 °C to +60 °C
Relative humidity
0% 100%
Wind
60 m/s
Maximum operating altitude
5000 m
Dimensions
Enclosure dimensions
(footprint x height)
W x H x L = 0.5 m x 0.5 m x 1.55 m
Packaging dimensions
W x H x L = 0.75 m x 0.86 m x 1.80 m
Weight
Weight
70 kg (complete system)
9.5 kg (measuring unit heaviest replacement part)
Installation requirements
Suitable low-voltage
distribution systems
TN-
neutral and protective conductor separate
TN-C
conductor combined in one conductor
Connection type
Fixed connection, grounding by means of ground connection clamp
(see Figure 12)
Resources to be provided by the operator
Lightning protection
- Internal lightning protection is provided
- External lightning protection must be provided
Grounding
Grounding system according to DIN V VDE 0185-3
Requirements for installation
- Isolation device for disconnection from low-voltage network in
- Easily accessible
-
- Pre-fuse only needed for 230 VAC variant: 10 A gG time-lag
Table 2 Technical data.

R1.7 / 01-2020
Technical Data 10
(*) the combination of high temporal and range resolution over the full range is limited due to file size and
processing time. Any combination of > 70MB daily NetCDF fle sizes is not supported by Lufft.
Example (standard operation mode): 15 m range resolution over 10 km range with 15 s time resolution
results in 17 MB daily NetCDF file sizes.

R1.7 / 01-2020
Technical Description 11
4
The ceilometer is mainly used to measure cloud bases, cloud penetration depths, cloud cover
statistics, the vertical visibility and the aerosol layer. The calculated data are transferred by remote
transmission via standard digital interfaces.
The uses the lidar method as a measuring principle (Lidar: light detection and ranging): short
light pulses are emitted into the atmosphere where they are scattered by aerosols, droplets and air
molecules. The portion of the light that is scattered back to the ceilometer is further analyzed. The
propagation time of the laser pulses is measured and used to calculate the distance of the scattering
event.
The height profile of the backscattered signal is analyzed to calculate the attenuated backscatter
coefficient as the first output parameter from the instrument. The different target parameters like the cloud
base layers and the aerosol layer height are calculated from these data.
The CHM 8k detection system is based on an analog detection method with a 25 nm bandwidth optical
filter in front of the detector. It is designed to suppress background light effectively, while being compatible
with the broader emission spectrum of InGaAs laser diodes. The analog detection system offers high
dynamical range without saturation of the detector.
The ceilometer is:
•A compact device including heater and window blower.
•Capable of operating under the ambient conditions specified in the technical data (see 3)
•Based on modules, e.g. the laser optical unit (LOM) inside the device can be replaced (refreshed)
at the end of the laser diode lifetime
•A device designed for 24/7 continuous operation
4.1 Construction of the
The housing of the is made of corrosion-resistant aluminum in double-shell construction.
The function of the outer shell is to dampen the external influences of:
•Solar radiation
•Wind
•Precipitation
•Mechanical shock
on the inner shell, which carries the measuring unit. The chimney effect between the outer shell and the
inner housing supports this process and avoids high temperature in the inner housing.
The housing cover protects the inner housing against dust and precipitation and mechanical damage on
the windows. The housing cover contains the opening for laser exit and laser entry. The partition in the
cover decouples the transmission area from the sensitive receiving area. An air baffle inside the cover
directs the airflow from both fans directly onto the glass windows of the inner housing.
The inner housing incorporates all the equipment needed to operate the . The cable feed-
throughs for data line, power supply and connection of the external fans are realized via cable glands.
For pressure equalization, the inner housing has a pressurization element with a GoreTex® membrane.
The upper end of the inner housing forms a two-part viewing window made of coated float glass. The
windows are inclined at the Brewster angle. This ensures low-loss laser light transmission and optimal
self-cleaning of the windows. The fan located at the rear of the device supports the cleaning of the
windows: the fans are switched on an hourly interval and in rain / snow. The fans are also used to remove
heat from the inner housing. The fans are serviced by a service technician via the removable rear panel
of the .
The outer door allows access to the inner housing and the glass windows, e.g. for cleaning purposes.
Access to the interior of the inner housing is possible via the inner door. The outer and inner doors are
secured with different locking mechanisms. In this way, access to the interior of the inner housing by
cleaning personnel who have not been instructed in safety-related matters is excluded. The inner door
may only be opened
personnel.
4.2 Functional units of the inner housing
The functional units of the device are:
•Transmitting and receiving unit (measuring unit - LOM)
•Control board and related components

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Technical Description 12
•Power supply 12 - 15 VDC for the electronics
•Transformer 48 VCD for fans
•Fan and temperature sensors
•Lightning and overvoltage protection device for power cable, LAN, RS485
The functional units are of modular design, fastened separately to the inner housing and can be removed
and replaced individually for servicing purposes.
4.2.1 Functional diagram
Figure 2 Functional chart, the numbers in brackets corresponds to the numbering in the spare parts list (provided in the service
manual or as an extra list).
Figure 2 clearly shows that the main controller is the central unit. The main controller controls and monitors
all device functions shown here and provides corresponding status values.

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Technical Description 13
4.2.2 Function control and device status
Figure 3 Flow chart - standard measuring cycle.
The functional control of the CHM 8k (measurement and evaluation) is performed by an FPGA and an
OMAP processor. The logging interval (not shown here) consist of multiple measuring cycles calculated
in the OMAP processor, while processes with higher time resolution of up to 1s time intervals are
processed in the FPGA.
Figure 3 shows the internal measurement cycle that takes place every second. The measured data and
the evaluation of the status parameters are checked after each measurement cycle. If the values are
outside the tolerances or there is a hardware error, the standard measurement cycle is reinitialized, and
an error message is generated and output.
However, there are parts that are controlled internally with higher time resolution, such as the temperature
control of the laser and processes that run in the logging interval, such as the evaluation of the window
contamination sensor [153] and the fan controller in case of precipitation. Laser safety is also monitored
by the FPGA and the firmware, independently of the above measurement cycle. In addition, there is a
watchdog circuit that monitors the operating system and relevant voltages, and a software watchdog to
control the firmware processes. Determined values and status values are output in the extended data
telegram and the NetCDF files. The standard message contains rough information about the status code
(see 8.5 Status code).
- laser diode testing
- detector testing
- transmission of status
codes
Measurement 1s
Evaluation of temperatures,
signal quality, voltages are
checked, laser safety check
N
O
Y
E
Measurement & system
performance okay?

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Transport / Scope of Delivery 14
5
NOTICE
The device may be damaged if handled inappropriately.
The may only be transported and moved using suitable transport equipment and lifting
gear.
The may only be loaded and transported in the packed condition and in the transport
position (see Figure 5).
Inside the shipping container/ truck, the CHM 8k must be adequately protected against slipping,
shock, or other mechanical impacts.
The scope of delivery includes:
•CHM 8k ceilometer
•Ring binder with documents
oDrilling template
oMechanical setup instruction
oElectrical setup instruction
oTest protocol
oList of serial numbers of build in components
oUser manual
oIn the EU: Declaration of conformity
•Fastening components:
o4 dowels S12 (Fischer Co.)
o4 screws M10 x 140-ZN (DIN 571)
o4 washers ISO 7093-10.5-KST/PA
o4 washers ISO 7093-10.5-A2
•An adapter frame can be supplied, which allows the CHM 8k to be screwed to existing fastening
bolts.
•An angle adapter frame can be supplied, e.g. for 15° to tilt ceilometer away from direct sunlight.
Information about required tools
Spanner / wrench for 4x M10 screws: 17 mm or 3/8 Worth. A 3/8-inch screw with
appropriate anchors can be used instead of the M10 screw. The leveling screws
require a 22 mm spanner or 1/2 Worth.
For further technical details, please contact G. Lufft GmbH.
Operating status of the on delivery
Transfer mode
1, automatic output of the standard data telegram
RS485 device number
16
Baud rate
9600
Measuring period
15 seconds
For detailed information on the operating statuses, see chapter 8 Communication via RS485 & Ethernet.

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Installation 15
6
NOTICE
The operator of the is responsible for creating and dimensioning the foundation. The
foundation must be dimensioned so that it can cope with the permanent stress caused by the
weight of the equipment and external influences.
To prevent the ingress of dirt or moisture, the device must not be opened during installation and
commissioning.
The ceilometer is installed on and fixed to a suitable concrete foundation. Integrated leveling
screws on the underside of the foot allow the device to be vertically aligned and thus facilitate the vertical
orientation of the measuring unit.
Install the CHM 8k in a protected outside area. Avoid radiation from strong light sources. The sun radiation
l. Please request a suitable angle adapter. The distance to trees and
shrubs must be selected such that leaves, and needles do not reach the light emission apertures of the
device. When installing the the following minimum distances must be observed:
- to radio devices 2.5 m
- ) 25 m
- between two ceilometers (optical interference possible) 10 m
6.1 Installing the
6.1.1 Preparatory work
The requires an installation area of 50 x 50 cm. It must be stable, firmly installed and mounted
on an adequately sized concrete foundation. The inclination of the installation surface must not exceed 5
mm/m. Before installing the , holes must be drilled and dowels inserted in the concrete foundation
(ø 12 mm, 4 dowels are included in the delivery), in accordance with the drilling template (see Figure 4).
It is important to pay attention to the opening direction of the exterior door to the connection
box.
Figure 4 Drilling template.
1 Drilling template
2 Drill holes (ø 12 mm) for fixing
3 Possibility of electrical connection (connection box)
4 Opening direction of the exterior door

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Installation 16
6.1.2 Installing on the foundation
CAUTION
Do not attempt to move the CHM 8k without adequate help
At least two people are required to install the ceilometer
Install the ceilometer as follows:
Unload the from the transport equipment and set it down as close as possible to the place
of installation.
Figure 5 CHM 8k packed and in transport position (1: wooden crate, 2: pallet).
Remove the packaging.
Unscrew the side panels.
Remove the side panels individually.
Figure 6 The CHM 8k with Styrofoam or paper honeycomb packing pads.
1 Here: Polystyrene packaging
2
3 Pallet

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Installation 17
Carefully lift the out of the polystyrene packaging or paper honeycomb packaging by hand,
observing all safety regulations. (Lifting positions: Figure 7).
Figure 7 Lifting positions and handle protection (edge protection profile).
Onward transport options:
To carry: Grasp the equipment in the openings marked with arrows (Figure 7).
Hand truck: For greater distances to the concrete foundation (Figure 8).
NOTICE
When transporting with a hand truck, make sure that the is placed on the hand truck
with the exterior door facing downwards (see Figure 8).
A cushion (e.g. bubble wrap) should be placed between the CHM and the hand truck.
Figure 8 Transport with hand truck.
Position the in the installation position (vertical) on the concrete foundation.
It is important to
connection box (see Figure 4).
Loosely pre-assemble the on the concrete foundation with the supplied washers and fixing
screws (see Figure 9).

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Installation 18
Figure 9 Fixing elements.
1 Dowel S12
2 Leveling screw 5 mm (integrated into the base of the device)
3 Screw DIN 571-10 x 140-ZN
4 Washer ISO 7093-10.5-A2
5 Washer ISO 7093-10.5-KST/PA
6 Concrete foundation
Vertically align the using the levelling screws integrated into the base of the device (with a
spirit level: place on one side wall and on the front). Tools required: 22 mm spanner / wrench.
Tighten the fixing screws. Tools required: 17 mm spanner / wrench.
Remove the handle protection (edge protection profile) from above and secure in the base for the
next transport.
6.2 Electrical installation
NOTICE
Incorrect installation may result in damage to the equipment.
The electrical connection of the may only be carried out by a qualified electrician of
G. Lufft GmbH or another qualified electrician. Failure to comply will result in the loss of
warranty and warranty claims.
The operator must meet all the requirements for connecting the ceilometer in
accordance with EN 61010-1, e.g., installation of a connection box.
An overvoltage and lightning protection system is installed within the Ceilometer. If the
customer needs to measure the isolation resistance, then it is allowed and needed to use 250V
DC. The value of the isolation resistance must be above 1 M.
Figure 10 shows a schematic sketch of the electrical installation of the CHM 8k. The power supply (1) to
the device must be connected via an external mains switch (2) which needs to be easily accessible to cut
the power to the device when required. 8k and a pre-fuse
10A gG time-lag must be used only for 230VAC-devices. The connection box should be installed at a
distance of < 3 m. An external lightning conductor (7) must be installed to protect the device from direct
lightning strikes. All connections to the device must be made according to the respective country-specific
regulations.

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Installation 19
Figure 10 Schematic sketch of the electrical installation.
1 Power supply (3-pole)
2 Mains switch and electric junction box
3 Data transfer cables: RS485 or LAN,
4 Data cable connection: RS485 or LAN
5 PC for remote access (via LAN/DSL; PC must not be local)
6 Ground connection ceilometer
7 Lightning conductor
WARNING
Touching live parts may result in electric shock, which will cause serious or fatal
injury.
Switch off the external circuit breaker before starting the installation and secure
against reconnection.
The electrical connections to the CHM 8k are specified in more detail in Figure 11. Connect the mains
and data cables as shown in this figure. It is recommended to include external overvoltage protection in
all connections to the device to prevent damage to the connection box. Internal lightning protection is
provided in the device.
The is connected via the following supplied cables:

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Installation 20
1. 230 VAC supply cable (mains cable): color code: neutral conductor: blue, conductor: brown,
protective conductor: green-yellow); standard length 10 m.
OR
115 VAC supply cable (mains cable): color code: conductor black, neutral: white, protective
conductor: green / green-yellow
Figure 11 Electrical installation.
2. Grounding cable 10 mm² (1-pin, green-yellow), standard length 2.6 m, for the grounding
connection (see Figure 12). The grounding cable must be kept as short as possible.
Figure 12 Grounding connection at pedestal of device.
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