Lufft CHM 15k User manual
General Information - 1 -
Titelseite
General Information 2
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Operating Manual CHM 15k R13 / 07-2019
General Information 3
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General Information 4
1
This operating manual is part of the equipment. It must always be kept close to
the equipment so that it can be accessed quickly when needed.
This operating manual must be read, understood and observed in all respects by
all persons responsible for the equipment and all persons who work on it. This
concern, in particular, the section "Safety".
Editorial deadline: July 2019
Documentation number: 8350.MEP
This operating manual is valid for the following versions of the equipment:
CHM
15k with the order numbers:
8350.00
8350.01
8350.01-BW
8350.03
8350.B050
8350.10
Manufacturer
G. Lufft Mess- und Regeltechnik GmbH
Gutenbergstraße 20
70736 Fellbach, Germany
Phone +49 711 518 22 831
Fax +49 711 518 22 41
E-mail service@lufft.de
Date
Revision
Firmware
Notes
March 2014
IO
0.723
previous Jenoptik release
December 2014
R04
0.730
cloud algorithm optimized in precipitation cases,
parameter in RS485 / web-interface added, chapter 7-8
corrected
November 2015
R06
0.735
Fixes chapter 9, table SCI
November 2016
R09
0.743
all chapter revised
April 2019
R12
1.015
chapter 1 - 8 revised, safety regulations updated
July 2019
R13
1.020
chapter 10,11, technical data, safety regulations revised
Copyright
© 2019
This manual is protected by copyright. No part of this manual may be reproduced in any form (photograph,
photocopy, microfilm or any other method) or processed, duplicated or distributed using electronic systems
without the written permission of G. Lufft GmbH. Violations will be prosecuted.
The manual was prepared with due care.No liability is assumed for damages resulting from failure to observe
the information contained in the manual.
Operating Manual CHM 15k R13 / 07-2019
Safety... 5
1.1 Symbols used
Remarks for the smooth use of the equipment
Required action step
2
2.1 Standards and Directives
The device is designed according to the recognized rules of technology and safety and is manufactured
in series unchanged. The applied rules are listed in the currently valid declaration of conformity.
Declarations of conformity can be downloaded from our homepage:
https://www.lufft.com/products/cloud-height-snow-depth-sensors-288/ceilometer-chm-15k-nimbus-2300/
2.2 Safety instructions for the laser system
-1:2014-06. It
complies with 21 CFR 1040.10 except for deviations pursuant to Laser Notice No. 50, dated June 24,
2007. The sensor emits a beam of invisible laser radiation (1064 nm) with small divergence (< 0.5 mrad)
and a beam diameter of 90 mm. A warning label is attached to the front of the instrument (see 2.6). Class
1M radiation is regarded safe except when viewed with telescope optics. The instrument may only be
operated in a protected outside area. The following precautions must be taken when operating the sensor:
•Never view the laser beam with optical instruments, especially binoculars
•Avoid looking directly into the laser beam
•Do not operate the instrument with the inner sensor door open
•Do not operate the sensor horizontally (maximum tilt angle 20°)
•Keep the beam path free of reflecting materials
The laser radiation emitted by the sensor is generated by an embedded Class 3B laser. Even short
exposure to Class 3B laser radiation can lead to injuries to the eye and skin. Maintenance and service of
the sensor may only be carried out by trained personnel. Under no circumstances may the laser be
removed from the measuring unit or any protective covers removed!
2.3 Requirements for the personnel
•The CHM 15k may only be installed and commissioned by trained personnel who have
received instructions in safety-related matters. Electrical connection of the device may only
be carried out by a qualified electrician.
•Maintenance and adjustment work on the CHM 15k may only be carried out by the service
staff of G.
maintenance work requires a technical qualification in electrical safety.
•Every person assigned to install and commission the CHM 15k must have read and
understood the complete user manual.
•During all work on the equipment, personnel must not be overtired and must not be under
the influence of alcohol, medicines or intoxicants. The personnel must have no physical
limitations that temporarily or permanently restrict their attention and judgment.
2.4 Safety instructions for transport, installation, commissioning and cleaning
•The CHM 15k may only be loaded and transported in the packed condition and in the
transport position (see Figure 5) using suitable lifting gear and transport equipment.
•Inside the shipping container /
slipping, shock, or other mechanical impacts, e. g. by using straps.
Operating Manual CHM 15k R13 / 07-2019
Safety... 6
•If the CHM 15k is not installed immediately, it must be stored so as to be protected from
external influences and adequately secured.
•At least two people are required to install the CHM 15k.
•Once the CHM 15k has been installed, it must be checked. Make sure that no safety-related
changes have taken place on the device.
•The inner housing door may only be opened by the service staff of G. Lufft GmbH or by the
•Never operate the sensor if a cover window is broken. Return the sensor to Lufft for repair.
•Explosion hazard: do not install the CHM 15k in hazardous locations.
2.5 Description of the warnings
2.5.1 Description of warning symbols
Symbol
Use
Warning of a general hazard
Warning of laser beam
Warning of dangerous electrical voltage
Warning of hot surface
Electrical equipment marked with this symbol may not be
disposed of in European domestic or public disposal systems.
Return old or end-of-life equipment to the manufacturer for
disposal at no charge to the user.
2.5.2 Description of precautionary statements
WARNING
Indicates a hazardous situation that, if not avoided, could result in death or serious injury.
CAUTION
Indicates a hazardous situation that, if not avoided, could result in minor or moderate injury.
NOTICE
Indicates a situation which, if not avoided, may cause damage to the instrument. Information
that requires special emphasis.
Operating Manual CHM 15k R13 / 07-2019
Safety... 7
2.6 Product labeling CHM 15k
In Figure 1 the product labels are shown. The type plate and the protective earth connection are located on
the back of the housing foot.
Figure 1 Labeling, the type plate is fixed on the back side of the pedestal.
2.7 Designated use
The operational safety of the CHM 15k is only guaranteed if used as designated in accordance with the
instructions in this operating manual.
The device is designed for single phase operation on a public low-voltage network in accordance with
IEC38, 6th edition, 1983.
The ceilometer may be used only in a protected outside area. In standard operation, the laser beam is
aligned to the zenith, i. e. the device measures vertically. It can be tilted with adequate accessories to a
maximum tilt angle of 20°. Any use beyond this limit is considered non-designated use! The operator
bears sole responsibility for any resulting damage.
Horizontal use represents a safety risk for third parties and is expressly excluded.
For trouble-free operation, follow a regular cleaning and maintenance cycle (see chapter 10).
Never operate the sensor if a cover
window is broken! Refer to section 10
for a detailed explanation.
Operating Manual CHM 15k R13 / 07-2019
Technical Data 8
3
3.1 Ordering information
Equipment Versions
Order number
Description
Power supply
Cable
length
8350.00
CHM 15k Basic
230 VAC ±10%
10 m
8350.01
CHM
15k + DSL Modem
230 VAC ±10%
3 m
8350.01-BW
CHM
15k + DSL Modem with AIT
identification code
230 VAC ±10%
3 m
8350.03
CHM 15k + DSL prepared
230 VAC ±10%
10 m
8350.10
CHM
15k- US/CA
115 VAC ±10%
10 m
8350.B050
CHM 15k EU
230 VAC ±10%
50 m
Table 1 Equipment versions.
General remarks: The standard cable length is 10 m for the RS485, LAN (or DSL) and power cable.
DSL, battery backup are options and are also available for the 115 VAC device version.
3.2 Technical data
Measurement parameters
Measuring range
0 5 km (0 50000 ft)
Cloud detection range
10 15 km (33 50000 ft)
Resolution (measured)
5 m
NetCDF data resolution (*)
5 m 30 m in 5 m steps (can be set by the user)
15 m (default setting)
NetCDF high resolution data
5 m (defined for limited HR vector of data)
Logging time and reporting
cycle (*)
2 s to 600 s (programmable)
Default value: 15 s
Measurement objects
Aerosols, clouds (droplets, ice crystals)
Measured / set parameters
Backscatter raw data
Cloud heights up to 9 layers including penetration depth, max.
detectable range (MXD), vertical visibility (VOR), Sky Condition
Index (SCI), cloud cover (TCC, BCC), ...
Measuring principle
Lidar (optical, time of flight)
Optical parameters
Light source
Nd:YAG solid state laser, diode pumped
Wavelength
1064 nm
Spectral width
0.1 nm
Output power Pavg (max)
59.5 mW
Pulse repetition rate
5-7 kHz
Pulse duration
1 ns
Laser divergence
<0.5 mrad
Filter bandwidth
1 nm
Long-time stability over 12
months (pulse repetition rate)
<10 %
Filter bandwidth
1 nm
Field-of-view receiver (FOV)
0.45 mrad
Extended NOHD
1 km (for 50 mm aperture)
Operating Manual CHM 15k R13 / 07-2019
Technical Data 9
Data interfaces
Standard interfaces
RS485 half duplex (ASCII); LAN (http, (S-)FTP, NetTools)
Optional interfaces
DSL, RS232 (service)
Electrical parameters
Power supply
230 VAC ±10 % or 115 VAC ±10 %
Line frequency
50 Hz, 60 Hz
Power consumption
Max 800 VA with activated case heater (default);
Max 300 VA without activated case heater
Power consumption in W
(depends on supply voltage)
LOM heater: 250 W @115 / 230 VAC
Case heater: 450 W @115/ 230 VAC
UPS functionality (optional)
Internal backup battery for the electronics (> 1 hour)
Equipment safety
Environmental requirements
ISO 10109-11
Laser Protection Class
1M according to IEC 60825-1:2014; complies with 21 CFR 1040.10
Protection housing
IEC/ EN 60529: IP 65; IEC/EN 61010-1: IK06 (1 Joule)
Protection electrical safety
Protection class I (protective earth needed)
Overvoltage Category
II
Pollution degree in IP65
housing
2
EMC
EN 61326 Class B (industrial use)
Conformity
CE
Operating conditions
Temperature range
-40°C to +50°C
Relative humidity
0% 100%
Wind
60 m/s
Maximum operating altitude
2000m
Dimensions
Enclosure dimensions
(footprint x height)
W x H x L = 0.5 m x 0.5 m x 1.55 m
Packaging dimensions
W x H x L = 0.75 m x 0.86 m x 1.80 m
Weight
Weight
70 kg (complete system)
9.5 kg (measuring unit heaviest replacement part)
Installation requirements
Suitable low-voltage
distribution systems
TN-S system: grounded mains, grounded 15k enclosure,
neutral and protective conductor are separate
TN-C-S system: grounded enclosure 15k, neutral and
protective conductor in one conductor led outside the CHM 15k,
but inserted and connected separately into the enclosure
Connection type
Fixed connection, grounding by means of ground connection clamp
(see Figure 12)
Resources to be provided by the operator
Lightning protection
- Internal lightning protection is provided
- External lightning protection must be provided
Grounding
Grounding system according to DIN V VDE 0185-3
Requirements for installation
- Isolation device for disconnection from low-voltage network in close
proximity to the CHM 15k
- Easily accessible
- Marked as belonging to the CHM 15k
- Pre-fuse according to cable cross-section 6 A, B or C
Operating Manual CHM 15k R13 / 07-2019
Technical Data 10
Table 2 Technical data.
(*) the combination of high temporal and range resolution over the full range is limited due to file size and
processing time. Example: 15 m resolution over 15 km range with 15 s resolution ➔24 MB daily file size
(is our standard operating mode); a combination of 5 m range resolution over the full range of 15 km and
2 s time resolution would lead to >500 MB daily files. Any combination of >100MB daily NetCDF file sizes
is not supported by Lufft.
Operating Manual CHM 15k R13 / 07-2019
Technical Description 11
4
The CHM 15k ceilometer is mainly used to measure cloud bases, cloud penetration depths, cloud cover
statistics, the vertical visibility and the aerosol layer. The calculated data are transferred by remote
transmission via standard digital interfaces.
The CHM 15k uses the lidar method as a measuring principle (Lidar: light detection and ranging): short
light pulses generated by a microchip solid state laser are emitted into the atmosphere where they are
scattered by aerosols, droplets and air molecules. The portion of the light that is scattered back to the
ceilometer is further analyzed. The propagation time of the laser pulses is measured and used to calculate
the distance of the scattering event.
The height profile of the backscattered signal is analyzed to calculate the backscatter intensity βraw as the
first output parameter from the instrument. From βraw the attenuated backscatter coefficient βatt can be
calculated using a calibration constant valid for the CHM
15k instruments. The different target parameters
like the cloud base layers and the aerosol layer height are calculated from these data.
The CHM 15k Nimbus detection system is based on a photon counting method. It can only be used in
combination with a laser like it is integrated in the CHM
15k. The narrow laser bandwidth enables the
usage of a 1 nm (or less) bandwidth filter in front of the detector that is required to suppress the
background light efficiently and be able to average data over several minutes. Averaging signals to reach
a certain signal to noise level is key for lidar measurements generating aerosol profiles. Compared to
analog measurement techniques, the benefits of this method are very high detection accuracy and
sensitiveness. The technique is also robust against noise.
The CHM 15k ceilometer is:
•A compact device including heater and window blower
•Capable of operating under the ambient conditions specified in the technical data (see 3)
•Based on modules, e. g. the laser optical module (LOM) inside the device can be replaced
(refreshed) at the end of the laser diode lifetime
•A device designed for 24/7 continuous operation
•
4.1 Construction of the CHM 15k
The enclosure of the CHM 15k is made of corrosion-resistant aluminum in double-shell construction.
The function of the outer shell is to dampen the external influences of:
•Solar radiation
•Wind
•Precipitation
•Mechanical shock
on the inner shell, which carries the measuring unit. The chimney effect between the outer shell and the
inner housing supports this process and avoids high temperature in the inner housing.
The housing cover protects the inner housing against dust and precipitation and mechanical damage on
the windows. The housing cover contains the opening for laser exit and laser entry. The partition in the
cover decouples the transmission area from the sensitive receiving area. An air baffle inside the cover
directs the airflow from both fans directly onto the glass windows of the inner housing.
The inner housing incorporates all the equipment needed to operate the CHM 15k. The cable feed-
throughs for data line, power supply and connection of the external fans are realized via cable glands.
For pressure equalization, the inner housing has a pressurization element with a GoreTex®membrane.
The upper end of the inner housing forms a two-part viewing window made of float glass. The windows
are inclined at the Brewster angle. This ensures low-loss laser light transmission and optimal self-cleaning
of the windows. The fan located at the rear of the device supports the cleaning of the windows: the fans
are switched on an hourly interval and in rain / snow. The fans are also used to remove heat from the
inner housing. The fans are serviced by a service technician via the removable rear panel of the CHM 15k.
The outer door allows access to the inner housing and the glass windows, e.g. for cleaning purposes.
Access to the interior of the inner housing is possible via the inner door. The outer and inner doors are
secured with different locking mechanisms. In this way, access to the interior of the inner housing by
cleaning personnel who have not been instructed in safety-related matters is excluded. The inner door
personnel.
Operating Manual CHM 15k R13 / 07-2019
Technical Description 12
4.2 Functional units of the inner housing
The functional units of the device are:
•Transmitting and receiving unit (measuring unit - LOM)
•Control board and related components
•Power supply 12 - 15 VDC for the electronics
•Transformer 48 VCD for fans
•Fan and temperature sensors
•Lightning and overvoltage protection device for power cable, LAN, RS485
The functional units are of modular design, fastened separately to the inner housing and can be
removed and replaced individually for servicing purposes.
4.2.1 Functional diagram
Figure 2 Functional chart, the numbers in brackets corresponds to the numbering in the spare parts list (provided in the
service manual or as an extra list).
Figure 2 clearly shows that the main controller is the central unit. The main controller controls and monitors
all device functions shown here and provides corresponding status values.
Operating Manual CHM 15k R13 / 07-2019
Technical Description 13
4.2.2 Function control and device status
Figure 3 Flow Chart - standard measuring cycle.
The functional control of the CHM 15k (measurement and evaluation) is performed by an FPGA and an
OMAP processor. The logging interval (not shown here) consist of multiple measuring cycles calculated
in the OMAP processor, while processes with higher time resolution of up to 1s time intervals are
processed in the FPGA.
Figure 3 shows the internal measurement cycle that takes place every second. The measured data and
the evaluation of the status parameters are checked after each measurement cycle. If the values are
outside the tolerances or there is a hardware error, the standard measurement cycle is reinitialized, and
an error message is generated and output.
However, there are parts that are read out and controlled with higher time resolution, such as the
temperature control or that run in the logging time interval, such as the evaluation of the window
contamination and the fan controller in case of precipitation.
The state of the receiver depends on the results of monitoring noise level, supply voltage and DC-current
with and without a test pulse. Due to its internal setup, the light source is essentially characterized by the
pulse repetition rate, which may decrease because of light source aging. The pulse rate is subject to
monitoring. For pulse rates below 4.5 kHz, an error message is generated. The light pulse reflection from
the window panel is also analyzed to monitor the window contamination. All obtained values are reported
in data telegrams and are part of the NetCDF files. In addition, there is a software watchdog to control
the firmware processes. Determined values and status values are output in the extended data telegram
and the NetCDF files. The standard message contains rough information about the status code (see 8.5).
Operating Manual CHM 15k R13 / 07-2019
Transport / Scope of Delivery 14
5
NOTICE
The device may be damaged if handled inappropriately.
The CHM 15k may only be transported and moved using suitable transport equipment and
lifting gear.
The CHM 15k may only be loaded and transported in the packed condition and in the transport
position (see Figure 5).
Inside the shipping container / truck, the CHM 15k must be adequately protected against
slipping, shock, or other mechanical impacts.
The scope of delivery includes:
•CHM 15k ceilometer
•Ring binder with documents
oDrilling template
oMechanical setup instruction
oElectrical setup instruction
oTest protocol
oList of serial numbers of build in components
oUser manual and USB stick with communication software
•Fastening components:
o4 dowels S12 (Fischer Co.)
o4 screws M10 x 140-ZN (DIN 571)
o4 washers ISO 7093-10.5-KST/PA
o4 washers ISO 7093-10.5-A2
On c:
•An adapter frame can be supplied, which allows the CHM 15k to be screwed to existing fastening
bolts.
•An angle adapter frame can be supplied, e. g. for 15° to tilt ceilometer away from direct sunlight.
Information about measuring units
Spanner / wrench for 4x M10 screws: 18 mm or 7/16 BSF or 3/8 Worth. A 3/8- or 25/64-
inch screw with appropriate anchors can be used instead of a M10 screw.
For further technical details, please contact G. Lufft GmbH.
Operating status of the CHM 15k on delivery
Transfer mode
1, automatic output of the standard data telegram
RS485 device number
16
Baud rate
9600
Measuring period
15 seconds
For detailed information on the operating statuses, see 8 Communication via RS485 & Ethernets
.
Operating Manual CHM 15k R13 / 07-2019
Installation 15
6
NOTICE
The operator of the CHM 15k is responsible for creating and dimensioning the foundation. The
foundation must be dimensioned so that it can cope with the permanent stress caused by the
weight of the equipment and external influences.
To prevent the ingress of dirt or moisture, the device must not be opened during installation and
commissioning.
15k ceilometer is installed on and fixed to a suitable concrete foundation. Integrated leveling
screws on the underside of the foot allow the device to be vertically aligned and thus facilitate the vertical
orientation of the measuring unit.
Install the CHM 15k in a protected outside area. Avoid radiation from strong light sources. The sun
trees and shrubs must be selected such that leaves, and needles do not reach the light emission
apertures of the device. When in 15k, the following minimum distances must be
observed:
- to radio devices 2.5 m
- 25 m
- between two ceilometers (optical interference possible) 10 m
6.1 Installing the CHM 15k
6.1.1 Preparatory work
15k requires an installation area of 50 x 50 cm. It must be stable, firmly installed and mounted
on an adequately sized concrete foundation. The inclination of the installation surface must not exceed 5
mm/m. Before installing the CHM 15k, holes must be drilled and dowels inserted in the concrete
foundation (ø 12 mm, 4 dowels are included in the delivery), in accordance with the drilling template (see
Figure 4).
connection box.
Figure 4 Drilling template.
1 Drilling template
2 Drill holes (ø 12 mm) for fixing
3 Possibility of electrical connection (connection box)
4 Opening direction of the exterior door
2
1
3
4
Operating Manual CHM 15k R13 / 07-2019
Installation 16
6.1.2 Installing on the foundation
CAUTION
The CHM 15k weighs 70 kg, heavy equipment may cause serious injury.
Do not attempt to move the CHM 15k without adequate help
At least two people are required to install the ceilometer
Install the CHM 15k ceilometer as follows:
Unload the CHM
15k from the transport equipment and set it down as close as possible to
the place of installation
Figure 5 CHM 15k packed and in transport position
Remove the packaging
Unscrew the side panels
Remove the side panels individually
Figure 6 CHM 15k with Styrofoam or paper honeycomb packing pads.
1 Here: Polystyrene packaging
2 CHM 15k
3 Pallet
Operating Manual CHM 15k R13 / 07-2019
Installation 17
Carefully lift the CHM 15k out of the polystyrene or paper honeycomb packaging by hand,
observing all safety regulations. (Lifting positions: Figure 7)
Figure 7 Lifting positions and handle protection (edge protection profile).
Onward transport options:
To carry: Grasp the equipment in the openings marked with arrows (Figure 7)
Hand truck: For greater distances to the concrete foundation (Figure 8)
NOTICE
When transporting with a hand truck, make sure that the CHM 15k is placed on the hand truck
with the exterior door facing downwards (see Figure 8)
A cushion (e. g. bubble wrap) should be placed between the CHM and the hand truck
Figure 8 Transport with hand truck.
Operating Manual CHM 15k R13 / 07-2019
Installation 18
Position the CHM 15k in the installation position (vertical) on the concrete foundation.
It is important to
connection box (see Figure 4)
Loosely pre-assemble the CHM 15k on the concrete foundation with the supplied washers
and fixing screws (see Figure 9)
Figure 9 Fixing elements.
1 Dowel S12
2 Leveling screw 5 mm (integrated into the base of the device)
3 Screw DIN 571-10 x 140-ZN
4 Washer ISO 7093-10.5-A2
5 Washer ISO 7093-10.5-KST/PA
6 Concrete foundation
Vertically align the CHM 15k using the levelling screws integrated into the base of the device
(with a spirit level: place on one side wall and on the front)
Tighten the fixing screws (nuts)
Remove the handle protection (edge protection profile) from above and secure in the base
for the next transport
Operating Manual CHM 15k R13 / 07-2019
Installation 19
6.2 Electrical installation
NOTICE
Incorrect installation may result in damage to the equipment.
The electrical connection of the CHM 15k may only be carried out by a qualified electrician of
G. Lufft GmbH or another qualified electrician.
Failure to comply will result in the loss of warranty and warranty claims.
The operator must meet all the requirements for connecting the CHM 15k ceilometer in
accordance with EN 61010-1, e. g. installation of a connection box
Figure 10 shows a schematic sketch of the electrical installation of the CHM 15k. The power supply (1)
to the device must be connected via an external mains switch (2) which needs to be easily accessible to
cut the power to the device when required. 15k and have a
pre-fuse according to cable cross- 6 A, B or C. The connection box should be installed at a
distance of < 3 m. An external lightning conductor (5) must be installed to protect the device from direct
lightning strikes. All connections to the device must be made according to the respective country-specific
regulations.
Figure 10 Schematic sketch of the electrical installation.
1 Power supply
2 Mains switch
3 Data connection
4 PC for remote access (via LAN, DSL, data connection can be a remote place)
5 Lightning conductor
WARNING
Touching live parts may result in electric shock, which will cause serious or fatal
injury.
Switch off the external circuit breaker before starting the installation and
secure against reconnection.
The electrical connections to the CHM15k are specified in more detail in Figure 11. Connect the mains
and data cables as shown in this figure. It is recommended to include external overvoltage protection in
all connections to the device to prevent damage to the connection box. Internal lightning protection is
provided in the device. The CHM 15k is connected via the following supplied cables:
Operating Manual CHM 15k R13 / 07-2019
Installation 20
1. 230 VAC supply cable (mains cable); color code: neutral conductor: blue, conductor: brown,
protective conductor: green-yellow; standard length 10 m.
OR
115 VAC supply cable (mains cable); color code: conductor: black, neutral conductor: white,
protective conductor: green / green yellow
Figure 11 Electrical installation.
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