Lunar DPX-IQ User manual

DPX-IQ ™
Operator’s Manual
Software Version: 4.6
Documentation Version: 1/99C
Part Number: 5970
LUNAR Corporate Headquarters
313 West Beltline Highway
Madison, WI 53713 USA
[phone]
[phone]
[phone] (Fax)
LUNAR Europe N.V.
avenue R. Vandendriessche, 18/9
1150 Brussels
Belgium
[phone]
[phone] (Fax)
LUNAR GmbH
Horbeller Strasse 33
D-50858 Köln
Germany
[phone]
[phone] (Fax)
LUNAR France
1, avenue d’Aix-en-Provence
13410 Lambesc
France
[phone]
[phone] (Fax)
LUNAR Asia/Pacific
54 Taylor Street
West Pennant Hills, NSW 2125
Australia
[phone]
[phone] (Fax)
Internet Address: http://www.lunarcorp.com

ii DPX-IQ Operator’s Manual
The information in this manual is subject to change without notice. You may use or copy the software described in this manual only in accordance with the terms of your
software license, product warranty, or service contract agreements.
No part of this publication may be reproduced for any purpose whatsoever, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, mechanical,
photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the express written permission of LUNAR.
LUNAR makes no warranty of any kind with regard to this material, and shall not be held liable for errors contained herein or for incidental or consequential damages
in connection with the furnishings or use of this manual.
Read this manual thoroughly before using the system or attempting to service any components. Unauthorized service may void system warranties or service contracts.
Consult the LUNAR Customer Support Department before attempting any service: 800-334-5831.
LUNAR, DPX, and DPX-IQ are registered trademarks of LUNAR Corporation. All other product and brand names are registered trademarks or trademarks of their
respective companies.
Copyright© 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999
Lunar Corporation, Madison, Wisconsin. All rights reserved.
Software License Agreement
I. Software License
This software has been provided for use on a specific LUNAR Corporation instrument. You assume responsibility for the selection of the program to achieve your
intended results, and for the installation, use, and results obtained from the program.
Lunar Corporation (“LUNAR”) grants you a non-exclusive, non-transferable license to use the computer software recorded on diskettes (“Programs”) delivered with a
specific LUNAR instrument as follows:
You may:
1. Use the Program diskettes only on the instrument designated by the system serial number on the diskette label.
2. Make one (1) copy of each Program solely for backup purposes, provided that you reproduce on a label secured to such backup copy the Program name,
system serial number, copyright notice and all other information identifying LUNAR’s ownership.
You may not:
1. Modify, reverse engineer, decompile, or disassemble any Program or any part thereof or merge any part of any Program into another computer program.
2. Rent, sell, sublicense, assign, or otherwise transfer the Programs to a third party. In the event the instrument designated for the Programs is sold or
otherwise transferred to a third party, that party is not authorized to use the Programs unless they first pay to LUNAR the applicable license fee and agree
in writing to be bound by the terms and conditions of the current LUNAR Software License Agreement.
II. Title
This license is not a sale of the Programs. Title to and all copyrights in the Programs and any copies made by you remain the sole property of LUNAR.
III. Term
This Agreement shall continue until terminated by you or automatically terminated. You may terminate at any time by returning the Programs and any copies thereof.
Any unauthorized copying of the Programs or failure to comply with the terms and conditions of this Agreement will result in automatic termination of Agreement.
IV. Software Limited Warranty
LUNAR warrants that, to the best of our knowledge, the Programs provided with this license will perform as described in the Operator’s Manual for this software. This
limited warranty is contingent upon proper use of the Programs and does not cover any Program which has been modified, subjected to unusual physical or electrical
stress, or used on computer equipment not specified by LUNAR.
LUNAR does not warrant that the functions contained in these Programs will meet your requirements, or that the operation of the Programs will be uninterrupted or
error-free. Statements made about this software do not constitute warranties and shall not be relied upon by the buyer in deciding whether to purchase these Programs.
In no event shall LUNAR be liable to you for any damages arising out of the use or inability to use such Programs.
The sole and exclusive remedy in the event of defect is expressly limited to the replacement of the diskette(s) provided. If failure of the diskette(s) has resulted
from accident or abuse, LUNAR shall have no responsibility to replace the diskette(s) without additional cost to the customer.
LUNAR will consider this warranty to be void if you fail to comply with the terms in the Software License Agreement or if the software is used on computer equipment
not specified by LUNAR.

DPX-IQ Operator’s Manual iii
General Product Warranty
LUNAR warrants that its products shall be free from defects in workmanship and materials and shall conform to published specifications for a period of one (1) year
from the date of installation under normal use as prescribed in the Operator’s Manual for the product. This warranty does not apply to any products which have been
subjected to neglect, accident or modification or any use other than specified as standard operating procedure in the manual.
LUNAR densitometers are designed to work with specific computer models and operating systems. Operating a LUNAR densitometer with a computer or operating
system that does not meet LUNAR’s specifications voids the product warranty and could significantly affect system performance. LUNAR assumes no liability for
system failures caused by the use of computers or operating systems that have not been specified by LUNAR.
LUNAR’s sole obligation to the Buyer for products failing to meet this warranty shall be, at LUNAR’s discretion, to repair or replace the nonconforming product or part.
Any item, repaired or replaced, shall be warranted for the remaining warranty period or thirty (30) days, whichever is longer.
LUNAR provides no other warranties, expressed or implied, including but not limited to any implied warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular
purpose, except as specifically provided in this warranty or as otherwise specifically stipulated in a written addendum.
In no event shall LUNAR be liable for loss of profits, indirect, special, consequential or other similar damages, arising out of any breach of this warranty.
LUNAR retains the right to void all warranties if payment is not received, as prescribed in the terms of purchase or lease.
General Product Information
The DPX-IQ bone densitometer is designed to estimate the bone mineral density of patients when medically indicated by their physicians. The User’s Manual provides
instructions for operating the software and scan table, system information, and maintenance information.
Variables Affecting Scan Results
Scan results can be affected by operator technique and patient variability:
• Operator technique refers to patient positioning and scan analysis. To minimize technique variables, 1) establish consistent positioning and scan analysis
routines by using anatomical landmarks when positioning patients, and 2) during analysis, manipulate raw scan data only when absolutely necessary.
• Patient variability refers to changes in the patient's medical history, metabolism, and diet. It also refers to diagnostic procedures that involve radionuclide
uptake and medical treatment, and the presence of external radiation (particularly the use of other radiation-generating devices in the vicinity of the
system). To minimize patient variability, 1) thoroughly familiarize yourself with the patient’s history, and 2) install the scanner in an environment
effectively shielded from other sources of external radiation.
Federal Law restricts this device to the sale, distribution, and use by or on the order of a physician.
Training Information
LUNAR or authorized LUNAR distributors provide individual, hands-on training as part of the installation procedure for your system. (LUNAR distributors provide
training for systems installed outside the United States.) An Applications Specialist provides information on software and hardware operations, and reviews the
warnings and cautions in this manual.
IMPORTANT: Only trained technologists should operate the system. New technologists should receive training prior to unsupervised operation of the
system. Additional training sessions are available on request for a nominal fee. For more information, contact the LUNAR Customer Support
Department at 800-334-5831, or your local LUNAR distributor.
Cautions for DEXA Determinations
You should be aware of the following factors which may affect the clinical accuracy of DEXA spine estimates: marked distortions of skeletal architecture—e.g.,
osteophytes, degenerative disc disease, spinal arthritis, spondylolisthesis, kyphoscoliosis, and vertebral fractures—and significant calcium deposits in the aorta can
falsely elevate spine bone mineral values. Regions that contain these dystrophic calcifications can be excluded from the scan analysis in some cases. The scanner can be
used to monitor changes in bone mineral over time in patients with these disorders, but caution must be taken in interpretation. Use DEXA estimates as an aid to other
methods in the evaluation of patient bone mineral status in the clinical setting.
In addition, spine estimates will be difficult to interpret for patients with orthopedic metal devices and previous surgical interventions, such as laminectomy and bone
grafts. Radiographic contrast material and radiopharmaceuticals used for myelograms, barium enemas, and other diagnostic tests prevent accurate estimates. Barium
clears the body within a few days, but the oil-based dyes used in myelograms several years ago may remain within the body for years. A three-day waiting period is
sufficient time for barium and most radiopharmaceuticals to be completely discharged from the body.
Femur estimates usually are not affected by most of the above mentioned factors for the spine. The most common complicating factors for femur estimates are prosthetic
devices and surgical implants in the region of the bone scan. Results may be adversely affected if the patient has difficulty with the desired 25° inward rotation of the leg
or with maintaining this position without movement.
Total Body estimates require consistent patient positioning for accurate results. The operator should pay particular attention to the location of the patient's arms, keeping
the positioning the same for each scan. Results may be affected if the patient moves during the scan.

iv DPX-IQ Operator’s Manual
Precautions for Daily Operation
• Do not attempt to operate the scanner without first reading this manual.
• Do not remove the assembly panels or attempt any repairs without prior instructions from authorized LUNAR personnel.
• Do not sit or lie on the scan table for purposes other than scanning.
• Perform the Quality Assurance procedure each morning. If any test fails, rerun the entire QA procedure. If a test fails again, contact the LUNAR Customer
Support Department. Also, call LUNAR if more than two failures occur in a one-week period.
• If the patient is or might be pregnant, always contact the patient’s physician before performing a scan.
• Remain in the room with the patient while a scan is in progress.
• Restrict access to the room to authorized personnel.
• Do not attempt to service any of the system’s electrical components while the scan table is turned ON. High voltage is used to produce x-rays.
• Read chapter 1 of this manual for radiation safety information.
•To stop the scanner in an emergency, press the emergency stop button on the scan arm. DO NOT use the emergency stop button to routinely abort a scan.
Using the DPX-IQ Operator’s Manual
Use this manual to help you complete daily acquisition and analysis procedures.
Chapter 1–System Overview gives scanner components, scanner safety information, and basic maintenance procedures.
Chapter 2–Basic Procedures gives procedures to complete common tasks. It gives an overview of key functions and the DPX-IQ interface, and basic acquisition and
analysis information.
Chapter 3–Quality Assurance gives procedures to complete Quality Assurance tests and pass/fail criteria for the tests.
Chapter 4–Default Settings gives procedures to set default settings for the program.
Appendixes A thru G give information to complete acquisition and analysis for each scan type: A (AP Spine), B (Femur), C (Lateral Spine), D (Total Body), E
(Forearm), F (Hand), and G (Orthopedic Hip). Appendix H (Specifications) gives technical specification information for the DPX-IQ system. Appendix I (Comparison
to Reference Population) gives reference data information, and appendix J (Precision and Accuracy) gives precision and accuracy information for the DPX-IQ scanner.
Supplemental Information
If you purchased Small Animal, Pediatric, DICOM, or Report Generator software options, a supplement for each option is delivered with your DPX-IQ scanner.

Declaration of Conformity
Manufacturer: Lunar Corporation
313 West Beltline Highway
Madison, WI 53713
USA
European Representative: Lunar Europe
Avenue R. Vandendriessche 18/9
3078 Everburg
Belgium
Product Description: DPX Series Bone Densitometers
(Includes DPX, DPX-MD, DPX-IQ
DPX+, DPX-alpha, DPX-L)
We hereby declare that the above described product conforms to the requirements
of the European Council Directive 93/42/EEC, Medical Devices Directive,
Annex II. This declaration is based on our Notified Body’s conformity assessment
and certification of this site’s quality system in accordance with the requirements
of 93/42/EEC, Annex II.
Report Number: E 9713748 E 01
Issued by: TUV Rheinland
Date 16.12.97
Kenneth D. Buroker Date
Director, Regulatory Affairs

vi DPX-IQ Operator’s Manual
This page left blank intentionally.

DPX-IQ Operator’s Manual Table of Contents vii
Table of Contents
Chapter 1: System Overview
1.1 Scan Table Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-1
Scan Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-2
Scan Arm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-2
Control Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-2
1.2 System Safety. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-3
1.2.1 Operator Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-3
Personnel Monitors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-3
X-ray Shutter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-3
X-ray Power Supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-3
1.2.2 Patient Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-4
Pinch Points . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-4
Laser Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-4
Radiation Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-5
1.2.3 Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-6
1.2.4 Labels. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-8
1.2.5 Emergency Stop Button and Failsafe Circuit. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-9
Emergency Stop Button . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-9
Failsafe Circuit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-9
1.2.6 Registration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-9
1.2.7 Facilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-10
1.2.8 Electrical Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-10
1.2.9 Scattered Radiation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-10
1.3 System Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-13
1.3.1 Clean the Scan Table Environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-13
1.3.2 Archive Scan Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-13
1.3.3 Test the Emergency Stop Button . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-13
1.4 Preventive Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-14
1.4.1 X-ray Tube and Laser Assemblies. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-14
1.4.2 Daily Quality Assurance Procedure. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-14
1.4.3 Weekly Quality Assurance Test. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-14
Chapter 2: Basic Procedures
2.1 The DPX-IQ Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-1
2.1.1 Options Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-1
2.1.2 Common Keys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-2
2.2 Start the DPX-IQ Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-3
2.3 Basic Acquisition Procedures. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-3
2.3.1 Patient Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-3
2.3.2 Basic Steps for Image Acquisition. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-4
Step 1: Select Scan Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-4
Step 2: Add a Patient or Select a Patient . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-4
Step 3: Position the Patient . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-4
Step 4: Locate Scan Start Position . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-4
Step 5: Scan the Patient . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-4

viii Table of Contents DPX-IQ Operator’s Manual
2.3.3 Add Patient or Select Patient . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-5
Optional Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-5
2.3.4 Update Mandatory Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-5
2.3.5 Stop a Scan Image Acquisition. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-6
Start a New Scan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-6
End the Scan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-6
Continue the Scan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-6
2.4 Basic Analysis Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-6
2.4.1 Select Patient Scan File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-7
2.4.2 Adjust the Scan Image . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-7
Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-7
Filtering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-7
Interpolation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-7
Scaling Factor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-7
Centering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-7
Grey Scale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-8
2.4.3 Analyze the Scan Image . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-8
2.4.4 Print Analysis Results. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-8
Examine Analysis Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-8
Print a DICOM Report (optional) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-9
2.5 Patient Trending . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-9
2.5.1 Chronological Results Screen Options. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-10
2.5.2 Graph and Print Patient Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-10
2.6 Archive Scan Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-11
2.6.1 Procedure to Archive Patient Scan Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-11
Change Archive Destination and Directory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-12
Chapter 3: Quality Assurance
3.1 Quality Assurance Tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1
3.1.1 Complete a QA Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1
3.1.2 Collimation Ratio Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3
3.1.3 Quality Assurance Warning Messages. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3
No Valid QA Results within the Past 48 Hours . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3
No Valid QA Results within the Past 2 Weeks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4
3.2 Spine Phantom Quality Assurance Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4
3.2.1 Scan the Spine Phantom . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4
3.2.2 Analyze the Spine Phantom . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-7
3.3 Monitor Precision Over Time. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-8
Chapter 4: Default Settings
4.1 Print Manager . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1
4.1.1 Print Manager Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1
4.1.2 Set the Delayed Print Time. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-2
4.1.3 Choose a Printer and Active Port . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-2
4.2 General Default Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3
4.2.1 Report Heading. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3
4.2.2 Miscellaneous Defaults . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3
Patient ID Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3
Height/Weight Units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-4
Date Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-4
Full Name on a Printout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-4
Report Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-4

DPX-IQ Operator’s Manual Table of Contents ix
Display Country Field . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-4
Database Mini-Menus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-4
Display Line Profiles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-4
Show Selected ROI Only . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-5
Standardized BMD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-5
Vertebral Height Z-Score . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-5
4.2.3 Printout Display Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-5
Young Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-5
Age Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-5
Normals Graph Color Bars . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-5
Normals Graph Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-5
Apply Weight Adjustments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-7
Apply Ethnic Origin Adjustments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-7
Age Regression Line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-7
Bar 1 and Bar 2 Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-7
4.3 Select Language. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-9
4.4 Select Reference Population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-9
Appendix A: AP Spine Image Acquisition and Analysis
A.1 AP Spine Image Acquisition. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-1
A.2 AP Spine Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-3
A.3 Analysis Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-6
A.3.1 Examine Labels and Intervertebral Space Markers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-6
Examine Labels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-6
Examine Intervertebral Space Markers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-6
A.3.2 Examine Baseline and Edge Markers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-7
The Line Profile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-7
Examine Baselines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-8
Examine Edge Markers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-9
A.3.3 Complete a Body ROI Analysis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-10
Appendix B: Femur Acquisition and Analysis
B.1 Femur Image Acquisition. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-1
B.2 Acquisition Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-5
B.2.1 Position Rice Bags . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-5
B.2.2 Monitor the Scan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-5
B.2.3 DualFemur™ Acquisition. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-6
Abort a DualFemur™ Acquisition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-6
B.3 Femur Image Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-6
B.4 Analysis Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-9
B.4.1 Insufficient Tissue Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-9
B.4.2 Examine Neck ROI Position . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-9
Correct Neck ROI Position . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-9
Position the Neck ROI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-10
Appendix C: Lateral Spine Image Acquisition and Analysis
C.1 Lateral Spine Image Acquisition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-1
C.2 Install the Lateral Positioner . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-4
C.3 Lateral Spine Image Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-4
C.4 Analysis Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-7
C.4.1 Lateral Body ROIs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-7

xTable of Contents DPX-IQ Operator’s Manual
C.4.2 Label Body ROIs and Examine Space Markers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-7
Label Body ROIs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-7
Examine Space Markers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-8
C.4.3 Examine Edge Markers and Lateral Body ROIs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-9
Examine Edge Markers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-9
Examine Lateral Body ROIs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-10
Appendix D: Total Body Image Acquisition and Analysis
D.1 Total Body Image Acquisition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-1
D.2 Total Body Image Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-3
D.2.1 Tissue Quantitation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-6
Tissue Quantitation Results Printout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-6
D.3 Analysis Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-7
D.3.1 Position Cuts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-7
D.3.2 Standard and Extended Research Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-8
Appendix E: Forearm Image Acquisition and Analysis
E.1 Forearm Image Acquisition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E-1
E.2 Acquisition Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E-3
E.2.1 Measure the Forearm Length . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E-3
E.2.2 Record the Scan Length . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E-4
E.2.3 Position the Forearm Positioner . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E-4
Forearm Position . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E-5
E.3 Forearm Image Analysis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E-5
E.4 Analysis Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E-8
E.4.1 Examine Bone and ROI Labels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E-8
Change Bone Labels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E-8
Change Region Labels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E-8
E.4.2 Examine Baseline and Edge Markers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E-8
Examine Baselines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E-9
Examine Edge Markers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E-9
E.4.3 Examine ROI Position . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E-10
E.4.4 Examine ROI Heights. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E-10
Ultradistal ROI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E-10
33% ROI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E-10
5mm ROI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E-11
10% ROI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E-11
Total ROI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E-12
Appendix F: Hand Image Acquisition and Analysis
F.1 Hand Image Acquisition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F-1
F.2 Hand Image Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F-3
Appendix G: Orthopedic Hip Image Acquisition and Analysis
G.1 Orthopedic Hip Image Acquisition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . G-1
G.2 Orthopedic Hip Image Analysis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . G-4
G.3 Analysis Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . G-6
G.3.1 Edge Markers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . G-6
The Line Profile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . G-7
Examine Edge Markers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . G-7
G.3.2 Examine Reference Point . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . G-8

DPX-IQ Operator’s Manual Table of Contents xi
G.3.3 Examine Standard Analysis ROIs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . G-9
G.3.4 Examine Gruen Analysis ROIs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . G-10
Modified Gruen Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . G-11
G.3.5 Extended Gruen Analysis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . G-11
G.3.6 Offset, Perimeter, and Rim Options. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . G-12
Set an Offset Value . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . G-12
Set a Perimeter Value . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . G-12
Set a Rim Value . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . G-13
G.3.7 Histograms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . G-13
Longitudinal Histogram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . G-13
Transverse Histogram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . G-13
Appendix H: Specifications
H.1 Space Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H-1
H.2 Component Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H-2
H.2.1 Printer. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H-2
H.2.2 Other Output Devices. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H-2
H.2.3 Scan Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H-3
H.3 Functional Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H-3
H.3.1 General Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H-3
H.3.2 Maximum Scan Area (Long x Transverse) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H-3
H.3.3 Programs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H-4
H.4 Environmental Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H-4
H.5 Power Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H-5
H.5.1 Leakage Current. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H-5
H.5.2 Scan Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H-5
H.6 X-ray Generator Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H-5
H.6.1 X-ray Generator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H-5
H.6.2 LUNAR 8022 X-ray Tube . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H-7
H.6.3 LUNAR 2288 X-ray Tube Head Assembly. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H-8
H.6.4 Laser Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H-9
H.7 Compatible Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H-10
Appendix I: Comparison to Reference Population
I.1 Reference Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I-1
I.2 Reference Population Database . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I-2
I.3 Age Adjustment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I-7
I.4 Weight Adjustment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I-8
I.4.1 %Young Adult . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I-8
I.5 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I-9
Appendix J: Precision and Accuracy
J.1 Precision. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .J-1
J.2 Accuracy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .J-3
J.3 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .J-5

xii Table of Contents DPX-IQ Operator’s Manual

DPX-IQ Operator’s Manual System Overview 1-1
Chapter 1 Contents
1.1 Scan Table Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1
1.2 System Safety. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3
1.3 System Maintenance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-13
1.4 Preventive Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-14
Revised 1/99C
Chapter 1:System Overview
1.1 Scan Table Assembly
NOTE: DO NOT attempt servicing the scan table assembly. Please call the
LUNAR Customer Support Department or your LUNAR distributor.
Figure 1-1 shows the basic components of the scan table assembly: ➊scan table;
➋ scan arm; ➌control panel and ➍power switch.
Figure 1-1. DPX-IQ scanner assembly
DPX-IQ
R
R
➋
➌
➊
➍
1System Overview

1-2 System Overview DPX-IQ Operator’s Manual
Scan Table
Use the scan table to position the patient during an image acquisition. In addition, the
x-ray source assembly and other electronics are contained inside the scan table.
Scan Arm
A laser light emitted from an aperture below the scan arm is used to locate the scan
start position for the detector. Position switches (given below) let you move the scan
arm until the laser light is located at the scan start position. The detector position is
different for each scan type.
Control Panel
NOTE: The control panel is the scan arm control panel and the computer
monitor.
The position switches, status lights, and emergency stop button are on the control
panel (figure 1-2).
Figure 1-2. Scan arm control panel
•Position switches: The position switches move the scan arm and laser light to
the scan start position. The Back/Front switch moves the detector across the
width of the scan table. The Left/Right switch moves the scan arm down the
length of the scan table.
•Emergency Stop button: Use the red Emergency Stop button to stop the
scanner for emergencies.
•Status lights: The table below gives a description of the status lights.
Light Status (on)
Green (power) Power is supplied to the scan table.
Amber (x-ray) X-ray tube assembly is supplying x-rays.
Amber (shutter) Shutter is open.
Yellow (laser) Laser is on.
EMERGENCY
STOP POWER X-RAY SHUTTER LASER
Back
Front
Left Right
DPX-IQ
R

DPX-IQ Operator’s Manual System Overview 1-3
1.2 System Safety
Adhere to the safety precautions in this section and obey the basic safety guidelines
that follow at all times:
•Do not attempt to service the DPX-IQ scanner. Please call LUNAR Customer
Support or your LUNAR Distributor.
•When the scan table is not in use, make sure the Shutter Open light is off.
•Do not put excessive pressure on the scan arm.
•Use the scan table for image acquisition only; do not sit or lie on the scan table
for other purposes.
•Do not let liquids touch the computer or scan table mechanics and electronics.
1.2.1 Operator Safety
Personnel Monitors
Personnel monitors are not necessary to operate the laser.
It is not likely that you can receive more than 25% of the maximum permissible
x-ray dose from the DPX-IQ scanner. However, some facilities choose to use
personnel monitors. Refer to your city, county or state Health Department or
Radiation Safety Officer for your facility’s policy.
Film badges and thermal luminescent dosimeter (TLD) badges to monitor personnel
are obtained from a supplier accredited by the National Voluntary Laboratory
Accreditation Program for personnel dosimetry processing.
X-ray Shutter
When power to the scan table is interrupted during an image acquisition or Quality
Assurance procedure, the shutter closes and the x-ray tube stops supplying
x-radiation.
X-ray Power Supply
The x-ray tube assembly uses high voltage to supply x-rays. DO NOT touch internal
components when the scan table is on. DO NOT attempt to service
internal components.

1-4 System Overview DPX-IQ Operator’s Manual
1.2.2 Patient Safety
Pinch Points
Warning labels identify the location of pinch points (figure 1-3). When the scan arm is
in motion, make sure pinch points are clear at all times. Patient limbs must remain
inside the boundaries of the table top:
➊A pinch point is made between the scan arm and the scan table.
➋At the end of a Lateral Spine acquisition, a pinch point can be made between the
patient’s legs and scan arm.
➌The scan arm makes a pinch point on both ends of the scan table.
Figure 1-3. Pinch points
Laser Safety
DO NOT STARE INTO THE LASER BEAM during image acquisition and Quality
Assurance procedures. The label that follows is located on the scan arm and shows the
location of the laser aperture.
!
!
!
!
!
➌
➊
➋
Laser Aperture
Laser Aperture
p/n 3651
Rev.A

DPX-IQ Operator’s Manual System Overview 1-5
Radiation Safety
There are three types of radiation exposure: exposure to X-ray beam radiation,
scattered radiation, and leakage radiation.
•X-ray Radiation Exposure: Only the patient receives direct exposure to the X-
ray beam. Refer to table 1-1. The system makes radiation when electric voltage
is supplied to, and current flows through, the x-ray tube. During a scan, the
shutter opens to let a narrow beam of radiation pass through the scan table and
patient. The size of the radiation field at the table top is less than 4.0 mm in
diameter.
•Scattered Radiation Exposure: The primary source of radiation exposure to
the operator is scattered radiation. The isodose diagrams in section 1.2.9 show
typical radiation patterns caused by x-rays scattered from a patient’s body.
Operator exposure at one meter from the x-ray tube is less than 1 µGy/hr. The
average annual per capita background exposure in the U.S. is 1,400–3,000 µGy.
Currently, most areas require sufficient shielding to reduce exposure to the
general population to less than 5,000 µGy/year. Several areas have recently
adopted a more conservative limit of 1,000 µGy/year. The typical radiation
exposure from an AP chest film is 300 µGy. Use these values to compare the
relative risk of the bone densitometer.
The estimated yearly scattered radiation dose for the operator is approximately
<166.67 µGy per year. This assumes an estimated 10 patients per day, 2 scans
per patient, and average time of 2 minutes per scan, and 50 weeks per year, with
the operator 1 meter or more from the table. 166.67 µGy is approximately ½the
typical exposure from an AP chest film.
•Leakage Radiation Exposure: Lead oxide shielding surrounds the x-ray tube
insert inside the tube housing assembly and reduces radiation levels around the
scan table. The leakage radiation from the x-ray tube assembly is low.
Table 1-1 shows DPX-IQ scan modes and related kV and current settings. In addition,
typical scan areas, irradiation times, and current time product are given. Only typical
values are given for these parameters because the use of automatic scan (DPX-IQ
SmartScan™) width values vary between patients to make sure minimum patient
exposure occurs. The skin entrance exposure is given for each scan mode.
NOTE: The typical scan times shown in the Mode window can be different
than those shown in table 1-1 because of different Scan Width and
Scan Length settings.
Table1-1: Current, kV, and exposure information for DPX-IQ scan modes.
Scan Mode1kV Current
(mA)2
Typical Scan
Area
(cm x cm)4
Typical
Irradiation
Times (sec)3,4
Typical Current
Time Product
(mAs)
Skin
Entrance
Exposure
(µ
µµ
µGy)
Sample
Size
AP Spine Hi Res Fast 76 3.00 12 x 15 110 330 24 0.6 x1.2
AP Spine Hi Res Medium 76 3.00 12 x 15 210 630 48 0.6 x 1.2
AP Spine Hi Res Medium 76 0.75 12 x 15 210 158 12 0.6 x 1.2

1-6 System Overview DPX-IQ Operator’s Manual
1All modes are 76kV, ±3kV.
2All mA ±48µA, all modes.
3Imaging time measured from shutter open to shutter close, 90 to 100% of indicated value.
4Size of scan area and irradiation time will vary with actual area scanned due to the automatic scan width feature.
1.2.3 Symbols
The symbols that follow are located on the scanner and give important
safety information.
Attention: shows the Operator’s Manual contains important safety
information such as the location of pinch point.
Emergency Stop Button: shows the location of the
emergency stop button.
Femur Hi-Res Fast 76 3.00 12 x 14 130 390 24 0.6 x 1.2
Femur Hi-Res Fast Medium 76 3.00 12 x 14 220 660 48 0.6 x 1.2
Femur Hi-Res Fast Medium 76 0.75 12 x 14 220 165 12 0.6 x 1.2
Lateral Spine Medium 76 3.00 12 x 12 270 810 77 1.2 x 1.2
Total Body Screening 76 0.15 54 x 150 290 44 0.1 4.8 x 19.2
Total Body Fast 76 0.15 54 x 150 580 87 0.2 4.8 x 9.6
Total Body Medium 76 0.15 54 x 150 1160 174 0.3 4.8 x 9.6
Hand Detail 76 0.15 3.8 x 4.3 450 68 1.2 1.2 x 1.4
Forearm Medium Total 76 0.15 8 x 11.5 440 66 2.4 0.6 x 0.6
Forearm Medium Shaft 76 0.15 8 x 2 80 12 2.4 0.6 x 0.6
Forearm Medium Distal 76 0.15 8 x 4.9 190 29 2.4 0.6 x 0.6
Ortho Hip Fast 76 3.00 10 x 20 260 780 48 0.6 x 1.2
Ortho Hip Fast 76 3.00 10 x 10 260 780 96 0.6 x 0.6
Ortho Hip Medium 76 3.00 10 x 20 490 1470 96 0.6 x 1.2
Ortho Hip Medium 76 3.00 10 x 10 480 1440 192 0.6 x 0.6
Ortho Hip Slow 76 0.75 10 x 20 940 705 48 0.6 x 1.2
Ortho Hip Slow 76 0.75 10 x 10 930 698 96 0.6 x 0.6
Table1-1: Current, kV, and exposure information for DPX-IQ scan modes. (continued)
Scan Mode1kV Current
(mA)2
Typical Scan
Area
(cm x cm)4
Typical
Irradiation
Times (sec)3,4
Typical Current
Time Product
(mAs)
Skin
Entrance
Exposure
(µ
µµ
µGy)
Sample
Size

DPX-IQ Operator’s Manual System Overview 1-7
Power On: shows the location of the Power On light.
Laser On: shows the location of the Laser On light. It is found only on
systems delivered internationally.
Shutter Closed: appears on the screen before acquisition while the
X-ray shutter is closed; at the same time, the Shutter open light on the
scan arm control panel is off. When this symbol appears with a green
background, the scanner is ready to begin the acquisition. A gray
background indicates that the shutter is closed and fully disabled and the
shutter will not be opened with the next keystroke.
Shutter Open: shows the location of the Shutter Open light on the scan
arm control panel. When this light is on, the X-ray shutter is open, and
this symbol also appears on the screen with a yellow background. The
shutter is open whenever the scanner is performing a quality control or
patient measurement.
X-ray Off/X-ray Source: appears on the screen while X-rays are off and
not being generated; at the same time, the X-ray On light on the scan arm
control panel is off. When this symbol appears with a green background,
the scanner is ready to begin making X-rays. A gray background
indicates that the source is fully disabled and X-rays will not be started
with the next keystroke. This symbol is also on the Tube Head Assembly
label with X-ray source information; refer to section 1.2.4.
X-ray On: shows the location of the X-ray On light on the scan arm
control panel. When this light is on, this symbol also appears with a
yellow background on the screen, indicating that the scanner is making
X-rays. During normal operation, the scanner will begin making X-rays
for a short period of time before the shutter is open and measurements
begin.
Type B Equipment: shows that the scanner has Type B protection
against electrical shock.
Laser Caution: shows that the scanner uses a Class II laser. It
is found on systems delivered in the United States.
CAUTION
LASER RADIATION
DO NOT STARE INTO BEAM
POWER OUTPUT: 1.00mW MAX.
WAVELENGTH: 670nm
CLASS II LASER PRODUCT
This equipment complies with
21 CFR 1040.10 and 1040.11.

1-8 System Overview DPX-IQ Operator’s Manual
1.2.4 Labels
Tube Head Assembly Label: This label gives tube head
assembly and x-ray source characteristics information. It
is located on the tube head assembly and the foot panel of
the scanner.
A definition of each symbol on this label follows:
Inherent Filtration
Tube Insert
X-ray Source
Focal Point
System Label: This label gives
system input power requirements and compliance
information. It is located on the foot panel of scanners.
The CE mark shows compliance with the Medical
Device Directive
93/42/EEC.
High Voltage Power Supply: This label gives high
voltage power supply (x-ray generator) information. It
is located on the positive and negative power supplies
and the foot panel of the scanner.
X-ray Controller: This label shows x-ray controller
compliance. It is located on the system computer if
LUNAR shipped a computer with the scanner.
Collimator Assembly: This label gives collimator
assembly information. It is located on the collimator
and foot panel of the scanner.
p/n 5531 Rev.D
For USA: Complies with Radiation Performance
Standards in 21 USCFR Subchapter J
DPX-series X-Ray Tube Housing Assembly
Corp. Madison, WI USA
Tube Housing Assembly Insert
76 kV 76 kV
NOMINAL VOLTAGE:
MANUFACTURED
S/N:
MODEL:
MANUFACTURER:
3.2mm Al/70kV
IEC 522/1976
.5mm
.5mm
!
R
Corp.
MDL
SN
Made in U.S.A. Patent Pending
p/n 7260 Rev. A
115V~
230V~
100V~
50-60 Hz
10A
240V~
50-60 Hz
7.5A
313 West Beltline Hwy.
Madison, WI 53713 USA
For USA: Complies with Radiation Performance
Standards in 21 USCFR Subchapter J
p/n 5532 Rev. B
MANUFACTURED:
S/N:
MANUFACTURER:
MODEL:
Corp. Madison, WI USA
R
DPX series High Voltage Power Supply
TYPE:
LUNAR Corp. - Madison, WI USA
DPX Series / EXPERT
X-Ray Controller
MODEL:
S/N:
MANUFACTURED:
Complies with Radiation Performance
Standards in 21 USCFR Subchapter J
P/N 3204 Rev. D
LUNAR P/N:
XRC1
DPX series
Collimator Assembly
MODEL S/N
MANUFACTURED
For USA:
Complies with
Radiation
Performance
Standards in 21
USCFR
Subchapter J
R
Corp.Madison, WI USA
p/n 5533, Rev. B