MaxStream XBee-PRO PKG-R RS-232 RF User manual

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XBee-PRO PKG-R™ RS-232 RF Modem
XBee-PRO RS-232 RF Modem
RF Modem Operation
RF Modem Configuration
Appendices
Product Manual v1.0
For XBee-PRO RF Modem Part Numbers: XBP24-PKI-...-R...
ZigBee™/IEEE®802.15.4 RF Modems by MaxStream, Inc.
M100280
2005.08.10

XBee‐PROPKG‐R™RS‐232RFModem–ProductManualv1.0
©2005MaxStream,Inc.Confidential&Proprietary ii
© 2005 MaxStream, Inc. All rights reserved
Nopartofthecontentsofthismanualmaybetransmittedorreproducedinany
formorbyanymeanswithoutthewrittenpermissionofMaxStream,Inc.
XBee‐PROPKG‐R™isatrademarkofMaxStream,Inc.
ZigBee™isaregisteredtrademarkoftheZigBeeAlliance.
TechnicalSupport:Phone:(801)765‐9885
LiveChat:www.maxstream.net
E‐mail:rf‐[email protected]

Contents
XBee‐PROPKG‐R™RS‐232RFModem–ProductManualv1.0
©2005MaxStream,Inc.Confidential&Proprietary iii
1. XBee-PRO RS-232 RF Modem 4
1.1. Features Overview 4
1.1.1. Worldwide Acceptance 4
1.2. Specifications 5
1.3. Physical Interface 6
2. Interfacing Protocol 7
2.1. RS-232 Operation 7
2.1.1. Pin Signals 7
2.1.2. Wiring Diagrams 8
3. RF Modem Operation 9
3.1. Serial Communications 9
3.1.1. RS-232 Data Flow 9
3.1.2. Host and RF Modem Settings 9
3.1.3. Flow Control 10
3.2. Modes of Operation 11
3.2.1. Sleep Mode 11
3.2.2. Command Mode 13
3.3. Networking Modes 14
3.3.1. Addressing Overview 14
3.3.2. Unicast Mode 14
3.3.3. Broadcast Mode 14
4. RF Modem Configuration 15
4.1. Programming the RF Modem 15
4.1.1. Programming Examples 15
4.2. XBee-PRO Command Reference Table 16
4.3. XBee-PRO Command Descriptions 17
Appendix A: Agency Certifications 23
FCC Certification (pending) 23
OEM Labeling Requirements 23
FCC Notices 23
European Certification (pending) 24
OEM Labeling Requirements 24
Restrictions 24
Declarations of Conformity 24
Appendix B: Additional Information 25
1-Year Warranty 25
Ordering Information 25
Contact MaxStream 26

XBee‐PROPKG‐R™RS‐232RFModem–ProductManualv1.0
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1.XBee‐PRORS‐232RFModem
The XBee-PRO RS-232 RF Modem is a ZigBee/IEEE 802.15.4 compliant solu-
tion that has RS-232 interfacing built-in to its design. Out-of-box, the
modem is equipped to sustain excellent range (2-3x the range of standard
ZigBee modems) and requires no additional configuration for immediate RF
communications.
The modem transfers a standard asynchronous serial data stream between
two or more devices. Simply feed data into one modem, then the data is
sent out the other end of the wireless link. Its built-in RS-232 interface
allows for rapid integration into existing data systems.
1.1. Features Overview
High Performance, Low Cost
Range
• Indoor/Urban: up to 300’ (100m)
• Outdoor line-of-sight: up to 4000’ (300m)
Transmit Power: 100 mW (20dBm) EIRP
(with 2.1 dB antenna)
Receiver Sensitivity: -100 dBm
RF Data Rate: 250,000 bps
Advanced Networking & Security
Retries and Acknowledgements
DSSS (Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum)
13 direct sequence channels, each with over
65,000 unique network addresses available
Point-to-point, point-to-multipoint
and peer-to-peer topologies supported
Unicast and Broadcast Modes supported
128-bit Encryption (downloadable firmware
version coming soon)
Self-routing/Self-healing mesh networking
(downloadable firmware version coming soon)
Low Power
Power Currents
• Receive Current: 80 mA
• Transmit Current: 300 mA
• Power-down Current: < 2 mA
Easy-to-Use
No configuration necessary for out-of box
RF communications
Free X-CTU Software
(Testing and configuration software)
Built-in RS-232 interfacing
Small form factor
Network compatible with other
ZigBee/802.15.4 devices
Free & Unlimited Technical Support
1.1.1. Worldwide Acceptance
FCC Approval PENDING (USA) Refer to Appendix A [p23] for FCC Requirements.
Systems that include XBee-PRO RF Modems inherit MaxStream’s FCC Certifications.
ISM (Industrial, Scientific & Medical) 2.4 GHz frequency band
Manufactured under ISO 9001:2000 registered standards
XBee-PRO RF Modems are optimized for use in US, Canada, Australia, Israel and
Europe (contact MaxStream for complete list of approvals).

XBee‐PROPKG‐R™RS‐232RFModem–ProductManualv1.0
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1.2. Specifications
Table1‐01. SpecificationsoftheXBee‐PROPKG‐RRS‐232RFModem
Specification XBee-PRO RS-232 RF Modem
Performance
Indoor/Urban Range (w/ 2.1 dB dipole antenna) up to 300’ (100 m)
Outdoor/Urban Range (w/ 2.1 dB dipole antenna) up to 4000’ (1200 m)
Transmit Power Output 60 mW, 100 mw (20 dBm) EIRP
Receiver Sensitivity -100 dBm (1% packet error rate)
Interface Data Rate 1200 - 115200 bps (non-standard baud rates also supported)
RF Data Rate 250,000 bps
Networking & Security
Frequency ISM 2.4 GHz
Modulation DSSS (Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum),
OQPSK (Offset Quadrature Phase Shift Keying)
Supported Network Topologies Point-to-point, Point-to-Multipoint, Peer-to-Peer & Mesh (coming soon)
Number of Channels (software selectable) 13 Direct Sequence Channels
Addressing Layers PAN ID, Channel & Source/Destination Addresses
Antenna
Connector RPSMA (reverse polarity SMA)
Impedance 50 ohms unbalanced
Power Requirements
Power Supply 5 - 14 V
Receive Current 80 mA
Transmit Current 300 mA
(Average current when streaming data (@9600bps) = 86 mA)
Power-down Current < 2 mA
Physical Properties
Size 4.500” x 2.750” x 1.125” (11.4cm x 7.0cm x 2.9cm)
Weight 5.25 oz. (150 g)
Data Connection Female DB-9
Operating Temperature -40 - 85º C (Industrial)
Certifications (partial list)
FCC Part 15.247 pending
Industry Canada pending
Europe pending

XBee‐PROPKG‐R™RS‐232RFModem–ProductManualv1.0
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1.3. Physical Interface
1-01a. Reset Switch
Figure1‐01. FrontView The Reset Switch is used to reset (re-boot) the XBee-PRO RS-232 RF
modem. This switch only applies when using the configuration tabs of
MaxStream’s X-CTU Software.
1-01b. I/O & Power LEDs
LEDs indicate RF modem activity as follows:
Yellow (top LED) = Serial Data Out (to host)
Green (middle) = Serial Data In (from host)
Red (bottom) = Power/TX Indicator (LED is on when RF
modem is powered)
1-01c. Serial Port
Standard female DB-9 (RS-232) connector.
1-01d. RSSI LEDs
RSSI LEDs indicate the amount of fade margin present in an active
wireless link. Fade margin is defined as the difference between the
incoming signal strength and the modem's receiver sensitivity.
3 LEDs ON = Very Strong Signal (> 30 dB fade margin)
2 LEDs ON = Strong Signal (> 20 dB fade margin)
1 LED ON = Moderate Signal (> 10 dB fade margin)
0 LED ON = Weak Signal (< 10 dB fade margin)
1-01e. Power Connector
5-14 VDC power connector
1-02a. DIP Switch
Figure1‐02. BackView DIP Switch functions are not supported in this release. Future down-
loadable firmware versions will support DIP Switch configurations.
1-02b. Antenna Port
Port is a 50ΩRF signal connector for connecting to an external
antenna. The connector type is RPSMA (Reverse Polarity SMA)
female. The connector has threads on the outside of a barrel and a
male center conductor.
1-01a. Reset Switch
1-01b. I/O & Power LEDs
1-01c. Serial Port
1-01e. Power Connector
1-01d. RSSI LEDs
1-02b. Antenna Port
1-02a. DIP Switch

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2.InterfacingProtocol
2.1. RS-232 Operation
The XBee-PRO PKG-R RF Modem supports the RS-232 interfacing protocol.
2.1.1. Pin Signals
Figure2‐01. PinsusedonthefemaleRS‐232(DB‐9)SerialConnector
*Functionslistedintheimplementationcolumnmaynotbeavailableatthetimeofrelease.
Table2‐01. PinAssignmentsandImplementations
DB-9 Pin RS-232 Name Description Implementation*
1 DCD Data-Carrier-Detect Connected to DSR (pin6)
2 RXD Received Data Serial data exiting the RF Modem
(to host)
3 TXD Transmitted Data Serial data entering into the RF modem
(from host)
4 DTR Data-Terminal-Ready Can enable Power-Down on the RF Modem
5 GND Ground Signal Ground
6 DSR Data-Set-Ready Connected to DCD (pin1)
7RTS / CMD Request-to-Send /
Command Mode
Provides RTS flow control or
enables "Command Mode" on the RF Modem
8CTS Clear-to-Send Provides CTS flow control
9 RI Ring Indicator Optional power input that is connected internally to
the positive lead of the front power connector

XBee‐PROPKG‐R™RS‐232RFModem–ProductManualv1.0
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2.1.2. Wiring Diagrams
RS-232 DTE Device to a DCE RF Modem
Figure2‐02. RS‐232Device(DTE‐maleconnector)wiredtoanXBee‐PRORFModem(DCE‐female)
DCE RF Modem to an RS-232 DCE Device
Figure2‐03. XBee‐PRORFModem(DCE‐femaleconnector)wiredtoanRS‐232device(DCE)
Sample Wireless Connection: DTE <--> DCE <--> DCE <--> DCE
Figure2‐04. TypicalwirelesslinkbetweenDTEandDCEdevices

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3.RFModemOperation
3.1. Serial Communications
3.1.1. RS-232 Data Flow
The XBee-PRO USB RF Modem interfaces to a host device through a standard RS-232 (DB-9) con-
nector. Devices that have a standard RS-232 serial port can connect directly through the pins of
the XBee-PRO RF Modem as shown in the figure below
Figure3‐01. SystemdataflowinanRS‐232environment
3.1.2. Host and RF Modem Settings
Serial communications between a host and an XBee-PRO RF Modem are dependent upon having
matching baud rate, parity, stop bit & number of data bits settings. Refer to the table below to
ensure host serial port settings match those of the XBee-PRO RF Modem.
Both the XBee-PRO RF Modem and host (PC) settings can be viewed and adjusted using Max-
Stream's proprietary X-CTU Software. Use the "PC Settings" tab to configure host settings. Use
the "Terminal" or "RF Modem Configuration" tabs to configure the RF modem settings.
NOTE: Failure to enter AT Command Mode is most commonly due to baud rate mismatch. Ensure
the ‘Baud’ setting on the “PC Settings tab matches the interface data rate of the RF modem (by
default, BD parameter = 3 (which is associated to 9600 bps)).
Table3‐01. ParametervaluescriticaltoserialcommunicationsbetweentheRFmodemandhost
Parameter Setting Default Parameter Value
Baud (Serial Data Rate) 9600 bps (BD parameter = 3)
Number of Data Bits 8
Parity None
Number of Stop Bits 1

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3.1.3. Flow Control
Figure3‐02. InternalDataFlowDiagram
DI (Data In) Buffer
When serial data enters the RF modem through the DI Pin, the data is stored in the DI Buffer until
it can be transmitted.
When the RO (Packetization Timeout) parameter threshold is satisfied [refer to RO command
description for more information], the modem attempts to initialize an RF connection. If the
modem cannot immediately transmit (for instance, if it is already receiving RF data), the serial
data continues to be stored in the DI Buffer. If the DI buffer becomes full, hardware or software
flow control must be implemented in order to prevent overflow (loss of data between the host and
the modem).
How to eliminate the need for flow control:
Case in which the DI Buffer may become full and possibly overflow:
Refer to the BD (Interface Data Rate) [p17] and RO (Packetization Timeout) [p21] command descrip-
tions for more information.
DO (Data Out) Buffer
When RF data is received, the data enters the DO buffer and is sent out the serial port to a host
device. Once the DO Buffer reaches capacity, any additional incoming RF data is lost.
If the modem is receiving a continuous stream of RF data, any serial data that arrives on the DI
pin is placed in the DI Buffer. The data in the DI buffer will be transmitted over-the-air when the
modem is no longer receiving RF data in the network.
Two cases in which the DO Buffer may become full and possibly overflow:
1. Send messages that are smaller than the DI buffer size.
2. Interface at a lower baud rate [BD (Interface Data Rate) parameter] than the RF data rate.
If the modem is receiving a continuous stream of RF data, any serial data that arrives on the DI
pin is placed in the DI Buffer. The data in the DI buffer will be transmitted over-the-air when the
modem is no longer receiving RF data in the network.
1. If the RF data rate is set higher than the interface data rate of the modem, the modem will
receive data from the transmitting modem faster than it can send the data to the host.
2. If the host does not allow the modem to transmit data out from the DO buffer because of
being held off by hardware or software flow control.