MaxStream XBee-PRO PKG-R RS-232 RF User manual

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XBee-PRO PKG-R™ RS-232 RF Modem
XBee-PRO RS-232 RF Modem
RF Modem Operation
RF Modem Configuration
Appendices
Product Manual v1.0
For XBee-PRO RF Modem Part Numbers: XBP24-PKI-...-R...
ZigBee™/IEEE®802.15.4 RF Modems by MaxStream, Inc.
M100280
2005.08.10

XBee‐PROPKG‐R™RS‐232RFModem–ProductManualv1.0
©2005MaxStream,Inc.Confidential&Proprietary ii
© 2005 MaxStream, Inc. All rights reserved
Nopartofthecontentsofthismanualmaybetransmittedorreproducedinany
formorbyanymeanswithoutthewrittenpermissionofMaxStream,Inc.
XBee‐PROPKG‐R™isatrademarkofMaxStream,Inc.
ZigBee™isaregisteredtrademarkoftheZigBeeAlliance.
TechnicalSupport:Phone:(801)765‐9885
LiveChat:www.maxstream.net
E‐mail:rf‐[email protected]

Contents
XBee‐PROPKG‐R™RS‐232RFModem–ProductManualv1.0
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1. XBee-PRO RS-232 RF Modem 4
1.1. Features Overview 4
1.1.1. Worldwide Acceptance 4
1.2. Specifications 5
1.3. Physical Interface 6
2. Interfacing Protocol 7
2.1. RS-232 Operation 7
2.1.1. Pin Signals 7
2.1.2. Wiring Diagrams 8
3. RF Modem Operation 9
3.1. Serial Communications 9
3.1.1. RS-232 Data Flow 9
3.1.2. Host and RF Modem Settings 9
3.1.3. Flow Control 10
3.2. Modes of Operation 11
3.2.1. Sleep Mode 11
3.2.2. Command Mode 13
3.3. Networking Modes 14
3.3.1. Addressing Overview 14
3.3.2. Unicast Mode 14
3.3.3. Broadcast Mode 14
4. RF Modem Configuration 15
4.1. Programming the RF Modem 15
4.1.1. Programming Examples 15
4.2. XBee-PRO Command Reference Table 16
4.3. XBee-PRO Command Descriptions 17
Appendix A: Agency Certifications 23
FCC Certification (pending) 23
OEM Labeling Requirements 23
FCC Notices 23
European Certification (pending) 24
OEM Labeling Requirements 24
Restrictions 24
Declarations of Conformity 24
Appendix B: Additional Information 25
1-Year Warranty 25
Ordering Information 25
Contact MaxStream 26

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1.XBee‐PRORS‐232RFModem
The XBee-PRO RS-232 RF Modem is a ZigBee/IEEE 802.15.4 compliant solu-
tion that has RS-232 interfacing built-in to its design. Out-of-box, the
modem is equipped to sustain excellent range (2-3x the range of standard
ZigBee modems) and requires no additional configuration for immediate RF
communications.
The modem transfers a standard asynchronous serial data stream between
two or more devices. Simply feed data into one modem, then the data is
sent out the other end of the wireless link. Its built-in RS-232 interface
allows for rapid integration into existing data systems.
1.1. Features Overview
High Performance, Low Cost
Range
• Indoor/Urban: up to 300’ (100m)
• Outdoor line-of-sight: up to 4000’ (300m)
Transmit Power: 100 mW (20dBm) EIRP
(with 2.1 dB antenna)
Receiver Sensitivity: -100 dBm
RF Data Rate: 250,000 bps
Advanced Networking & Security
Retries and Acknowledgements
DSSS (Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum)
13 direct sequence channels, each with over
65,000 unique network addresses available
Point-to-point, point-to-multipoint
and peer-to-peer topologies supported
Unicast and Broadcast Modes supported
128-bit Encryption (downloadable firmware
version coming soon)
Self-routing/Self-healing mesh networking
(downloadable firmware version coming soon)
Low Power
Power Currents
• Receive Current: 80 mA
• Transmit Current: 300 mA
• Power-down Current: < 2 mA
Easy-to-Use
No configuration necessary for out-of box
RF communications
Free X-CTU Software
(Testing and configuration software)
Built-in RS-232 interfacing
Small form factor
Network compatible with other
ZigBee/802.15.4 devices
Free & Unlimited Technical Support
1.1.1. Worldwide Acceptance
FCC Approval PENDING (USA) Refer to Appendix A [p23] for FCC Requirements.
Systems that include XBee-PRO RF Modems inherit MaxStream’s FCC Certifications.
ISM (Industrial, Scientific & Medical) 2.4 GHz frequency band
Manufactured under ISO 9001:2000 registered standards
XBee-PRO RF Modems are optimized for use in US, Canada, Australia, Israel and
Europe (contact MaxStream for complete list of approvals).

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1.2. Specifications
Table1‐01. SpecificationsoftheXBee‐PROPKG‐RRS‐232RFModem
Specification XBee-PRO RS-232 RF Modem
Performance
Indoor/Urban Range (w/ 2.1 dB dipole antenna) up to 300’ (100 m)
Outdoor/Urban Range (w/ 2.1 dB dipole antenna) up to 4000’ (1200 m)
Transmit Power Output 60 mW, 100 mw (20 dBm) EIRP
Receiver Sensitivity -100 dBm (1% packet error rate)
Interface Data Rate 1200 - 115200 bps (non-standard baud rates also supported)
RF Data Rate 250,000 bps
Networking & Security
Frequency ISM 2.4 GHz
Modulation DSSS (Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum),
OQPSK (Offset Quadrature Phase Shift Keying)
Supported Network Topologies Point-to-point, Point-to-Multipoint, Peer-to-Peer & Mesh (coming soon)
Number of Channels (software selectable) 13 Direct Sequence Channels
Addressing Layers PAN ID, Channel & Source/Destination Addresses
Antenna
Connector RPSMA (reverse polarity SMA)
Impedance 50 ohms unbalanced
Power Requirements
Power Supply 5 - 14 V
Receive Current 80 mA
Transmit Current 300 mA
(Average current when streaming data (@9600bps) = 86 mA)
Power-down Current < 2 mA
Physical Properties
Size 4.500” x 2.750” x 1.125” (11.4cm x 7.0cm x 2.9cm)
Weight 5.25 oz. (150 g)
Data Connection Female DB-9
Operating Temperature -40 - 85º C (Industrial)
Certifications (partial list)
FCC Part 15.247 pending
Industry Canada pending
Europe pending

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1.3. Physical Interface
1-01a. Reset Switch
Figure1‐01. FrontView The Reset Switch is used to reset (re-boot) the XBee-PRO RS-232 RF
modem. This switch only applies when using the configuration tabs of
MaxStream’s X-CTU Software.
1-01b. I/O & Power LEDs
LEDs indicate RF modem activity as follows:
Yellow (top LED) = Serial Data Out (to host)
Green (middle) = Serial Data In (from host)
Red (bottom) = Power/TX Indicator (LED is on when RF
modem is powered)
1-01c. Serial Port
Standard female DB-9 (RS-232) connector.
1-01d. RSSI LEDs
RSSI LEDs indicate the amount of fade margin present in an active
wireless link. Fade margin is defined as the difference between the
incoming signal strength and the modem's receiver sensitivity.
3 LEDs ON = Very Strong Signal (> 30 dB fade margin)
2 LEDs ON = Strong Signal (> 20 dB fade margin)
1 LED ON = Moderate Signal (> 10 dB fade margin)
0 LED ON = Weak Signal (< 10 dB fade margin)
1-01e. Power Connector
5-14 VDC power connector
1-02a. DIP Switch
Figure1‐02. BackView DIP Switch functions are not supported in this release. Future down-
loadable firmware versions will support DIP Switch configurations.
1-02b. Antenna Port
Port is a 50ΩRF signal connector for connecting to an external
antenna. The connector type is RPSMA (Reverse Polarity SMA)
female. The connector has threads on the outside of a barrel and a
male center conductor.
1-01a. Reset Switch
1-01b. I/O & Power LEDs
1-01c. Serial Port
1-01e. Power Connector
1-01d. RSSI LEDs
1-02b. Antenna Port
1-02a. DIP Switch

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2.InterfacingProtocol
2.1. RS-232 Operation
The XBee-PRO PKG-R RF Modem supports the RS-232 interfacing protocol.
2.1.1. Pin Signals
Figure2‐01. PinsusedonthefemaleRS‐232(DB‐9)SerialConnector
*Functionslistedintheimplementationcolumnmaynotbeavailableatthetimeofrelease.
Table2‐01. PinAssignmentsandImplementations
DB-9 Pin RS-232 Name Description Implementation*
1 DCD Data-Carrier-Detect Connected to DSR (pin6)
2 RXD Received Data Serial data exiting the RF Modem
(to host)
3 TXD Transmitted Data Serial data entering into the RF modem
(from host)
4 DTR Data-Terminal-Ready Can enable Power-Down on the RF Modem
5 GND Ground Signal Ground
6 DSR Data-Set-Ready Connected to DCD (pin1)
7RTS / CMD Request-to-Send /
Command Mode
Provides RTS flow control or
enables "Command Mode" on the RF Modem
8CTS Clear-to-Send Provides CTS flow control
9 RI Ring Indicator Optional power input that is connected internally to
the positive lead of the front power connector

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2.1.2. Wiring Diagrams
RS-232 DTE Device to a DCE RF Modem
Figure2‐02. RS‐232Device(DTE‐maleconnector)wiredtoanXBee‐PRORFModem(DCE‐female)
DCE RF Modem to an RS-232 DCE Device
Figure2‐03. XBee‐PRORFModem(DCE‐femaleconnector)wiredtoanRS‐232device(DCE)
Sample Wireless Connection: DTE <--> DCE <--> DCE <--> DCE
Figure2‐04. TypicalwirelesslinkbetweenDTEandDCEdevices

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3.RFModemOperation
3.1. Serial Communications
3.1.1. RS-232 Data Flow
The XBee-PRO USB RF Modem interfaces to a host device through a standard RS-232 (DB-9) con-
nector. Devices that have a standard RS-232 serial port can connect directly through the pins of
the XBee-PRO RF Modem as shown in the figure below
Figure3‐01. SystemdataflowinanRS‐232environment
3.1.2. Host and RF Modem Settings
Serial communications between a host and an XBee-PRO RF Modem are dependent upon having
matching baud rate, parity, stop bit & number of data bits settings. Refer to the table below to
ensure host serial port settings match those of the XBee-PRO RF Modem.
Both the XBee-PRO RF Modem and host (PC) settings can be viewed and adjusted using Max-
Stream's proprietary X-CTU Software. Use the "PC Settings" tab to configure host settings. Use
the "Terminal" or "RF Modem Configuration" tabs to configure the RF modem settings.
NOTE: Failure to enter AT Command Mode is most commonly due to baud rate mismatch. Ensure
the ‘Baud’ setting on the “PC Settings tab matches the interface data rate of the RF modem (by
default, BD parameter = 3 (which is associated to 9600 bps)).
Table3‐01. ParametervaluescriticaltoserialcommunicationsbetweentheRFmodemandhost
Parameter Setting Default Parameter Value
Baud (Serial Data Rate) 9600 bps (BD parameter = 3)
Number of Data Bits 8
Parity None
Number of Stop Bits 1

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3.1.3. Flow Control
Figure3‐02. InternalDataFlowDiagram
DI (Data In) Buffer
When serial data enters the RF modem through the DI Pin, the data is stored in the DI Buffer until
it can be transmitted.
When the RO (Packetization Timeout) parameter threshold is satisfied [refer to RO command
description for more information], the modem attempts to initialize an RF connection. If the
modem cannot immediately transmit (for instance, if it is already receiving RF data), the serial
data continues to be stored in the DI Buffer. If the DI buffer becomes full, hardware or software
flow control must be implemented in order to prevent overflow (loss of data between the host and
the modem).
How to eliminate the need for flow control:
Case in which the DI Buffer may become full and possibly overflow:
Refer to the BD (Interface Data Rate) [p17] and RO (Packetization Timeout) [p21] command descrip-
tions for more information.
DO (Data Out) Buffer
When RF data is received, the data enters the DO buffer and is sent out the serial port to a host
device. Once the DO Buffer reaches capacity, any additional incoming RF data is lost.
If the modem is receiving a continuous stream of RF data, any serial data that arrives on the DI
pin is placed in the DI Buffer. The data in the DI buffer will be transmitted over-the-air when the
modem is no longer receiving RF data in the network.
Two cases in which the DO Buffer may become full and possibly overflow:
1. Send messages that are smaller than the DI buffer size.
2. Interface at a lower baud rate [BD (Interface Data Rate) parameter] than the RF data rate.
If the modem is receiving a continuous stream of RF data, any serial data that arrives on the DI
pin is placed in the DI Buffer. The data in the DI buffer will be transmitted over-the-air when the
modem is no longer receiving RF data in the network.
1. If the RF data rate is set higher than the interface data rate of the modem, the modem will
receive data from the transmitting modem faster than it can send the data to the host.
2. If the host does not allow the modem to transmit data out from the DO buffer because of
being held off by hardware or software flow control.

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3.2. Modes of Operation
XBee-PRO RF Modems operate in five modes.
Figure3‐03. XBee‐PRORFModemModesofOperation
(TheRFModemsoperateinonemodeatatime.)
When not receiving or transmitting data, the RF
modem is in Idle Mode. The RF modem shifts into the
other modes of operation under the following condi-
tions:
• Serial data is received in the DI Buffer
(Transmit Mode)
• Valid RF data is received through the antenna
(Receive Mode)
• Sleep Mode condition is met (Sleep Mode)
• Command Mode Sequence is issued
(Command Mode)
3.2.1. Sleep Mode
Sleep Modes enable the RF modem to enter states of low-power consumption when not in use. In
order to enter Sleep Mode, one of the following conditions must be met (in addition to the modem
having a non-zero SM parameter value):
• DTR (Data Terminal Ready) is de-asserted.
• The modem is idle (no data transmission or reception) for the amount of time defined by the
ST (Time before Sleep) parameter. [NOTE: ST is only active when SM = 4-8.]
The SM command is central to setting Sleep Mode configurations. By default, Sleep Modes are dis-
abled (SM = 0) and the modem remains in Idle/Receive Mode. When in this state, the modem is
constantly ready to respond to serial or RF activity.
Pin/Host-controlled Sleep Modes
Pin Hibernate (SM = 1)
• Pin/Host-controlled
• Typical power-down current: < 25 mA
• Wake-up time: 13.2 msec
Use this mode to wake a sleeping modem by asserting DTR. Pin Hibernate Mode minimizes quies-
cent power (power consumed when in a state of rest or inactivity).
Pin Hibernate Mode is level-activated; when DTR is de-asserted, the modem will finish any trans-
mitting or receiving activities, enter Idle Mode and then enter the state of sleep. The modem will
not respond to either serial or RF activity while in pin sleep. The modem will wake when DTR is
asserted and is ready to transmit or receive when the CTS line is low.
Table3‐02. SleepModeConfigurations
Sleep Mode
Setting
Transition into
Sleep Mode
Transition out of
Sleep Mode Characteristics Related Commands
Power
Consumption
Pin Hibernate
(SM = 1) De-assert DTR Assert DTR Pin/Host-controlled (SM) < 25 mA
Pin Doze
(SM = 2) De-assert DTR Assert DTR Pin/Host-controlled (SM) < 25 mA
Cyclic Sleep
(SM = 4 - 6)
Automatic transition to
Sleep Mode as defined by
the SM (Sleep Mode) and
ST (Time before Sleep)
parameters.
Transition occurs after the
cyclic sleep time interval
elapses. The time interval
is defined by the SP (Cyclic
Sleep Period) parameter.
RF Modem wakes in
pre-determined time
intervals to detect if
RF data is present.
(SM), SP, ST < 25 mA
when sleeping

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Pin Doze (SM = 2)
• Pin/Host-controlled
• Typical power-down current: < 25 mA
• Wake-up time: 2 msec
Use this mode to wake a sleeping modem by asserting DTR. This pin-controlled Sleep Mode mini-
mizes wake-up time.
Pin Doze Mode is level-activated; when the DTR is de-asserted, the modem will finish any trans-
mitting or receiving activities, enter Idle Mode and then enter the sleep state. The modem will not
respond to either serial or RF activity while in pin sleep. The modem will wake when DTR is
asserted and is ready to transmit or receive when the CTS line is low.
Cyclic Sleep Modes
Cyclic Sleep Remote (SM = 4)
• Typical Power-down Current: < 25 mA (when asleep)
• Wake-up time: 2 msec
Use this mode to have a modem periodically check for data. Cyclic Sleep Mode configures the
modem to sleep, then wake once a cycle to check for data from a modem configured as a Cyclic
Sleep Coordinator (SM = 6). The Cyclic Sleep Remote sends a poll request to the coordinator at a
specific interval set by the SP (Cyclic Sleep Period) parameter. The coordinator will transmit any
queued data addressed to that specific remote upon receiving the poll request. If no data is
queued for the remote, the coordinator will not transmit and the remote will return to sleep for
another cycle. If queued data is transmitted back to the remote, it will stay awake to allow for
back and forth communication until the ST (Time before Sleep) timer expires.
Also note that CTS will go low each time the remote wakes, allowing for communication initiated
by the remote host if desired.
Cyclic Sleep Remote with Pin Wake-up (SM = 5)
Use this mode to wake a sleeping remote modem through either the RF interface or by the asser-
tion of DTR for event-driven communications. The cyclic sleep mode works as described above
(SM = 4) with the addition of a pin-controlled wake-up at the remote modem. The modem will
wake quickly when a low is detected and set CTS low as soon as it is ready to transmit or receive.
Any activity will reset the ST (Time before Sleep) timer so the modem will go back to sleep only
after DTR is de-asserted and there is no activity for the duration of the timer.
Cyclic Sleep Coordinator (SM = 6)
• Typical current = Receive current
• Always awake
Use this mode to configure a modem to wake cyclic sleeping remotes through the RF interface.
The cyclic sleep coordinator will accept a message addressed to a specific remote 16 or 64-bit
address and hold it in a buffer until the remote wakes up and sends a poll to request the message.
Messages that are not sent directly, must be buffered and requested are called "Indirect mes-
sages". The coordinator will only queue one indirect message at a time. The coordinator will hold
the indirect message for a period 2.5 times the sleeping period indicated by the SP (Cyclic Sleep
Period) parameter. The coordinator's SP parameter should be set to match the value used by the
remotes. Also, the ST parameters of the coordinator and remotes should be set to the same value
because the coordinator will track the 'awake' period of the recent 10 remotes to wake up. If the
coordinator receives additional messages addressed to a remote that should be awake, the coordi-
nator will send a direct message to that remote instead of queuing it. The coordinator is always
awake so that any remote unit can transmit either a poll request or a data message at any time.

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3.2.2. Command Mode
To modify or read RF Modem parameters, the modem must first enter into Command Mode - a
state in which incoming characters are interpreted as commands. A robust set of AT Commands
are available for programming and customizing the modem.
AT Commands
To Enter AT Command Mode:
Default AT Command Mode Sequence (for transition to Command Mode):
• No characters sent for one second [GT (Guard Times) parameter = 0x3E8]
• Input three plus characters (“+++”) within one second [CC (Command Sequence Character)
parameter = 0x2B.]
• No characters sent for one second [GT (Guard Times) parameter = 0x3E8]
All of the parameter values in the sequence can be modified to reflect user preferences.
To Send AT Commands:
Figure3‐04.SyntaxforsendingATCommands
To read a parameter value stored in the RF modem’s register, leave the parameter field blank.
The preceding example would change the RF modem Destination Address (Low) to “0x1F”. To
store the new value to non-volatile (long term) memory, subsequently send the WR (Write) com-
mand.
For modified parameter values to persist in the modem’s registry, changes must be saved to non-
volatile memory using the WR (Write) Command. Otherwise, parameters are restored to previ-
ously saved values after the modem is powered off and then on again (or re-booted).
System Response. When a command is sent to the RF modem, the modem will parse and exe-
cute the command. Upon successful execution of a command, the modem returns an “OK” mes-
sage. If execution of a command results in an error, the modem returns an “ERROR” message.
To Exit AT Command Mode:
For an example that illustrates programming the RF modem using AT Commands, refer to the "RF
Modem Configuration" chapter [p15].
Send the 3-character command sequence “+++” and observe guard times before and after the
command characters. [Refer to the “Default AT Command Mode Sequence” below.]
Send AT commands and parameters using the syntax shown below.
1. Send ATCN (Exit Command Mode) Command.
[OR]
2. If no valid AT Commands are received within the time specified by CT (Command Mode
Timeout) Command, the RF modem automatically returns to Idle Mode.

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3.3. Networking Modes
Before transmitting data over-the-air, the RF modem will first undergo CCA (Clear Channel
Assessment). If the CCA fails, the packet will not be transmitted.
3.3.1. Addressing Overview
Packets can be sent and received using a 16-bit or a 64-bit address (802.15.4 protocol). A unique
64-bit IEEE source address is assigned at the factory and can be read with the SL (Serial Number
Low) and SH (Serial Number High) parameters.
To send a packet to a specific RF modem using 64-bit addressing, set the Destination Address (DL
+ DH) to match the Source Address (SL + SH) of the intended destination RF modem. To send a
packet to a specific RF modem using 16-bit addressing, set the DL (Destination Address Low)
parameter to the MY (Source Address) parameter and set the DH (Destination Address High)
parameter to “0x00000000.”
3.3.2. Unicast Mode
Unicast Mode enables acknowledged communications. While in this mode, receiving modems send
an ACK (acknowledgement) of RF packet reception to the transmitter. If the transmitting modem
does not receive the ACK, the transmitter will re-send the packet up to three times until the ACK is
received.
Unicast Mode is the only mode that supports retries.
Unicast Communications using 16-bit addressing
The following table shows a sample configuration that would enable Unicast Mode communications
using 16-bit short addresses.
Unicast Communications using 64-bit addressing
The RF modem’s serial number (SL parameter concatenated to the SH parameter) can be used as
a 64-bit source address when the MY (16-bit Source Address) parameter is disabled. When the MY
parameter is disabled (set MY to 0xFFFF), the modem’s source address is set to the 64-bit IEEE
address stored in the SH and SL parameters.
To send a packet to a specific modem, set the Destination Address (DL + DH) so it matches the
Source Address (SL + SH) of the intended destination modem.
3.3.3. Broadcast Mode
Any RF modem will accept a packet that contains a broadcast address. When configured to operate
in Broadcast Mode, receiving modems do not send ACKs (Acknowledgements) and transmitting RF
modems do not automatically re-send packets as is the case in Unicast Mode.
To send a broadcast packet to all modems regardless of 16-bit or 64-bit addressing, set destina-
tion addresses of all the modems as shown below.
Sample Configuration (All modems in the network):
• DL (Destination Low Address) = 0x0000FFFF
• DH (Destination High Address) = 0x00000000
NOTE: When programming the modem, parameters are entered in hexadecimal notation (without
the “0x” prefix). Leading zeros may be omitted.
For more information regarding RF modem parameter modification, refer to the “Command Mode”
[p13] and “RF Modem Configuration” [p15] sections.
Table3‐03. SampleUnicastConfiguration(using16‐bitaddressing)
Parameter RF Modem 1 RF Modem 2
MY (Source Address) 0x01 0x02
DH (Destination Address High) 0 0
DL (Destination Address Low) 0x02 0x01

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4.RFModemConfiguration
4.1. Programming the RF Modem
Refer to the “Command Mode” section [p13] for more information about entering Command Mode,
sending AT commands and exiting Command Mode.
4.1.1. Programming Examples
Setup
Sample Configuration: Modify RF Modem Destination Address
Sample Configuration: Restore RF Modem Defaults
The programming examples in this section require the installation of MaxStream's X-CTU Soft-
ware and a RS-232 connection to a PC.
1. Install MaxStream's X-CTU Software to a PC by double-clicking the "setup_X-CTU.exe" file.
(The file is located on the MaxStream CD and under the 'Software' section of the following
web page: www.maxstream.net/helpdesk/download.php)
2. Connect the RF modem to a PC.
3. Launch the X-CTU Software and select the 'PC Settings' tab. Verify the baud and parity set-
tings of the Com Port match those of the RF modem.
NOTE: Failure to enter AT Command Mode is most commonly due to baud rate mismatch.
Ensure the ‘Baud’ setting on the ‘PC Settings’ tab matches the interface data rate of the RF
modem (by default, BD parameter = 3 (which corresponds to 9600 bps)).
Example: Utilize the 'Terminal' tab of the X-CTU Software to change the RF modem's DL (Desti-
nation Address Low) parameter and save the new address to non-volatile memory.
After establishing a serial connection between the RF modem and a PC [refer to the 'Setup' sec-
tion above], select the ‘Terminal’ tab of the X-CTU Software and enter the following command
lines (‘CR’ stands for carriage return):
Method 1 (One line per command))
Send AT Command
+++
ATDL <Enter>
ATDL1A0D <Enter>
ATWR <Enter>
ATCN <Enter>
System Response
OK <CR> (Enter into Command Mode)
{current value} <CR> (Read Destination Address Low)
OK <CR> (Modify Destination Address Low)
OK <CR> (Write to non-volatile memory)
OK <CR> (Exit Command Mode)
Method 2 (Multiple commands on one line)
Send AT Command
+++
ATDL <Enter>
ATDL1A0D,WR,CN <Enter>
System Response
OK <CR> (Enter into Command Mode)
{current value} <CR> (Read Destination Address Low)
OK <CR> (Execute commands)
Example: Utilize the 'Modem Configuration' tab of the X-CTU Software to restore default param-
eter values of the RF modem.
After establishing a connection between the RF modem and a PC [refer to the 'Setup' section
above], select the 'Modem Configuration' tab of the X-CTU Software.
1. Select the 'Read' button.
2. Select the 'Restore' button.

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4.2. XBee-PRO Command Reference Table
Table4‐01. XBee‐PROCommands(RFmodemsexpectnumericalvaluesinhexadecimal.Hexadecimalvaluesaredesignatedbythe“0x”
prefix.Decimalequivalentsaredesignatedbythe“d”suffix.)
AT
Command
Command
Category Name and Description Parameter Range Default
BD Serial Interfacing Interface Data Rate. Set/Read the serial interface data rate for communications
between the RF modem serial port and host.
0 - 7
(custom rates also supported) 3
CC AT Command
Mode Options
Command Sequence Character. Set/Read the ASCII character value to be used
between Guard Times of the AT Command Mode Sequence (GT+CC+GT). The AT
Command Mode Sequence enters the RF modem to AT Command Mode.
0 - 0xFF 0x2B
('+' ASCII)
CH Networking &
Security
Channel. Set/Read the channel number used for transmitting and receiving between
RF modems. Uses 802.15.4 protocol channel numbers. 0x0C - 0x18 0x0C (12d)
CN AT Command
Mode Options Exit Command Mode. Explicitly exit AT Command Mode. - -
CT AT Command
Mode Options
Command Mode Timeout. Set/Read the period of inactivity (no valid commands
received) after which the RF modem automatically exits AT Command Mode and
returns to Idle Mode.
2 - 0xFFFF [x 100 ms] 0x64 (100d)
DB Diagnostics
Received Signal Strength. Read signal level [in dB] of last good packet received
(RSSI). Absolute value is reported. (For example: 0x58 = -88 dBm) Reported value is
accurate between -40 dBm and RX sensitivity.
0 - 0x64 [read-only] -
DH Networking
& Security
Destination Address High. Set/Read the upper 32 bits of the 64-bit destination
address. When combined with DL, it defines the destination address used for
transmission. To transmit using a 16-bit address, set DH parameter to zero and DL less
than 0xFFFF. 0x000000000000FFFF is the broadcast address for the PAN.
0 - 0xFFFFFFFF 0
DL Networking &
Security
Destination Address Low. Set/Read the lower 32 bits of the 64-bit destination
address. When combined with DH, DL defines the destination address used for
transmission. To transmit using a 16-bit address, set DH parameter to zero and DL less
than 0xFFFF. 0x000000000000FFFF is the broadcast address for the PAN.
0 - 0xFFFFFFFF 0
GT AT Command
Mode Options
Guard Times. Set required period of silence before and after the Command Sequence
Characters of the AT Command Mode Sequence (GT+ CC + GT). The period of silence
is used to prevent inadvertent entrance into AT Command Mode.
0x02 - 0xFFFF [x 1 ms] 0x3E8
(1000d)
ID Networking &
Security
PAN ID. Set/Read the PAN (Personal Area Network) ID.
0xFFFF indicates a message for all PANs. 0xFFFF 0x3332 (13106d)
MY Networking &
Security
16-bit Source Address. Set/Read the RF modem 16-bit source address. Set MY =
0xFFFF to disable reception of packets with 16-bit addresses. 64-bit source address
(serial number) and broadcast address (0x000000000000FFFF) is always enabled.
0 - 0xFFFF 0
P0 Diagnostics PWM0 Configurations. Select/Read function for PWM0. 0 - 1 1
PL RF Interfacing Power Level. Select/Read power level at which the RF modem transmits. 0 - 4 4
RE (Special) Restore Defaults. Restore RF modem parameters to factory defaults. Follow with WR
command to save values to non-volatile memory. --
RN Networking &
Security
Random Delay Slots. Set/Read the minimum value of the back-off exponent in the
CSMA-CA algorithm that is used for collision avoidance. If RN = 0, collision avoidance
is disabled during the first iteration of the algorithm (802.15.4 - macMinBE).
0 - 3 0
RO Serial Interfacing
Packetization Timeout. Set/Read number of character times of inter-character delay
required before transmission. Set to zero to transmit characters as they arrive instead of
buffering them into one RF packet.
0 - 0xFF [x character times] 3
RP Diagnostics RSSI PWM Timer. Enable a PWM (pulse width modulation) output (on pin 3 of the RF
modems) which shows RX signal strength. 0 - 0xFF [x 100 ms] 0x28 (40d)
SH Diagnostics Serial Number High. Read high 32 bits of the RF modem's unique IEEE 64-bit
address. 64-bit source address is always enabled. 0 - 0xFFFFFFFF [read-only] Factory-set
SL Diagnostics Serial Number Low. Read low 32 bits of the RF modem's unique IEEE 64-bit address.
64-bit source address is always enabled. 0 - 0xFFFFFFFF [read-only] Factory-set
SM Sleep
(Low Power) Sleep Mode. Set/Read Sleep Mode configurations. 0 - 6 0
SP Sleep
(Low Power)
Cyclic Sleep Period. Set/Read sleep period for cyclic sleeping remotes. Maximum
sleep period is 268 seconds (0x68B0). 0x01 - 0x68B0 [x 10 ms] 0x64 (100d)
ST Sleep
(Low Power)
Time before Sleep. Set/Read time period of inactivity (no serial or RF data is sent or
received) before activating Sleep Mode. The ST parameter is only valid with Cyclic
Sleep settings (SM = 4 - 6). Set ST on Cyclic Sleep Coordinator to match Cyclic Sleep
Remotes.
0x01 - 0xFFFF [x 1 ms] 0x1388
(5000d)
VR Diagnostics Firmware Version. Read firmware version of the RF modem. 0 - 0xFFFF [read-only] Factory-set
WR (Special) Write. Write parameter values to RF modem's non-volatile memory so that
modifications persist through subsequent power-up or reset. --

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4.3. XBee-PRO Command Descriptions
Command descriptions in this section are listed alphabetically. Command categories are desig-
nated within "< >" symbols that follow each command title. XBee-PRO RF Modems expect param-
eter values in hexadecimal (designated by the "0x" prefix).
BD (Interface Data Rate) Command
<Serial Interfacing> The BD command is used to
set and read the serial interface data rate (baud
rate) used between the RF modem and host. This
parameter determines the rate at which serial
data is sent to the RF modem from the host. Mod-
ified interface data rates do not take effect until
the CN (Exit AT Command Mode) command is
issued and the system returns the 'OK' response.
When parameters 0-7 are sent to the RF modem,
the respective interface data rates are used (as
shown in the table on the right).
The RF data rate is not affected by the BD param-
eter. If the interface data rate is set higher than
the RF data rate, a flow control configuration may
need to be implemented.
Non-standard Interface Data Rates:
When parameter values outside the range of standard baud rates are sent, the closest interface
data rate represented by the number is stored in the BD register. For example, a rate of 19200
bps can be set by sending the following command line "ATBD4B00". NOTE: When using Max-
Stream’s X-CTU Software, non-standard interface data rates can only be set and read using the X-
CTU ‘Terminal’ tab. Non-standard rates are not accessible through the ‘Modem Configuration’ tab.
When the BD command is sent with a non-standard interface data rate, the UART will adjust to
accommodate the requested interface rate. In most cases, the clock resolution will cause the
stored BD parameter to vary from the parameter that was sent (refer to the table below). Reading
the BD command (send "ATBD" command without an associated parameter value) will return the
value that was actually stored to the BD register.
CC (Command Sequence Character) Command
<AT Command Mode Options> The CC command
is used to set and read the ASCII character used
between guard times of the AT Command Mode
Sequence (GT + CC + GT). This sequence enters
the RF modem into AT Command Mode so that
data entering the modem from the host is recog-
nized as commands instead of payload.
Refer to the Command Mode section [p13] for more information regarding the AT Command Mode
Sequence.
Tab le4‐02. ParametersSentVersusParametersStored
BD Parameter Sent (HEX) Interface Data Rate (bps) BD Parameter Stored (HEX)
0 1200 0
4 19,200 4
7 115,200 7
12C 300 12B
1C200 115,200 1B207
AT Command: ATBD
Parameter Range: 0 - 7 (standard rates)
Parameter Configuration (bps)
0 1200
1 2400
2 4800
3 9600
4 19200
5 38400
6 57600
7 115200
Default Parameter Value:3
AT Command: ATCC
Parameter Range: 0 - 0xFF
Default Parameter Value: 0x2B (ASCII “+”)
Related Commands: GT (Guard Times)

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CH (Channel) Command
<Networking & Security> The CH command is
used to set and read the channel on which RF
connections are made between RF modems. The
channel is one of three network layers available
to the RF modem. The other layers are the PAN
ID (ID command) and destination addresses (DL
& DH commands).
In order for RF modems to communicate with
each other, the RF modems must share the same channel number. Different channels can be used
to prevent RF modems in one network from listening to transmissions of another.
The RF modem uses channel numbers of the 802.15.4 standard.
Center Frequency = 2.405 + (CH - 11d) * 5 MHz (d = decimal)
Refer to the “Addressing Overview” section [p14] for more information.
CN (Exit AT Command Mode) Command
<AT Command Mode Options> The CN command
is used to explicitly exit the RF modem from AT
Command Mode.
CT (Command Mode Timeout) Command
<AT Command Mode Options> The CT command
is used to set and read the amount of inactive
time that elapses before the RF modem automat-
ically exits from AT Command Mode and returns
to Idle Mode.
Use the CN (Exit AT Command Mode) command
to exit AT Command Mode manually.
DB (Received Signal Strength) Command
<Diagnostics> The DB parameter is used to read
the received signal strength (in dBm) of the last
RF packet received. Reported values are accurate
between -40 dBm and the RF modem's receiver
sensitivity.
Absolute values are reported. For example: 0x58 = -88 dBm. If no packets have been received
(since last reset, power cycle or sleep event), “0” will be reported.
DH (Destination Address High) Command
<Networking & Security> The DH command is
used to set and read the upper 32 bits of the RF
modem's 64-bit destination address. When com-
bined with the DL (Destination Address Low)
parameter, it defines the destination address
used for transmission.
RF modems will only communicate with other RF
modems having the same channel (CH parame-
ter), PAN ID (ID parameter) and destination address
(DH + DL parameters).
To transmit using a 16-bit address, set the DL parameter to zero and the DH parameter less than
0xFFFF. 0x000000000000FFFF (DH concatenated to DL) is the broadcast address for the PAN.
Refer to the “Addressing Overview” section [p14] for more information.
AT Command: ATCH
Parameter Range: 0x0C - 0x18
Default Parameter Value: 0x0C (12 decimal)
Related Commands: ID (PAN ID), DL
(Destination Address Low, DH (Destination
Address High)
AT Command: ATCN
AT Command: ATCT
Parameter Range: 2 - 0xFFFF
[x 100 milliseconds]
Default Parameter Value: 0x64 (100 decimal,
which equals 10 decimal seconds)
Number of bytes returned: 2
Related Command: CN (Exit AT Command
Mode)
AT Command: ATDB
Parameter Range: 0 - 0x64 [read-only]
AT Command: ATDH
Parameter Range: 0 - 0xFFFFFFFF
Default Parameter Value: 0
Related Commands: DL (Destination Address
Low), CH (Channel), ID (PAN VID), MY (Source
Address)

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DL (Destination Address Low) Command
<Networking & Security> The DL command is
used to set and read the lower 32 bits of the RF
modem's 64-bit destination address. When com-
bined with the DH (Destination Address High)
parameter, it defines the destination address
used for transmission.
RF modems will only communicate with other RF
modems having the same channel (CH parameter), PAN ID (ID parameter) and destination
address (DH + DL parameters).
To transmit using a 16-bit address, set the DL parameter to zero and the DH parameter less than
0xFFFF. 0x000000000000FFFF (DH concatenated to DL) is the broadcast address for the PAN.
Refer to the “Addressing Overview” section [p14] for more information.
GT (Guard Times) Command
<AT Command Mode Options> GT Command is
used to set the DI (data in from host) time-of-
silence that surrounds the AT command sequence
character (CC Command) of the AT Command
Mode sequence (GT + CC + GT).
The DI time-of-silence is used to prevent inad-
vertent entrance into AT Command Mode.
Refer to the Command Mode section [p13] for
more information regarding the AT Command Mode Sequence.
ID (Pan ID) Command
<Networking & Security> The ID command is
used to set and read the PAN (Personal Area Net-
work) ID of the RF modem. Only RF modems with
matching PAN IDs can communicate with each
other. RF modems with non-matching PAN IDs
will not receive unintended data transmission.
Setting ID to 0xFFFF indicates a global message for all PANs.
Refer to the “Addressing Overview” section [p14] for more information.
MY (16-bit Source Address) Command
<Networking & Security> The MY command is
used to set and read the 16-bit source address of
the RF modem.
By setting MY to 0xFFFF, the reception of RF
packets having a 16-bit address is disabled. The
64-bit address is the module serial number and is
always enabled.
Refer to the “Addressing Overview” section [p14] for more information.
AT Command: ATDL
Parameter Range: 0 - 0xFFFFFFFF
Default Parameter Value: 0
Related Commands: DH (Destination Address
High), CH (Channel), ID (PAN VID), MY (Source
Address)
AT Command: ATGT
Parameter Range: 0x02 - 0xFFFF
[x 1 millisecond]
Default Parameter Value: 0x3E8
Related Commands: CC (Command Sequence
Character)
AT Command: ATID
Parameter Range: 0 - 0xFFFF
Default Parameter Value:0x3332
(13106 decimal)
AT Command: ATMY
Parameter Range: 0 - 0xFFFF
Default Parameter Value: 0
Related Commands: DH (Destination Address
High), DL (Destination Address Low), CH
(Channel), ID (PAN ID)

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P0 (PWM0 Configuration) Command
<Diagnostics> The P0 command is used to select
and read the function for PWM0 (Pulse Width
Modulation output 0 - pin 6).
Note: The second character in the command is a
zero (“0”), not the letter “O”.
PL (Power Level) Command
<RF Interfacing> The PL command is used to
select and read the power level at which the RF
modem transmits (conducted power).
RE (Restore Defaults) Command
<(Special)> The RE command is used to restore
all configurable parameters to their factory
default settings. The RE command does not write
restored values to non-volatile (persistent) memory. Issue the WR (Write) command after issuing
the RE command to save restored parameter values to non-volatile memory.
RN (Random Delay Slots) Command
<Networking & Security> The RN command is
used to set and read the minimum value of the
back-off exponent in the CSMA-CA algorithm. The
CSMA-CA algorithm was engineered for collision
avoidance (random delays are inserted to prevent
data loss caused by data collisions).
If RN = 0, collision avoidance is disabled during the first iteration of the algorithm (802.15.4 -
macMinBE).
CSMA-CA stands for "Carrier Sense Multiple Access - Collision Avoidance". Unlike CSMA-CD (reacts
to network transmissions after collisions have been detected), CSMA-CA acts to prevent data colli-
sions before they occur. As soon as a modem receives a packet that is to be transmitted, it checks
if the channel is clear (no other modem is transmitting). If the channel is clear, the packet is sent
over-the-air. If the channel is not clear, the RF modem waits for a randomly selected period of
time, then checks again to see if the channel is clear. After a time, the process ends and the data
is lost.
AT Command: ATP0
Parameter Range: 0 - 1
Parameter Configuration
0 Disabled
1RSSIPWM0enabled
Default Parameter Value: 1
AT Command: ATPL
Parameter Range: 0 - 4
Parameter Configuration
010dBm
112dBm
214dBm
316dBm
418dBm
Default Parameter Value: 4
AT Command: ATRE
AT Command: ATRN
Parameter Range: 0 - 3
Default Parameter Value: 0