MaxStream XBee-PRO PKG-R RS-232 RF User manual

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XBee-PRO PKG-R™ RS-232 RF Modem
XBee-PRO RS-232 RF Modem
Interfacing Protocol
RF Modem Operation
RF Modem Configuration
Appendices
Product Manual v1.x82
For XBee-PRO RF Modem Part Numbers: XBP24-PKI-...-R...
IEEE®802.15.4 Stand-alone RF Modems by MaxStream, Inc.
M100280
2006.04.24

XBee‐PROPKG‐R™RS‐232RFModem–802.15.4‐ProductManualv1.x82[2006.04.24]
©2006MaxStream,Inc.,Confidential&Proprietary‐AllRightsReserved ii
© 2006 MaxStream, Inc. All rights reserved
Nopartofthecontentsofthismanualmaybetransmittedorreproducedinany
formorbyanymeanswithoutthewrittenpermissionofMaxStream,Inc.
XBee‐PROPKG‐R™isatrademarkofMaxStream,Inc.
TechnicalSupport:Phone:(801)765‐9885
LiveChat:www.maxstream.net
E‐mail:rf‐[email protected]

Contents
XBee™/XBee‐PRO™RS‐232RFModems‐802.15.4‐ProductManualv1.x82[2006.04.24]
©2006MaxStream,Inc.,Confidential&Proprietary‐AllRightsReserved iii
1. XBee-PRO RS-232 RF Modem 4
1.1. Features Overview 4
1.1.1. Worldwide Acceptance 4
1.2. Specifications 5
1.3. External Interface 6
2. Interfacing Protocol 7
2.1. RS-232 Operation 7
2.1.1. Pin Signals 7
2.1.2. Wiring Diagrams 8
3. RF Modem Operation 9
3.1. Serial Communications 9
3.1.1. RS-232 Data Flow 9
3.1.2. Host and RF Modem Settings 9
3.1.3. Flow Control 10
3.1.4. Transparent Operation 11
3.1.5. API Operation 11
3.2. IEEE 802.15.4 Networks 12
3.2.1. NonBeacon 12
3.2.2. NonBeacon (w/ Coordinator) 12
3.2.3. Association 13
3.3. Modes of Operation 16
3.3.1. Idle Mode 16
3.3.2. Transmit / Receive Modes 16
3.3.3. Sleep Mode 18
3.3.4. Command Mode 20
3.4. Addressing 21
3.4.1. Unicast Mode 21
3.4.2. Broadcast Mode 21
4. RF Modem Configuration 22
4.1. Programming the RF Modem 22
4.1.1. Programming Examples 22
4.2. Command Reference Tables 23
4.3. Command Descriptions 29
4.4. API Operation 43
4.4.1. API Frame Specifications 43
4.4.2. API Types 44
Appendix A: Agency Certifications 48
FCC Certification 48
OEM Labeling Requirements 48
FCC Notices 48
FCC-Approved Antennas (2.4 GHz) 49
European Certification 50
OEM Labeling Requirements 50
Restrictions 50
Declarations of Conformity 50
Approved Antennas 51
IC (Industry Canada) Certification 51
Labeling Requirements 51
Appendix B: Additional Information 52
1-Year Warranty 52
Ordering Information 52
Contact MaxStream 53

XBee‐PROPKG‐R™RS‐232RFModem–802.15.4‐ProductManualv1.x82[2006.04.24]
©2006MaxStream,Inc.,Confidential&Proprietary‐AllRightsReserved 4
1.XBee‐PRORS‐232RFModem
The XBee-PRO RS-232 RF Modem is an IEEE 802.15.4 compliant solution
that features an RS-232 interface. Out-of-box, the modem is equipped to
sustain outstanding range (2-3x the range of typical 802.15.4 solutions) and
requires no additional configuration for immediate RF communications. Sim-
ply feed data into one modem, then the data is sent out the other end of the
wireless link.
The modem transfers a standard asynchronous serial data stream between
two or more devices. Its built-in RS-232 interface allows for rapid integration
into existing data systems.
1.1. Features Overview
Long Range Data Integrity
Range
• Indoor/Urban: up to 300’ (100m)
• Outdoor line-of-sight: up to 1 mile (1.6km)
Transmit Power: 60 mW (18 dBm),
100 mW (20 dBm) EIRP
Receiver Sensitivity: -100 dBm
RF Data Rate: 250,000 bps
Advanced Networking & Security
Retries and Acknowledgements
DSSS (Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum)
Each direct sequence channels has over
65,000 unique network addresses available
Source/Destination Addressing
Unicast & Broadcast Communications
Point-to-point, point-to-multipoint
and peer-to-peer topologies supported
Coordinator/End Device networking
128-bit Encryption (downloadable firmware
version coming soon)
Low Power
Power Currents
• Receive Current: 80 mA (@9V)
• Transmit Current: 300 mA
• Power-down Current: < 6 mA
Easy-to-Use
No configuration necessary for out-of box
RF communications
Free X-CTU Software
(Testing and configuration software)
Built-in RS-232 interfacing
Small form factor
Network compatible with other
802.15.4 devices
AT and API Command Modes for
configuring modem parameters
Free & Unlimited Technical Support
1.1.1. Worldwide Acceptance
FCC Approved (USA) Refer to Appendix A [p48] for FCC Requirements.
Systems that include XBee-PRO RF Modems inherit MaxStream Certifications.
Operates within the ISM (Industrial, Scientific & Medical) 2.4 GHz frequency band
Manufactured under ISO 9001:2000 registered standards
XBee-PRO RF Modems are optimized for use in US, Canada, Australia, Israel and
Europe (contact MaxStream for complete list of approvals).

XBee‐PROPKG‐R™RS‐232RFModem–802.15.4‐ProductManualv1.x82[2006.04.24]
©2006MaxStream,Inc.,Confidential&Proprietary‐AllRightsReserved 5
1.2. Specifications
*WhenoperatinginEurope:XBee‐PRORFModemsmustbeconfiguredtooperateatamaximumtransmit
poweroutputlevelof10dBm.SetthePLparameterto“0”(10dBm)inordertoadheretoEuropeanregulations.
Table1‐01. SpecificationsoftheXBee‐PROPKG‐RRS‐232RFModem
Specification XBee-PRO RS-232 RF Modem
Performance
Indoor/Urban Range (w/ 2.1 dB dipole antenna) up to 300’ (100 m)
Outdoor/Urban Range (w/ 2.1 dB dipole antenna) up to 4000’ (1200 m)
Transmit Power Output 60 mW, 100 mw (20 dBm) EIRP*
Receiver Sensitivity -100 dBm (1% packet error rate)
Interface Data Rate 1200 - 115200 bps (non-standard baud rates also supported)
RF Data Rate 250,000 bps
Networking & Security
Frequency ISM 2.4 GHz
Modulation DSSS (Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum),
OQPSK (Offset Quadrature Phase Shift Keying)
Supported Network Topologies Point-to-point, Point-to-Multipoint, Peer-to-Peer & Mesh (coming soon)
Number of Channels (software selectable) 12 Direct Sequence Channels
Addressing Layers PAN ID, Channel & Source/Destination Addresses
Antenna
Connector RPSMA (reverse polarity SMA)
Impedance 50 ohms unbalanced
Power Requirements
Power Supply 5 - 14V
Receive Current 80 mA (@ 9 Volts)
Transmit Current 300 mA
(Average current when streaming data (@9600bps) = 86 mA)
Power-down Current <6 mA
Physical Properties
Size 4.500” x 2.750” x 1.125” (11.4cm x 7.0cm x 2.9cm)
Weight 5.25 oz. (150 g)
Data Connection Female DB-9
Operating Temperature -40 - 85º C (Industrial)
Certifications (partial list)
United States (FCC Part 15.247) OUR-XBEEPRO
Industry Canada (IC) 4214A XBEEPRO
Europe (CE) ETSI (Max. 10 mW transmit power output)*

XBee‐PROPKG‐R™RS‐232RFModem–802.15.4‐ProductManualv1.x82[2006.04.24]
©2006MaxStream,Inc.,Confidential&Proprietary‐AllRightsReserved 6
1.3. External Interface
1-01a. Reset Switch
Figure1‐01. FrontView The Reset Switch is used to reset (re-boot) the XBee-PRO RS-232 RF
Modem. This switch only applies when using the configuration tabs of
MaxStream’s X-CTU Software.
1-01b. I/O & Power LEDs
LEDs indicate RF modem activity as follows:
Yellow (top LED) = Serial Data Out (to host)
Green (middle) = Serial Data In (from host)
Red (bottom) = Power/TX Indicator (LED is on when RF
modem is powered)
1-01c. Serial Port
Standard female DB-9 (RS-232) connector.
1-01d. RSSI LEDs
RSSI LEDs indicate the amount of fade margin present in an active
wireless link. Fade margin is defined as the difference between the
incoming signal strength and the modem's receiver sensitivity.
3 LEDs ON = Very Strong Signal (> 30 dB fade margin)
2 LEDs ON = Strong Signal (> 20 dB fade margin)
1 LED ON = Moderate Signal (> 10 dB fade margin)
0 LED ON = Weak Signal (< 10 dB fade margin)
1-01e. Power Connector
5-14 VDC power connector
1-02a. DIP Switch
Figure1‐02. BackView DIP Switch functions are not supported in this release. Future down-
loadable firmware versions will support DIP Switch configurations.
1-02b. Antenna Port
Port is a 50ΩRF signal connector for connecting to an external
antenna. The connector type is RPSMA (Reverse Polarity SMA)
female. The connector has threads on the outside of a barrel and a
male center conductor.
1-01a. Reset Switch
1-01b. I/O & Power LEDs
1-01c. Serial Port
1-01e. Power Connector
1-01d. RSSI LEDs
1-02b. Antenna Port
1-02a. DIP Switch

XBee‐PROPKG‐R™RS‐232RFModem–802.15.4‐ProductManualv1.x82[2006.04.24]
©2006MaxStream,Inc.,Confidential&Proprietary‐AllRightsReserved 7
2.InterfacingProtocol
2.1. RS-232 Operation
2.1.1. Pin Signals
Figure2‐01. PinsusedonthefemaleRS‐232(DB‐9)SerialConnector
*Functionslistedintheimplementationcolumnmaynotbeavailableatthetimeofrelease.
Table2‐01. PinAssignmentsandImplementations
DB-9 Pin RS-232 Name Description Implementation*
1 DCD Data-Carrier-Detect Connected to DSR (pin6)
2 RXD Received Data Serial data exiting the RF modem
(to host)
3 TXD Transmitted Data Serial data entering into the RF modem
(from host)
4 DTR Data-Terminal-Ready Can enable Power-down on the RF modem
5 GND Ground Signal Ground
6 DSR Data-Set-Ready Connected to DCD (pin1)
7RTS / CMD Request-to-Send /
Command Mode Provides RTS flow control or
enables "Command Mode" on the RF modem
8CTS Clear-to-Send Provides CTS flow control
9 RI Ring Indicator Optional power input that is connected internally to
the positive lead of the front power connector

XBee‐PROPKG‐R™RS‐232RFModem–802.15.4‐ProductManualv1.x82[2006.04.24]
©2006MaxStream,Inc.,Confidential&Proprietary‐AllRightsReserved 8
2.1.2. Wiring Diagrams
DTE RS-232 Device to a DCE RF Modem
Figure2‐02. RS‐232Device(DTE‐maleconnector)wiredtoanXBee‐PRORFModem(DCE‐female)
DCE RF Modem to an DCE RS-232 Device
Figure2‐03. XBee‐PRORFModem(DCE‐femaleconnector)wiredtoanRS‐232device(DCE)
Sample Wireless Connection: DTE <--> DCE DCE <--> DCE
Figure2‐04. TypicalwirelesslinkbetweenDTEandDCEdevices

XBee‐PROPKG‐R™RS‐232RFModem–802.15.4‐ProductManualv1.x82[2006.04.24]
©2006MaxStream,Inc.,Confidential&Proprietary‐AllRightsReserved 9
3.RFModemOperation
3.1. Serial Communications
3.1.1. RS-232 Data Flow
The XBee-PRO RS-232 RF Modem interfaces to a host device through a standard RS-232 (DB-9)
connector. Devices that have a standard RS-232 serial port can connect directly through the pins
of the RF modem as shown in the figure below.
Figure3‐01. SystemdataflowinanRS‐232environment
3.1.2. Host and RF Modem Settings
Serial communications between a host and an XBee-PRO RF Modem are dependent upon having
matching baud rate, parity, stop bit & number of data bits settings. Refer to the table below to
ensure host serial port settings match those of the XBee-PRO RF Modem.
Both the XBee-PRO RF Modem and host (PC) settings can be viewed and adjusted using Max-
Stream's proprietary X-CTU Software. Use the "PC Settings" tab to configure host settings. Use the
"Terminal" or "RF Modem Configuration" tabs to configure the RF modem settings.
NOTE: Failure to enter AT Command Mode is most commonly due to baud rate mismatch. Ensure
the ‘Baud’ setting on the “PC Settings” tab matches the BD (Interface Data Rate) setting of the RF
modem (by default, BD parameter = 3, which is associated to 9600 baud).
Table3‐01. ParametervaluescriticaltoserialcommunicationsbetweentheRFmodemandhost
Parameter Setting Default Parameter Value
Baud (Serial Data Rate) 9600 bps (BD parameter = 3)
Number of Data Bits 8
Parity None
Number of Stop Bits 1

XBee‐PROPKG‐R™RS‐232RFModem–802.15.4‐ProductManualv1.x82[2006.04.24]
©2006MaxStream,Inc.,Confidential&Proprietary‐AllRightsReserved 10
3.1.3. Flow Control
Figure3‐02. InternalDataFlowDiagram
DI (Data In) Buffer
When serial data enters the RF modem through the DI (Data In) pin, the data is stored in the DI
Buffer until it can be processed.
Hardware Flow Control (CTS). When the DI buffer is 17 bytes away from being full; by default,
the modem de-asserts CTS (high) to signal to the host device to stop sending data [refer to D7
(DIO7 Configuration) parameter]. CTS is re-asserted after the DI Buffer has 34 bytes of memory
available.
How to eliminate the need for flow control:
Case in which the DI Buffer may become full and possibly overflow:
Refer to the BD (Interface Data Rate) [p31] and RO (Packetization Timeout) [p39] command descrip-
tions for more information.
DO (Data Out) Buffer
When RF data is received, the data enters the DO buffer and is sent out the serial port to a host
device. Once the DO Buffer reaches capacity, any additional incoming RF data is lost.
Hardware Flow Control (RTS). If RTS is enabled for flow control (D6 (DIO6 Configuration)
Parameter = 1), data will not be sent out the DO Buffer as long as RTS (DIO6) is de-asserted.
Two cases in which the DO Buffer may become full and possibly overflow:
1. Send messages that are smaller than the DI buffer size.
2. Interface at a lower baud rate [BD (Interface Data Rate) parameter] than the throughput
data rate.
If the modem is receiving a continuous stream of RF data, any serial data that arrives on the DI
pin is placed in the DI Buffer. The data in the DI buffer will be transmitted over-the-air when the
modem is no longer receiving RF data in the network.
1. If the RF data rate is set higher than the interface data rate of the modem, the modem will
receive data from the transmitting modem faster than it can send the data to the host.
2. If the host does not allow the modem to transmit data out from the DO buffer because of
being held off by hardware or software flow control.