MFJ MFJ-1644 User manual

MFJ-1644 Deluxe Whip Tuner Instruction Manual
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MFJ-1644 Deluxe Whip Tuner with Artificial Ground
IMPORTANT: Please read entire manual before attempting to operate this equipment. This unit does
not provide a dc or low frequency earth ground from the counterpoise terminal. A separate wire should
be connected from the station ground bus to an electric ground. Do not place any counterpoise or non-
coaxial feed wires near metallic or RF sensitive devices.
Introduction
The MFJ-1644 is a 200 watt, 80-10 meter antenna tuner designed for tuning short whips as well as
virtually any random length wire antenna. It is perfect for either fixed station or portable use, and, with
its built-in artificial ground tuning system, will match any transmitter or transceiver to virtually any
antenna.
The MFJ-1644 tuner section uses a reversible "L" network. The advantage of the “L” network is that it
has only two tuning controls, and only one tuning solution for given impedance match. The MFJ-1644
has rear panel connectors for coaxial input and a “Hi-Z/Lo-Z” switch for reversing the “L” network. An
internal input-isolating current balun provides isolation of DC and RF grounds for optimum tuning of the
RF counterpoise.
An RF Current Meter indicates the summed antenna and counterpoise antenna currents, making tuning
particularly easy. Simply tune for maximum RF current.
MFJ-1644 Supplied Components (30-10 meter operation)
•MFJ-1956 12 ft. telescopic whip antenna
•Counterpoise assembly (6, 14, and 26 ft. long wires)
MFJ-1644 Optional Components ( 40-80 meter operation)
•MFJ-63 Loading Coil Assembly for 40-80 meter operation with the MFJ-1956 12 ft.
telescopic whip antenna
Installation
1. Locate the MFJ-1644 in a convenient location at the operating position. Avoid placing the tuner
near microphones, speech processors, computers, TNC's or other RF sensitive devices.
WARNING: High RF voltages exist at the antenna and counterpoise terminals. Avoid
touching these terminals while transmitting!
2. Connect your transceiver’s output to the SO-239 (UHF female) connector labeled
TRANSMITTER on the back of the tuner.

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3. Connect the MFJ-1956 12 ft. telescopic whip antenna to the 3/8x24 stud on the top of the unit. For
40-80 meter operation with the MFJ-1956, you will need the optional MFJ-63 coil assembly.
Using the MFJ-1644
CAUTION:Never Change The Antenna or Inductor Selector Switch Position While
Transmitting! Never Apply More Than 200 Watts To The MFJ-1644.
Preset the controls on the MFJ-1644 as follows:
•ANTENNA to maximum inductance -Position "A".
•MATCHING to minimum capacitance –Position “10”
•NORM/+C switch to NORM
•COUNTERPOISE to minimum inductance –Position “L”
•Hi-Z/Lo-Z switch (back of unit) to Lo-Z.
•SENSITIVITY control fully clockwise (maximum sensitivity)
Most modern solid state transceivers do not require tuning and loading adjustments. If the transceiver
has a built in antenna tuner, be sure it is turned off or disabled. If your transmitter has an adjustable
output circuit, it must be properly tuned to a 50 ohm load at the operating frequency before adjusting
the tuner. This should be done with a dummy load.
Tuning Procedure
WARNING: Never transmit while changing the INDUCTOR SELECTOR.
1) First, tune for maximum receiver noise as follows:
•While listening to your desired receive frequency, adjust the ANTENNA control for
maximum receiver noise.
•Adjust the MATCHING control for maximum receiver noise.
•Adjust the COUNTERPOISE control for maximum receiver noise.
Note: If no noise peak is evident, try adding extra capacitance with the NORM/+C
switch. Then reverse the HI-Z/LO-Z switch and re-try with both positions of the
NORM/+C switch.
2) Apply just enough power on CW (or AM/FM/RTTY) to obtain a noticeable deflection on the RF
CURRENT meter.
3) Carefully adjust the ANTENNA, MATCHING and COUNTERPOISE controls for maximum RF
current as follows.
•Adjust the MATCHING capacitor for maximum RF current.
•Adjust the COUNTERPOISE inductor for maximum RF current.
•Try plus or minus a position or two on the ANTENNA inductor, along with tuning the
MATCHING capacitor to see if higher RF current is achievable.

MFJ-1644 Deluxe Whip Tuner Instruction Manual
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Note: These controls interact. Go back and forth between these adjustments as required until
maximum RF current is obtained.
4) The transmitter power may now be increased up to a maximum of 200 watts. Make sure you
reduce the RF SENSITIVITY control as necessary to keep from pinning the RF Current meter.
Note: The MFJ-1644 will reduce the SWR of most antenna systems to below 1.5:1. Maximum RF
current also corresponds to minimum SWR. This can be verified with an external SWR meter if
desired.
In Case of Difficulty
If this tuner fails to tune, please double check all connections and follow the tuning procedure again.
The power rating of this tuner is 200 watts on 80-10 meters. If this tuner arcs at the rated power
levels, please double-check all connections and follow the tuning procedure again.
If you are still unsuccessful, please read the following ANTENNA HINTS text.
Grounding Hints
To minimize RFI, antennas should be kept away from other wiring as much as possible. Also, the
antenna should be adequately insulated to prevent arcing or accidental contact if placed near other
objects.
For safety, it is always best to use both dc and RF grounds. A DC ground may not be practical in
some portable locations, however.
It is always important to have a good RF ground, provided by the counterpoise, when using any whip or
long-wire antenna. This is because the MFJ-1644 tuner needs something to "push" against in order to
force current into the antenna. If a good RF ground is not available, RF will usually find its way back
into the power line (RFI), transmitter audio circuits (RF feedback), or the operator (RF burns).
Water pipes provide good dc and ac safety grounds, but they are often inadequate for RF grounding
because they are long single conductors. RF grounds require large "spread out" surfaces with direct
multiple connections to the equipment ground point. Water pipes, heating ducts, or multiple ground
rods may work (especially if they are all connected together with jumper wires), but the best RF
grounds are radial systems or multi-wire counterpoises.

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Antenna Hints
WARNING: For operator safety, a good earth ground should be installed and connected to
the case of the MFJ-1644. Make certain the safety ground connects to the
same terminal that connects to the transmitter and other station accessories.
A binding post labeled "COUNTERPOISE" is provided for counterpoise or
other RF ground connection(s). This post will not provide a safety ground.
Matching Problems
Most matching problems occur when the antenna system presents extremely high impedance to the
tuner. This occurs when the antenna is approximately a half-wavelength long at the frequency at which
you are trying to tune.
MFJ-1644 Artificial Ground
The MFJ-1644 contains a series L-circuit that is used to tune the RF ground system (either a
counterpoise or a ground wire). Maximum ground current will flow through the MFJ-1644 RF current
meter when the COUNTERPOISE switch is properly set.
Installation of a Suitable Counterpoise / Artificial Ground
The MFJ-1644 includes a counterpoise set of wires that will work well from 80-10 meters. It is
important to keep the last few feet of the counterpoise wires as far as possible (two feet minimum) from
each other and other near-by conductors.
You can also build your own counterpoise system if you desire. A RF counterpoise system can be as
simple as a single wire a quarter wave long or less, or as complicated as several wires cut for different
bands. Always insulate counterpoise wires and keep them from accidentally contacting animals, people,
RF sensitive devices and wiring. For best performance, try to position the counterpoise wires in a
straight line if possible.
A counterpoise wire must be well insulated. For best performance, several wires a quarter-
wavelength long on different frequencies should be connected together at the COUNTERPOISE post
of the MFJ-1644.
When counterpoise wires are located indoors, they can be laid on a floor under a carpet, placed in an
attic, or stapled to a basement ceiling. If you place the counterpoise under the carpet or where
someone may contact it, be sure to use well insulated wire and multiple counterpoise wires. Insulate the
far end of the counterpoise wire(s) with electrical tape to prevent accidental contact.

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When counterpoise wires are used outdoors, only place them high enough to walk under. Use multiple
wires spaced a few feet apart (at minimum).
DANGER: Touching counterpoise and/or antenna wires while transmitting can cause an RF
burn. The wire must be well insulated and the end properly insulated.
There are cases very little deflection of the RF current meter can be seen. However, even though the
meter may not indicate much RF current change while adjusting the COUNTERPOISE control, even
the slightest RF current peak indicates that the artificial ground is helping.
Tuning Out Reactance of Long Ground Leads
If the station ground has a long lead, you can connect it to the COUNTERPOISE binding post of the
MFJ-1644. Connect the station ground bus and accessories to the GROUND post. Do not reverse
these wires. Follow the same procedure for maximizing RF Current described in the tuning procedure.
WARNING: This unit does NOT provide a dc or ac safety ground through the
COUNTERPOISE terminal. A separate wire from the station ground bus to
an electrical or earth ground must be used.
TVI and RFI Hints
It is possible for RF to flow down power cables into the house wiring. This may cause TVI, Stereo,
VCR or other RFI problems. As a precaution, a ferrite core can be clamped around power leads. The
MFJ-701 RFI-FREE CHOKE KIT makes it easy to eliminate common RFI problems.
Technical Assistance:
If you have any problem with this unit first check the appropriate section of this manual. If the manual
does not reference your problem or your problem is not solved by reading the manual, you may call
MFJ Technical Service at 662-323-0549 or the MFJ Factory at 662-323-5869. You will be best
helped if you have your unit, manual and all information on your station handy so you can answer any
questions the technicians may ask.
You can also send questions by mail to MFJ Enterprises, Inc., 300 Industrial Park Road, Starkville,
MS 39759; by Facsimile (FAX) to 662-323-6551; or by email to [email protected]. Send
a complete description of your problem, an explanation of exactly how you are using your unit, and a
complete description of your station.

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Tuning Chart
You may wish to remove or make a copy of this page and place it near the tuner. Insert your own
values for each frequency according to your station.
Freq MHz Counterpoise Matching Antenna Hi/Lo Z switch Extra cap switch
1.8
1.8
2.0
2.0
3.5
3.5
3.5
3.75
3.75
3.75
4.0
4.0
4.0
7.15
7.15
10.1
10.1
14.2
18.1
18.1
21.2
21.2
24.9
28.5

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Schematic