Midian VS-1200 User manual

VS-1200
Frequency Domain Voice Scrambler with Multi-Format ANI
VS-1000
Voice Inversion Scrambler
VS-1050
Voice Inversion Scrambler with Multi-Format ANI
Manual Revision: 2009-06-26
Covers Firmware Revisions:
VS1xxx: 01.31.00 & Higher
Covers Hardware Revisions:
VS1xxx: 359B
1

HARDWARE SPECIFICATIONS
Operating Voltage 4.75-15.5 VDC***
Operating Current – VS-1200:
Power Save Mode (COR Operation) 2.5 mA typical
Power Save Mode (VOX Operation) 10 mA typical
Clear or Inversion Operation 29 mA typical
FFT Scrambling Operation 83 mA typical
Average w/COR Power Save (80-10-10 cycle) <17 mA*
Average w/COR Power Save (90-5-5 cycle) ~10.5 mA*
Operating Current – VS-1000 & VS-1050:
Power Save Mode (COR Operation) 2.5 mA typical
Power Save Mode (VOX Operation) 10 mA typical
Clear or Inversion Operation 17.5 mA typical
Average w/COR Power Save (80-10-10 cycle) <5 mA*
Average w/COR Power Save (90-5-5 cycle) <4 mA*
Operating Temperature -30 - +60 C
Frequency Response 300-3000 Hz**
Input Impedance >45 kΩ
Input Level (TX) 0.05-2.5 VPP
Input Level (RX) 0.05-2.5 VPP
Audio Output Impedance < 1200 Ohm
Dimensions ~1.6” L x 0.83” W x 0.21” H
* - The transmit and receive cycles are based on scrambled mode. When using clear mode, the consumption will decrease.
** - This is based on FFT scrambling. When using voice inversion this will vary.
*** - The VS-1000 and VS-1050 support 4.75 to 15.5 VDC. The VS-1200 supports 4.75 to 10 VDC. If a higher voltage input is
needed on the VS-1200 a 4.7 Volt Zener diode must be installed in series with the voltage input lead.
SECURITY SPECIFICATIONS
VS-1200:
Total Code Combinations ~6.2 x 10^23
Actual Code Combinations ~4 Billion
Number of Selectable Keys 3
Levels of Security 4
Inversion 2100-4100 Hz (0-15 Hz resolution)
Level 1 16 bins
Level 2 32 bins
Level 3 64 bins
VS-1000 & VS-1050:
Number of Selectable Keys 4
Inversion Frequency Range 2100-4100 Hz (0-15 Hz resolution)
VS-1200 & VS-1050 ANI SPECIFICATIONS
DTMF ANI Length Up to 6-digits
DTMF ANI Timing 60/40 msec (Programmable)
5-Tone ANI Length Up to 6-digits
5-Tone ANI Timing Programmable
G-Star ANI Range 0001-9999
G-Star ANI Timing 320 msec
Motorola’s MDC-1200 ANI Range 0000-FFFF
Motorola’s MDC-1200 ANI Timing ~180 msec
Kenwood’s FleetSync Unit ID Range 1000-4999
Kenwood’s FleetSyncUnit ID Timing ~100-150 msec
2

GENERAL INFORMATION
VS-1200:
The VS-1200 is a Digital Signal Processor (DSP) based Frequency Domain voice scrambler offering a high level
of voice privacy. The DSP converts the analog signal into quantitized digital data. It then converts the “Time
Domain” signal into the “Frequency Domain”. This results in an audio “frequency spectrum”, which is then
partitioned into bins that are encrypted by the non-linear key generator. The digitized data is converted back to
the analog realm using a digital to analog converter.
The above technique and the lack of synchronization result in excellent audio quality, high security and enable the
VS-1XXX to be used in virtually any type of radio system. These systems include HF SSB, Conventional Two-
Way, Trunking, Voting and Simulcast.
In addition to the scrambling functions the VS-1200 offers ANI and Emergency ANI encode in the following
formats:
•Motorola’s MDC-1200
•Kenwood’s FleetSync
•M/A-Com’s G-Star (aka GE-Star)
•DTMF
•5-Tone (all formats)
VS-1000:
Midian’s VS-1000 voice inversion scrambler provides an entry level of voice security for two-way radio
communications. The VS-1000 provides up to 16 different inversion frequencies that are selectable using 4-line
binary. These inversion frequencies are programmable using Midian’s KL-3. The VS-1000 is compatible with
Midian’s VPU series voice inversion scramblers.
VS-1050:
Midian’s VS-1050 is a voice inversion scrambler with multi-format ANI encode. The VS-1050 has the same
scrambling features as the VS-1000, but adds ANI and Emergency ANI encode in the following formats:
•Motorola’s MDC-1200
•Kenwood’s FleetSync
•M/A-Com’s G-Star (aka GE-Star)
•DTMF
•5-Tone (all formats)
3

INSTALLATION OVERVIEW
1. Test the radio for functionality.
2. Program the radio per the Radio Programming Section of this manual.
3. Install the scrambler into the radio per the Hardware Installation Section of this manual.
4. Program the scrambler per the Product Programming Section of this manual.
Note: Midian is not responsible for any damage/loss resulting from the use of Midian’s products.
RADIO PROGRAMMING
For any programming instructions for a particular radio, please consult Midian’s application notes for the VS-1xxx
series, if available.
4

HARDWARE INSTALLATION
Be certain to follow standard anti-static procedures when handling any of Midian’s products. For installation
instructions into a particular radio, please consult Midian’s application notes for the VS-1XXX, if available.
Before installing the scrambler, follow the alignment procedures starting on page 6.
For all diode protected inputs (i.e. PTT Input, Mode Input, COR Input) the voltage level to be required for a logic
low is less than 0.5 V and a logic high requires at least 2.1 V.
P1 – Connector Side
P1-1 – Green – PTT Input – Connect the PTT Input lead to the high side of the PTT switch.
P1-2 – Red – VIN +4.75-15.5 VDC – Connect to switched battery point in the radio. Connect to a regulated
voltage point in a vehicular radio if engine noise is present on the battery line. Keep this lead as short as possible.
The VS-1000 and VS-1050 support 4.75 to 15.5 VDC. The VS-1200 supports 4.75 to 10 VDC. If a higher voltage
input is needed on the VS-1200 a 4.7 Volt Zener diode must be installed in series with the voltage input lead.
P1-3 – Brown –Mode Select & VS-1200 Code Select – Connect to a momentary or latching switch. If a latching
switch then code select is not available.
P1-4 – Black – Ground – Connect to the nearest ground plane in the radio.
P1-5 – Blue – TX Audio In – The VS-1XXX must be installed in the TX audio path between the microphone and
the insertion point of CTCSS or other tone signaling. Break the TX audio path and connect to the side nearest the
microphone.
P1-6 – Orange – Emergency Input – Future Use.
P1-7 – Yellow – RX Audio In – The VS-1XXX must be installed in the receive audio path after the CTCSS high
pass filter and where any tone signaling is picked off. This point needs to be given a constant level. If possible
connect to the high-side of the volume control where a constant level is available. Connect to the source of the
audio at the break.
P1-8 – Green/White – Audio Enable Out - This output is active during whenever the VS-1XXX beeps such as when
indicating mode. Connect this lead to a point in the radio, which will turn on the radio’s speaker power amp, allowing beep
tones to be heard.
P1-9 – White – PTT Out – Future Use.
P1-10 – Gray/White – RX Audio Out – Connect to the side closest to the receiver's speaker driver amplifier at the
above mentioned break point (see P1-7). In addition to outputting receive audio, this lead outputs beep tones
whenever applicable, such as when the mode switch is pressed.
P1-11 – Gray - Mode Out – If desired, connect to the cathode of an LED with a 1 K limiting resistor in series
connected to a voltage source up to 15 V. Failure to include a current limiting resistor in series with the LED will
cause damage. This output is used to provide a visual indication of scramble or clear mode. Another application
of this output is to provide a logic level (high or low (0-3.3 V)) to indicate mode to the radio’s mode indication icon
(if applicable).
P1-12 – Orange/White – TX Audio Out – Connect to the point nearest the modulator at the above-mentioned
breakpoint (see P1-5).
P1-13 – Violet – COR Input – Connect to a point in the radio receiver squelch circuit thatchanges state when carrier is
present.
5

P2 – Non-Connector Side
P2-1 – Program Input – Connect the green clip lead from the KL-3 programmer to this point or Pad 3.
P2-2 – Program Output – Connect the yellow clip lead from the KL-3 programmer to this point or Pad 4.
P2-3 – Code Select 0 – This line would be connected to Binary Select 1. For 2-line to 4-line binary this would be
the least significant bit (LSB). Note: The VS-1200 can only use 1-line or 2-line binary as it is only capable of 3
codes. The VS-1000 and VS-1050 can support up to 4-linebinary for 16 codes.
P2-4 – Option 1 – Future Use
P2-5 – Code Select 1 – This line would be connected to Binary Select 2. In 2-line binary mode this is the most
significant bit (MSB).
P2-6 – Code Select 2 – This line would be connected to Binary Select 4. In 3-line binary mode this is the most
significant bit (MSB).
P2-7 – Code Select 3 – This line would be connected to Binary Select 8. In 4-line binary mode this is the most
significant bit (MSB).
P2-8 – Monitor/LTR Input – This input is currently available for use as a trunking delay input. Connect this input to
a point in the radio that goes low or high when a channel is acquired. Program the scrambler with the active
polarity. This input only needs to be connected when using leading ANI in the VS-1050 and VS-1200.
P2-9 – Horn Output – Future Use
P2-10 – Option 2 – Future Use
P2-11 – Optional Input – Future Use
6

HARDWARE ALIGNMENT
This section describes to determine and set the audio levels.
Audio Levels Overview:
To ensure the best audio quality, the scrambler must be configured to match the audio levels used by the radio.
The scrambler uses programmable gain amplifiers to accomplish this. Determining the gain settings for these
amplifiers is an involved process, so Midian simplified this process by developing an algorithm that requires the
technician to make only four voltage measurements. From these four measurements, all of the many internal
settings are determined.
Still, getting the best audio quality will likely require a bit of trial and error. The scrambler only has control of audio
voltage levels, not input and output impedances. These impedances can dramatically influence the levels.
The Four Voltage Measurements:
An oscilloscope and a communications test set/service monitor are required for the measurements. It is
recommended that the measurements be recorded in units of mV peak-to-peak. Each measurement must be
taken with system modulation at either 60% or 100%. Most transmitters will not actually modulate at 100%, so
60% is recommended for TX measurements.
These following measurements should be made before installing the scrambler. Also, the measurement
procedures assume that the audio pickup and insertion points have already been determined by the installer.
A method for controlling transmit modulation is required for accurate measurements in the TX mode. A small
speaker held in place near the microphone by a rubber band can serve this purpose in most cases. Use a sine-
wave generator to inject a 1000 Hz tone into the speaker. Adjust the output of the sine wave generator so that the
transmitter produces 60% of rated modulation while PTT is pressed. Note that if the audio source (such as a
speaker) is moved even slightly, the TX modulation may change significantly. Care must be taken to avoid
changing the TX modulation while taking the measurements.
In most wired-in applications, a two-terminal component such as a capacitor must be removed from the radio to
break the audio path. However, the first two measurements must be taken using a radio that has not been
modified. The 2nd two measurements require that power be applied to the scrambler. These measurements must
be taken within 15 seconds of powering the scrambler on. This is because the scrambler may enter power saving
mode after that time. Measurements made while the scrambler is in power saving mode will not be valid. The unit
ships with the power save feature enabled by default. The power save feature can be disabled via the KL-3
programming software so that it will not interfere with taking measurements, if desired.
1. RX Output: The goal of this procedure is to determine the audio level that would normally appear at the RX
audio insertion point in an unmodified radio. Modulate a 1000 Hz tone at either 60% or 100%. Measure the
voltage level appearing on the output side of the component that will be removed to break the RX audio path.
2. TX Output: The goal of this procedure is to determine the audio level that would normally appear at the TX
audio insertion point in an unmodified radio. Provide the radio an audio source generating a 1000 Hz tone and
key the radio. Adjust the audio source such that the modulation is at 60%. Measure the voltage level
appearing on the output side of the component that will be removed to break the
TX audio path.
7

3. RX Input: The goal of this procedure is to determine the audio level that the scrambler board will see at the
RX audio pickup point after it is installed. This requires a partial installation of the scrambler, even if only
temporary.
The scrambler must be powered-on while making this measurement, so the power input leads of the
scrambler must be connected to a switched power source within the radio. Also, the component that will need
to be removed to break the RX audio path must be removed. The scrambler board RX input wire must be
connected to the RX audio pickup point. Modulate a 1000 Hz tone at either 60% or 100%. Measure the audio
level at RX audio pickup point.
4. TX Input: The goal of this procedure is to determine the audio level that the scrambler board will see at the
TX audio pickup point after it is installed. This requires a partial installation of the scrambler, even if only
temporary.
The scrambler must be powered-on while making this measurement, so the power input leads of the
scrambler must be connected to a switched power source within the radio. Also, the component that will need
to be removed to break the TX audio path must be removed. The scrambler board TX input wire must be
connected to the TX audio pickup point. Provide the radio an audio source generating a 1000 Hz tone and key
the radio. Adjust the audio source such that the modulation is at 60%. Measure the audio level at the TX
audio pickup point.
Programming The Audio Levels:
After determining the audio levels at the audio hookup points, it will be necessary to program the scrambler to
match these levels. In the programming software, there is a slider control on the Audio Levels Screen for each of
the of four audio hookup points. Locate the column that corresponds to the modulation and units of measurement
for each of the audio hookup points. Adjust the slider bar such that the value appearing in the appropriate column
matches what was measured as closely as possible.
Beep Volume Level:
Adjust the slider for the desired beep volume. This level is expressed as a percentage of max voice audio level.
8

PRODUCT PROGRAMMING
Midian’s VS-1xxx is programmed via Midian’s KL-3 programming cable and software. Please reference the KL-3
manual for setup instructions of the KL-3 software and hardware. From the product selection screen in the KL-3
software, select the VS-1xxx from the list and click OK.
Set the parameters of the VS-1xxx software to fit the application. If any clarifications on a feature are required,
move the mouse cursor over the feature name until the question mark appears and right click, a definition of the
feature will be shown.
After entering the parameters, save the file by going to File - Save As. Enter the file name in the File Name block
and click Save. Saving the file will allow for quick and easy reprogramming of units.
Connect the Black clip lead from the KL-3 to a common ground. Connect the Green clip lead from the KL-3 to P2-
1 or Pad 3 of the VS-1xxx. Connect the Yellow clip lead from the KL-3 to P2-2 or Pad 4 of the VS-1xxx. All three
clip leads must be connected for reading and writing.
Turn power on to the VS-1xxx and within 15 seconds select Program Unit or Read Unit in the KL-3 software.
Upon power up the scrambler will be awake for 15 seconds before going into Power Save mode.
After programming or reading the VS-1xxx turn off the scrambler for 3 seconds and then turn back on.
Note: For the VS-1200 the security pass phrases can use any 8-bit ASCII keyboard characters. These include the
characters on a typical English keyboard such as 0-9, A-Z (upper and lower case), *, #, @, $, etc. Spaces are
also allowed. Midian does not recommend using international language character such as ñ, ä, ß, ü, é, etc. as
these have not been tested. Please also note that the pass phrases are case sensitive.
Important Note: Do not attempt to ‘clone’ the scrambler by reading one and then programming another. When
the scrambler is read, the pass phrases will be read out as “<undefined>”. If another scrambler is then cloned
with this information, the scramblers will be incompatible because they have different pass phrases. To ensure
scramblers communicate with each other, program them from a saved file.
9

OPERATION
Mode Select:
Momentary Switch: When using a momentary switch, pressing and then releasing the switch will cause the
scrambler to switch modes. A medium tone followed by a high tone indicates the scrambler has been switched
into scrambled mode. A medium tone followed by a low tone indicates the scrambler has been switched into clear
mode.
Latched Switch: When using a latched switch, pressing the switch will toggle the mode. Depending on the
programmed polarity will determine the mode. For example if the polarity is programmed as low, then the
scrambler will be in scrambled mode when taken to ground.
Code Select:
Momentary Switch: When using a momentary switch, pressing and holding the switch will toggle the scrambler
through the programmed codes (1-3 codes) if programmed. The scrambler will emit a number of tones
corresponding to the code that is being switched to. When the desired code is reached simply release the switch.
Latched Switch: Multi-code operation is not available when using a latched switch.
1-Line Binary: If using the binary mode and up to 2 codes are programmed this provides selection of 2 codes
depending on the state of the code select line.
2-Line Binary: If using the binary mode and up to 4 codes are programmed this provides selection of up to 4
codes depending on the state of the code select lines. Note: The VS-1200 only supports up to 3 codes.
3-Line Binary: If using the binary mode and up to 8 codes are programmed this provides selection of up to 8
codes depending on the state of the code select lines. Note: Only the VS-1000 and the VS-1050 support 3-line
binary.
4-Line Binary: If using the binary mode and up to 16 codes are programmed this provides selection of up to 16
codes depending on the state of the code select lines. Note: Only the VS-1000 and the VS-1050 support 4-line
binary.
ANI Operation:
Transmitting ANI: When the PTT Input is pressed and/or released the VS-1200 or VS-1050 will key the radio
and transmit the programmed ANI.
Transmitting Emergency ANI: When the Emergency Input is taken high or low (depending on programming) the
VS-1200 or VS-1050 will key the radio and transmit the programmed ENI for the programmed number of times.
10

TECHNICAL NOTES
Radio Compatibility: Midian has taken the utmost care to ensure the option board integrates into the radio with
minimal impact to the features of the radio. However, some features may not be available in the radio when an
option board is used. If a feature is not available, please contact Midian to see if the feature can be added.
Power Save: In order to limit the impact the scrambler has on the battery life, Midian has implemented a power
save function in the VS-1XXX. When in power save mode, 2 of 3 actions can bring the unit out of power save.
These are PTT/COR or PTT/VOX.
PTT: When the PTT input of the VS-1XXX is activated the unit will come out of power save mode.
COR: When the COR Input sees activity on the channel the VS-1XXX will come out of power save mode.
Using the COR power save function is preferred over VOX power save. If using the COR detect, then the
VOX detect is not available.
VOX: When the scrambler sees voice on the channel the VS-1XXX will come out of power save mode. If
using the VOX detect, then the COR detect is not available.
Once the unit has come out of power save mode, the Standby Time determines the amount of time the unit will
wait until it goes back into power save mode.
11

12
MIDIAN CONTACT INFORMATION
Midian Electronics Inc.
2302 East 22nd Street
Tucson, Arizona 85713 USA
Orders: 1-800-MIDIANS
Phone: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
E-mail: [e-mail]
Web: www.midians.com

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SERIAL PROGR.
(SOURCE) OTES:
* = OT I STALLED
cs7359b8-vs10wire
CJS
2007-03-01
GPC
2009-10-20
B8
1 of 1 7359
VS-1000/VS1050
WIRED
MIDIAN ELECTRONICS INC.
DATE:
DESIGN:
DWN BY:
REV:
APPR
SCHEMATIC
COPYRIGHT © 2009
REV
SHEET PROJECT NUMBER
DOCUMENT NAME
47K
R7
47KR1
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4.7KR8
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CODE_SELECT_2 P2-6
CODE_SELECT_3 P2-7
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(SOURCE) NOTES:
* = NOT INSTALLED
cs7359b8-vs12wire
CJS
2007-03-01
GPC
2009-10-20
B8
1 of 1 7359
VS-1200
WIRED
MIDIAN ELECTRONICS, INC
DATE:
DESIGN:
DWN BY:
REV:
APPR
SCHEMATIC
COPYRIGHT © 2009
REV
SHEET PROJECT NUMBER
DOCUMENT NAME
47K
R7
47KR1
1K
R33
1K
R32
47KR2
47KR3
4.7KR8
10K
R10
10K
R9
10K 1%
R11
10K 1%
R12
75K
R19
1.2M
R20
36K
R21
*
R17
*
R23
*
R22
1K
R26
1K
R25
4.7KR30
47K
R31
100K
R15
8.2K
R16
56K
R18
100K
R14
27K
R13
3.3K
R28
560p
C2
.1u
C3
.1u
C42
.1u
C12
100p
C14
560p
C11
.0068u
C15
*
C17
.0068u
C16
.01u
C21
.1uC25
.1uC30
.1uC29
.1uC28
10uC36
10uC35
.1uC34
.1uC33
.1u
C46
2.2u
C40
.1u
C41
.1u
C23
.1u
C22
560p
C4
.1uF
C8
.1uF
C7
.1u
C6
560p
C1
.1u
C10
.01u
C9
.001u
C18
39p
C44
560p
C19
2.2u
C20
2.2uC26
2.2uC27
.1u
C31
10u
C32
100p
C39
12p
C38
.01u
C45
.1u
C13
+3.3V
+3.3V
+3.3V
+3.3V
+3.3VA
+3.3VDD
+VIN
+3.3V
+3.3V
+3.3V
+3.3V
+3.3V
+3.3V
+3.3VA
+3.3VDD
+3.3V+3.3V
+3.3V +3.3V
220p
C24
ND P1-4
+VIN P1-2
PTT IN P1-1
PTT_OUT
P1-9
RX_IN P1-7
COR_IN P1-13
TX_IN P1-5
MODE_IN P1-3
SB1D6
47KR4
+3.3V
EMER_IN P1-6
*
R5 +VIN
560p
C37
TX_OUT
P1-12
RX_OUT
P1-10
MON/LTR P2-8
OPTION2_OUT
P2-10
CODE_SELECT_1 P2-5
CODE_SELECT_2 P2-6
CODE_SELECT_3 P2-7
P2-13
P2-12
CODE_SELECT_0 P2-3
OPTIONAL_INPUT_1 P2-22 PRO _IN
P2-1
PRO _OUT
P2-2
HORN
P2-9
OPTION1_OUT
P2-4
AUDIO_ENABLE
P1-8
BSS
Q1
BSS
Q3
BSS
Q2
BSS
Q4
MODE/CALL
P1-11
100KR34
*
R29
+3.3V
SB1D2
SB1D1
+3.3VDD
.01u
C47
3.3K
R24
+
10u
C5

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