MikroTik RouterBOARD 1000 User manual

RouterBOARD 1000
User's Manual
Copyright and Warranty Information
Copyright and Trademarks. Copyright MikroTikls SIA. This manual contains in ormation protected by
copyright law. No part o it may be reproduced or transmitted in any orm without prior written permission
rom the copyright holder. RouterBOARD, RouterOS, RouterBOOT and MikroTik are trademarks o MikroTikls
SIA. All trademarks and registered trademarks appearing in this manual are the property o their respective
holders.
Hardware. MikroTikls SIA warrants all RouterBOARD series equipment or the term o one year rom the
shipping date to be ree o de ects in materials and workmanship under normal use and service, except in
case o damage caused by mechanical, electrical or other accidental or intended damages caused by
improper use or due to wind, rain, ire or other acts o nature.
I you have purchased your product rom a MikroTik Reseller, please contact the Reseller company regarding
all warranty and repair issues, the ollowing instructions apply ONLY i you purchased your equipment
directly rom MikroTik Latvia
To return ailed unit or units to MikroTikls you must per orm the ollowing RMA (Return Material
Authorization) procedure. Follow the instructions below to save time, e orts, avoid costs, and improve the
speed o the RMA process. Take into account that all goods have one year warranty.
Instructions are located on our webpage here: http://rma mikrotik com
Manual. This manual is provided “as is” without a warranty o any kind, expressed or implied, including, but
not limited to, the implied warranty o merchantability and itness or a particular purpose. The
manu acturer has made every e ort to ensure the accuracy o the contents o this manual, however, it is
possible that it may contain technical inaccuracies, typographical or other errors. No liability is assumed or
any inaccuracy ound in this publication, nor or direct or indirect, incidental, consequential or other
damages that may result rom such an inaccuracy, including, but not limited to, loss o data or pro its.
Please report any inaccuracies ound to [email protected]

RouterBOARD 1000 Series User's Manual
Table of Contents
Copyright and Warranty In ormation.................................................................................1
System Board View and Layout.........................................................................................................3
Speci ications................................................................................................................3
Hardware Guide..............................................................................................................................4
Memory and Storage Devices...................................................................................................4
Memory........................................................................................................................4
Storage Device..............................................................................................................4
CompactFlash Slots........................................................................................................4
Extension Slots......................................................................................................................4
MiniPCI Slots.................................................................................................................4
Daughterboard Connector...............................................................................................4
Input/Output Ports..................................................................................................................4
LAN ports.....................................................................................................................4
DB9 Serial Port..............................................................................................................4
Fan Connectors..............................................................................................................4
LEDs.....................................................................................................................................4
Power LED....................................................................................................................4
User LED......................................................................................................................4
User's Guide...................................................................................................................................5
Assembling the Hardware........................................................................................................5
Powering...............................................................................................................................5
Booting options......................................................................................................................5
Onboard NAND Storage Device........................................................................................5
Internal Storage Device..................................................................................................5
Booting rom network.....................................................................................................5
Operating System Support.......................................................................................................6
MikroTik RouterOS.........................................................................................................6
RouterBOOT...................................................................................................................................6
Boot Loader Con iguration........................................................................................................6
Con igurable Options......................................................................................................6
Boot Loader Upgrading............................................................................................................7
Primary Boot Loader...............................................................................................................7
RouterOS on RouterBOARD 1000.......................................................................................................7
Health monitor.......................................................................................................................7
Firmware in ormation..............................................................................................................7
Firmware Settings..................................................................................................................8
So tware Reset.......................................................................................................................8
DIP Switch....................................................................................................................8
Appendix.......................................................................................................................................8
Connector Index.....................................................................................................................8
Button Index..........................................................................................................................9
Ethernet Cables......................................................................................................................9
Serial Null-modem (Console) Cable with Loopback.......................................................................9
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RouterBOARD 1000 Series User's Manual
System Board View and Layout
Top view Layout
You can download the board dimensions and case design iles (PDF and DXF) rom www.routerboard.com
Specifications
RouterBOARD 1000
CPU MPC8548 1333MHz network CPU
Memory SODIMM slot, no onboard module
Boot loader RouterBOOT
Data storage 64MB onboard NAND memory chip
Ethernet Four 10/100/1000 Mbit/s Gigabit Ethernet ports supporting Auto-MDI/X
MiniPCI slot -
Expansion -
CompactFlash slots Two independent CompactFlash slots (True IDE Microdrive supported)
Serial port One DB9 RS232C asynchronous serial port
LEDs Power and User LED
Beeper +
Power Power jack: 12VDC, no PoE
Fan control Two 12V DC an power output headers with rotation sensor and automatic an
switching (maximum output current - 300mA total)
Dimensions 14 cm x 16 cm (5.51 in x 6.29 in)
Weight 312g
Temperature Operational: -20°C to +65°C (-4°F to 149°F)
Humidity Operational: up to 70% relative humidity (non-condensing)
Power consumption 13W min/35W max
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RouterBOARD 1000 Series User's Manual
Hardware Guide
Memory and Storage Devices
Memory
There is no onboard memory, but the device has a SODIMM slot or DDR2 modules, it is recommended to
use modules with at least 667MHz (PC-4200)
Storage Device
The device is equipped with one 64MB NAND nonvolatile memory chip.
CompactFlash Slots
The board has two independent CompactFlash slots that support Compact Flash Type I or II cards and True
IDE Microdrive storage devices. The irst one (J4) is bootable. Warning! The RouterBOARD 1000 series
boards do not support hot insert of CompactFlash/Microdrive devices
Extension Slots
MiniPCI Slots
This device doesn't have any miniPCI slots
Daughterboard Connector
This device doesn't have any daughterboard connectors
Input Output Ports
LAN ports
There are our LAN ports. The ports do not support Power over Ethernet.
All cables made to EIA/TIA 568A/B cable speci ications will work correctly (see Connector Index or
pinout). Note that this port supports automatic cross/straight cable correction (Auto MDI/X), so you can use
either straight or cross-over cable or connecting to other network devices.
DB9 Serial Port
The RS232C standard male DB9 asynchronous serial port may be used or initial con iguration, or or
attaching a modem or any other RS232 serial device. TxD (pin 3) o this port has -5V DC power when idle.
Some signals are not connected, so this implementation may not be considered to support ull hardware
low-control, so so tware low-control (XON/XOFF) or none at all should be used.
Fan Connectors
You can connect up to two ans to the RouterBOARD, but only one o them will work at a time. They will
receive 12V DC power. The board supports an speed eedback signaling. RouterOS can be con igured to
change the active an, i the current active one is not rotating (note that i a an does not have rotation
sensor, it will be considered ailed).
LEDs
Power LED
Power LED is on when the board is powered.
User LED
User LED may be programmed at user's option. It is lit by de ault when the board starts up, then it is turned
o when the bootloader runs kernel.
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RouterBOARD 1000 Series User's Manual
User's Guide
Assembling the Hardware
First to use the board:
●In most cases you do not need to use any additional boot devices, as you can boot the RouterBOARD
rom the onboard NAND memory. You can also install one or two CompactFlash modules or Microdrive
hard drives, which you can use as an alternative boot device (in J4 slot only) or additional storage
media (in any or both slots);
●I not already installed, install board in a case, connect other peripherals and cables.
You can also order a pre-assembled system with RouterBOARD and extension cards o your choice already
installed in a case.
Powering
Power options:
●J10 power jack:
12V DC
●J11 alternative power connector, used when device installed in a rackmount case, also 12V DC
Booting options
First, RouterBOOT loader is started. It displays some use ul in ormation on the onboard RS232C
asynchronous serial port, which is set to 115200bit/s, 8 data bits, 1 stop bit, no parity by de ault. Also
supports hardware (RTS/CTS) low control. The loader may be con igured to boot the system rom the
onboard NAND module or rom Ethernet network. See the respective section o this manual or how to
con igure booting sequence and other boot loader parameters.
Onboard NAND Storage Device
The RouterBOARD may be started rom the onboard NAND storage chip. As there is no partition table on the
device, the boot loader assumes the irst 4MiB orm a YAFFS ilesystem, and executes the ile called “kernel”
stored in the root directory on that partition. It is possible to partition the rest o the medium by patching
the kernel source.
Internal Storage Device
The RouterBOARD may be started rom a CompactFlash module or a Microdrive hard drive installed in the
irst (J4) CompactFlash slot. At least two partitions must exist on the device, irst o which being the ELF
image the board is to be booted rom (normally, it is a Linux kernel, appended with the kernparm ELF
section that speci ies the root partition name and, optionally, other kernel parameters o your choice).
Booting from network
Network boot works similarly to PXE or EtherBoot protocol, and allows you to boot a RouterBOARD 1000
series boards rom an executable image stored on a TFTP server. It uses BOOTP or DHCP (con igurable in
boot loader) protocol to get a valid IP address, and TFTP protocol to download an executable (ELF) kernel
image combined with the initial RAM disk (inserted as an ELF section) to boot rom (the TFTP server's IP
address and the image name must be sent by the BOOTP/DHCP server).
To boot the RouterBOARD computer rom Ethernet network you need the ollowing:
●An ELF kernel image or the loader to boot rom (you can embed the kernel parameters and initrd
image as ELF sections called kernparm and initrd respectively)
●A TFTP server which to download the image rom
●A BOOTP/DHCP server (may be installed on the same machine as the TFTP server) to give an IP
address, TFTP server address and boot image name
See the RouterBOOT section on how to con igure loader to boot rom network.
Note that you must connect the RouterBOARD you want to boot, and the BOOTP/DHCP and TFTP servers to
the same broadcast domain (i.e., there must not be any routers between them).
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RouterBOARD 1000 Series User's Manual
Operating System Support
MikroTik RouterOS
MikroTik RouterOS, starting rom version 3.0rc1, is ully compatible with RouterBOARD 1000 series
embedded boards.
RouterBOOT
The RouterBOOT irmware (also re erred as Bootloader here) provides minimal unctionality to boot an
Operating System. It supports serial console via the onboard serial port at the boot time. The loader
supports booting rom the onboard NAND device and rom a network server (see the respective section or
details on this protocol).
Boot Loader Configuration
Loader parameters may be con igured through the onboard RS232C DB9 asynchronous serial inter ace. To
connect to it, use a standard null-modem cable. By de ault, the port is set to 115200bit/s, 8 data bits, 1
stop bit, no parity. Note that the device also implements the hardware (RTS/CTS) low control.
To enter the loader con iguration screen, press any key (or only [Delete] key (or [Backspace] key – see the
note or the respective con igurable option), depending on the actual con iguration) just a ter the boot
loader is asking or it:
RouterBOOT booter 2.11
RouterBoard 1000
CPU frequency: 1333 MHz
Memory ize: 512 MB
Pre any key within 2 econd to enter etup
RouterBOOT-2.11
What do you want to configure?
d - boot delay
k - boot key
- erial con ole
o - boot device
r - re et configuration
e - format nand
g - upgrade firmware
i - board info
p - boot protocol
t - do memory te ting
x - exit etup
your choice:
To select a menu point, press the key written at the beginning o this line. Pressing [Enter] selects the
option marked with '*'.
Configurable Options
boot delay – how much time to wait or a key stroke while booting (1..9 seconds; 2 second by de ault).
boot key – which key will cause the loader to enter con iguration mode during boot delay (any key |
<Delete> key only; any key by de ault). Note that in some serial terminal programs, it is impossible to use
the [Delete] key to enter the setup – in this case it might be possible to do this with the [Backspace] key.
serial console – to con igure initial serial console bitrate (1200 | 2400 | 4800 | 9600 | 19200 | 38400 |
57600 | 115200; 115200 bps by de ault).
boot device – initial boot device (boot over Ethernet | boot rom NAND, i ail then Ethernet | boot rom
CompactFlash only | boot Ethernet once, then NAND | boot Ethernet irst, then CompactFlash | boot rom
NAND only; boot from NAND, if fail then Ethernet by de ault). You can also select boot chosen device
option to boot rom the device selected immediately, without saving the setting.
reset configuration – whether to reset all the boot loader settings to their respective de ault values (yes |
no; no by de ault).
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RouterBOARD 1000 Series User's Manual
format nand – per orm a low-level NAND ormat. During this operation, all previously marked bad sectors
are retested to ind out i they are aulty indeed.
upgrade firmware – receive a new boot loader image using XModem protocol over serial line or using
DHCP/BOOTP and TFTP protocols through the Ethernet network (upgrade irmware over ethernet | upgrade
irmware over serial port).
board info – prints the serial number, boot loader version, CPU requency, memory size and MAC addresses
o the onboard Ethernet ports
boot protocol – network booting protocol (bootp protocol | dhcp protocol; bootp protocol by de ault).
do memory testing – per orms a ull memory test.
Boot Loader Upgrading
The boot loader is needed to initialize all the hardware and boot the system up. Newer loader versions might
have support or more hardware, so it's generally a good idea to upgrade the loader once a newer version is
available.
The boot loader upgrading is possible rom MikroTik RouterOS, rom within the “/system routerboard” menu.
Updates are included with each RouterOS update. The procedure is described in the MikroTik RouterOS
manual.
You can also upgrade the loader through the onboard serial port using XModem protocol (programs available
or all major OSs). For example, you can use HyperTerminal or Windows or Minicom or Linux to upload the
boot loader. Alternatively i you have a DHCP/BOOTP and TFTP servers available, you can speci y the loader
image as a boot image and choose the bios upgrade over ethernet option in the boot loader con iguration
menu. The loader will get the image rom the TFTP server and upgrade itsel . The most current loader image
is available or download on www.routerboard.com.
Primary Boot Loader
There are two boot loaders present on the NOR lash memory chip. Secondary is the main one, that is
executed by de ault. This is the one that can be upgraded. In case something goes wrong in the upgrade
process, or you have set some incorrect settings that render it unusable, you can load the Primary boot
loader by holding the So tware Reset 1 button (S1), connecting the power, and then releasing the
button/jumper. The Primary boot loader has the de ault settings, which can not be changed. It is also not
possible to upgrade it.
RouterOS on RouterBOARD 1000
Health monitor
This menu shows the current an status.
[admin@MikroTik] > y tem health print
fan-mode: manual
u e-fan: main
active-fan: main
[admin@MikroTik] >
fan-mode – whether to use automatic an ailover (auto | manual; manual by de ault).
use-fan – which an to use in manual mode (main | auxiliary; main by de ault).
Firmware information
This menu displays RouterBOARD model number, serial number, the current boot loader version and the
version available in the current so tware packages installed.
[admin@MikroTik] > y tem routerboard print
routerboard: ye
model: "rb1000"
erial-number: "154201C1DD3C"
current-firmware: "2.11"
upgrade-firmware: "2.11"
[admin@MikroTik] >
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RouterBOARD 1000 Series User's Manual
The irmware version can be upgraded using “/system routerboard upgrade” command.
Firmware Settings
Boot loader settings are also accessible through this menu.
[admin@MikroTik] > y tem routerboard etting print
baud-rate: 115200
boot-delay: 2
boot-device: nand-if-fail-then-ethernet
enter- etup-on: any-key
boot-protocol: bootp
enable-jumper-re et: ye
[admin@MikroTik] >
The So tware Reset 2 button (TP12) reset hole, which resets both boot loader settings and RouterOS setting
by de ault, can be disabled in this menu (it will still reset the boot loader settings).
Software Reset
It is possible to reset all so tware con iguration by using the So tware Reset 2 button hole ( C229, see
schematic) during the power-up. No con irmation or passwords will be asked, so use with caution. This
eature can be disabled in the “system routerboard settings” menu by switching the “enable-jumper-
reset” parameter to “no”. Simply use a metal object to short circuit the metallic reset hole (TP12) while
booting.
DIP Switch
The DIP switch can be used to control the RB1000 CPU requency. Use this switch with extreme caution, as
only the mentioned con igurations will provide any use ul result, other settings can damage your device.
DIP #1234 CCB Frequency
0110 (default) 533 1333
1001 600 1200
0101 533 1066
1010 (not recommended) 600 1500
DIP switch positions affect the CCB and Multiplier. #AABB, so AA=Multiplier ( 0=x2, 0 =x2.5), BB=CCB
Example: To downclock the RB1000 to 1066MHz, set the DIP switches to OFF-ON-OFF-ON
Appendix
Connector Index
J4 CompactFlash slot 1 (bootable)
J5 CompactFlash slot 2
J2 RS232C male DB9 serial port
2 RxD (Receive Data)
3 TxD (Transmit Data)
5 GND
7 RTS (Request to Send)
8 CTS (Clear to Send)
J6-J9 RJ45 Gigabit Ethernet 1000Base-T port LAN1 (no PoE)
J10 Power jack (12 V DC, positive contact is the central pin)
J11 Alternative power Jack (12 V DC, positive contact is the le tmost pin, closer to J10)
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RouterBOARD 1000 Series User's Manual
JP1 DC Fan 1 connector
1 GND
2 +5.5 V DC
3 Rotation speed eedback
JP2 DC Fan 2 connector
1 GND
2 +5.5 V DC
3 Rotation speed eedback
Button Index
S1 So tware Reset 1 button. Loads the Primary boot loader
S2 DIP switch or requency control
TP12 So tware Reset 2 button hole. Resets RouterOS settings
Ethernet Cables
RJ45
Pin
Color Function
(100Mbit)
Function
(1Gbit)
RJ45 pin for Straight cable
(MDI, EIA/TIA568A)
RJ45 pin for Crossover cable
(MDI-X, EIA/TIA568B)
1 Green TX+ Data Data A+ 1 3
2 Green/White TX- Data Data A- 2 6
3 Orange RX+ Data Data B+ 3 1
4 Blue - Data C+ 4 4
5 Blue/White - Data C- 5 5
6 Orange/White RX- Data Data B- 6 2
7 Brown - Data D+ 7 7
8 Brown/White - Data D- 8 8
Serial Null-modem (Console) Cable with Loopback
DB9f Function DB9f DB25f
1 + 4 + 6 CD + DTR + DSR N/C N/C
N/C CD + DTR + DSR 1 + 4 + 6 6 + 8 + 20
2 RxD 3 2
3 TxD 2 3
5 GND 5 7
7 + 8 RTS + CTS 7 + 8 4 + 5
N/C – not connected.
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