NRG Systems Hybrid XT User manual

NRG Product Manual
Hybrid XT Anemometer
Authors:
Technical Services
HybridXT_Anemometer_Manual
Rev. 15

NRG Product Manual
Hybrid XT Anemometer
HybridXT_Anemometer_Manual
Rev. 15
[email protected] | Page 2
02 January 2020
Specifications are subject to change without notice.
© NRG Systems
110 Riggs Road
Hinesburg VT 05461
Tel: [phone]
email: [email protected]

NRG Product Manual
Hybrid XT Anemometer
HybridXT_Anemometer_Manual
Rev. 15
[email protected] | Page 3
02 January 2020
CONTENTS
CUSTOMER SUPPORT .............................................................................................................. 4
INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................................... 5
Using This Manual...........................................................................................................5
ANEMOMETER OPERATION AND CONSIDERATIONS................................................................ 6
Hybrid XT Anemometer Types ........................................................................................6
Heater Operation............................................................................................................8
ESD and Circuit Protection ..............................................................................................9
Cable Shielding - Important.............................................................................................9
Magnet Safety............................................................................................................... 10
Transport and Handling................................................................................................. 10
CABLE COMPATIBILITY TABLES .............................................................................................. 11
HXT SENSOR INSTALLATION .................................................................................................. 13
Mounting Mast Orientation ..........................................................................................13
Prepare Shield...............................................................................................................13
Mount Connector..........................................................................................................14
Connect Cable to Controller .......................................................................................... 16
Mount Sensor ............................................................................................................... 17
GROUNDING AND BONDING FOR OVER-VOLTAGE PROTECTION ........................................... 18
Introduction..................................................................................................................18
Recommended Practices............................................................................................... 18
Sensor Wiring Diagram .................................................................................................20
WARRANTY ........................................................................................................................... 21
REPAIR .................................................................................................................................. 21
DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY............................................................................................ 22
APPENDIX A | TECHNICAL DRAWING..................................................................................... 24

NRG Product Manual
Hybrid XT Anemometer
HybridXT_Anemometer_Manual
Rev. 15
[email protected] | Page 4
02 January 2020
CUSTOMER SUPPORT
NRG Systems offers a variety of support options to help you get the most from your NRG products. If
you have questions about your NRG Systems product, first look in the product documentation, FAQs and
instructional tools contained in the Product Support section of the NRG Systems website. Customer
support is available 8:30 AM to 5:00 PM EST, Monday through Friday.
NRG Systems
110 Riggs Road
Hinesburg, Vermont
05461 U.S.A.
Telephone: [phone]
Email: [email protected]
When you call or email, you should have the appropriate product documentation at hand and be
prepared to give the following information:
Customer name
Who purchased equipment
Item number or description
Serial number
When equipment was purchased
Where equipment is installed - terrain conditions
Description of the problem with some detail
What events took place leading up to the problem
What you have tried while attempting to solve the problem
NRG Systems maintains an extensive website which includes an in-depth customer support area for NRG
Systems customers. If you need assistance at times other than our regular business hours, we suggest
visiting our website, www.nrgsystems.com.
All instruments, sensors, software and towers manufactured by NRG Systems are designed to be reliable
and easy to use. We welcome your comments and appreciate your help in making NRG products the
best available.

NRG Product Manual
Hybrid XT Anemometer
HybridXT_Anemometer_Manual
Rev. 15
[email protected] | Page 5
02 January 2020
INTRODUCTION
The NRG Systems Hybrid XT (HXT) anemometer is an electrically heated wind speed sensor designed for
wind turbine control and wind resource assessment. The sensor is mounted to the turbine nacelle or
meteorological mast and provides an electrical output signal with frequency proportional to wind speed.
Although the Hybrid XT sensors can be used for meteorological work, this manual is specific to turbine
control applications. However, there should be little difficulty in adapting these sensors for
meteorological applications.
The Hybrid XT is rugged enough to accurately measure wind speed in excess of 70m/s (156 mph), yet its
relatively low moment of inertia permits it to respond rapidly to gusts and lulls. It is built with corrosion
resistant materials and finishes, and is sealed against wind-driven rain and dust.
The Hybrid XT sensor line has a captive mounting system with integral connector that allows quick and
easy changing of the sensor. There are only three internal components (electronics module, heater
assembly and bearing assembly) for ease of maintenance. The Hybrid XT also has a spare label pocket
for a customer-supplied identification label.
Using This Manual
Read this manual completely before installing and operating the Hybrid XT anemometer. Follow all
instructions and recommendations closely.
This document and the sensor may use the following symbols:
Earth (Ground)
Chassis Ground
AC Voltage
AC or DC Voltage
DC Voltage
Hot Surface
This typeface within the body of the manual is used for general descriptions and instructions to the user.
This typeface is used to warn users of a potential danger, either to themselves or to the sensor.

NRG Product Manual
Hybrid XT Anemometer
HybridXT_Anemometer_Manual
Rev. 15
[email protected] | Page 6
02 January 2020
ANEMOMETER OPERATION AND CONSIDERATIONS
The HXT anemometer is available with a variety of output signal types including variable frequency and
4-20mA, among others.
Hybrid XT Anemometer Types
Sensor
Part #
Output
Signal
Meas.
Range
Scaling
Notes
#4718
Frequency
(Hz)
0-50 m/s
1-101 Hz
m/s = 0.5(Hz) –0.5
0 Hz = sensor fault
High-level square wave output
Amplitude equals supply voltage
Compatible with Personality Module
(NRG Part #3798)
Recommended load resistance
1200 Ωminimum
#5763
mA
0-50 m/s
4-20 mA
Linear mA scaling
<4 mA = sensor fault
Standard 4-20 mA current loop
0.1 m/s resolution
Recommended load resistance
50 Ω–1000 Ω
#7901
Frequency
(Hz)
0-60 m/s
0-117 Hz
m/s = 0.509(Hz) +
0.4
High-level square wave output
Compatible with PNP & NPN inputs
Amplitude equals supply voltage
Output scaling matches NRG IceFree3
anemometer
Recommended load resistance
1200 Ωminimum
#9365
mA
0-60 m/s
4-20 mA
Linear mA scaling
<4 mA = sensor fault
Standard 4-20 mA current loop
0.1 m/s resolution
Recommended load resistance
50 Ω–1000 Ω
#9387
Frequency
(Hz)
0-60 m/s
0-105 Hz
m/s = 0.566(Hz) +
0.4
High-level square wave output
Compatible with PNP & NPN inputs
Amplitude equals supply voltage
Output scaling is 90% of #7901 HXT
Recommended load resistance
1200 Ωminimum

NRG Product Manual
Hybrid XT Anemometer
HybridXT_Anemometer_Manual
Rev. 15
[email protected] | Page 7
02 January 2020
Frequency/Push-Pull Output | HXT Anemometer Models #4718 | #7901 | #9387
This output type provides a square wave output signal with a frequency proportional to the head
rotation rate (wind speed). The square wave amplitude is determined by the power supply voltage.
The anemometer output signal can be timed on either the rising or the falling edges. For best accuracy,
time and count many cycles then divide the count by the time for an average frequency. This technique
also effectively filters out short-term wind speed variations.
4-20 mA Output | HXT Anemometer Models #5763 | #9365
The HXT 4-20 mA Turbine Control Anemometer provides an industry standard 4 to 20 mA output signal
sourced by the sensor. The output range of 4 to 20 mA corresponds to a specific wind speed range,
depending on the model of anemometer.
Under normal operation, the output signal current varies from 4 to 20 mA. A signal outside this range
indicates a fault condition. The most likely causes would be a loss of power, a wiring problem, or a failed
sensor.
The HXT 4-20 mA signal output has been engineered to adapt to most common 4-20 mA current loop
inputs. The range of compatible loads for the current loop signal does depend on the power supply
voltage provided to the sensor. At the lowest specified power supply voltage of 11 V DC, the output loop
load (or “burden”) may be 350 Ohms maximum (a 7 volt maximum voltage drop). When provided with
its maximum 24 V DC power supply voltage, the sensor can drive up to a 1000 Ohm loop load (a 20 V
maximum voltage drop).
Power Supply Common
Power Supply Voltage
Anemometer Output Waveform
Output frequency proportional to wind speed

NRG Product Manual
Hybrid XT Anemometer
HybridXT_Anemometer_Manual
Rev. 15
[email protected] | Page 8
02 January 2020
Heater Operation
The heat source for the HXT is a self-regulating, constant-temperature heater. Constant heating
prevents condensation and corrosion and maintains proper bearing temperature for consistent
performance and transfer function. In severe wind and icing conditions, the HXT draws more power to
help remain clear of ice. As conditions improve, the HXT draws less power. The HXT’s self-regulating
feature increases reliability, insuring that the head does not reach excessive temperatures. Excessive
temperatures can stress bearing lubricants, wiring, and present a hazard in the presence of combustible
materials. The HXT’s heater is powered by 24 volt power, AC or DC, making it compatible with a wide
range of turbine controller power supplies and remote site equipment. An optional 120 / 240 V to 24 V
AC transformer is also available.
Following a brief inrush current, after approximately 30 seconds, the heater settles into its
temperature controlled mode.
Use a 15A slow-blow fuse be placed in-line with the heater.
Always power the heater on your HXT sensor! Failure to maintain constant
heating may lead to corrosion or inferior sensor performance. Constant heating
prevents condensation from forming on the bearings, enabling the sensor to
achieve a 10 year service cycle. If the sensor is used without the heater, the
warranty will be void.
Sensor surfaces (particularly the head and the upper body) can become quite hot
and may burn you; especially in warm ambient conditions.
Use caution when the heater power is on.

NRG Product Manual
Hybrid XT Anemometer
HybridXT_Anemometer_Manual
Rev. 15
[email protected] | Page 9
02 January 2020
ESD and Circuit Protection
The HXT sensor has been designed to withstand most common wiring errors and electrostatic discharge.
These include reversed polarity on the power supply inputs, applying power to or shorting the signal
output lines, and electrostatic discharge on any line.
However, the sensor is not indestructible. Avoid applying more than the rated power supply to any pin.
While extremely rugged, nearby or direct lightning strikes may damage the sensor.
Cable Shielding - Important
The user must decide how to connect the shield of the signal cabling for their application. This is an
important part of the overall design of the lightning protection and grounding system for each turbine
design.
We recommend that the shield always be connected at the controller end of the cable. This provides
shielding against capacitively (electrostatically) coupled interference to the sensor signal.
If the shield can be connected to ground at the sensor boom as well, the shield can also provide
protection against inductive (magnetically) coupled noise sources, such as generator noise and lightning
electromagnetic pulses. However, you should connect the shield at both ends ONLY if the turbine
grounding system provides sufficient bonding and grounding to prevent ground loop currents in the
shield wire.
On the cable assembly for the HXT sensor, the shield is available for connection at both ends. If the
sensor end is not to be connected, cut off the shield wire at the sensor end before installation to
prevent accidental contact to the sensor mount.

NRG Product Manual
Hybrid XT Anemometer
HybridXT_Anemometer_Manual
Rev. 15
[email protected] | Page 10
02 January 2020
Magnet Safety
The HXT sensors, particularly the vane version, contain small, but powerful neodymium iron boron
magnets. These magnets are strong enough to magnetize tools, erase magnetic media (floppy disks and
credit cards), damage CRT’s (computer monitors and TV’s), pinch fingers, etc. They can also shatter if
allowed to snap together, causing eye damage. If they are ingested, they can cause serious injury, or
even death.
Do not allow unskilled persons to disassemble these sensors. Do not remove the
magnets from their respective assemblies (Head Assembly and Shaft Assembly).
Keep small magnets and small pieces containing magnets away from young
children who might mistakenly or intentionally swallow them. Seek immediate medical attention if you
suspect a child may have swallowed a magnet.
Transport and Handling
This sensor is a precision instrument. Please use care in its handling to protect the bearings and shaft. It
is recommended that the sensor be carefully placed on its side instead of standing up.
If the sensor tips over onto a hard surface, bearing or shaft damage may occur. Physical damage to the
sensor is not covered by warranty.