NXP Semiconductors PCA9629A User manual

UM10798
PCA9629A advanced stepper motor controller demo kit
(OM13285)
Rev. 1 — 17 June 2014 User manual
Document information
Info Content
Keywords Fm+ I2C-bus, PCA9629A, GPO, LPCXpresso LPC1343 daughter card,
sensor, stepper motor, motor direction, speed and ramp control
Abstract PCA9629A demo kit (OM13285) is designed to let customers evaluate the
PCA9629A in a realistic application. The demo kit includes a stepper
motor board with sensors and the stepper motor demo board with a
number of pre-defined functions. The functions are executed by pressing
push-button switches on the demo board.

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Contact information
For more information, please visit: http://www.nxp.com
For sales office addresses, please send an email to: [email protected]
NXP Semiconductors UM10798
PCA9629A advanced stepper motor controller demo kit (OM13285)
Revision history
Rev Date Description
1.0 20140617 User manual; initial version

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PCA9629A advanced stepper motor controller demo kit (OM13285)
1. Introduction
The PCA9629A Stepper Motor Controller Demo Board is designed to let customers
evaluate the PCA9629A in a realistic application. The demo board kit includes a Stepper
Motor board with sensors and the Stepper Motor Demo Board with a number of
pre-defined functions. The parameters used by these functions can be easily changed by
changing a configuration header file. To customize the application further, the generalized
driver functions used in the demo firmware can be easily modified with a free compiler
tool, LPCXpresso, available at: www.lpcware.com/lpcxpresso.
Fig 1. OM13285 PCA9629A stepper motor controller demo board Rev. 2.2

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PCA9629A advanced stepper motor controller demo kit (OM13285)
1.1 Application overview
The PCA9629A Demo board is designed for easy setup and ease of operation. The demo
functions are executed by pressing a control button on the demo board. The PCA9629A
Demo functions supported by the demo board and firmware include:
Mode — This selects Full Step, Half Step, or Two-Phase drive.
Direction — This selects clockwise or counter-clockwise starting direction.
Rotate Fixed Steps — This rotates the motor a fixed number of steps or ramp-up and
ramp-down control function.
Rotate Fixed Rotations — This rotates the motor for a fixed number of rotations or ramp
up and down control function.
Rotate and Reverse — Rotates the motor for a fixed number of rotations, stops (wait a
delay time), reverses, and rotates the same fixed number of rotations in the other
direction.
Continuous Rotation — Continuously rotate the motor and the button is pressed again
to change speed with ramp control.
Interrupt mode — This starts the motor rotating in the ‘Interrupt Auto clear mode’ where it
starts one direction until the optical interrupter connected to the motor shaft passes
through one of the slotted optical switches. It then stops (wait a delay timer), and reverses
until an interrupter passes through the second slotted optical switch. This process
continues until the button is pressed again to stop.
Some of the other features of the PCA9629A demo board are:
•Programmable I2C-bus address selection up to 16 slave devices
•Optional either MOSFET with Schottky diode or Darlington sink driver
•Access to all PCA9629A I/O, including the ability to isolate any or all device pins
•Test point access to monitor many onboard signals
•Flexibility to use external controller with onboard drive
•Requires +12 V input, has onboard +5 V and +3.3 V regulators
•Flexible reprogramming, firmware updating via several methods
–USB (X1)
–LPC-Link USB (J3 in LPCXpresso daughter board)
–RS-232 (X2)
2. PCA9629A stepper motor controller demo kit
2.1 PCA9629A demo kit (Rev. 2.2) contents
•PCA9629A demo board with LPC1343 LPCXpresso daughter board
•+12 V DC power adapter
•Stepper motor board with sensor
•Motor cable (6-wire)
•Sensor cable (4-wire)
•Demo board quick start instructions

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PCA9629A advanced stepper motor controller demo kit (OM13285)
3. System overview
3.1 The PCA9629A stepper motor controller
Stepper motors can be driven and controlled in a number of different ways, depending on
the type of motor being driven and the application requirements for the motor. The most
basic form of drive is single-phase drive or ‘wave drive’. The other common drive modes
include 2-phase, 1⁄2-step, and micro-step. The main advantage of the 1⁄2-step or
micro-step mode is to break the steps into smaller increments to minimize resonance
effects that could be a problem in certain applications. Stepper motor can also be
designed for unipolar and/or bipolar drive. The PCA9629A is designed for single-phase,
2-phase, and 1⁄2-step operation. This application only deals with interface to a unipolar
motor.
The PCA9629A has an internal oscillator, so no external components are required. Some
of the other features of the PCA9629A include:
•Stand-alone operation: generates motor coil drive phase sequence signals for use
with an external high current driver to off-load master controller/micro
•Programmable step rate: 333.3 kpps to 0.3 pps with ±3 % accuracy
•Programmable number of steps and motor action either multiple times (1 to 255) or
continuously
•Sensor enabled drive control: linked to interrupt from P0 and P1 inputs with noise filter
enable or disable feature
•Programmable four GPIO ports and four GPO ports
•Programmable ramp-up from start and ramp-down to stop
•Programmable re-enable ramp-up or ramp-down to change ramp rate curve on the fly
•Programmable start, ramp-up/ramp-down, stop or reverse the direction either
clockwise or counter-clockwise of rotation control of stepper motor
•Programmable restart motor with new speed and operation while motor is still running
•Programmable loop delay timer for motor reversal mode
•Interrupt auto clear function linked extra steps, direction reversal and stop control
without microcontroller handling
•32-bit step counter to count output steps
•Selectable active hold (last state), power on, power off, or released states for motor
shaft
•Four balanced push-pull type outputs capable of sinking 25 mA or sourcing 25 mA for
glueless connection to external high current drivers needed to drive motor coils
•Up to 1000 pF loads with 100 ns rise and fall times on outputs

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PCA9629A advanced stepper motor controller demo kit (OM13285)
3.2 LPCXpressso microcontroller board
The LPCXpresso target board, jointly developed by NXP, Code Red Technologies, and
Embedded Artists (www.embeddedartists.com/products/lpcxpresso/), includes an
integrated JTAG debugger (LPC-Link), so there is no need for a separate JTAG debug
probe. The target and debugger can be easily cut apart, allowing them to be used
separately. The target portion of the board can connect to expansion boards to provide a
greater variety of interfaces, and I/O devices. The LPC-Link debugger provides a
high-speed USB to JTAG/SWD interface to the IDE. It can be connected to other debug
targets such as a customer prototype. For the PCA9629A demo board application, the
debugger portion (LPC-Link) can be cut off, but a connector is installed to allow
connection to the debugger if necessary. Two headers are also installed to mate the pin
connections on the LPCXpresso board to the PCA9629A main board connectors. The
onboard LPC1343 is then programmed with the firmware to support the demo application.
Code was developed for the application using the LPCXpresso IDE. This is based on the
popular Eclipse development platform and includes several LPC-specific enhancements.
It is an industry-standard GNU tool chain with an optimized C library that gives engineers
all the tools necessary to develop high-quality software solutions quickly and
cost-effectively. The C programming environment includes professional-level features.
There is syntax coloring, source formatting, function folding, online and offline help, and
extensive project management automation. If the user wants to customize the demo or
write their own application code, the code is free to download at the link above.
3.3 System block diagram
A block diagram of the PCA9629A demo system is shown in Figure 2.
Fig 2. PCA9629A demo board system block diagram
aaa-013575
+3.3 V POWER
DEBUG
LPCXpresso
LPC1343
SWITCHES
+5 V POWER +12 V POWER
Mini-USB
RS-232
STEPPER
MOTOR
MOTOR
SENSORS
Stepper Motor Board
WINI2C-USB
LEDs
I
2
C-bus
PCA9629A
Fm+ I2C-bus
STEPPER MOTOR
CONTROLLER
+
DRIVERS

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PCA9629A advanced stepper motor controller demo kit (OM13285)
3.4 I/O, switches and indicators on the PCA9629A demo board
The interface connections, switches and indicators on the PCA9629A demo board are
shown in Figure 3.
Fig 3. PCA9629A demo board interfaces, switches and indicators

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PCA9629A advanced stepper motor controller demo kit (OM13285)
3.4.1 Sensor interface
The sensor interface allows connection to slotted optical switches and bias components
mounted on the Stepper motor board being connected to the PCA9629A. The sensors are
utilized in Interrupt mode to demonstrate the interrupt autoclear capabilities of the
PCA9629A. The interrupt autoclear capability allows one sensor to clear the interrupt
caused by the other sensor. This action can result in stopping the motor, reversing the
motor, or adding extra steps or rotations before stopping or reversing the motor.
3.4.2 Motor interface
The motor interface provides power as well as the phased outputs from either the bipolar
Darlington driver or the MOSFET drivers. The PCA9629A coil driver outputs,
OUT0 to OUT3, are connected to the inputs of the bipolar or MOSFET driver via
selectable jumper block (JP14).
3.4.3 RS-232 programming interface
An RS-232 interface is provided as a method of programming and updating firmware on
the LPC1343 microcontroller (Ref. 3). The details and required utilities to update the
firmware are discussed in the programming section, Section 7.3 of this manual.
3.4.4 USB programming interface
A Full Speed USB 2.0 interface is provided as a method of programming and updating
firmware on the LPC1343 microcontroller using the Flash Magic programming tool. The
details and steps required to update the firmware is discussed in the programming section
(Section 7.1) of this manual.
3.4.5 LPC-Link USB debug and programming interface
The on-board LPC-Link debugger provides a high-speed USB to JTAG/SWD interface to
the LPCXpresso IDE, which is a highly integrated software development environment.
It can be connected to other debug targets, such as a customer prototype. The details and
steps required to update and debug the firmware is discussed in the programming section
(Section 7.2) of this manual.
3.4.6 SWD debug interface
A Serial Wire Debug (SWD) interface is provided as a method for debugging and
programming the LPC1343 microcontroller. Details on SWD and other LPC1343
information can be found in UM10375, “LPC1311/13/42/43 User manual” (Ref. 2).
3.4.7 WINI2C-USB interface
WINI2C-USB is an I2C tool that provides a USB interface and Graphical User Interface
(GUI) to read and write to I2C-bus devices. It contains pre-defined GUIs for many NXP
I2C-bus devices, as well as the ability to have user-defined interfaces. There is a
dedicated GUI planned for the PCA9629A. However, until that is available, the
user-defined functions of the WINI2C-USB utility can be customized to use with the
PCA9629A.
3.4.8 Output LED indicators
Several LED indicators are available for status indication on the PCA9629A demo board.
These indicators are detailed in Section 4.2.1 of this manual.

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3.4.9 Push-button switches
Nine push-button switches, S1 to S9, are available for motor operation modes and chip
reset control on the PCA9629A demo board. These switches are detailed in Section 4.2.2
of this manual.
3.4.10 +12 Volt input
This input is intended as the main power source for the board. The center pin is the
+12 volt connection and the shield is Ground. This input provides power for the on-board
+5 V and +3.3 V regulators and 12 V for the motor.
4. Hardware description
4.1 LPC1343 Cortex M3 based LPCXpresso daughter board
The NXP LPC1343 is the heart of the board. It handles all of the ‘intelligent’ functions of
the board and handles all peripheral interfaces. The LPC1343 version of the LPCXpresso
board described earlier is used to provide a form factor that could be adapted to other
processors with the same LPCXpresso form factor. For the PCA9629A Demo Board
application, the primary function of the LPC1343 microcontroller is to detect when a switch
has been pressed and execute the command associated with that switch. In this
application, most of the commands consist of sending one or more I2C messages to the
PCA9629A stepper motor controller. The PCA9629A then handles the bulk of the stepper
motor control functions. The details of how the LPC1343 handles these tasks are
discussed in the firmware portion of the user manual (Ref. 2).
4.2 PCA9629A stepper motor controller mother board
The PCA9629A mother board consists of dual 27-pin socket for the LPCXpresso daughter
board, the PCA9629A stepper motor controller, motor drivers, and connections to a
Stepper Motor Board. In addition, it provides a number of switches and visual LED
indicators to control and monitor the operation of the stepper motor. The flexibility and
utility of the board is enhanced by having numerous option jumpers, test points, and
external connection capabilities.
4.2.1 On-board visual LED indicators
Table 1 shows the different LEDs and their functions.
Table 1. LED indicators
LED label LED function Control drive source Notes
LED2
(on LPCXpresso board) Processor heartbeat LPC1343 — PIO0_7 Blinks per second when it is in normal default MODE 1 operation.
LED1 Motor starting direction LPC1343 — PIO2_0 CW (clockwise) when LED1 is ON.
CCW (counter-clockwise) when LED1 is OFF.
LED2 Single-phase LPC1343 — PIO2_1 Indicates Single Phase mode.
LED3 Two-phase LPC1343 — PIO2_2 Indicates Two-Phase mode.
LED4 Half-step LPC1343 — PIO2_3 Indicates Half-Step mode.
LED5 P2 PCA9629A — P2 LED5 is ON when P2 drives LOW.
LED6 P3 PCA9629A — P3 LED6 is ON when P3 drives LOW.

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4.2.2 On-board switches
Table 2 shows the different switches and their present operations (power-on default
MODE).
4.2.3 Power requirements
4.2.3.1 Input power
The board is powered by a 12 V power supply connected to power connector labeled
‘+12V J1’. The polarity is positive (+) for the center terminal and negative (−) for the shield
connection. The 12 V supply is required for the +5 V regulator, the motor, and its drive
circuits. The current requirements for the 12 V power supply depend on the motor being
driven. A 12 V and 0.5 A supply was specified for this application using small stepper
motors. A Nippon Pulse PF35T-48 Series stepper motor is used for the initial demo.
4.2.3.2 +5 V regulator
An LM317MB linear regulator is used to supply the +5 volts that is required for the
PCA9629A stepper motor controller and the +3.3 V regulator.
4.2.3.3 +3.3 V regulator
A TDA3663 is used to supply the +3.3 V power required by the LPCXpresso daughter
board and the LPC1343 on the LPCXpresso board.
Table 2. On-board switches
Switch / Label Switch function Signal destination Notes
S1/Mode Motor Drive Mode
Select LPC1343 — PIO1_0 Select 1-Phase, 2-Phase, or Half-Step
S2/Direction Motor Direction Select LPC1343 — PIO1_1 Select CW (clockwise) or
CCW (counter-clockwise) direction
S3/Rotate Fixed Steps Rotate Fixed Steps LPC1343 — PIO1_2 Rotate a fixed number of steps then stop.
S4/Rotate Fixed
Rotations Rotate Fixed Rotations LPC1343 — PIO1_4 Rotate fixed rotations then stop.
S5/Rotate and Reverse Rotate and Reverse LPC1343 — PIO1_5 Continuously rotate fixed steps and then
Reverse. Press again to stop motor.
S6/Continuous Rotation Continuous Rotation LPC1343 — PIO1_8 Continuous rotation. Press either S5 or S8 to
stop motor.
S7/Interrupt Mode Continuous Rotation
and reverse driven by
interrupt
LPC1343 — PIO3_0 Continuously rotate and reverse motor on
interrupt caused by P0 or P1. Press again to
stop motor.
S8/Xpresso Reset Xpresso Reset LPC1343 — Reset Xpresso/LPC1343 reset. This control also
resets the PCA9629A
S9/PCA9629A Reset PCA9629A Reset PCA9629A — Reset PCA9629A — set all registers to power-on
default values.

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4.2.4 Jumpers, headers, and test point locations
The locations of the jumpers, header connectors, and test points on the PCA9629A demo
board are shown in Figure 4, and their functions are described in Table 3.
Fig 4. PCA9629A demo board jumper locations

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4.3 Stepper motor board
A Nippon Pulse Motor NPM PF35T-48 Series stepper motor is used for the initial demo.
The default parameters for the demo configuration were defined for the 48 steps per
rotation (7.5°per step) for this PF35T-48 Series motor. A machined piece of aluminum is
mounted on the motor shaft to act as an optical interrupter. Slotted optical switches and
bias circuits are also on the motor board to sense when the interrupter connected to the
motor shaft passes through the slot of the optical switch. The sensor outputs are
connected to the P[0:1] inputs of PCA9629A generating interrupt based motor control. In
the interrupt mode of the demo, this causes the motor to stop and reverse when the
sensor detects the interrupter entering the slot.
Table 3. On-board jumper functions
Jumper/
header Function/label Notes
JP1 Pin isolation jumpers Populated (PCA9629A pins [9:15])
JP2 Pin isolation jumpers Populated (PCA9629A pins [1:7])
JP3 External I2C
(14-pin header) No connect (external I2C-bus to PCA9629A)
JP4 I2C address selection Default is 7-8 and 9-10 populated (slave address 0x42 is
selected)
JP5 External motor driver No connect. Option for external motor driver or
controller.
JP6 External I2C power NP (Not Populated). Option for external I2C +5 V power.
JP7 PCA9629A +5 V power Populated (PCA9629A +5 V power from internal).
JP8 WinI2C-USB NP (Not Populated). I2C pull-up source for WinI2C-USB
interface.
JP9 Test points (10-pin) 10-pin header connect to GND, OUT[0:3] and P[0:3]_A.
JP10 Sensor output select Default is 1-3 and 2-4 populated (select sensor outputs
to P[0:1] pins of PCA9629A).
JP11 Test points (5-pin) 5-pin header connect to P[0:3] and GND.
JP12 Motor cable interface
(6-wire) Connect to external stepper motor board.
JP13 Sensor cable interface
(4-wire) Connect to external motor sensors outputs for interrupt mode.
JP14 Driver input select For Darlington drive, jumper 1-5, 2-6, 3-7, 4-8
(default setting).
For FET driver, jumper 5-9, 6-10, 7-11, 8-12.
JP15 Driver output select For Darlington drive, jumper 1-5, 2-6, 3-7, 4-8
(default setting).
For FET driver, jumper 5-9, 6-10, 7-11, 8-12.
JP_ISP ISP select NP (Not Populated). Jumper 1-2 to enter ISP mode on
reset.
JP_RS232 Enable RS-232 ISP NP (Not Populated). Jumper 1-2, 3-4 to enable the
RS-232 port to control ISP operation.

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5. Demo setup and operation
5.1 PCA9629A stepper motor controller demo setup
Connect a +12 V power source to the PCA9629A Stepper Motor Controller demo board
and connect Motor/Sensor board cables as shown in Figure 5.
If the board is powered up and operating in normal condition, a red LED on the
LPCXpresso daughter card blinks once per second. In the present configuration, the
‘Single Phase’ and ‘CW’ LEDs illuminate, indicating the default states of motor drive mode
and the direction on the PCA9629A demo board. Pressing the ‘Mode’ switch S1 once
changes the mode to 1⁄2-step mode and illuminate the ‘1⁄2Step’ LED. Pressing the ‘Mode’
switch S1 one more time changes the mode to 2-Phase mode and illuminates the
‘2-Phase’ LED. The starting direction of the motor can be changed to CCW by pressing
the ‘Direction’ switch S2, indicated by the CW LED not being illuminated. All of the
PCA9629A Stepper Motor Controller demo functions are then initialized by pressing one
of the switches on the demo board, as summarized in Table 4, Table 5 and Table 6.
When ‘S1’ and ‘S2’ buttons are pressed at the same time to switch demo function from
Demo_Mode_1 to Demo_Mode_2, a red LED2 on the LPCXpresso LPC1343 daughter
card blinks twice per second for Demo_Mode_2. The Demo_Mode_2 is for the
ramp-up/ramp-down control, as well as user-customized operations.
When ‘S1’ and ‘S7’ buttons are pressed at the same time to switch demo function from
Demo_Mode_1 to Demo_Mode_3, a red LED2 on the LPCXpresso LPC1343 daughter
card blinks faster for Demo_Mode_3. The Demo_Mode_3 sets output logic levels on
OUT[3:0] pins for GPO function.
Fig 5. PCA9629A demo kit

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Table 4. Demo_Mode_1 functions (power-on default mode; LED2 blinking once per second)
Switch/Label Demo function Notes LED indication
S1/Mode Motor Phase Mode
Select Default is Single-phase mode. Press to cycle through 2-Phase
and 1⁄2-Step Modes.
Selected Mode is indicated by the
corresponding:
LED2 ON = Single-phase
LED3 ON = 2-phase
LED4 ON = 1⁄2-phase
S2/Direction Motor Direction Select Default is CW. Press again to
switch between CW and CCW. LED1 ON = CW (clockwise)
LED1 OFF = CCW (counter-clockwise)
S3/Rotate Fixed Steps Rotate Fixed 12 steps
Rotation Rotate a fixed number of steps. Default is 12 Steps (one rotation
is 48 steps).
Direction rotated is indicated by CW
LED1.
S4/Rotate Fixed
Rotations Rotate Fixed Rotations Rotate a fixed number of rotations. Default is 10 rotations
(480 steps). Press again to
change the motor speed
between 50 pps and 200 pps.
Direction is indicated by CW LED1.
S5/Rotate and Reverse Rotate between CW
and CCW with delay
interval in continuous
loop
Continuously rotate36 stepsCW
and CCW with delay interval of
128 ms (after CW) and 512 ms
(after CCW). Press again to stop
motor operation.
Direction is indicated by CW LED1.
Time delay between changing
directions is set by
LOOPDLY_CW/CCW registers.
S6/Continuous
Rotation Continuous Rotation Continuously rotate and press again to change the motor speed
between 50 pps and 200 pps
with ramp control. Press either
S5 or S8 to stop motor operation.
Direction is indicated by CW LED1.
S7/Interrupt Mode Start/Stop
Interrupt Mode Interrupt Mode. Continuous rotation and reverse motor on
interrupt caused by P0 or P1
falling edge. Press again to stop
motor operation.
Direction is indicated by CW LED1.
Time delay between changing
directions is set by
LOOPDLY_CW/CCW registers.
S8/Xpresso Reset To reset LPCXpresso
LPC1343 This reset function brings this demo board to power-on reset
default state (Demo_Mode_1)
Xpresso/LPC1343 Reset; this control
also resets the PCA9629A device.
S9/PCA9629A Reset To reset PCA9629A
device This reset is only for PCA9629A device. Set all registers to power-on default values.

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[1] Press either S8 (Xpresso Reset) or S1 and S2 at the same time to return Demo_Mode_1 function.
[1] Press either S8 (Xpresso Reset) or S1 and S7 at the same time to return Demo_Mode_1 function.
Starting the interrupt mode of the demo causes the motor to first start then stop and
reverse when the sensor detects the interrupter in the slot. When the interrupter passes
through the other sensor, the motor again stops and reverses. This process continues
until the ‘Interrupt Mode’ switch S7 is pressed again in Demo_Mode_1.
In ‘1⁄2-Step’ mode in this demo, the number of steps moved is counted in 1⁄2steps. As a
result, the 12 steps (7.5°degrees per step) default setting for the ‘Rotate Fixed Steps’
command results in the shaft rotating 450°instead of the 900°rotation that would be seen
with the same command in Single-Phase or 2-Phase mode. The number of rotations and
speed of rotation is also halved in ‘1⁄2-Step’ mode when compared to the other modes with
the same parameter settings.
Table 5. Demo_Mode_2 functions (LED2 blinking twice per second)
Switch/Label Demo function[1] Notes LED indication
S1/Mode same as Demo_Mode_1
S2/Direction same as Demo_Mode_1
S3 Ramp control Ramp-up and ramp-down in 48 steps
(1 rotation in 0.5 second) with ramp
multiplication value = 9.
Direction is indicated by CW
LED1
S4 Ramp control Ramp-up and ramp-down in 480 steps
(10 rotations in 5 seconds) with ramp
multiplication value = 6.
Direction is indicated by CW
LED1
S5 Available for user-defined function.
S6 Available for user-defined function.
S7 Available for user-defined function.
S8/Xpresso Reset same as Demo_Mode_1
S9/PCA9629A Reset same as Demo_Mode_1
Table 6. Demo_Mode_3 functions (LED2 blinking faster)
Switch/Label Demo function[1] Notes LED indication
S1 Set OUT0 pin as
General Purpose Output (GPO) Motor output OUT0 (pin 12) goes ‘High’ while the button is pressed. n/a
S2 Set OUT1 pin as
General Purpose Output (GPO) Motor output OUT1 (pin 11) goes ‘High’ while the button is pressed. n/a
S3 Set OUT2 pin as
General Purpose Output (GPO) Motor output OUT2 (pin 10) goes ‘High’ while the button is pressed. n/a
S4 Set OUT3 pin as
General Purpose Output (GPO) Motor output OUT3 (pin 9) goes ‘High’ while the button is pressed. n/a
S5 not available
S6 not available
S7 not available
S8/Xpresso Reset same as Demo_Mode_1
S9/PCA9629A Reset same as Demo_Mode_1

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6. Firmware overview
The firmware for the PCA9629A demo board is contained in a number of ‘C’ modules. The
modular design and conformance to the CMSIS software standard V1.3 facilitates porting
the software to other ARM Cortex versions. The firmware was written and compiled using
the free LPCXpresso compiler tools referenced earlier in this document. The modules are
discussed individually in the following sections (Section 6.1 through Section 6.7).
The firmware for the PCA9629A demo uses a simple foreground/background technique.
This technique means that most of the processor time is spent in a loop checking flags
that are set in interrupt routines to indicate that processing is required when the flag is
tested in the main loop.
Application tasks are separated into individual modules. Most of these modules have
header files that contain the external declarations for functions called by other modules.
To call a function in a module that does not contain the function requires including the
header file in the calling module for the module containing the function to be called.
Some of the modules are available from NXP in the ‘LPC13xx code bundle’ and some of
the modules were written specifically for this application.
The firmware is delivered in the format of executable binary and LPCXpresso project with
source code. The project contains all source code and library files that are required to
rebuild the project.
The firmware project includes readme and history information in ‘info’ directory, as shown
in Figure 6.
Fig 6. Firmware ‘C’ modules and ‘info’ directory

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6.1 CMSIS V1.3 and start-up modules
The Cortex Microcontroller Software Interface Standard (CMSIS) requires several
standard header files and system files to be included in the build to comply with the
standard. The CMSIS V1.3 files are provided by ARM for the LPC1343 and are included
with this project package.
In addition to the CMSIS V1.3 files, a start-up file is provided from the compiler vendor,
Code Red. The start-up file is ‘cr_startup_lpc13.c’. The start-up file defines the locations of
the exception/interrupt handlers, and sets up the default exception handlers.
6.2 PCA9629A_config.h
All definitions of PCA9629A related are defined in this file.
This header file is quite simple that defines PCA9629A slave addressed, register
addresses, a few parameters of register bit fields, I2C buffer size (because this value is
related to the number of the registers) and some common global function prototypes.
A listing of the PCA9629A_config.h is given in Section 9 “Appendix A:
PCA9629A_config.h”.
6.3 PCA9629A_main.c module
The main module has all the initialization routines for the other modules, as well as
containing the loop that test the application flags. For this application, flags indicating an
external interrupt occurred and which pin caused the interrupt are tested in main loop and
acted on if it was determined that a switch was pressed generating the external interrupt.
Next 13 functions are predefined functions that are called from io_interface.c.
All those functions (except MODE_GPO) have names in format of
‘MODEn_Sn_DemoFeature’. The function name starts with MODE1_ or MODE2_. Those
functions are called only when the demo mode is in mode-1 or mode-2. The second part
of the name is the switch (button on the demo board) number. So
‘MODE1_S4_RotationsMode’ is a function which is called when the button 4 is pressed in
mode-1.
void MODEn_S1_SetPhaseMode( void ) : function called when S1 is pressed in mode 1 and 2
void MODEn_S2_SwitchDirection( void ) : function called when S2 is pressed in mode 1 and 2
void MODE1_S3_StepsMode( void ) : function called when S3 is pressed in mode 1
void MODE1_S4_RotationsMode( void ) : function called when S4 is pressed in mode 1
void MODE1_S5_ReverseMode( void ) : function called when S5 is pressed in mode 1
void MODE1_S6_ContinousMode( void ) : function called when S6 is pressed in mode 1
void MODE1_S7_InterruptMode( void ) : function called when S7 is pressed in mode 1
void MODE2_S3_RampMode( void ) : function called when S3 is pressed in mode 2
void MODE2_S4_RampMode( void ) : function called when S4 is pressed in mode 2
void MODE2_S5_UserCustomFunction( void ) : function called when S5 is pressed in mode 2
void MODE2_S6_UserCustomFunction( void ) : function called when S6 is pressed in mode 2
void MODE2_S7_UserCustomFunction( void ) : function called when S7 is pressed in mode 2
void MODE_GPO( void ) : function called when the mode is 3

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Functions of MODE2_S5_UserCustomFunction, MODE2_S6_UserCustomFunction and
MODE2_S7_UserCustomFunction are empty functions that are reserved for user custom
demo features.
And some functions defined in this module can be used as general commands. These
functions take PCA9629A slave address to define the target.
void StopMotor( uint8_t i2c_dev )
void PCA9629_HW_reset( void )
void PCA9629_all_register_init( uint8_t i2c_dev )
void WaitForStop( uint8_t i2c_dev )
6.4 io_interface.c io_interface.h
The io_interface.c is made to manage button (push switch) related events. This module
has interrupt handlers and flag checking routine which is called from main loop.
The interrupt handler gets the event of the buttons and sets flag. The flag checking routine
calls functions in PCA9629A_main.c to execute demo features.
Fig 7. PCA9629A_main.c

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6.5 i2c_abstraction.c and i2c_abstraction.h
I2C read and write routines are available in this module.
This module abstracts the implementation of the I2C master interface in MCU (LPC1343)
and simplifies the access of the PCA9629A internal registers.
There are 4 functions for I2C transfers. The first 2 functions are read and write for
single-byte data.
The single byte read function ‘i2c_read’ takes 2 arguments of I2C slave address and
register address. Single byte read data is given as a return value.
The single byte write function ‘i2c_write’ takes 3 arguments of I2C slave address,
register address and 1 byte data for the register.
uint8_t i2c_read(uint8_t i2c_dev, uint8_t regadd);
void i2c_write(uint8_t i2c_dev, uint8_t regadd, uint8_t regdata);
The other 2 functions are for read and write multiple bytes.
The multiple read function ‘i2c_read_array’ takes 3 arguments. First one is slave address,
second is register address of read start and last is size of the reading. The read data is
stored in global array in I2C driver routines. The function returns pointer to this array. The
data inside of the array should be retrieved before next read (both single-byte read and
multiple-byte read) because it will be overwritten.
The writing can be done by ‘i2c_write_array’. It requires 4 arguments of I2C slave address,
register address, pointer to single byte array and array size.
uint8_t *i2c_read_array( uint8_t i2c_dev, uint8_t regadd, uint8_t size )
void i2c_write_array( uint8_t i2c_dev, uint8_t regadd, const uint8_t *regdata,
uint8_t size )
Usage examples of those functions can be found in PCA9629A_main.c module.
6.6 I2C.c and I2C.h modules
The I2C.c is a driver of the MCU I2C peripheral. This module is a layer under
i2c_abstraction.c. It may not be required to touch inside of this module.
6.7 GPIO.c, GPIO.h, systick.c, systick.h, timer16b_0.c and timer16b_0.h
These modules are drivers for the MCU peripherals. They manage GPIO ports and
timings.

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7. Programming the demo board
7.1 Programming the PCA9629A demo board via USB
If the code read protection (CRP) is not set on the LPC1343 microcontroller, the firmware
may be updated via USB. To update via Mini-USB (X1), a PCA9629ADemo.bin (binary)
file must be provided or generated. The process to update or program the new firmware to
LPC1343 is described as follows:
1. Insert a jumper into JP_ISP (pin 1-2) prior to power-up of the demo board.
2. Connect a Mini-USB cable between the PCA9629A demo board Mini-USB (X1) and a
PC.
3. Apply +12 V power to the PCA9629A demo board; this puts the demo board in the
USB boot mode.
4. Double-click ‘My Computer’ to bring up this window. The following should be
displayed (It may take a short time for the PC to read the USB info from the target).
5. Double-click ‘CRP DISABLD’ to open device window as displayed below; then delete
the current firmware.bin (binary) file.