Octagon 5266 User manual

5266 CPU card
Reference manual
Manual part #7739, rev. A07
CONTACT INFORMATION
Front Desk: 303–430–1500
Technical Support: 303–426–4521
[e-mail]
www.octagonsystems.com
1

Copyright
Micro PC™ is an Octagon Systems Corporation trademark, and Octagon
Systems Corporation®, and the Octagon logo are registered trademarks of Octagon
Systems Corporation. ROM–DOS™ is a trademark of Datalight. QNX® is a
registered trademark of QNX Software Systems Ltd. Windows 2000®, Windows
NT®, Windows XP® and Windows CE.net® are registered trademarks of Microsoft
Corporation. HyperTerminal ™ is a copyright of Hilgraeve, Inc. CompactFlash™ is
a trademark of San Disk Corporation. Ethernet® is a registered trademark of
Xerox Corporation.
Disclaimer
Copyright 2007—Octagon Systems Corporation. All rights reserved. However, any
part of this document may be reproduced, provided that Octagon Systems
Corporation is cited as the source. The contents of this manual and the
specifications herein may change without notice.
The information contained in this manual is believed to be correct. However,
Octagon assumes no responsibility for any of the circuits described herein, conveys
no license under any patent or other right, and makes no representations that the
circuits are free from patent infringement. Octagon makes no representation or
warranty that such applications will be suitable for the use specified without
further testing or modification.
Octagon Systems Corporation general policy does not recommend the use of its
products in life support applications where the failure or malfunction of a
component may directly threaten life or injury. It is a Condition of Sale that the
user of Octagon products in life support applications assumes all the risk of such
use and indemnifies Octagon against all damage.
Technical Support
Carefully recheck your system before calling Technical Support. Run as many tests
as possible; the more information you can provide, the easier it will be for Technical
Support staff to help you solve the problem. For additional technical assistance, try
the following:
Technical Support telephone: [phone]
E-mail Technical Support: [email protected]
Applications Notes (via web): www.octagonsystems.com
Revision History
Revision Reason for Change Date
A07 Initial Production Release 09 / 07
2

IMPORTANT!
Please read the following section before installing your product:
Octagon’s products are designed to be high in performance while consuming very
little power. In order to maintain this advantage, CMOS circuitry is used.
CMOS chips have specific needs and some special requirements that the user must
be aware of. Read the following to help avoid damage to your card from the use of
CMOS chips.
Using CMOS circuitry in industrial control
Industrial computers originally used LSTTL circuits. Because many PC
components are used in laptop computers, IC manufacturers are exclusively using
CMOS technology. Both TTL and CMOS have failure mechanisms, but they are
different. Described below are some of the failures that are common to all
manufacturers of CMOS equipment.
The most common failures on CPU control cards are over voltage of the power
supply, static discharge, and damage to the serial and parallel ports. On expansion
cards, the most common failures are static discharge, over voltage of inputs, over
current of outputs, and misuse of the CMOS circuitry with regards to power supply
sequencing. In the case of the video cards, the most common failure is to miswire
the card to the flat panel display. Miswiring can damage both the card and an
expensive display.
Multiple component failures: The chance of a random component failure is
very rare since the average MTBF of an Octagon card is greater than 11 years.
In a 7 year study, Octagon has never found a single case where multiple IC
failures were not caused by misuse or accident. It is very probable that multiple
component failures indicate that they were user-induced.
Testing “dead” cards: For a card that is “completely nonfunctional”, there is
a simple test to determine accidental over voltage, reverse voltage or other
“forced” current situations. Unplug the card from the bus and remove all
cables. Using an ordinary digital ohmmeter on the 2,000 ohm scale, measure
the resistance between power and ground. Record this number. Reverse the
ohmmeter leads and measure the resistance again. If the ratio of the
resistances is 2:1 or greater, fault conditions most likely have occurred. A
common cause is miswiring the power supply.
Improper power causes catastrophic failure: If a card has had reverse
polarity or high voltage applied, replacing a failed component is not an
adequate fix. Other components probably have been partially damaged or a
failure mechanism has been induced. Therefore, a failure will probably occur in
the future. For such cards, Octagon highly recommends that these cards be
replaced.
Other over-voltage symptoms: In over-voltage situations, the
programmable logic devices, EPROMs and CPU chips, usually fail in this order.
3

The failed device may be hot to the touch. It is usually the case that only one IC
will be overheated at a time.
Power sequencing: The major failure of I/O chips is caused by the external
application of input voltage while the power is off. If you apply 5V to the input
of a TTL chip with the power off, nothing will happen. Applying a 5V input to a
CMOS card will cause the current to flow through the input and out the 5V
power pin. This current attempts to power up the card. Most inputs are rated
at 25 mA maximum. When this is exceeded, the chip may be damaged.
Failure on power-up: Even when there is not enough current to destroy an
input described above, the chip may be destroyed when the power to the card is
applied. This is due to the fact that the input current biases the IC so that it
acts as a forward biased diode on power-up. This type of failure is typical on
serial interface chips but can apply to any IC on the card.
Under-rated power supply: The board may fail to boot due to an under-
rated power supply. It is important that a quality power supply be used with
the 5266 that has sufficient current capacity, line and load regulation, hold up
time, current limiting, and minimum ripple. The power supply for the 5266
must meet the startup risetime requirements specified in the ATX Power
Design Guide, version 1.1, section 3.3.5. This assures that all the circuitry on
the CPU control card sequences properly and avoids system lockup.
Excessive signal lead lengths: Another source of failure that was identified
years ago at Octagon was excessive lead lengths on digital inputs. Long leads
act as an antenna to pick up noise. They can also act as unterminated
transmission lines. When 5V is switched onto a line, it creates a transient
waveform. Octagon has seen sub-microsecond pulses of 8V or more. The
solution is to place a capacitor, for example 0.1 µF, across the switch contact.
This will also eliminate radio frequency and other high frequency pickup.
Avoiding damage to the heatsink or CPU
WARNING!
When handling any Octagon CPU card, extreme care must be taken
not to strike the heatsink (if installed) against another object, such
as a table edge. Also, be careful not to drop the CPU card, since this
may cause damage to the heatsink or CPU as well.
Note Any physical damage to the CPU card is not covered under warranty.
Excessive Thermal Stress
This card is guaranteed to operate over the published temperature ranges and
relevant conditions. However, sustained operation near the maximum temperature
specification is not recommended by Octagon or the CPU chip manufacturer due to
well known, thermal related, failure mechanisms. These failure mechanisms,
common to all silicon devices, can reduce the MTBF of the cards. Extended
operation at the lower limits of the temperature ranges has no limitations.
4

Table of Contents
Copyright ........................................................................................................................................................... 2
Disclaimer.......................................................................................................................................................... 2
Technical Support ............................................................................................................................................. 2
Revision History ................................................................................................................................................ 2
Using CMOS circuitry in industrial control ........................................................................................................ 3
Avoiding damage to the heatsink or CPU............................................................................................................ 4
Excessive Thermal Stress ................................................................................................................................. 4
Table of Contents .................................................................................................................................................. 5
List of Figures........................................................................................................................................................ 9
List of Tables........................................................................................................................................................ 10
Overview: Section 1 – Installation ................................................................................................................. 11
Chapter 1: Overview.......................................................................................................................................... 12
Description .......................................................................................................................................................... 12
5266 major hardware features ........................................................................................................................... 12
CPU.................................................................................................................................................................. 12
SDRAM ............................................................................................................................................................ 12
On-board flash ................................................................................................................................................. 12
CompactFlash socket ...................................................................................................................................... 12
Hard disk and IDE port .................................................................................................................................. 12
USB ports ........................................................................................................................................................ 13
Keyboard / mouse ............................................................................................................................................ 13
Digital I/O and LPT......................................................................................................................................... 13
Ethernet........................................................................................................................................................... 13
Serial ports protected against ESD ................................................................................................................ 13
Video ................................................................................................................................................................ 14
Audio................................................................................................................................................................ 14
Real time calendar/clock with battery backup............................................................................................... 14
Setup information stored in SEEPROM for high reliability ......................................................................... 14
User-available SEEPROM .............................................................................................................................. 14
Watchdog timer added for safety.................................................................................................................... 14
Hardware reset................................................................................................................................................ 14
5 Volt input power........................................................................................................................................... 15
Rugged environmental operation ................................................................................................................... 15
Size................................................................................................................................................................... 15
5266 major software features ............................................................................................................................. 16
Diagnostic software verifies system integrity automatically ........................................................................ 16
General Software BIOS................................................................................................................................... 16
Octagon built in INT 17 BIOS extensions...................................................................................................... 16
Boot sequence .................................................................................................................................................. 16
Chapter 2: Quick start ...................................................................................................................................... 17
Component diagrams, connectors, switches and cables.................................................................................... 17
5266 connectors and switches/jumpers .......................................................................................................... 22
Custom cables.................................................................................................................................................. 23
Mounting the 5266.............................................................................................................................................. 24
Using a Micro PC card cage ............................................................................................................................ 24
Panel mounting or stacking the 5266............................................................................................................. 26
Using the 5266 in a passive ISA backplane ................................................................................................... 29
5266 power supply requirements.................................................................................................................... 30
Installing an operating system........................................................................................................................... 31
OS on CD-ROM onto a hard drive or CompactFlash ........................................................................................ 31
Chapter 3: Setup programs.............................................................................................................................. 34
Setup.................................................................................................................................................................... 34
System BIOS Utility menu ............................................................................................................................. 35
Information Browser menu............................................................................................................................. 35
Basic CMOS Configuration menu .................................................................................................................. 36
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Features Configuration menu......................................................................................................................... 38
Custom Configuration menu........................................................................................................................... 40
Plug-n-Play Configuration menu.................................................................................................................... 42
Shadow/Cache Configuration menu ............................................................................................................... 42
Writing to CMOS and exiting ......................................................................................................................... 43
Overview: Section 2 – Hardware .................................................................................................................... 44
Chapter 4: Serial ports...................................................................................................................................... 45
Description .......................................................................................................................................................... 45
Mating receptacles .......................................................................................................................................... 45
Baud rate divisor registers ................................................................................................................................. 45
Serial port configurations................................................................................................................................... 46
Function and use of serial ports......................................................................................................................... 48
COM1 as serial console device........................................................................................................................ 48
COM1 and COM2 as RS–232 I/O ................................................................................................................... 48
COM2 as RS–422 or RS–485 networks .......................................................................................................... 48
RS–422............................................................................................................................................................. 49
RS–485............................................................................................................................................................. 50
Chapter 5: Console devices .............................................................................................................................. 51
Description .......................................................................................................................................................... 51
Selecting console devices .................................................................................................................................... 51
Monitor and keyboard console ........................................................................................................................ 51
Serial console................................................................................................................................................... 53
Hot key access to serial console ...................................................................................................................... 54
Chapter 6: CompactFlash, SDRAM, and battery backup........................................................................... 55
Description .......................................................................................................................................................... 55
CompactFlash ..................................................................................................................................................... 55
Setup configurations for CompactFlash......................................................................................................... 55
Creating a bootable CompactFlash ................................................................................................................ 56
SDRAM................................................................................................................................................................ 56
Battery backup for real time calendar clock...................................................................................................... 57
Installing an AT battery ................................................................................................................................. 57
Chapter 7: External drives............................................................................................................................... 58
Description .......................................................................................................................................................... 58
Setup configurations for hard drives ................................................................................................................. 58
Hard disk controller............................................................................................................................................ 58
Master/slave designation for IDE devices ...................................................................................................... 58
Installing a hard drive........................................................................................................................................ 60
Chapter 8: Bit-programmable digital I/O...................................................................................................... 61
Description .......................................................................................................................................................... 61
BIOS Setup configuration for digital I/O ........................................................................................................... 61
Interfacing to switches and other devices.......................................................................................................... 64
Opto-module rack interface ............................................................................................................................ 64
Organization of banks......................................................................................................................................... 66
Port addressing................................................................................................................................................ 66
19 I/O lines configurable for pulled low / pulled high.................................................................................... 67
Configuring and programming the I/O port ...................................................................................................... 67
Programming the I/O ...................................................................................................................................... 67
Configuring the I/O ......................................................................................................................................... 67
Writing and reading from I/O ......................................................................................................................... 68
I/O output program examples......................................................................................................................... 69
I/O input program examples ........................................................................................................................... 69
Built-in BIOS function definitions ..................................................................................................................... 70
Initialize I/O .................................................................................................................................................... 70
Write I/O .......................................................................................................................................................... 70
Read I/O ........................................................................................................................................................... 71
Chapter 9: LPT1 parallel port ......................................................................................................................... 72
BIOS Setup configuration for LPT1................................................................................................................... 72
Configuring the LPT signals .............................................................................................................................. 72
Creating a printer cable...................................................................................................................................... 73
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Installing a printer ............................................................................................................................................. 74
Chapter 10: CRTs and TFT flat panels .......................................................................................................... 75
Description .......................................................................................................................................................... 75
Video features ..................................................................................................................................................... 75
Connecting a monitor.......................................................................................................................................... 75
Connecting a flat panel display.......................................................................................................................... 77
BIOS Setup for flat panels .............................................................................................................................. 77
Flat panels requiring bias voltage.................................................................................................................. 77
5V flat panels................................................................................................................................................... 77
Connecting the flat panel to the 5266 ............................................................................................................ 78
Chapter 11: Ethernet......................................................................................................................................... 80
Description .......................................................................................................................................................... 80
Chapter 12: USB ................................................................................................................................................. 81
Description .......................................................................................................................................................... 81
USB hard drives and CD-ROMs ........................................................................................................................ 81
Chapter 13: Audio and PC beep speaker ...................................................................................................... 82
Description .......................................................................................................................................................... 82
Overview: Section 3 – System management................................................................................................. 83
Chapter 14: Watchdog timer and hardware reset ...................................................................................... 84
Description .......................................................................................................................................................... 84
Booting, power down, and strobing the watchdog timer ............................................................................... 84
Watchdog function definitions using enhanced INT 17h handler ....................................................................85
Enable watchdog ............................................................................................................................................. 85
Strobe watchdog .............................................................................................................................................. 85
Disable watchdog............................................................................................................................................. 86
Hardware reset ................................................................................................................................................... 86
Chapter 15: Serial EEPROM............................................................................................................................ 87
Description .......................................................................................................................................................... 87
Built-in INT 17h function definitions ................................................................................................................ 87
Serial EEPROM .................................................................................................................................................. 87
Read a single byte from the serial EEPROM................................................................................................. 87
Write a single byte to the serial EEPROM .................................................................................................... 87
Return serial EEPROM size ...........................................................................................................................88
Chapter 16: System switches, user switches, BIOS update and LEDs................................................... 90
System switches.................................................................................................................................................. 90
System switch.................................................................................................................................................. 90
Video switch..................................................................................................................................................... 90
User switch ...................................................................................................................................................... 90
INT17 calls to read user switches ...................................................................................................................... 91
BIOS programming using REFLASH.EXE ....................................................................................................... 92
LEDs.................................................................................................................................................................... 92
Chapter 17: CPU clock and ISA bus interrupt routing ............................................................................. 93
CPU clock speed.................................................................................................................................................. 93
ISA bus and onboard interrupt routing ............................................................................................................. 93
Chapter 18: Troubleshooting........................................................................................................................... 95
No system LED activity...................................................................................................................................... 95
No CRT or flat panel video ................................................................................................................................. 95
Video is present but is distorted......................................................................................................................... 96
No serial console activity .................................................................................................................................... 96
Garbled serial console screen activity................................................................................................................ 96
System generates a BIOS message but locks up when booting........................................................................ 97
System will not boot from CompactFlash .......................................................................................................... 97
System locks up on power-up; may or may not respond to reset switch .......................................................... 97
System locks up after power-down/power-up .................................................................................................... 97
LED signaling of “beep” counts .......................................................................................................................... 97
Technical assistance ......................................................................................................................................... 102
Overview: Section 4 – Appendices................................................................................................................ 103
Appendix A: 5266 technical data .................................................................................................................. 104
Technical specifications .................................................................................................................................... 104
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CPU................................................................................................................................................................ 104
Front Side Bus............................................................................................................................................... 104
PCI and LPC bus clock.................................................................................................................................. 104
ISA bus clock ................................................................................................................................................. 104
BIOS............................................................................................................................................................... 104
SDRAM .......................................................................................................................................................... 104
On-board flash ............................................................................................................................................... 104
Hard drive...................................................................................................................................................... 104
CompactFlash socket .................................................................................................................................... 104
USB................................................................................................................................................................ 104
Serial I/O........................................................................................................................................................ 104
Digital I/O ...................................................................................................................................................... 104
LPT................................................................................................................................................................. 104
Keyboard and mouse ports............................................................................................................................ 104
Ethernet......................................................................................................................................................... 105
Video .............................................................................................................................................................. 105
Audio.............................................................................................................................................................. 105
Watchdog timer ............................................................................................................................................. 105
Real time clock............................................................................................................................................... 105
Operating systems......................................................................................................................................... 105
Power requirements ...................................................................................................................................... 105
Environmental specifications ....................................................................................................................... 105
Size................................................................................................................................................................. 105
Weight............................................................................................................................................................ 105
Excessive Thermal Stress ............................................................................................................................. 105
Mating connectors............................................................................................................................................. 106
Maps .................................................................................................................................................................. 107
Switch settings.................................................................................................................................................. 109
Jumper Settings................................................................................................................................................ 110
Connector pin–outs ........................................................................................................................................... 111
Appendix B: Software utilities...................................................................................................................... 118
Introduction....................................................................................................................................................... 118
Support commands........................................................................................................................................ 118
REFLASH.EXE................................................................................................................................................. 119
RESET.COM ..................................................................................................................................................... 119
Appendix C: Accessories.................................................................................................................................. 120
Warranty ............................................................................................................................................................. 121
Limitations on warranty................................................................................................................................... 121
Service policy..................................................................................................................................................... 121
Returning a product for repair ......................................................................................................................... 121
Returns.............................................................................................................................................................. 122
Governing law ................................................................................................................................................... 122
8

List of Figures
Figure 2–1 5266 component diagram (top) ........................................................................................18
Figure 2–2 5266 component diagram (bottom)..................................................................................19
Figure 2–3 5266 dimensions (inches).................................................................................................20
Figure 2–4 5266 dimensions (mm).....................................................................................................21
Figure 2–5 5266, VGA monitor, and USB keyboard .........................................................................25
Figure 2–6 Edge connector orientation..............................................................................................25
Figure 2–7 Populated Micro PC card cage.........................................................................................26
Figure 2–8 Panel mounting the 5266.................................................................................................27
Figure 2–9 Stacking the 5266 ............................................................................................................27
Figure 2–10 Power connector: J11 diagram ........................................................................................28
Figure 2–11 5266, VGA monitor, USB keyboard, and power supply .................................................28
Figure 2–12 Using a passive ISA backplane .......................................................................................30
Figure 2–13 Installing an operating system........................................................................................33
Figure 4–1 COM ports ........................................................................................................................46
Figure 4–2 VTC-20F cable and null modem adapter ........................................................................47
Figure 4–3 Typical RS–422 four-wire interface circuit.....................................................................49
Figure 4–4 Typical RS–485 two–wire half duplex interface circuit .................................................50
Figure 5–1 Monitor and keyboard as console ....................................................................................52
Figure 5–2 The 5266 and a serial console..........................................................................................54
Figure 7–1 5266 with IDE devices .....................................................................................................59
Figure 8–1 Typical digital I/O configuration .....................................................................................63
Figure 8–2 Organization of banks......................................................................................................66
Figure 9–1 Custom printer cable .......................................................................................................73
Figure 10–1 The 5266 and a VGA monitor..........................................................................................76
Figure 10–2 The 5266 and a flat panel display ...................................................................................78
9

List of Tables
Table 2–1 5266 connector functions .................................................................................................22
Table 2–2 5266 switch/jumper functions .........................................................................................22
Table 4–1 Baud rate divisors............................................................................................................45
Table 4–2 COM1 and COM2 connector pin-outs (J4 connector) .....................................................47
Table 4–3 COM2 termination switch, Switch 2...............................................................................47
Table 6–1 CompactFlash, UDMA, RS485 termination switch, SW2..............................................55
Table 6–2 Battery connector.............................................................................................................57
Table 8–1 J7 arranged by function – digital I/O connector.............................................................62
Table 8–2 J7 arranged by pins – digital I/O connector....................................................................62
Table 8–3 Digital I/O opto-rack interface ........................................................................................65
Table 8–4 Digital I/O pulled high / pulled low jumper ....................................................................67
Table 8–5 I/O port byte .....................................................................................................................68
Table 9–1 LPT lines pulled low jumper ...........................................................................................72
Table 9–1 DB-25 routing to J7 connector.........................................................................................74
Table 10–1 J6 – CRT connector..........................................................................................................76
Table 10–2 J501 – flat panel connector..............................................................................................79
Table 11–1 Ethernet LEDs .................................................................................................................80
Table 13–1 J9 – audio connector ........................................................................................................82
Table 13–2 W2 – PC speaker connector .............................................................................................82
Table 16−1System configuration switches, Switch 500....................................................................90
Table 17–1 ISA bus interrupt routing................................................................................................94
Table 17–2 Onboard interrupt routing ..............................................................................................94
Table 18–1 POST port 80 codes..........................................................................................................98
Table 18–2 BIOS beep counts...........................................................................................................101
Table A–1 5266 mating connectors .................................................................................................106
Table A–2 5266 I/O map..................................................................................................................107
Table A–3 5266 interrupt map........................................................................................................108
Table A–4 5266 memory map..........................................................................................................108
Table A–5 CompactFlash, UDMA, RS485 termination switch, Switch2 ......................................109
Table A–6 System configuration switches, Switch 500..................................................................109
Table A–7 Digital I/O pulled high / pulled low jumper, W1...........................................................110
Table A–8 ISA bus interrupt routing, W4 and W5.........................................................................110
Table A–9 Onboard interrupt routing, W4 .....................................................................................110
Table A–10 W2– PC Speaker connector ..........................................................................................111
Table A–11 J1 – Dual USB connector...............................................................................................111
Table A–12 J2 – Ethernet connector.................................................................................................111
Table A–13 J3 – Battery connector...................................................................................................111
Table A–14 J4 – COM1 and COM2 connector..................................................................................111
Table A–15 J4 – COM2 connector.....................................................................................................112
Table A–16 J5 – USB3/4 connector...................................................................................................112
Table A–17 J6 – CRT connector........................................................................................................112
Table A–18 J7 – Digital I/O connector..............................................................................................113
Table A–19 J7 – LPT connector ........................................................................................................113
Table A–20 J8 – EIDE connector ......................................................................................................114
Table A–21 J9 – Audio connector......................................................................................................114
Table A–22 J10 – ISA bus connector ................................................................................................115
Table A–23 J11 – Power connector ...................................................................................................115
Table A–24 J500 – CompactFlash ....................................................................................................116
Table A–25 J501 – flat panel connector............................................................................................117
Table C–1 Cables and accessories...................................................................................................120
Table C–2 Digital I/O accessories ...................................................................................................120
10

Overview: Section 1 – Installation
Section 1 provides installation and programming instructions, startup options, and
system configuration program examples. The following chapters are included:
Chapter 1: Overview
Chapter 2: Quick start
Chapter 3: Setup programs
11

Chapter 1: Overview
Description
The 5266 is a CPU card in the Micro PC™ form factor. It is intended for higher-
performance, low-power embedded control applications. The 5266 integrates serial
communications, Ethernet, IDE hard disk port, CompactFlash socket, digital I/O
with LPT, four USB ports, audio port, and video. The 5266 can be used in a stand-
alone mode or expanded through the Micro PC card cage.
The 5266 comes with a BIOS loaded on a flash device for easy updates. It is fully
compatible with most popular operating systems.
5266 major hardware features
CPU
The CPU is a high-performance, low-power Geode LX 800 processor. It can be
configured to run at 400 or 500 MHz.
The 5266 uses the CS5536 companion chip for some of the peripherals. The 5266
has an LPC Bus speed of 33 MHz, an ISA bus speed of 8.33 MHz and a PCI bus
speed of 33 MHz.
SDRAM
The 5266 supports a single PC2700 or PC3200 DDR SO–DIMM module up to 1 GB.
On-board flash
On board is a PLCC boot flash that contains the BIOS.
CompactFlash socket
The CompactFlash socket accepts a Type I or Type II 3V CompactFlash card. The
CompactFlash appears as an IDE device to the system. The IDE controller
supports two IDE devices. If a CompactFlash is used, only one additional IDE
device can be used. The CompactFlash is configured as a master or slave device
with an on-board jumper.
Hard disk and IDE port
The 5266 IDE controller supports two IDE devices. If a CompactFlash is used, only
one additional IDE device can be used. The controller provides independent timing
associated with master and slave devices. It supports PIO modes 0-4, MDMA
modes 0-2 and Ultra DMA modes 2 and 4.
IDE devices connect through a 44-pin connector. Transfer rates up to UDMA 66 are
supported; however, conventional 44-pin cables only support UDMA 33.
12

USB ports
The 5266 provides four USB 2.0 channels. Two channels are accessed through a
dual stacked port with standard USB type A connectors. The other two channels
are accessed through a 10-pin header. The Octagon two-port USB cable (part
#6288) provides a direct connection from the 10-pin connector to two USB devices.
USB is available when using an operating system that supports USB. DOS legacy
USB is supported, including legacy keyboard / mouse, hard disk drive, and CD
ROM.
All channels are Universal HCI and OHCI compliant.
Note that USB devices are hot-swappable when a device is plugged into a standard
USB connector; the pins on the connectors determine the order in which they make
contact. Devices are not hot-swappable when connected to a non-standard header.
You can hot swap a device through the USB connectors on the two-port USB cable,
or through another USB connector wired to the 10-pin header, but you cannot hot
swap at the 10-pin header itself. The dual stacked port is hot swappable.
The 5266 will boot from a USB drive.
Keyboard / mouse
The 5266 does not have a PS/2 or AT-style connector for keyboard or mouse. The
USB ports support legacy DOS keyboard / mouse.
Digital I/O and LPT
The 24 digital I/O lines will interface with logic devices, switch inputs, LEDs and
industry standard opto module racks. The I/O lines are 0–5V logic compatible. Each
line can sink or source 15mA. The lines can be individually programmed as inputs
or outputs.
The digital I/O port can be configured in BIOS Setup as an LPT port supporting
SPP mode.
Ethernet
The 5266 provides one 10/100BaseT Ethernet port and supports the IEEE 802.3
Ethernet standard.
Serial ports protected against ESD
The 5266 has two serial ports. COM1 is an 8-wire RS–232C port. COM2 can be
configured as 8-wire RS–232C, RS–422, or RS–485.
13

Video
The 5266 supports CRT monitors up to 1600 x 1200 x 24 bpp (bits per pixel)
resolution, and TFT flat panel displays with up to 1024 x 768 x 18 bpp resolution.
Audio
Stereo audio output and input are provided with full duplex operation at line level.
Variable sample rates up to 48 kHz with 8- or 16-bit data resolution per channel
are supported. A separate connector provides the PC AT standard PCBEEP output.
Real time calendar/clock with battery backup
The real time clock is fully AT compatible. An optional off-card battery powers the
real time clock when the 5 volt supply is removed.
Setup information stored in SEEPROM for high reliability
Loss of Setup data is serious in industrial applications. Most PCs store Setup
information in battery-backed CMOS RAM. If the battery fails or is replaced
during routine maintenance, this information is lost. Without a keyboard and
monitor in embedded applications, time consuming re-initialization is required.
The 5266 stores the Setup information in Serial EEPROM.
User-available SEEPROM
The SEEPROM has 720 bytes available to the user. Software routines to use this
available memory come with the 5266.
Watchdog timer added for safety
The watchdog timer resets the system if the program stops unexpectedly. The
watchdog is enabled, disabled and strobed under software control; it can also be
enabled or disabled in Setup. The time-out period is programmable from 1 second
to 216 seconds.
Hardware reset
A hardware reset ensures complete reset of the system and all attached
peripherals. A hardware reset can be done by any of the following methods:
An expired watchdog timer cycle
Depressing the reset switch
Cycling power
Power supervisor reset
14

5 Volt input power
The 5266 operates from a 5V±0.25V input. This can be from a card cage, a passive
ISA backplane, or through the on-board power connector. Typical power
consumption is 1.04A @ 500 MHz with 1 GB DDR memory.
Rugged environmental operation
Operating temperature –40° to +70°C *
Nonoperating temperature –55° to 95°C, nonoperating
Relative humidity 5% to 95% noncondensing
Shock 40g, 3 axis
Vibration 5g, 3 axis
* The 5266 will operate up to 85°C for brief periods. Octagon Systems does not
recommend sustained operation over 70°C.
Size
124.46 mm x 114.3 mm, 4.9 in x 4.5 in
Micro PC form factor
15

5266 major software features
Diagnostic software verifies system integrity automatically
The 5266 has built-in diagnostic software that can be used to verify on-card I/O and
memory functions. On power up, a series of tests is performed. If a problem occurs,
the failed test can be identified by a flashing LED or a beep code. The test is
performed automatically every time the system is reset or powered up. Memory
verification does not require software, test equipment, monitor, keyboard, disks, or
test fixtures. See the “Troubleshooting” chapter for a listing of tests and failures
and their descriptions.
General Software BIOS
The 5266 has a General Software BIOS with Octagon BIOS extensions. The BIOS
extensions support the INT17 functions.
Octagon built in INT 17 BIOS extensions
The 5266 has built in INT 17 BIOS extensions which allow easy access to watchdog
timer functions, serial EEPROM, digital I/O, and User Switch access.
Boot sequence
An 5266 can be configured to boot from CompactFlash, a hard disk, or a CD–ROM;
or from a USB device such as a floppy drive, hard drive, CD ROM or flash device.
Refer to the appropriate chapters on these devices for specific configuration
requirements.
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Chapter 2: Quick start
This chapter covers the basics of setting up a 5266 system. The following topics
are discussed:
Component diagrams, connectors, switches and cables
Panel mounting, stacking, or installing the 5266 into an Octagon Micro PC card
cage
Connecting a monitor and keyboard
Installing an operating system
WARNING!
The 5266 can not be installed in a PC. These cards are designed to be
independent CPU cards only, not accelerators or coprocessors.
Component diagrams, connectors, switches and cables
Figures 2–1 and 2–2 show the connectors and switches and their locations on the
5266. Figures2–3 and 2–4 show the dimensions of the 5266 in inches and millimeters. The
sections immediately following those figures describe the connectors and switches,
and some cables that you might require.
WARNING!
The 5266 contains static-sensitive CMOS components. To avoid
damaging your card and its components:
Ground yourself before handling the card and observe ESD
precautions
Disconnect power before removing or inserting the card in a card
cage
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Figure 2–1 5266 component diagram (top)
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Figure 2–2 5266 component diagram (bottom)
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Figure 2–3 5266 dimensions (inches)
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