Omron HEM-9000AI User manual

INSTRUCTION MANUAL
HEM-9000AI
Non-Invasive
Blood Pressure Monitor
with Augmentation Index (AI)
• Thank you for purchasing the Omron HEM-9000AI unit.
• Read all of the instructions in the instruction manual before you operate the unit.
• Retain the instruction manual for future reference when operating the unit.

2
Table of Contents
Indications ................................................................................................................................4
Disclaimer ................................................................................................................................5
Warnings .................................................................................................................................. 6
Warnings and Precautions ...................................................................................................... 7
Care and Maintenance ............................................................................................................11
Package Contents.................................................................................................................. 12
Accessories ............................................................................................................................13
Introduction to the HEM-9000AI..............................................................................................14
General Preparation
Component Names/Descriptions ........................................................................................ 15
Connecting the Main Unit and AI Pulse Wave Measurement Unit ......................................16
Inserting the Memory Card ................................................................................................ 16
Turning on the power, and checking the time/date ..............................................................17
Setting the Date and Time .................................................................................................. 18
Setting the Blood Pressure/AI Measurement Method and Registering ID Information ...... 20
Loading Printer Paper ........................................................................................................ 21
Measurement Preparation
How to Apply the Blood Pressure Cuff .............................................................................. 22
How to Apply the AI Pulse Wave Sensor Unit .................................................................... 24
Post-Measurement
How to Remove the AI Pulse Wave Sensor Unit................................................................ 27
Selecting the Measurement Method ...................................................................................... 28
Al + Blood Pressure Measurement
Measuring AI + Blood Pressure Together .......................................................................... 29
Blood Pressure Measurement
Blood Pressure Measurement ............................................................................................ 34
Auscultation ........................................................................................................................ 36
Al Measurement
AI Measurement.................................................................................................................. 38
Changing Magnification and Scroll Speed.......................................................................... 41

3
Table of Contents
Print
Printing Measurement Results............................................................................................ 42
Print Sequential Pulse Waves While Measuring ................................................................ 43
Memory Retrieval
Show All Data List .............................................................................................................. 44
ID Search ............................................................................................................................ 45
Data Detail .......................................................................................................................... 47
Trend Graph........................................................................................................................ 48
Adding and Modifying Blood Pressure Measurement Values................................................ 50
Registering ID Information
ID Registration .................................................................................................................... 51
Retrieval .............................................................................................................................. 55
Modifications ...................................................................................................................... 56
Configuration Options
How to Change the Setup .................................................................................................. 57
How to Change the Settings .............................................................................................. 58
How to Change the Measurement Settings........................................................................ 59
How to Change Settings for Memory Contents .................................................................. 62
How to Change Display/Sound Settings ............................................................................ 63
How to Change the Clock Settings .................................................................................... 66
Memory Card ...................................................................................................................... 67
Returning to the Default Settings........................................................................................ 69
Keyboard ............................................................................................................................ 70
Calibration Measurement
Checking the Accuracy of the Blood Pressure Display ...................................................... 71
How to Execute a Test Measurement ................................................................................ 72
Validation Study ......................................................................................................................73
Introduction to Troubleshooting ..............................................................................................75
Error List ................................................................................................................................76
Specifications ........................................................................................................................ 80
Limited Warranty .................................................................................................................... 81
Professional Services ........................................................................................................82
Notes Page..............................................................................................................................83

4
Indications
Indications for use
The HEM-9000AI is intended to measure systolic and diastolic blood pressure and pulse rate
in adults with an arm circumference of 17-50 cm (7-20 inches), and to calculate radial augmentation
index (AI). The HEM-9000AI is intended for use in physicians’ offices, hospitals, clinics and other
medical facilities where non-invasive blood pressure and radial AI measurements/calculations are
performed on patients and invasive measurement is contraindicated.
The Augmentation Index (AI) function of the HEM-9000AI has not been evaluated on patients
who have intra-ventricular conduction delays (VCD).
Contraindications for use
As with any non-invasive measurement device, there are clinical conditions which can
influence the accuracy of the results. Also, the subject’s position, physiological condition and other
environmental factors can affect the measurement/calculation.
The Omron HEM-9000AI Non-Invasive Blood Pressure Monitor with Augmentation Index
should not be used with patients who have the following conditions:
1. Patients with a known arrhythmia
2. Patients with insufficient peripheral circulation, acute cases of low blood pressure or low temperature.
3. Patients who use a pacemaker.
4. Patients experiencing a seizure.
5. Babies or children younger than 18 years old.
6. Patients who should not have blood pressure measurements taken from their arms.
7. Patients with an artificial heart.
8. Patients whose artery cannot be found by palpation.

5
Disclaimer
1. The contents of this book may be modified without any notice.
2. Care has been exercised in writing this instruction manual. Contact Omron Healthcare
should you notice any defects or mistakes.
3. It is prohibited to copy a part or all of this instruction manual without written permission.
Read and familiarize yourself with all Instruction Manual materials, including the
instructions for use, warnings, precautions, limitations and capabilities before using
the Omron HEM-9000AI Device.
Omron is not responsible for failure of or damage to the HEM-9000AI, its accessories,
supplies, collateral equipment or to any other equipment or furnishings resulting from:
1. Maintenance or repair by any person other than Omron or an authorized agent of Omron.
2. Use of products or supplies manufactured or distributed by a party other than Omron unless
purchased from Omron.
3. Maintenance, operation or repair utilizing parts, supplies or equipment other than those
specified by Omron.
4. Failure to follow the safety instructions and operating instructions in this manual.
5. Failure to comply with the instructions regarding power supply and environmental conditions
as described in this manual.
6. Modification or inappropriate repair.
7. Acts of God including but not limited to fire, earthquake, flood, lightning strikes.

6
Warnings
GIVE PARTICULAR ATTENTION TO ALL SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
Warning signs and graphic symbols are intended for the safe and correct use of the product, and to
prevent harm or damage to you and others.
Symbols and definitions are as follows:
WARNING
Indicates a possibility that people will be injured or objects will be damaged resulting from
incorrect use.
Caution: Federal Law restricts this device to use by or on the order of a physician, or other
licensed practitioner.
Indicates a possibility that people will suffer death or serious injury resulting
from incorrect use.

7
Clinical
• Do not use unless you are a healthcare worker.
• Do not use for monitoring vital signs in an intensive care unit.
• The device has a safety mechanism built in to prevent pressure from rising
above 300mmHg. If this safety mechanism fails or pressurization fails to stop
while measuring, disconnect the AI pulse wave sensor cuff, or unplug an air
tube from the blood pressure monitor itself.
• Peripheral nerve damage might result.
• Do not apply a cuff or use the AI pulse wave measurement unit on an arm
being transfused or injected with an intravenous injection.
• Intravenous injection or transfusion can not be performed properly.
• Do not use this device on patients who cannot clearly describe their pain.
• It may cause injury to the user if cuff pressurization release stops or pulse wave sensor
pressure release is delayed.
• Do not use this device during an MRI scan.
• It might cause an accident.
• If a power outage occurs while the device is measuring, promptly detach the
cuff and pulse wave sensor unit.
• Injury may result when pressing the wrist for a long period.
• Do not slide the AI pulse wave sensor during AI measurement.
• Injury to the wrist might result.
Device Set Up
• Do not touch the power cord with a wet hand.
• Electric shock might result.
• Do not use cords except those provided.
• Electric shock might result.
• Do not plug into outlet without grounding pin receptacle. Use 2 pole - 3
conductor - grounded receptacle only.
• If plugged into incorrect outlet, electric shock might result.
Device Use
• Plug the main unit into an outlet (do not plug into a multi-plug outlet adapter).
• Fire or electrical shock might result.
• Plug the power cord in firmly. Clean off dust on the power cord.
• Electric shock, a short-circuit or fire might result.
• Do not use when the power cord is damaged or not firmly plugged in.
• Electric shock, a short-circuit or fire might result.
• Do not pull the power cord when unplugging the power cord from an outlet.
• It might cause fire or electric shock due to breaking or short circuiting the power cord.
• Do not use in the presence of a flammable gas or where flammable gas may
be generated or released. (e.g., combustible anesthetics, hyperbaric
chambers, oxygen tents, in presence of combustible/flammable liquids.)
• Explosion or fire might result.
• When you use this device with other medical devices, read the instruction
manuals of those devices carefully, as well, and understand all warnings and
notes before using.
Warnings and Precautions
WARNING

8
Warnings and Precautions
• If the following cases or situations occur, stop using this device immediately,
turn it off, unplug the power cord from the outlet, and contact Omron
Healthcare Professional Services.
• If there is smoke or an unusual odor.
• If this device is dropped or subject to a strong impact.
• If liquid or foreign substances enter the device.
• Failure state.
• Electric shock, a short circuit or fire might result.
• In addition, follow the instructions below in any of the above situations:
• Display an “Out of Order, Do Not Use” sign on the front of the main unit.
• Stop using the device.
• Electric shock might result.
• Do not disassemble or modify this device.
• Electric shock, fire, failure or malfunction might result.
• Do not use with any cuffs except those provided by Omron specifically for this
device and model.
• It might cause incorrect measurement results.
• Do not use any power cords except power cords provided by Omron
specifically for this device.
• Fire or electric shock might result.
• The power cord included with this device may only be used in the United States or Canada
(AC120V). If this device will be used in any country other than the United States or Canada
(AC120V), take the following precaution: Confirm the voltage and safety standard used in
the country in which the device will be operated. Contact Professional Services for
information on where to acquire the correct power cord.
• Do not replace the fuses on your own.
• Fire or electric shock might result.
• The fuses are specifically designed for this device. Contact Professional Services for
replacement of the fuses.
• Fuse model: 2183.15 (Littlefuse, Inc.)
• Do not connect the HEM-9000AI to commercial computers or devices that do
not meet medical safety standards:
• This could cause electric shock.
• This device meets medical safety standards and the leakage current is limited to be within
standard specifications.
Device Maintenance
• After using the unit or cleaning, do not plug the power cord into an outlet until
the unit and power cord are sufficiently dry.
• Fire or electric shock might result.
• Do not place or store in a place that can be reached by water or chemicals.
• Electric shock might result.
WARNING
Omron Healthcare Professional Services 1-877-216-1336

9
Warnings and Precautions
Clinical
• When results are erratic, use other measurement procedures prior to
invasive techniques.
• Make sure that the patient does not touch this device while the test is being
conducted.
• Only measure when the patient is quiet, not talking or moving.
• In the following cases, check blood pressure and pulse by auscultation:
(a) When an irregular pulse wave is found
• Advise the patient not to shake or move the body while measuring. This may cause the
similar condition to irregular pulse wave.
(b) When an error occurs or you have doubt about the measurement value.
• An incorrect measurement may be registered due to external vibration or patient
movement while measuring.
• A measurement error or inability to measure may occur in cases of abnormal
peripheral circulation or very low blood pressure.
• A measurement error or inability to measure may occur in cases of a patient with a
short blood pressure fluctuation, such as an irregular heartbeat.
Device Set up
• Do not connect the air tube, cuff or AI pulse wave measurement unit to
another device’s tube.
• Erroneous results may occur.
• Do not insert or remove the AI pulse wave sensor if a connector or an air
tube is unplugged.
• Damage to the AI pulse wave sensor or pressure air bag might result.
Device Use
• Do not install parts or instruments not specified for this device.
• Do not push the buttons or LCD display with any sharp or hard material.
• Failure or damage might result.
• Do not touch the AI pulse wave sensor with any sharp or hard material.
• Damage might result.
• Do not insert and remove the memory card while saving or retrieving data.
• Memory card data damage might result.
• Make sure the time is set correctly on the main unit.
• Measurement might be recorded with the wrong time.
• Turn off the power to the unit and unplug the power cord from the electrical
outlet before moving the unit.
• Do not insert or remove the AI pulse wave sensor while measuring AI.
• Damage to the AI pulse wave sensor or pressure air bag might result.
• Do not inflate without wrapping the cuff around the arm.
• Do not use a damaged cuff.
• Do not unplug the electrical connector that connects the pulse wave
measurement unit and the pulse wave sensor unit while measuring.
• The device cannot measure correctly.
• During measurement, do not unplug the connector that connects the AI
measurement to the main unit.
• Measurement will not be possible.
• Do not use a cellular phone or a radio transceiver in the room where this
device is located.
• Malfunction might result.
Omron Healthcare Professional Services 1-877-216-1336

10
Warnings and Precautions
• Do not use other medical devices near this device.
• Malfunction might result.
• Other medical devices might be affected.
• This device might be affected by an electric appliance or microwave apparatus.
Do not use any electronics or microwaves in the vicinity of this device.
• Do not use in extreme meteorological environments, such as unmanaged high
temperature, high humidity, low temperature, and low humidity.
• Malfunction might result.
• Do not use this unit in a vehicle, such as an ambulance.
• Do not use any printer paper other than the printer paper provided by Omron
specifically for this device and model.
• Damage to the printer might result.
• Printed text, waveforms and measurement results may smear or fade.
• Do not pull on paper before printing is complete.
• Damage to the printer might result.
• Use only an Omron designated memory card.
• Using memory cards not designated for use with this device might result in measurement
results or ID information not saving correctly, or might prevent them from being retrieved later.
• Do not drop this device.
Device Maintenance
• Unplug the main unit connector from outlet when not in use for a long period.
• Electric shock or an electric discharge fire due to deterioration of the insulating material
might result.
• Unplug the main connector when installing/removing parts or performing
maintenance.
• Electric shock or injury might result.
• Turn off and unplug the main unit connector to prevent an electric shock when
performing maintenance.
• Do not damage, modify, bend forcefully, pull, twist, or bundle the power cord.
In addition, do not put heavy material on it.
• Failure or damage might result.
Shipping
• This is a high-precision device. Before shipping this device contact Omron
Healthcare Professional Services for shipping instructions.
Omron Healthcare Professional Services 1-877-216-1336

11
Care and Maintenance
■Maintenance prior to use
1. Check this device regularly.
2. When not in use for a long time, ensure that this device functions correctly and
safely before using it.
• Check all cord, cable and tube connections.
• Check that this device functions correctly by checking button functions.
• Check that the time displayed on the device is accurate.
3. Do not install or store this unit in the following conditions:
• In direct sunlight.
• In a location that is dusty or has high air salinity.
• On a sloping or vibrating object that creates impact.
• Where chemicals are stored or combustible gas is generated.
• In high temperature or high humidity.
• Where water, liquid medications or chemicals may be spilled.
Clean using a cloth dampened with water, diluted
rubbing alcohol or diluted mild detergent.
DO NOT use gasoline, thinner, benzene or highly
concentrated alcohol when cleaning this device.
Do not wash or wet the wrist belt.
Wipe with a soft, dry cloth. [Fig. 1]
ART.
INDEX
INDEX
MAX
MAX
Be careful when cleaning the AI pulse wave sensor!
Turn the power on.
Slide the pulse wave sensor into position
as illustrated in [Fig. 2].
Turn the power off.
Wipe the sensor gently with a dry clean
cotton swab or with a moistened cotton
swab dipped in diluted rubbing alcohol.
[Fig. 2]
After cleaning is completed, turn the
power on. Slide the AI pulse wave sensor
back in holder.
NOTE: The sensor may be damaged or scratched
if the power is off when sliding pulse
wave sensor.
PLEASE NOTE
Store this device and the attachments after performing the proper
maintenance and in an orderly way.
Clean the surface of the main unit, the surface of the wrist rest, the
outside of the AI pulse wave measurement unit, the cuff and cables with
the following procedure.
■Do not sterilize
■Maintenance after use
1.
[Fig. 1]
[Fig. 2]
2.

12
Package Contents
ACCESSORIES (Included and Sold Separately)
MAIN UNIT
Air Tube 39 1/3"
Model: HEM-TUBE-100X
Cuff / Bladder Set
(4 sizes - S, M, L and XL)
Main Unit (display unit) AI Pulse Wave Measurement Unit
(Including the AI pulse wave sensor unit)
Power Cord
Model: HEM-9000-ACCA
Printer Paper*
(1 Roll Included)
Sold 5 rolls to a box
Model: HEM-9000-PAPER
Instruction Manual
(Including warranty card)
Memory Card to record
measurements (128 MB)
Connection Cable
Model: HEM-9000-CABLE
Items identified with an asterisk (*) are consumable and not
covered under the warranty.
See additional cuff size information
on Page 10.

13
Accessories
ACCESSORIES (Sold Separately)
•Air Tube (39 1/3" / 51 1/6")
Model: HEM-TUBE-100X/ 130X
•Wheeled Cart
(with basket to place cuff)
Model: HEM-9000-STANDZ
•Printer Paper (5 Roll Set)
Model: HEM-9000-PAPER
•Keyboard
Model: HEM-9000-KEYBOZ
•Memory Card (128MB)
Model: HEM-9000-IC128
Cuff / Bladder Set L
(with bladder)
Model: HEM-907-CL19
Arm circumference: 13-17 inches
Cuff / Bladder Set M
(with bladder)
Model: HEM-907-CR19
Arm circumference: 9-13 inches
Cuff / Bladder Set S
(with bladder)
Model: HEM-907-CS19
Arm circumference: 7-9 inches
Cuff L
(without bladder)
Model: HEM-907-CUFFL
Cuff (four sizes)
Cuff M
(without bladder)
Model: HEM-907-CUFFM
Cuff S
(without bladder)
Model: HEM-907-CUFFS
Bladder L
Model: HEM-907-BLDRL
Bladder (four sizes)
Bladder M
Model: HEM-907-BLDRM
Bladder S
Model: HEM-907-BLDRS
Cuff / Bladder Set XL
(with bladder)
Model: HEM-907-CX19
Arm circumference: 17-20 inches
Bladder XL
Model: HEM-907-BLDRX
Cuff XL
(without bladder)
Model: HEM-907-CUFFX
To purchase accessories or replacement parts call Omron Healthcare Professional Services at 1-877-216-1336

14
Functional Description
Blood pressure measurement is obtained via digital oscillometric method using a blood pressure cuff. An
accompanying AI calculation is made based on several components of the patient’s pulse wave, which is obtained
through applanation tonometry (measures pressure required to indent the artery) using a sensor placed against the
radial artery.
Configuration of Pulse Waves
A pulse wave is a wave in a blood vessel generated when blood is pressurized into the aorta by the
contraction of the heart. The pressure changes within the blood vessels create the wave action, and this is called a
pressure pulse wave. Looking closely at the wave, it consists of two primary elements: ejected wave and reflected wave.
(Refer to Figure 1)
The ejected wave is generated by the contraction of the heart, which sends blood throughout the body. The
reflected wave is generated by the reflection of the ejected wave, after the ejected wave propagates throughout the
body, reflecting from an artery bifurcation or from a peripheral artery. The pattern formed by the superimposition of
these two wave elements is regarded as the pulse wave pattern.
In addition, an incisura (notch) on the back of the reflected wave represents a pressure change caused by
reverse flow as the aortic valve, located at the opening of the aorta, is closed.
Pulse Wave and Blood Pressure
The pulse wave represents a local blood pressure change caused by the passage of blood from the left
ventricle into the aorta, accompanied by the wave action through the artery. Systolic blood pressure is measured
during the period of ventricular contraction, creating a wave. Diastolic blood pressure is measured between periods of
ventricular contraction.
AI is defined as
AI defines an amplitude value ratio of the peak point (P2) at which the reflected wave is overlapped to the
peak point (P1) at which the ejected wave is overlapped. (Refer to Figure 2)
What AI indicates
When a peripheral blood vessel is stiff, the reflected wave becomes larger. When the blood vessels in the
pulse wave propagation path are stiff, the time in which the reflected wave returns becomes shorter. As a result, the
peak of the reflected wave will be near the peak of the ejected wave. Both of these phenomena increase AI. The heart
enhances myocardial contractility to overcome the increased blood pressure. If this lasts for a long time, the heart will
become strained, showing that when the AI is larger, the “load on the heart” is larger.
Introduction to the HEM-9000AI
The pulse wave is represented
by a combination of the“ejected”
and the“reflected”wave.
The Omron Non-Invasive Blood Pressure Monitor with AI, HEM-9000AI, has been
developed for blood pressure measurement and AI calculations.

15
General Preparation
Component Names/Descriptions
Function keys
The material used in the
front of the panel is PMMA

16
General Preparation
Connecting the Main Unit and AI Pulse Wave Measurement Unit
Inserting the Memory Card
Make sure that the power switch is in the OFF
position. [Fig. 1]
Attach the rubber wrist rest to the pulse
wave measurement unit.
Attach the wrist rest so that the side marked
“thumb side” is on the thumb side of the arm
(i.e., the thumb side is on the left side of the
patient when using the patient’s left hand for
measurement and on the patient's right side for
right-hand measurement).
1
3
Insert the air plug of the proper blood pressure
cuff in the air connector on the left side of the
main unit (refer to detailed instructions on
page 22). [Fig. 2]
2
Plug one end of the connection cable (see
page 12 for illustration) into the main
connector on the back of the AI pulse wave
measurement unit. The plug will click and lock
into place. [Fig. 3]
4
Plug the other end of the connection cable into
the AI pulse wave measurement unit connector
on the back of the main unit. [Fig. 4]
5
Insert the memory card into the slot on the
right side of the main unit.
All measurement data will be saved to the
memory card. The measurement results will
not be saved if the memory card is not
properly inserted in or if there is insufficient
memory available on the card.
Note that since the file system takes up 7MB
of memory, the available space on a new card
will be slightly less than the total card memory.
[Fig. 5]
6
r
[Fig. 1]
[Fig. 2]
[Fig. 3]
[Fig. 4]
[Fig. 5]

17
Turning on the power, and checking the time/date
Press the “ | ” end of the power switch at the back of the main unit. [Fig. 6]
(After displaying “Starting up.... Please wait for a moment” for approximately 30
seconds, the measurement screen will appear.) [Fig. 7]
8
Check to be sure the time displayed on the
upper right corner of the screen is correct. If
necessary, see the following page for
instructions on how to set the time or date.
[Fig. 8]
9
General Preparation
[Fig. 6] [Fig. 7]
[Fig. 8]
Plug the female end of the power cord into the back of the main unit. Then plug
the male end of the power cord into a standard 2 pole - 3 conductor - grounded
U.S. electrical outlet.
7

18
General Preparation
Setting the Date and Time
Press the F5 key on a screen where F5
[SETUP] appears at the bottom.
1
[Fig. 1]
The setup screen will be displayed.
Move the [ ] cursor in the upper-left part of
the screen up or down using the [▲▼] buttons
to select "DATE/TIME" from the menu column.
Press the SET button or the [ ] button to
move the cursor to the right.
2
[Fig. 2]
[Fig. 3]

19
General Preparation
Setting the Date and Time
To change the [DATE] under [DATE / TIME]:
Move the [ ] cursor to [DATE] and press the
SET button or the [ ] button. [Fig. 4]
Move the [ ] cursor using the [ ] button to
select the item (month/day/year) under
[SETTING VALUE] to change. [Fig. 5]
Use the [▲▼] buttons to change the setting
value.
[▲▼] These buttons increase and decrease
the values for month, day and year. The year
setting range is from 2005 to 2030.
Press the SET button to accept the selected
values.
The date format can be changed. (Refer to “How
to Change the Clock Settings” on page 66.)
3
[Fig. 4]
Follow these steps to change the [TIME] under
[DATE / TIME]:
Change the time.
Move the [ ] cursor to [TIME] and press the
SET button or the [ ] button. [Fig. 6]
Move the [ ] cursor using the [ ] button or
the [ ] button to select the item
(hour/minute/second) under [SETTING VALUE]
to change. [Fig. 7]
Use the [▲▼] buttons to change the setting
value.
[▲▼] These buttons increase and decrease
the values for hour, minute and second.
Press the SET button to accept the selected values.
The clock will resume as soon as the SET
button is pressed. To accurately set the clock
to the correct time, set it slightly in advance
and press the SET button as soon as the set
time becomes the current time.
Press the F1 [EXIT] key to go back to the
measurement screen.
The time format can be changed. (Refer to
“How to Change the Clock Settings” on page 66.)
4
[Fig. 5]
[Fig. 6]
[Fig. 7]

20
General Preparation
Setting the Blood Pressure/AI Measurement Method and Registering ID Information
Setting the Blood Pressure/AI Measurement Methods
There are three methods for blood pressure measurement: Single, Average - 2 times, and
Average - 3 times.
The default setting is [SINGLE].
To change this setting, follow the instructions on page 59.
When measuring AI, the duration can be set to any of the following: 15 seconds, 30
seconds, 1 minute, or 3 minutes.
The measurement time set here is the duration of the pulse wave sampling. The total time
required for measurement is slightly longer.
The default setting is 30 seconds.
To change this setting, follow the instructions on page 60.
1
Registering the patient’s ID
Register the patient’s ID before beginning measurement to continuously track
trends/transitions in the measurement results.
Follow the procedure outlined on page 51 to register the ID information.
2