Palax C900 User manual

Instruction manual
Palax C900
Powered by tractor
Powered by electric motor
SERIAL NUMBER _______________________
YEAR OF MANUFACTURE _______________________
PALAX
Lahdentie 9
FI-61400 Ylistaro, FINLAND
Tel. +358 6 4745100
www.palax.fi

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CONTENTS
1.1
Foreword ...............................................................................................................................5
1.2
EU Declaration of Conformity.............................................................................................6
1.3
Intended use of the machine ...................................................................................................7
1.4
Warning signs.........................................................................................................................7
1.5
Nameplates...........................................................................................................................9
1.6
The main dimensions and models of the machine.......................................................10
1.7
Safety instructions..............................................................................................................10
1.8
Noise emission and vibration...........................................................................................11
1.9
Responsibilities of the operator .......................................................................................11
1.10
Operating conditions......................................................................................................12
1.11
Terms of warranty...........................................................................................................12
1.12
Operating instructions for the winch............................................................................12
2
Taking delivery and setting up the machine for operation..........................................13
2.1
Lifting the machine.............................................................................................................13
2.2
The transport set-up and unpacking...............................................................................13
2.3
Acceptance inspection......................................................................................................13
2.4
Main parts of the machine, Fig 1.....................................................................................13
2.5
Bringing the table extension into the work position, Fig. 2..........................................14
2.6
Bringing the conveyor into the work position, Figs. 3 and 4........................................14
2.7
Bringing the conveyor into the work position, Fig. 5.....................................................15
2.8
Adjusting the cutting length, Fig. 6..................................................................................16
3
Operation of the firewood processor powered by different power sources .............16
3.1
Testing the machine..........................................................................................................16
3.2
Powered by a tractor.........................................................................................................16
3.3
Suitable revolutions range for the PTO shaft ................................................................16
3.4
Disengagement lever for transmission, Fig. 7...............................................................17
3.5
Required measures in an emergency situation.............................................................17
3.6
Starting under cold conditions (machine powered by a tractor).................................17
3.7
Electric drive, start and emergency stop........................................................................17
3.8
Starting the electric motor using the Y/D starter, Fig. 8...............................................18
3.9
Emergency stopping of an electrically powered machine, Fig. 8.............................19
3.10
The machine is equipped with a system to prevent simultaneous operation in two
modes, Fig. 9................................................................................................................................19
3.11
Operation under cold conditions ..................................................................................19
3.12
Electric heater for oil tank..............................................................................................20
4
Full-hydraulic control.........................................................................................................20
4.1
Mastering the safety devices............................................................................................20
4.2
Joystick-valve, Fig. 10.......................................................................................................20
4.3
Other hydraulic operating controls, Fig. 11....................................................................21
5
Use of the firewood processor, crosscut operation .....................................................23
5.1
Operating the crosscut saw, before the operation........................................................23
5.2
During the operation..........................................................................................................23

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5.3
Cutting to equal length and feeding into the splitting chute ........................................23
5.4
Feeding the last log for splitting.......................................................................................24
6
Disturbances during crosscut operation and their remedy.........................................24
6.1
Crooked trees.....................................................................................................................24
6.2
Big trees...............................................................................................................................24
6.3
Cutting of small trees without splitting............................................................................24
7
Disturbances during the splitting operation and their remedy....................................25
7.1
Stuck wood..........................................................................................................................25
7.2
Re-splitting the logs safely................................................................................................25
7.3
If the log has fallen into the splitting chute in a wrong position ..................................25
8
Accessories for the firewood processor.........................................................................26
8.1
Splitting cylinder.................................................................................................................26
8.2
Automatic high-speed valve.............................................................................................26
8.3
Splitting wedges.................................................................................................................26
9
Maintenance of the machine...........................................................................................27
9.1
Removal and change of the crosscut blade, Figs. 13 and 14.....................................27
9.2
Tightening the V-belts .......................................................................................................28
9.3
Replacement of the V-belts, centre shaft / saw-blade shaft........................................28
9.4
Sharpening the blade, hard-metal blade........................................................................28
9.5
Setting the saw-blade, hard-metal blade........................................................................28
9.6
Spare blade.........................................................................................................................28
9.7
Replacement of V-belts, angular gear /centre shaft.....................................................28
9.8
Tightening the in-feed conveyor belt, Figs. 18 and 19.................................................29
9.9
Replacing the in-feed conveyor belt................................................................................30
9.10
Direction of rotation of the belt......................................................................................30
9.11
Changing the oil in the angular gear............................................................................30
9.12
Change of the hydraulic oil............................................................................................31
9.13
Lubricating the machine: refer to the Maintenance Schedule.................................31
9.14
Servicing the main valve, Fig. 26.................................................................................32
9.15
Structure of the detent end and the correct order of the parts, Fig. 27..................33
9.16
Tightening and lubrication of the conveyor chain......................................................33
9.17
Cleaning the conveyor...................................................................................................33
9.18
Washing the machine ....................................................................................................33
9.19
Storing the machine.......................................................................................................33
10
Maintenance schedule .....................................................................................................34
11
Malfunctions and their remedy........................................................................................35
12
Electric diagrams...............................................................................................................36

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1.
BASIC SPECIFICATIONS AND RESPONSIBILITIES
1.1 Foreword
This Instruction Manual is intended for a professional operator of the machine. The opera-
tor must have usual general knowledge and skills. For example, the buyer of a tractor-
powered machine is expected to master the use of PTO shaft transmission.
Before the installation and operation, the operator of the machine must become thoroughly
familiar with the contents of the manual. The operator is also obliged to gain familiarity with
the operating controls of the machine and the emergency stop mechanism. For more infor-
mation about our products, please visit our website at www.palax.fi.
NOTE ! Keep this manual with the machine at all times.

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1.2 EU Declaration of Conformity
Directive 2006/42/EC
Manufacturer: Ylistaron Terästakomo Oy
www.palax.fi
Lahdentie 9
FI-61400 Ylistaro
Finland
+358 6 474 5100
Product: Palax C900
a firewood processor with 4,3-m discharge conveyor
Powered by: Tractor PTO or electric motor
Models: TR Powered by tractor equipped with own hydraulic system
TR/SM Powered either by tractor or electric motor
Serial number of the machine: ________________________
We hereby certify that the machine meets the requirements of the Government Decree
12.6.2008/400 on safety of machinery through which the Machine Directive 2006/42/EC
has been put into effect, and that during the manufacturing process the following harmo-
nized standards have been applied.
SFS-HANDBOOK 93-series, SFS-EN 349-1+A1, SFS-EN 609-1+A1, SFS-EN 618,
SFS-EN 620, SFS-EN 847-1+A1, SFS-EN 847-2+A1, SFS-EN 847-3, SFS-EN
953+A1, SFS-EN 954-1, SFS-EN 982+A1, SFS-EN 1870-3+A1, SFS-EN 4254-1,
SFS-EN 11684, SFS-EN 12100-1+A1, SFS-EN 12100-2, SFS-EN 13850, SFS-EN
13857, SFS-EN 14121-1, ISO/TR 14121-2, SFS-EN 60204-1+A1.
Notified body No. : Spitzenverband der landwirtschaftichen Sozialversi-
cherung Prüf- und Zertifizierungsstelle
Weißensteinstraße 70/72
D-34131 Kassel
Ylistaron Terästakomo Oy
15.4.2016
Pekka Himanka
Managing Director

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1.3 Intended use of the machine
This firewood processor with conveyor is intended to be used for production of firewood
from round timber. Use of the machine for any other purposes is prohibited.
Maximum size of the wood:
For cutting, the maximum diameter of the tree is about 37 cm.
The maximum length of the log is 4-5 m.
When handling long trees, we recommend using a specific log-lifting deck with rollers or
hydraulic feed.
1.4 Warning signs

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Read the instruction manual: Do not wear loosely hanging clothes: Use eye guards and hear-
ing protectors: Wear safety shoes: wear work gloves
Lifting point of the ma-
chine
The protective net for the splitting chute cannot be opened un-
less the crosscut saw-blade is in its upper position
Lubrication point
Emergency stop
(SM)
Direction of rotation of the blade/PTO
shaft
Interrupting the splitting
Launch of splitting.
Safe dis-
tance from
the conveyor
Revolutions range of the
PTO shaft
Lifting point of the
machine
Beware of PTO
shaft
Read the User Man-
ual for the machine

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The legend for the pictorials, presenting the machine’s various control operations, will be
explained in greater detail in chapter 4.
1.5 Nameplates
Nameplate on the machine:
Name and address of the manufacturer.
Mark showing type of machine.
Total weight of the machine
Diameter of the crosscut blade 900 mm, hole 40 mm.
The highest permitted rotational speed 1400 r.p.m
Max. hydraulic pressure 210 bar
Serial number and year of manufacture
Nameplate is at the end of the machine
Nameplates on the electric drive:
3-phase motor
Voltage 230/400 V or 400/600 V, may vary depending on the country.
Beware of rotating blade
Stay away from
moving parts of the
machine
Disconnect the
machine from
the electric sup-
ply before taking
to any service
measures
The machine may
only be operated by
one person
Stopping the func-
tions of the machine
by slackening the V-
belts
Reversing the in-
feed conveyor
Sawing
Feeding with
the in-feed
conveyor
Take care that the log is not in an upright position when be-
ing fed for splitting
Adjustment of cutting length

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Output 15 kW
1.6 The main dimensions and models of the machine
Models C900
DRIVING POWER TR TR/SM
Weight 1,450 kg 1,550 kg
Height/width/length Transport position 2.55 m / 1.4 m / 2.83 m
In-feed conveyor Length 2.2 m Height 0.9 m
Diameter of blade/hole
900 mm/ 40 mm
Max. rotation speed of
blade 1,400 r.p.m.
Max. diameter of the
log Max. cutting diameter of the log 37 cm
Max./min. length of
the log At splitting, max.diameter of the log 55 cm, min. length of the
log 25 cm
The 4.3 m firewood conveyor is included in the weight.
A machine powered by electricity must be equipped with a fuse of at least 25 A. How-
ever, using a fuse of 32 A or more is recommended.
1.7 Safety instructions
General regulations and restrictions
The maximum length of the log to be cut is 4 metres. Danger of turning over! If no log-
stand or log-deck is used.
The machine is exclusively intended for the production of firewood.
The machine may only be operated by one person.
The machine must be equipped with additional lights for transportation on public roads.
The danger zone around the conveyor is 5 metres to the sides and to the rear.
Lift and lock the in-feed deck and the discharge conveyor in the transport position for
transportation.
The three-point linkage of the tractor is of size-category two. If using a tractor larger in
size, check that there is sufficiently space for the PTO shaft and its protective guard.
Only persons over 18 years of age are allowed to operate this machine.
Never remove any safety-related devices from the machine.
The width of the machine equipped with the 4,3-m conveyor is about 2.83 m. This means
that, depending on the size of the tractor, the transport width of the conveyor may extend
outside the rear wheel on the right-hand side.
The frame of the electrically powered machine is earthed.
The operator
Every person operating the machine, must thoroughly study the entire user manual.
Always use eye guards and hearing protectors.
Always wear protective shoes.
Always wear work gloves.
Do not wear loosely-fitting clothing.

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Before use
Always carry out the required preparations on both the machine and the conveyor be-
fore starting the operation.
Make sure that all other people stay outside the operating range.
Only use a fault-free PTO shaft and attach the chain for the shaft-guard. The permissible
revolutions range of the PTO shaft is 450–480 r.p.m.
Only operate the machine on a sufficiently firm and level surface.
Only operate the machine in an adequately lit space.
Keep the tractor-powered machine connected to the three-point linkage. Also ensure that
sufficient space is provided for the PTO shaft and its guard.
Always check that all the covers are intact and properly fastened.
Always check that the crosscut saw-blade is intact.
Always ensure that the electric conductors are intact.
Always check that all the controls are operational.
Always check the oil level and make sure that the hydraulic hoses and components are
free of damage.
Before starting the work, make sure that the machine is firmly in position.
During operation
Carelessness during the cut-off operation constitutes a major hazard!
During the cut-off operation, make sure that the tree at the cutting point always leans
against the support roller of the crosscut deck and the in-feed roller: danger of rolling
over!
Exercise particular caution when cutting knotty or crooked logs, because, as a result of
faulty cutting, the log might roll over or twist the saw-blade with enough force to break it.
Keep the working space clean and clear of foreign objects.
Always stop the machine and disconnect the power supply cable or the PTO shaft be-
fore servicing.
Only cut one log at a time.
Danger! Stay away from moving parts.
1.8 Noise emission and vibration
Equivalent continuous A-weighted sound-pressure level at the workstation is 87.5 dB (A)
and the sound power level is 102,0 dB (A). The vibration emission values do not exceed
2.5 m/s2.
1.9 Responsibilities of the operator
The machine may only be used to produce firewood.
All the safety-related devices are necessary to ensure a sufficient level of safety.
The C900 is a very safe machine provided that the instructions supplied are properly
followed, the regular maintenance routines are duly executed and the work is carried
out without haste.
It is the responsibility of the operator to ensure before the work is started that all the
safety-related devices are in perfect order and the machine has been serviced in a due
manner.
The operator is responsible for ensuring that no one else is subjected to any danger.
Modifying the construction of the machine is prohibited.
The machine must never be operated under the influence of alcohol or drugs.

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Remember that as the operator you are responsible for any injuries caused if safety-
related devices have been removed from the machine.
1.10 Operating conditions
Always place the machine on as level a surface as possible.
Prevent risks, such as slipping in winter, by organising the work site in a due manner.
Otherwise the weather conditions do not set any restrictions on the operation. When
starting the machine in severe frost, allow it to idle at about 1/4 of the maximum speed
for about 5 to 10 minutes.
Only operate the machine in an adequately lit space.
It is recommended that a suitable stand be purchased or made that enables the trees
to be processed where the logs are ready at the level of the in-feed deck. Hence, un-
necessary lifting may be avoided and the work can proceed much faster. We recom-
mend using either the Palax Mega log-deck or the Palax Log log-stand.
The most suitable temperature range for operation is approximately - 20 to +30 de-
grees Centigrade. Otherwise, the weather conditions do not set any restrictions on the
operation.
Make sure that no other people, especially children, are present inside the operating
range.
Never use the machine indoors, owing to the risk of dust generation or the danger of
exhaust gases.
1.11 Terms of warranty
The warranty period runs for 12 months from the date of purchase.
The warranty covers:
Parts which have been damaged during normal operation of the machine due to any
defects in material or workmanship.
The reasonable repair cost as set forth in the agreement between the buyer and the
manufacturer.
A new part is delivered as a replacement for the defective one.
The warranty does not cover:
Defects due to normal wear, faulty operation or negligent maintenance.
The crosscut saw-blade, the in-feed belt, the V-belts and oils.
Defects in the machine due to any modifications which the buyer has made or ordered
from a third party and which have affected the machine in such a way that it can no
longer be considered to correspond to its original configuration.
Other possible expenses or financial claims due to the above-mentioned
measures.
Indirect expenses and/or travel costs incurred while making repairs under warranty.
For parts changed during the warranty period, the warranty expires at the same time as
the warranty period of the machine.
Consult your dealer about matters related to the warranty.
1.12 Operating instructions for the winch
Please refer to the user manual of the winch or visit our website at www.palax.fi for more
detailed operating instructions for the winch.

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2 TAKING DELIVERY AND SETTING UP THE MACHINE FOR
OPERATION
2.1 Lifting the machine
The machine can be lifted with a forklift truck from both sides. The places for the lifting
forks are marked with decals. There is also a lug for lifting the machine on the upper part
of the machine frame.
2.2 The transport set-up and unpacking
The machine is delivered almost ready assembled and with the conveyor attached.
In order to avoid damage during transportation, the machine is delivered partly disman-
tled so that all the protruding levers and the hitching parts of a tractor-powered ma-
chine and part of the protective covers have been removed and packed separately.
The extension table for the in-feed conveyor and the loading conveyor are in the
transport position.
The angular gear is filled with transmission oil.
2.3 Acceptance inspection
Check the delivered goods without delay.
If the product shows transport damage, contact the transport company and your dealer
immediately.
Fig. 1
2.4 Main parts of the machine, Fig 1
1. In-feed conveyor
2. Oil tank
3. Saw-blade cover
4. Lifting lug
5. Splitting chute cover
6. Discharge conveyor

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7. Splitting chute
8. Operating panel
9. Hydraulic connectors for log-table
2.5 Bringing the table extension into the work position, Fig. 2
1. Disconnect the rubber strap A.
2. Pull open the locking lever B.
3. Swing the conveyor down and place the leg into the opening C in the frame. Re-con-
nect the rubber strap.
Fig. 2
2.6 Bringing the conveyor into the work position, Figs. 3 and 4
1. Remove the locking pins A for the conveyor, Fig. 3 and 4
2. Release the locks B.
3. Unwind the winch wire a few rounds.
4. Pull out the conveyor and leave it supported by the winch rope.
5. Lower the conveyor to the ground using the winch.
6. Pull open lock A, Fig. 5
7. Swing down the top of the conveyor.
8. Remove support bar B for the conveyor chain (Fig. 5) and place it in the holes at the
edge of the conveyor.
9. Put the splints back in place.

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WARNING! Always hold by the winch handle as you lower the conveyor.
2.7 Bringing the conveyor into the work position, Fig. 5
1. Lower the conveyor to the ground and connect the support bar B for the conveyor
chain (Fig. 5).
2. Pull lock A (Fig. 5) open and lift up the conveyor top.
3. Ensure that lock A is properly locked.
4. Raise the conveyor using the winch.
5. Tighten the winch wire lightly in order to prevent it uncoiling from the spool.
6. Lock the conveyor to the transport support using the lock, the chain and the pin.
Fig. 5 Fig. 6

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2.8 Adjusting the cutting length, Fig. 6
The machine is equipped with a special Palax Optimi cutting length adjuster, which ad-
justs the stroke length of the splitting cylinder in accordance with the desired cutting
length.
Adjust the cutting length using the control lever (OPTIMI, Fig.11) and the scale on the
machine’s frame (Fig. 6).
As the crosscut blade lowers, the log-stop automatically turns away from the log, allow-
ing it to fall down freely.
The log-stop is equipped with one shear-pin.
The shear-pin is intended for protecting the log-stop structure against damage that may
occur if a tree of excess length ends up in the splitting chute and the pusher pushes it
to a vertical position against the log-stop.
Bolt size M6 x 50, partial thread, strength class 8.8, M6 Nyloc nut.
3 OPERATION OF THE FIREWOOD PROCESSOR POWERED BY
DIFFERENT POWER SOURCES
3.1 Testing the machine
When starting the machine in severe frost, allow it first to idle at low speed for about 5
minutes; this warms up the oil.
While the motor is running, check that the hydraulic system and the controls for shut-
ting off are operational.
Test that the safety limit switches are operating when the cover is opened. Once the
cover is open, the hydraulic valves cannot be operated with the exception of the fire-
wood conveyor.
If you observe even a minor malfunction in the operation of the machine, find out the
cause and repair it!
The machine must always be tested before starting its use.
NOTE ! Stop the machine and disengage the power take-off of the tractor or
disconnect the power cord from the socket to locate and repair a possible fault in
the machine!
3.2 Powered by a tractor
The PTO shaft must be able to transmit an output of about 26 kW: for example,
BONDIOLI 143, WALTERSCHEID W 2300 or EGT40.
No safety clutch is required for the PTO shaft.
Only use fault-free PTO shafts and always attach the chains for the shaft-guard to the
machine.
When you disconnect the PTO shaft from the tractor, hang it on the hook on the ma-
chine.
The suitable range of speeds for the PTO shaft is from min. 450 to max. 480 r.p.m.
3.3 Suitable revolutions range for the PTO shaft
The recommended rotation speed for the PTO shaft is about 470 r.p.m.

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If the angular gear revolutions and the cutting speed of the crosscut blade are suffi-
cient, less load will be subjected to the transmission.
3.4 Disengagement lever for transmission, Fig. 7
The machine is equipped with a special device for disengaging the transmission be-
tween the angular gear and the machine to make the hydraulic pumps and the crosscut
saw-blade stop.
In the event of emergency, pull the lever A downward. Thus will the lock-up bolt B lock
the lever and the V-belts will remain slack.
Fig. 7
NOTE ! Only use the lever in an emergency, because the V-belts, which slightly
chafe the angle-drive pulley, may wear too quickly.
3.5 Required measures in an emergency situation
If the switch has been used in an emergency situation, e.g. when a log has stuck in the cir-
cular saw-blade as a result of a mistake during the sawing, immediately also switch off the
power take-off transmission of the tractor (tractor-powered machine), because the pulley of
the angle drive can wear down the V-belts unnecessarily.
NOTE! Release the disengagement lever for the transmission before restart-
ing the machine.
3.6 Starting under cold conditions (machine powered by a tractor)
When starting the machine in severe frost, allow it first to idle at low speed for about 5
minutes; this warms up the oil.
Warming up the oil reduces wear on the hydraulic system significantly and prevents
damage.
3.7 Electric drive, start and emergency stop.
The output of the motor is 15 kW and its speed is 1,480 rpm.
The machine is equipped with an automatic Y-D starter with an emergency stop fea-
ture.
All the electric installations have been made ready.
The cross-section of the extension cord required for a tension of 400 V must be 6 mm2.

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When starting up the machine, check that the direction of rotation corresponds to the
arrow on the blade cover.
To check the direction of rotation, run the motor for a short while and then stop it sud-
denly.
The direction of rotation is reversed using the phase-switch in the appliance inlet.
The machine may only be connected to a power supply equipped with a fault current
switch of 30 mA.
The machine must be equipped with a 5-pole extension cord (L1, L2, L3, N ja PE) to
operate.
NOTE ! Electric work may only be carried out by a professional person.
3.8 Starting the electric motor using the Y/D starter, Fig. 8
Press the start button A. In the Y-position the motor starts rotating at slow speed with
low output. The start phase takes several tens of seconds.
As the engine speed increases, the D-position is automatically switched on and the
motor quickly reaches full speed.
At the same time, the signal light B between the pushbottons illuminates.
Stop the engine using the pushbutton C.
Fig. 8
NOTE !
The machine must not be operated until the motor is running at full
speed.

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3.9 Emergency stopping of an electrically powered machine, Fig. 8
Push down the emergency stop button D.
Turn the pushbutton clockwise to release it.
3.10 The machine is equipped with a system to prevent simultaneous op-
eration in two modes, Fig. 9
When the cover plate Bis turned down, it is possible to connect the extension cord.
When the cover is raised up, it is possible to connect the PTO shaft.
Suspension hook Afor the PTO shaft.
Fig. 9
WARNING! Never remove from the machine the plate that prevents the simultane-
ous operation in two modes.
Always remove the PTO shaft before operating the machine by electricity.
3.11 Operation under cold conditions
When an electrically powered machine is operated in a temperature below -10 degrees
Centigrade, we recommend using less viscous hydraulic oil, such as ISO VG22S multi-
grade oil or synthetic hydraulic fluid, because a machine with electric drive takes full revo-
lutions right from the start of operation.
In cold weather, it pays to reduce the speed of the discharge conveyor to a minimum. Do-
ing it this way requires the least power at the start-up stage.
It also pays to pull down the disengagement lever for the transmission for a cold start.
Then only the angular gear will start running and the gearbox oil will warm up. After this,
stop the machine, release the disengagement lever for the transmission and restart the
machine.

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NOTE !The protective net for the splitting chute shall be closed during start-up of
the electric motor.
3.12 Electric heater for oil tank
A 300 W electric heater carpet with adhesive tape attachment and a thermostat is availa-
ble as an option for the hydraulic oil tank. The starter comes as standard equipped with an
operating switch for the heater, Fig 8 E. Heating the oil for 1-2 hours is sufficient to enable
smooth starting.
The size of the heater carpet is 200 x 300 mm
Output 300 W
Equipped with a thermostat
Strongly adherent glue for attachment of the carpet
NOTE! Only a skilled craftsman is allowed to carry out electrical work for the
heater.
4 FULL-HYDRAULIC CONTROL
Crosscutting, automatic starting of the splitting and operation of the in-feed conveyor are
effortlessly controlled using the fully hydraulic joystick-valve.
4.1 Mastering the safety devices
While the protective net for the splitting chute is closed, access is prevented to the operat-
ing area of the crosscut saw-blade and the pusher. As the protective net for the splitting
chute is opened, the crosscut saw-blade cover is activated and the operation of the cross-
cut saw-blade, the pusher, the wood length adjuster (Palax Optimi) and the adjustment of
the splitting wedge are impeded.
4.2 Joystick-valve, Fig. 10
Push the joystick forward and move it in direction B - D; the conveyor feeds the log
against the log-stop.
Push the joystick forward and move it in direction B - C; the conveyor reverses.
Pull the joystick back in direction A; the saw-blade comes down and cuts through the
wood.
Push the joystick forward in direction B; the crosscut blade comes up and, at the same
time, launches the splitting.
Table of contents