Panasonic RL-H1000 User manual

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INTRODUCTION The PanasonicHHC™ is a revolutionarydevelopmentthatscientistsdid notexpect
for many years-an inexpensive personal computer that can literally be held in
your hand!
THINGS YOU CAN DO WITH
THEHHC
Your Panasonic HHC was designed to perform some spectacular tasks for you
without your having to become a computer expert.
Aself-instructing,multiple-choice menu system givesquick and easyaccessto all
programs. A self-defining system of function keys helps you to adapt the HHC to
your individual needs and routines. And a re-assignable keyboard allows you to
master sophisticated programs easily and rapidly.
Moreover, the HHC is the first portable unit designed with a complete
'' bus''. This
gives virtually unlimited expandability and interchangeability of peripheral
devices.
The key word for your HHC is POTENTIAL. With present and future devices and
software programs,you will be able to:
..,. Use your home TV screen as a display un it . ..
..,. Have a p ri nt-out of materi al gene ra t ed by your Hand Held Computer . . .
..,. Use y ou r tel ep hone to connect your HHC to r eg ional and national co pu e
atio g e e si e li e
..,. Expand your computer's memory with attachments th at contain added mem ory
storage . ..
..,. Have an electronic teacher for speed readi ng , spelli ng , vocabulary bu il ding,
computer programming, memory improvement, etc
...
..,. Have a programmable scientific calculator . . .
..,. Perform word processing and advanced editing and filing . ..
..,. Have guides for tax information, diet programs, etc . . .
..,. Challenge an electronic opponent to chess, checkers, and other games .. .
..,. Develop your own library of HHC capsule programs to perform an unlimited
number of individual applications .
..
..,. Have access to both BASIC and SNAP computer languages so that you can
create your own computer programs .
..
The compact HHC Primary Unit opens the doorto all these potentials and more;
with the Primary Unit alone, you can:
..,. Store addresses and phone numbers, instructions, notes, business or scientific
definitions,technical tables, formulas,calorie counters, personal records,
prices, recipes, tax and finance
records-or whatever you want to keep and
recall in seconds . . .
..,. Use a Clock/Controllerto keep your schedule for days,weeks, or even years in
advance-and to remind you as your appointments fall due .. .
(The calendar is available from Jan. 1,1980 to Dec.
31 ,2068).
..,. Have a pocket Calculator with all arithmetic functions, a percent key,and a
memory . . .
These are just a sampling of what you can do with your HHC.

CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION .
..... .. .......... . ...... .. .... . ........... ....... .. 1
THINGS YOU CAN DO WITHTHE HHC . ............ . ... . ..... .. ... . .. 1
SOME SPECIAL FEATURES OF THEHHC ...... .. ..... .... ... ..... .. 3
BEGINNINGFROM "COLOSTART" ..
............................... 4
USING
THE HHCPRIMARY UNIT
MENUS
THE
CALCULATOR
THE CLOCK/CONTROLLER
FILE SYSTEM
The Instrument Itself . .. .. .. . . . 5
The Keyboard .. . .. . . .. .. .•. . . 7
ON and
OF F Keys . .. . .. .. .. . 7
The CLEAR Key .. . .. . .. . .. . . 8
The 110 Key . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . B
RIGHT and LEFT Keys .. . .. . . 9
UPandDOWNKeys ..... .... 10
The ROTATEKey .. ..... ..... 10
The LOCK K ey .... .. . ... . ... 10
The
SHIFT Key . .... ... .. . ... 10
STP
/SPD Key and Displ ay
Mod es .... .. ..... .. . .... .. 11
Definition and Explanation .. . 17
Definition and Exp l anat i on .... 19
The Percent Key ..... ....... . . 21
Defini tion and Explanation . ... 23
The Clock/Controller Menu ... 24
The Time .. . .......... .. ...... 24
Setting the Time .............. 25
Definition and Exp l anation .. . . 29
Current Memory . . ..... . ... .. . 29
File System Menu .... ... ......30
Creating a Fi le . ............... 31
Making Corrections . ... ... ... 33
Insertions . .. . .. . .. . ... ...... 33
Deletions. . ..... .. .. ..... . ... 35
Memory Capacity
.. . ... . .. ... 37
RUN SNAP PROGRAMS......... ... ..... .... ... . . ..... . . .. • ....... 45
BEYOND THE PRIMARY UNIT
WITH THE 1/0 KEY
Capsules ................. .... 46
Peripherals and the 1/0
Adaptor ... ........... .. .... 46
TV Adaptor .. ................. 47
WHEN THINGS GO WRONG ... . . ................ ............. . .. .. 52
OPERATING PRECAUTIONS
.... .. .... .. .......................... 54
SPECIFICATIONS
... ................... ..... . . ........ .. .... . .... 54
GLOSSARY ............................................. . ... . .... 55
The DEL ET E Key . . .. ..... .. . 12
The HELPKey . .. . .. . ...... . 12
TheSEARCH
Key .... .... ... 12
The INSERT Key ...... . .. . .. 13
The ENTER K ey .. ... .. . ... .. 13
fl. 12. 13 Keys . . .. ............ 13
TheSECONDSHI
FT Key .. .. . 15
C1 . C2 ,C3, C4 Keys .. .... .. . 15
NUMERICKeys
............. 16
ALPHABETand
PUNCTUATION Keys
..... . 16
The Primary Menu ...... ... ... 18
Calculator Memory .. ......... 2.2
Setting the Alarm ....... ...... 26
Reviewing
the Schedule ....... 27
Acknowledg i ng Alar ms ....... 28
Reviewing a File ...... . ....... 38
Searchi ng a File .............. 40
Copying a File ........... '. .... 41
Summary of Editing
Commands ................. 42
Acoustic Modem ............. 47
Micro Printer .... . ... . ........ 47
Programmable Memory ....... 48
The 1/0 Key and Menu . .... ... 48

D SHI FT
D
[J
D
FUHC nONKE Y
SE
CO ND SHIFT
CAL CULATOR MODE
CA LCULATOROR
SECOND SH IFT
COLOR-KEYED DIAGRAM (1)
.. .. ... o .... o
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H
", l·t -~ · 1 UF l D r ·t ·· ~r· '"'! Tt:;; ·
J ,.. . _ t ,_ _ _.. •• o..; 1r.... ..
CO L OR- KEYED DIAGRAM ( 2)
;-; .:· iN[: ;
,,. ..
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SO ME SPECIAL FEATURES ~ Easy-to-use keyboard with upperand lowercase cha racters.
OFTHE HHC ~ HELP key givesdirections f or us e of function keys, witho ut distu rb ing a ny
pr ogramyou may be carryingout.
~ SEARCH key locatesinformation with only a fewkeystrokes.
~ Informationis presentedat user-selected speeds.
~ HHCturnsitself off aftera fewminu tes of inactivity.but 11 "remembers" your last
action andcontinues
where you left off the ne xt time you use the HHC.
~ Battery li fe is extendedbyagroup of new hardwaretechni ques that dynam ically
regulateand conserve
po we r usage.
~ Modulardesign allowsvirtually un limited expandabilityand any com bi nat i on of
peripheraldevices.
~ SNAP -a newprogramming language and operating system-saves memory
space, executes atextremely high speed, and can be added to by a ny
programmer. Including you.
~ HHC is designed for both existing and fu tur e hardware and soft ware.
BEGINNING FROM Before using your HHC for thefirst time, you will have to engage the rechargeable
"C OLDSTART" nickel-cadmium ba tteries. wh ic h have been disconnected during storage and
shi
pp ing. Locate th e recessedswitch,markedALL-OFF, on the bottom of the unit;
and insert a pencil
or screwdriver, as shown in th e illustration at left . Fl ip this
two-position switch from OFF toON. It is highly recommended for you to use the
AC Adaptor when you start using yourHHC, because the rechargeable
batteries
mighthavebeen discharged forlong storage in thewarehouses or on the store
shelves.
Note that thisIs
no t the sameas turning t he unit off and on w ith the keys on the
keyboard. In the lattercase,the HHCretainsi
ts Internal M emory . the Cloc k/
Controller
date and any program inprogress. Wh en the switch on the bottom is
turned
off , however, all memory is erased because all power is removed.
Therefore, nev
er turn the unit off with theALL-OFFswitch on the backunless you
plan to store the HHC for an extended
pe ri od , or as a troubl e-s hooting tactic ( see
the section on WH EN THINGS GO WRONG).
Wheny
ou press• followed •thewordRESTARTappearsin the Display .
Press tobeginoperation
of the HHC. If RESTARTappearsat any timeother
tha n after a cold start. check the time and reviewalarms in the Cl ock/ Controller
and check File System files inInternalMemory: they
may have been inadvertently
disturbed.

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USING TH E HHC PRIM ARY UNIT
On the othe rhand, if RESTART does not app ear when you firstturn on the unit from
a cold start.
or ifthemessage BAT LOW appearswitha beep fora few seconds and
then goes away. or if there is nothingintheDisplay -then your batteries need to be
recharged by using the AC Adaptor wh ichplugsintothe round jac k on the right side
of the HHC .Take care to see thatthe AC Adaptor has sufi1C1ent ventilation so that it
does not overheat.
Be sure to set the AC Adaptor lor thecorrect voltage (120 or 220) . to avoid ser i ous
battery damage .
Also note that you should use the AC Adaptor whenever possible - keeping the
batteries fullychargedfor portable use of the HHC . even wh en the ALL-OFF switch
is in the OFF position.
If BAT L OW appears in the Displaythe batteries need to be recharged, or you
should use the ALL - OFF switch on t he back of the unit to turn the HHC oil ,even
though this means thatyou will lose some data .Otherwise. your batteries could
disch
arge permanently.
Th e Ins t ru ment Itself Le t's take alook at your HHC.Firstthe back side: behind the removable door are
three sockets lor HHCcapsule programs.
ICIOal
vlew•ng
angle
Now . use thepage with the color -keyeddiagram of thecomputerto locate features
as they are discussedin theremainder of this manual.
At thetopofthefrontor the HHC isthe" w indow" that is the Display area-a liquid
crys tal disp l ay (LCD) th at can hold up to 26 character s plus graphic patterns.
T he Displ ay has been designed so that it can be read easily when the HHC is l ying
flat. as on a desk .TheIllustration at left shows theideal viewing angle . Experiment
until y ou li nd the best angle for your own operations .
Immediately
below the D1sptay are eight · 'i nd icators··. Use the table below to lind
the meamng ifa " Bhp " (small triangle) is on above one of these ind1cator words
(Note: theleftmost Bhp is used to mean different thi ngs by different HHC capsule
programs :consult your capsuleprogram manuals to learn 11 this Blip has a
sign i ficance for thecapsuleprogram you are us ing):
SHIFT- The HHC isinthe Shift Mode (refertothe SHIFT key described below).
LOCK-Some function has been loc ked with the LOCK k ey (describe d below) .
2ND SFT -The HHC is in the Second-Shift Mode (desc ribed below).
DELETE-
The HHC is in the Del ete M ode (described be l ow) .
INSE
RT - The HHC Is in the Insert M ode (describedbelow).
ALARM- The Cl
oc k /Con tr oller has a message for you (described inthe section
on the Clock/Controller).
ON-
LI NE -When the HHC is be i ng used with a Modem periphera l as a terminal
to anotherco mputer , this Bl ip indicates that you are properly
receivingthe carrier tone from the remote computer .

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The Keyboard The large st feature oftheHHC is the KEYBOARD of 65 keys, which is your means
forgiving instructions tothe computer. The keyboard is UNLIKE a typewriter
keyboard in that the HHC keyscan perform d
iff erent functions in different
programs. The following descriptions aregenerally applicable. but do
no tcover
every possibility.
Acomputercan do so many tasks that one keyboard is not
suff icient. Therefore,
HHC keydefinitionsarechanged for some programs, and entirely different
keyboardsmay be substituted (by overlays) foro
th er programs.
Most
of the keys are auto-repeat keys; theyrepeat their actions over and over if
held down f
or more than about one second.
Mostof the keys are alphanumeric (character) keys, but
we will beginwith
descriptionsof the "function" key
s-that is. keys that perform ac ti ons.
ON and OFF Keys Attheupper-right is the• ,justabove the - . Incaseyou forgettoturn the HHC
off ,theunitautomaticallyturnsitse lf off aft er abouttenminutesofinactivity, go i ng
intoapowe r- saving mode. thatstarts
be sure to
If there are peripheralsconnected to the HHC, the OFF key turns them off al so ,
eliminating their power consumption.
Nothing is lostorforgottenwhile the HHCisinthe ·•
off " (power-saving) mode; any
program that was in progress "freezes" and continues when the ON key is
pressed.
The CLEAR Key Justbelow the
IB and the key is theCLEAR key.
Ifyouareinthemiddleofaprogram,press once to go backtothe beginning
ofthat program.
If you arealready at the beginning of aprogram, pressi ng
once will returnyou tothe PRIMARY MENU (described on page1 8) . In all cases,
pressing + E
tw ice returnsyou to the Primary Menu.
The
110 Key Atthetopof the next row is the Input-Output key (110).
Press • and
any current program will beinterrupted to presenta listing of all
presentlyconnected attachments (peripherals), the slot numberswhere the
perip
he rals areattached, and their status (ON or OFF).

9
10
RIGHTandLEFTKeys
____ ..._ ..... ...
-·- . ... __ ., .. _ .... _ .. ..
----·- ... ·~--- ..... .-
--·--·-· -· .. "'--- -
- ........ - ---- - ·· ~ - - ...
. ------· .. - -- -
___ __ .. ____ ~-·---- ..
-------- ----
·--- ...... _
----· ------- -.-
- .. ---·---- -- ---
.. --·- .. -- ....... _ __ ... _
- --
Also listedare the locations ofattac he d Programmable Memoryperipherals with
the number of free characters in each,plusa notation ofthe free char
ac tersin the
InternalMemory
of thePrimaryUnit.Thememoryareawhich is curren tl yselected
willbe signified by appearing in negative type (white on black).
We 'lll earn more about the linkagesthat can be madewith • 1n the section on
peripherals (page
48 ).
Below the • k
ey Is the RIGHT key• . and nearbyis itsmirror-image, the LE FT
key• .
Thesearegeneralpurposedirectionkeysand performindifferentways indi
ff erent
programs.
For example, when writing
or editi ng mate ri al in th e File System, these keys mo ve
theflashing i
nd icator (called the CURSOR) rightor le ft without chan gi ng the
characters across which
it passes.
Th e- and-keysalongwith the • and • keysarecalledARROWkeys; their
specific functions
woll bedescribed invarioussections throughout this manual.
UP andDOWN Keys Locate • and • . Like
th e• and• , these are general direction keys and
perform in va
ri ousway s.
TheROTATE K ey
The LOCK Key
The SHIFTK
ey
Forexample, th eDispl ay islikea "window" on afileorlist: pressing • ca uses the
line immediately above thecurrent line toap
pear-moving the "window" upward,
so to speak.
Pressing • reveals the line below the current line.
Usually,whenyouaretypingaline
of characters,pressing causesthe line
in the Display to rotatecontinuously from right to left (like the newsbulletins at
Times Square)
un til you press anykey except • , , , ,• , •
or • .
key is which,
wh en pressed before ce rtain k eys (
••• , , - , and all th eARROWkeys), will put tho se keys in a Lock
Modethat a
ff ectsthekeys as though theywere held down continuously.
Whenyoupress followedby • ·or
••• , th eBlipappears intheDisplay
abovethe Attention Indicator,LOCK.
TheLock Modecontinues until thelocked key
is pressed a second time.
Moving
do wn,youencounter whichhasthesamepurposeasashi ft ke y on a
typewriter. Pressing it producesanup
pe r-case letterwhen followed by any

11
alphabet key, and it produces thepunctuation and o th er marksabove the first li ne
ofnumerical keys.
When you press the Blipappears in the Display above the Attention
Indicator, SHIFT, meaning that the nextcharacter typed
w1 ll be shifted.
The LOCK key may
be used with ••
The color-keyed diagram showsthecharactersaccessed by ••
The STP/ SPD Keyand Locatethe STOP/SPEED key . It is used to "freeze" an activityin some
DisplayModes applications sothatyou can study thesituation-
or devote your attent ion to
mattersotherthan the computer. The action resumes when is pressed a
second time.
Insteadofresumingyouractionbypressing asecondtime, you
can select
the speed of the Displayand auto-repeat keys
by pressing a number from W (very
slow) through Ill (medium) through@ (veryfast). Thereafter,the original activity
continues at thechosen speed. The speedchoicewill prevail untilchanged by youin
the abovemanner,
or unless theALL-OFFswitch is used to turn the HHC
completely
off . Experiment withvariousspeeds to find which is mos t comfortable
for you.
The DELETE Key
Just be l ow the • keyyou willfindthe DELETE key ••
This key is used to delerecharacrers. lines, andother material. The method of
delelion differsIn differentprograms. asdesc ri bed in other parts of this manual.
When you press . the Blip appearsin the Display above the Attenrion
Indicator. DELETE. towarnyou thatyou are aboutto deletematerial,
and the
cursorbecomes a flashing empty rectangle.
TheLOCKkeymay
be usedwith
The HELPKey The HELPkeyhas two functions.
First,truetoitsname.itgiveshelp. Press andthemessagePRESS
KEY FOR
DEFINITION will appearinrhe Display. Then ifyou press one of lhe function keys
excluding• , • ,
or • , the definition of thai keywill be shown In the Display
briefly.
After this, th e interruptedactivitywill resume.
Second, youcan assign new definitions to • . • and • as describedbelow.
The SEARCHK
ey Above -is the SEARCH key -which is usedwhen reviewing F ile
System text tolocate a characterword. phrase. or othergroup of characters.
12
The procedure for searching a file is covered onpage 40 .

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The
IN SE"lT Key To th e leftof is
th e INSERTk ey --
Thiskeyis usedind iff erentways ind iff erentprograms.butitsgeneral function is to
in sertcharacters orlineswithinothermaterial.
When you press - ·the Blip appears above the Attention Indicator, INS
ER T.
Also.
th e cursor becomes a flashing checker ed rectangle.
The LOCKkey
may beusedwith • ••
The ENTER K ey Thewider is adjacent to . If ispressed after a group of
characters. it si
gna ls the HHC th atyou are through with your in put and causes the
program to move forward.
f1, f2, f3 Keys Thesekeys are called USER-DEFINABLE K
EYS-t hat is, they can represent
combinations
of keystrok es ( fu nct ional, alphabetical or nume ri ca l) t hat you
choose. The onlyexceptions are
lil ,D , llll ,• · - · • A, • . - and
theseanything may beincluded in a
fu nct ion key d ef inition to
pr
ov ideshort cu ts.
When you
def ine a user-definable key. the action of that k ey is the same as if you
had typed a gr
oup of keys from th e keyboard. For example, if you ass igned the
number
"234" to a user-definable key and you were in the Calculator M ode , the
number 234 would beenteredinto
th e calculatorand interpreted as a number. If
you were editing a file in the File Syst
em when you pressed the k ey , then "2 3 4"
would beentered as textinto th e fil e. Thusthe user-definable keys form a use ful
addition to allprograms.
To assigna
def inition to one of thesekeys: press , then thek ey <• for
example), then the desired
de fi nit i on (ignoringthe current definition which w1 11
disapp ear when you start typing the n ew one), and finally press which
re
tu rns you to the beginning of yourprogram (notback to the middle in th is case).
When you press
fu nction keys as a part of a definition, theDisplaywill echo as
follows:
LOCK as a superscript M•
ROTATE as an inve
rs e image G
INSERTas {:. symbol
DELETE as
:;, symbol
SEARCHas black rectangle
ENTER as an inverse
ima ge M
C1 as an "a"(with umlaut)
C2 as an "o"(with umlaut)
C3 as an "u" (with umlaut)
C4 asan "ri" (with tilde)
*The M for
LO CKdoes not appearuntil you have typed the funct ion to be lo ck ed.

15
16
Only 14characterscan be used in a single definition; at the 15thkeystroke, the
word FULLappearsin the Display.
If morecharacters are needed, the definition
can be divided between two orthree user-definable keys-to activate the full
def ini ti on, press theuser-definable keys in the sequence inwhich you entered t he
definition.
The SECOND SHIFT Key While
we 're on the subjectof sh ifting, locatethe SECOND SHIFTkey --·
Thiskey givesyou theavailability of morecharacterswithout adding mo rekeys to
thecompactHHC. Forexample, pressing before typing " y" will produce a
capital Y. But pressing before typing " y " produces the plus sign (+
)- thus
givingyou three characte
rs wi th thesame key.
Youcan determine
wh i ch keysare responsive to the SECOND SHI FT key by
studying the color-keyed diagram.
The Blip above the Attention Indicator. 2ND SFT, indicates that the nextcharacter
typedwill be second-shifted. The LOCK key maybe used with
C1, C2, C3, C4 Keys The keys(l;J),(
c2 ),( C3 l, and( c• )are PROGRAM DEFINABLE KEYS. In File System
programs andwhen typing in the Clock/
Co ntroller schedule, pressing(l;J)
producesan"
a" withanumlaut;( c2 ,isan " o" withanumlaut; ©:! is a " u" with an
umlaut; and(!;3)is an
"n " with a tilde-commonlyacc·ented lettersinEuropean
languages.
Thesekeysare redefined
by HHC capsule programs, and you can find how to use
these keys in the specificHHC capsule program manuals.
NUMERIC Keys The first r
ow ofthe keyboard co ntainsthe numerals. which can beused inmost
programs. Refertothediscussionbeginningonpage
19 fordetailed informationon
theCalculatorMode.
ALPHABET and Thealphabetandpunct
ua tionkeysarearrangedon the HHCmuchthe same as on
PUNCTUAT
IO N Keys a standard typewriterkeyboard, and they havethesame functions, exceptwhere
is used. asdiscussed above.
Notethatthemostcommonly used punctuation marks-period, comma and
question mark- are available inboth shifted and unshifted modesto facilitate
typing.

17 MENUS
18
Defi ni ti on and Ex pl ana tio n MENUS list y ou r available options. Menu choices are numbered 1- 9. and in case
moreitems areneeded,A- Z - for a maximum of 35 possible selections.
TheMenu itemsarepresented
in theDisplay one ata time-at aspeeddetermined
by yourchoice of DISPLAY SPEED settings(see the discussion ol th e STO P/
SPEED key in the section on
th e HHCKeyboard.)
All menus cycle, so·that alter the lastitem has appeared. the first item
is shown
again, and
so on.
Tochoosea specificmenuitem.justtypeitsnumberor le
tte rAT ANY TIME during
the menu presentation ( is not required).
There are often "menus within menus
." so th at when you ty pe the menu number
foraparticularprogram.youmaybepresent ed amenu of opt ionsavailable forthat
progr
am . A selection here can lead to yet a third menu, and so on .
To get quickly from the PrimaryMenu toa remote menu choi ce , pass ingthrough a
number
of menus,youcan typeseveral digitsimmediately at the PrimaryMenu and
youwillendupquicklyat th e chosenactivity. Forexample, typ ingthenumber "24"
at
th e Primary Menu leadsinstantly to the time activity of the Clock/Controller.
Ifyoutypeanumberorletter th atdoesn'trepresenta menu item,the HHC will beep
politelytoinform you to try again.
Th e Pr ima ry Menu This iswhere you begin whenyou use your HHC.The PrimaryMenu lis ts the
intrinsic programs availablewi
th the HHC Primary Unit, plus any currently
accessible HHC capsule programs and programs forcertain
per iphera ls
(Telecomputingw ith the Modem, for instance).
If onlyprogramsintrinsictotheHHC Pr im ary Unitare accessible,hereiswhatyou
will see in the Displaywhen the PrimaryMenu is being shown:
! • CA LC ULATOR
2• CLOCKJCONTROLLER
3• FILESYSTEM
4•
RU NSNAPPROGRAMS
This list will belengthened to includethe name of programscontained in attached,
HHC capsules. Also listed areanyprograms for peripherals which are attached
and selected by the
110 key (see thesection on Beyond the Pr ima ry Unitwith the
1/ 0 key, page 48).
Instructions for programs not intrinsic
to thePr im ary Unit of the HHC are gi ven in
manuals forthespecificperipherals orHHC
ca psules.
To access the PrimaryMenu atanytime, ju
st press twice.

19
CALCULATOR
Definition and Explanation To en ter the Calculator Mode of the HHC,press mwhile in the Pri mary Menu.
Look atthecolor-keyeddiagram.andyouwillsee
th at thet wo top r ows of keysand
the
per iod key (which isthe deci ma lpoint) become Calcul ato r keys. performing
only the indicated calculator functions-SHI
FT or 2ND SH IFT are n ot necessary
when usi
ng the CalculatorMode.
Arithmetic problems are entered into the Calcu
lator in the same order as th ey are
wr itt en on pap er . First anumber-then plus, minus, times, or divide by - then t he
second number- and fi nally t he equals sign. Thus. " two pl us three equals five"
occurs as follows:
KEY
DISPL AY
0 with cursor
2
2+
2+3
5
Youcan use •and••o move the cursor and make changes; when you are
satis
fi ed. type the equals sign,and the answer wi ll appear no matte r where th e
cursor
is located. In the above example,when the Disp lay read 2+3,you could
movethe cursor to change the plusto a minus.then immediately press t
he = and
receive the answer ( -1 ).
In a string of arithmeticprocedures, each function is comp le ted (as though the
eq
ua lssign hadbeen used) before goi ng into the ne xt procedure. Fo r ex amp le,
take the problem:
(37+
16.9-1 1 )X3 =
The Calculator handles it asfollows:
K EY
rnrn
G
(DI1J011l
G
CiHD
0
(lJ
E)
DISPLAY
0 wi th cursor
37
3
7+
37 + 16 .9
53 .9-
53.9- 11
42.9X
42 . 9X3
1 28 .7
Numbers long er than tendigits are not accepted; the HHC will b eep fo r each

21
22
excess keystroke. If t he answercannot be expressed in.or rounded o ff to, ten
d
ig its (e.g.. 9999999999 >< 5), the Display shows themessage:
RANG EE RROR
And the problemmust be stated ina mannerthat will l ea d toan answer of ten digits
or less.
The Percent Key T he Percent Key for the Calcul at or is the key used in otherprograms for the l etter
"Q".
Themostuseful feature
of the PercentKey is t ha t youcanuseit tofig ur edi sco unt.
add-on, andsimilar prob
le ms . Examples:
G @00 = adds 5 percent to the original number.
G 1!1® • subtracts 8 percent fr om theoriginal number.
0Gl00 = mul tip lies the or iginal number by 0. 04 .
G
liD~ = div i de s the or iginal number by 0. 05 .
CalculatorMemory The four Memory Keys- ©!1] . <.m!J , (M•Jand CliEJ -all ow numbers to be stored and
re trieved forfurtheruse. Thus, you can put the re sult of a calcul at io n into memory ,
add to it
or subtract from itas the resultofothercalculations, and retr ieve the
summed resultwhen you need it.
©!1) - theClearMemory keystoresazeroinmemory,cl ea ri ng any prev ious
value.
(M
+J -th eAdd-toMemorykeyisusedtoadd on the most recently displ ayed
numbertothe number cur rently in thememory.
Notethat thiskeyisN
OT an equ als key :thus, pressingCID G@L M•Jwilladd 3
to the memory, no t 5.
IM -1 -the Subtract-from Memorykey subtracts the most recently disp l ayed
numberfrom thecurrentnumber in the memory.
lliiD - the Recall Memorykey disp la ys the number cu rr ently in the memo r y,
ente ri ng thatnumber intothe calcul at ions just asif you h ad typed the
numberitself (the numberrem
ai ns in memory until you change it).
•
-t his key is like theCLEARENTRY (C E) k ey of other ca lcu lators; it
deletes the entire, most-recent
number-then p lu s, minus, times or divi de
by - ,soyoucanretypeit. (Youcan usef1,f 2, f3 keystostorethe nu mbers or
combinations of keystrokes in the
Ca lculator Mode).
Whenyou add to
or subtractfrom memory,the number in the Display and t he
ca lcul at ion in pr ogress are notdisturbed.Therefore, memory oper at i ons can be
used whe never needed.

23
24
CLOCK /CO NTROLLER
You are not li mi ted to the Primary Unitwhen using the Calculator program. If you
haveaTVAdaptor,youcan see yourcalcu
la tionson atelevision.Andyoucan have
a hard copy of your calculations if you havea printerattached.
Definition and Explanation The CLOCK/CONTROLLER is a usefulfeature of the Promary Unit of the HHC.
First, itis an accurateQuartzClock that displays thecurrent time and
date .
Second, itis
an electronicappointmen ts calendarthat allows you to schedule
personal andbusinessevents
-hou rs. days ,months or evenyears ahead.
You can setthe times thatyouwish to
be reminded. and include messages to
yourselfthat
de scribeeachappointment. (Thisinformationisstoredinonlyinternal
RAM,and Programmable Memory (RAM)can't be used
fo r this function).
When the time
of the appointm en t arrives. the HHC soundsoff pleasantly-and
whenyou acknowledge the tune, the p ert inentmessage appears in the Disp la y.
Thus,you can schedule all
your businessappointments. review them at any time,
add.delete or rescheduleitems.
Or you can remind yourself of recurring events,
such aswedding anniversaries. birthdays.
etc . -literally for therest of yourlife!
Withappropriateperipherals.you
can see yourschedule on a TV or have a
printedcopy.
Mor eover, the CLOCK/CONTROLLER keeps working and " remembering" even
whentheHHCisturned
off .And on or off , or evenifyou areinthemiddle of another
program,thetunesoundsat eachalarmsetting-andcontinuestosound every 10
minutes until you acknowledge it.
The Clock/Controll er Menu From the PrimaryMenu, typeIZl for the CLOCK/CONTROLLER function. Th is will
displaythefollowingmenu:
1• SETALAAM
2=AEVIEW
3=ACK NOWLEOGE
4-TI ME
S• SETTIME
TheTime Pressing (!)givesyou thetime anddate, with the secondscounting- like this:
W ED 11 : 31 : 59 (l MA R231983
To return totheClock/Controll er Menu, press •• once-twice to return to the
P
roma ry Menu.

25
26
Selling the Time Tomake time co rrections, for ti me zone changes, etc.. press IJJ in theCl ock/
ControllerMenu.Thiscausesthe timeanddate to be "fr ozen" andtheclock to stop
whileyou readjust.andplacesacursorin theDisplayfor changingcharacters. T he
manner of displayis shghliydifferent from the regular tome display:
weo
11 31 59 AM 03123183
Use • and • to move thecursor to thecharacters that need changing, and
then type in the new characters - using ~ for AM and for PM { it is not
necessary to produce the capital A or P). Noticethat the cursorskipscharacter
positions overwhi
ch you have no control- that is, theday of the week which
depends
on th e date, andall spaces, slashes, and colons.
it is agoodidea lo setthe secondssome 15to 20 secondsin advance of thewatch
or otherstandard you are using. Then, whenyou complete yourresetting,you ca n
synchronizewith the standard by pressing at the exact second.
This starts
theclock running at the new timeand returns the HHC to theClock/Controller
Menu.Notethatyoudon'thaveto be
atthe end of the line to press ;youcan
make a change only in the
hour ,forexample, and then press
When changing the hour for lime zone adjustments, youmust also reset the
minutesandseconds.Thisisbecausetheclockis "frozen" forthe amount
of timeit
takes
to makethechanges andpress ••
If you so mehowsetanimpossibleda te ortim e-e .g., 03/33/83 or 11:65: 59 -i twill
beconvertedto anacceptabletime whichmay
not bethecorrecttime. Therefore, it
is agoodidea to checkthetimeatleast once after setting to see if youhave en te red
it correc tl y.
Setting the Alarm From the Clock/ControllerMenu, press!IJ. Thiscauses thefollowing message to
appear in the Display:
SET ALARM. TYPE ENTER
The currenttimethen appears, butwitha flashingcursor. Inthe same manner as
setting lime ,changethecharacters to representthe lime in the future when you
wish to be reminded of anappointment. Then press . { Note : Any
appointmentsmust not be se t with intenminutes fromthe presentlime, other wise it
wo n't giveyouthetunewhilethe PrimaryUnit isturned off) .
The Displ
ay w ill promptyou with:
MESSAGE:
The cur~or appears,andyoucannowtypeamessageinthelength of theDisplay or
shorter. In caseyou make typing errors,you cancorrectthem by using the editing
featuresdescribed in the File
System-page 33.
Last,press and the alarm and messagew
ill be entered in the schedulefile.
The HHC returns
to theClock/ControllerMe nu.

27
28
Rev ie w ing the Sc hedu le
(Note:
if you press instead of after themessage, the HHC also
returns to theClock/ControllerMenu, but youralarmandmessagearelost. Be sure
to press .)
From the Clock/Controller Menu. press
rn to reviewyourschedule.
TheDisplaypresentsthe message forthe most recentlyentered
otem . Press• .
and thetimeanddate for thatmessage appear. (Conversely,when thetime and
dateare in theDisplay,press in g- will movethemessage in to the Display.)
To review otheritems
of theschedule. in reverseorder of theirentry. press • .
The message
of thesecond newest item appears each time • ispressed. until
the firstalarm enteredis reached and the beepersounds.
You canmove
In theoppositedirection bypressing • - untilthatend of the fi le is
reached and thebeepergives itssignal. Any past-duealarms that have
not been
de le ted will appear In the schedule as it is reviewed.
As you move through the schedule, you may remove whole items (alarm
and
message) by press in g when the specificitems are in the Display. The
Displaywill then say:
DELETED
Thismessageremainsuntilyou press • or • (or •• which. of course.takes
you to theClock/Controller Menu ).
Ac knowledging Alarms Whenthetimeforone of yourschedule it ems arrives, the HHC will sound its
pleasant alarm-and will continue to
do so every ten minutesuntil you
acknowledge and deletethe item.Also,a Bl
ip appears in the Display immediately
abovetheAttention Indicator,
"ALAR M ." Ifyou begin using your HHC and notice
thatthealarmBlipison,
it meansthatanalarmhasexpired:acknowlelgethisal arm
even if you haven't heardthetune.
From the Primary Menu,
press(J 1» to reach the Acknowledge program.
TheDisplayw
ill showthe message. Press• to seethecorresponding time and
date. Thenpress to remove the itemfrom your schedule, and once
to returnyou to theClock/Controller Menu-tw ice for the Primary Menu.
What
if therehave been morethan one alarm sinceyou lastchecked your
schedule? Inthat case,afteryou press , your HHCbeeperw ill sound
again-and againandagainuntil every past·duealarmhasbeendeleted (at which
ti methe BlipoverAlarm will gooff).
You mayfindand delete these past-due alar
ms by using • and• , in the same
manneryou review yourschedule.However. only past-duealarms are shown
in
theAcknowledge mode, whereasall alarms (pastand future) are shown in t he
Reviewmode.

29 FILE SYSTEM
30
Definition and Explanation The File System provides a meansf or storing, reviewing, and ed iting text, which
can be dividedi nto separatefiles (fil es canbecopied, renamed, or de leted whethe r
th
ey contain text or othermaterial). These files are stored in the Random Access
Memory (RAM) within the HHC itself or in Programmable Memory Peripherals.
In t
he HHC,a file isa variable-sized areawithin the memory. SNAP fil es and oth er
nonprogrammable files are stored in the File System and can be cop ie d or deleted
but NOT ed ited, except to changethe name. The Clock /Cont ro ller schedule a lso
oc cupiesthesamestoragespa ce (althoughitis not l iste d intheFileSystem Menu),
and therebyeffects the totalamount
of memo ry storage available. The use of
cer tain per ipherals alsocan reducethe amountof availab le memory.
Current Memory An HHCsystem with peripherals can
cont ain several memory areas: the Internal
Mem
ory is one of them; each Programmable MemoryPeripheral isanother
memoryarea. Only oneof these memoryareas isactive
at a time in the File
System. The listing
of files in the File System Me nu representsthose fi les in the
curren
tly selectedarea.
Tofind the Current Memory, press
liD ,a nd youwill enterthe 110 M enu . It lists all
the availablememory
areas- the HHC Primary Unit's Internal Memo ry and all
attached ProgrammableMemo
ry periphera ls-plus thenumber of characters
available foradditional data
in ea chmemoryarea.
TheCurrent Memoryw
ill be disp la yed as an inverse image: the ot he rs normally.
Youcanchange the
Cu rrentMemory by typingthenumberfromthe 110 Menu of the
memoryareathatyou wish to becometheCurrent Memory. Note that only
one
memoryareacanbeactivatedatatime, althougho th erperipherals in t he 110 Menu
can be in a varie
ty of on and off conditions.
This procedure not only gives access
to text filesfor reviewing, editing, copy ing.
etc., but
it al so locates nonprogrammablefil es -such as fi lesneeded to run
capsule programs-and makes them accessible inthe Current Memory.
F
ile System Menu Tochoosethe File System from the Pr imary Menu, press rn. The Display shows :
FILESYSTEM
to con fi rm yourchoice. Let usassumetheHHCInternalMe mory isthe Current
Memoryand it contains
no files. The Displ ay then presents th efollowing menu:
1= NEWFI LE
2=
C0 PY FILE
NO
FI L ES

31
32
An example of a menu with fi les could look like thi s:
1=NEW FI LE
2=COPYFILE
3=6ANK
hC REDIT CARDS
S=AUTORECORDS
6=
DE FINITIONS
7=HDME INVENTORY
B• CHEM
IC AL ELEMENTS
9
=A ECIPES
A=CALORIE COUNTER
B ~ I NC O ME TAX
When afile hasbeendeleted, itsname no longera pp ea rs inthe me nu.As fi le s are
created and deleted. the
fi le numbers change. so that only the lowestconsecutive
numbers are in the menu.
Creating a File You'
re ready tocreate a file- a name and address file, for example.
Enter the P
ri mary Menu ( by pressing 10' IW tw ice if necessary).
Firstpress
Cil to enterthe FileSystem program.Thenpress CD tose lec t NEW FILE,
anda message (called a
"prompt" because it promptsyou to do some thing)
appears
in the Display:
TYPEFILE NAME,THENENTER
and you do justtha t: choose a name forthefi le and press ••
The Displaybecomesblank,the fl ashing cursor appears at the l eft , and you st art
typing thetext of youraddressfile. Type asyou no rmally wouldon a t ypewr i ter ,
using forupper-case lettersand f
or the symbols above the numerals, etc .
( operates asshown on the col
or -keyeddi ag ram.)
When youtypethe file name, you can use anycharacters or punctuation that
you
want- characterscan be upper or lo w er case, spacescan be includedin file
names,andyou canhave
tw o fileswiththesamename(youcan tell them apart by
theirdifferentmenu numbers). Ifa fi le name is long er than the Displayit will sh ift
fromri ght tol ef t, showingtheentirename be foregoingtothenextitem. Filenames,
like file lines,can be 80characters long.
Termi
na te each file linewith to save the mate ri al. If you type moreth an
80 characters, each addi ti onalkeystrokewill changethe lastcharacter and cau se
a beep, signi fy ing that the line is full.

33
34
Pressing
•• once returns you to theFi le System Menu ;twice, to the Primary
Menu.
Be sure not to create more than 33files . Nothing willprevent you from creatinga
34th file , but you may have troubleaccessingi t. When youreach 33 , you can delete
files that you don 't need any more or copy the files intoanother memoryarea and
then delete the original.
Making C
orrec ti ons Unl ess youyou r se lf are a computer (anda w ell-p rogrammed one), you will ma ke
mis tak es as you t ype your fil es . Theyare easy to correct.
You
can think of the Display as a ··window" into a file- a window 26 characters
wi de and one line hi gh . Using the four arrow keys• , , and . you can
" dr ive" the windowanywherewithin any fi le for rev1ewing. mak ing correct i ons or
additi ons , etc .
If you w an t to replace any character, move the cursor with the arro w k eys to the
unwanted character. Then type the co rr ect character. Whe n you pr ess the
entire line will be saved, regardless of the cursor position.
Insertions
How abo ut inserting missing characters? That's just as easy .
Positionthecursoradjacent
to where you wish tomakeacharacter insertion . Press
, followed by - or • .which opens upa space to the right or left of the
cursor, wh ich you can fill by typing a character.
If you need to inse
rt multiple characters- e.g., anentire word or more-agai n
position thecursoradjacentto w
her e you wan t the insertion. Pr ess:
now type newcharacters
Pressing a second timetak
es you out of the loc ked Insert M ode.
Note that wh en you usethe space k ey to cr ea te a space, th is re pr es en ts a
char
ac ter in the co mpu ter ,and any spaces th at you type in will be r eta ined when
you press to enda line.
When
you are making insertions in a line, if you try to Insert enough characters to
cause th e line to be longerthan 80characters, the HHC will beep , and the new
characters will not be accepted.
A new tinea lso can be inserted-either above or belo w the current line. Press :
•
or •
then the n
ew line