PCT Nemesis Reference guide

PROCEDURES MANUAL
Ver 2.2
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FOREWORD
This manual has been written by PCT International Pty Ltd. to
provide detailed information for professional pest managers
accredited to install and service/maintain the NEMESIS TERMITE
MONITORING and BAITING SYSTEM. The manual and the
intellectual material contained within always remain the property of
PCT International Pty. Ltd. The manual is copyright.
If you have any queries or suggestions with respect to content,
send an e-mail to:
[email protected]
For further information, contact the technical manager,
(phone [phone])
OR check out our PCT web site at http://pcti.com.au
Additional contacts:
PCT International Head Office:
Unit 5, 74 Murdoch Cct., ACACIA RIDGE Queensland 4110
PO Box 486
ARCHERFIELD
QLD. 4108
AUSTRALIA
Phone: [phone] International [phone]
Fax: [phone] International [phone]
Email: [email protected]
[email protected]
PCT warrants that this product conforms to its chemical description and is reasonably fit for
the purposes stated on the label when used in accordance with Directions for Use under
normal conditions of use. No warranty of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose,
express or implied, extends to the use of the product contrary to label instructions or under
off-label permits not endorsed by PCT, or under abnormal conditions.
APVMA Approval №58922/20X100G/0105
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CONTENTS
Chapter Subject Page
№
1 Introduction 6
2 System Details 9
3 Health & Safety 19
4 Handling & Storage 29
5 Installation
Methods &
Procedures
31
6 Maintenance &
Servicing
43
7 Client
Responsibilities
50
8 Constraints 51
9 Accreditation
Requirements
53
10 System Photos 55
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1. INTRODUCTION.
he TERMITE BAITING and MONITORING SYSTEM
is an integrated termite management system which relies upon
advanced, low-toxic subterranean termite baiting technology. The
active constituent of NEMESIS bait, Chlorfluazuron, belongs to a
group of control agents classified as insect growth regulators
(IGRs). Small, measured doses of the IGR in the NEMESIS Termite
Bait are presented in a highly attractive and palatable feeding
matrix to the active termites as they forage for food sources or while
they are attacking timbers. The moist bait matrix is readily
consumed by feeding termites, even in preference to alternate
foods. Over a relatively short period of time, individual members of
the termite colony (and especially the queen) undergo physical
changes that reduce their normal body function and development
by inhibiting the moulting process of their bodies. The effect on the
queen is a loss of reproductive capability, resulting in the collapse
and demise of the colony.
1.2 NEMESIS TERMITE BAIT is placed in areas where and when
active termites are encountered; it is contained within purpose-built
Stations, greatly enhancing termites’ uptake while also ensuring
product usage safety. The bait Stations can be placed either inside
structures, externally, in roof voids, in subfloor voids or underneath
buildings, and attached to other structures such as bridges,
wharves, fences, stumps or poles. The NEMESIS system, if used
according to label and Australian Standards’ instructions, has the
capacity to reduce the risk of damage caused by long term
undetected termite activity in a wide variety of structures and
situations. The NEMESIS TERMITE BAITING SYSTEM is useful for
dealing with difficult and/or environmentally sensitive sites or where
clients are wary of situations where large volumes of liquid
termiticides would otherwise need to be applied. This effective, low
toxic system uses significantly less active material than traditional
T

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barrier treatment methods, and is far less invasive, with minimal
impact on family life or business operations during treatment.
1.3 However, the system is not a preventative barrier and it does
not provide residual protection. The Australian Standard AS 3660.2-
2000 states: “Baiting systems may be used to manage or eradicate
existing termite colonies and to monitor for future activity. They are not
prophylactic barrier systems and might not prevent future attack. They
may be used alone or in conjunction with conventional barrier systems.
Baiting can be useful in chronic re-infestation situations where other
methods have been unsuccessful. Baiting systems do not impede concealed
termite access into a building or structure.”(AS 3660.2-2000 page 23
section 6.5 Baiting Systems)
1.4 The NEMESIS TERMITE BAITING and MONITORING
SYSTEM is a proactive system which delivers an additional benefit
to professional pest managers. You can install a termite monitoring
system that is capable of intercepting termites as they forage
around a property, and, in some cases, prior to possible detectable
or observable entry into a structure. This allows the NEMESIS
termite bait to be applied for termite colony control outside a
structure. The NEMESIS TERMITE BAITING and MONITORING
SYSTEM effectively controls hidden termite nests. There is also
anecdotal evidence to suggest that termite feeding on structural
timbers is suppressed when the colony feeds on registered IGR
termite baits such as NEMESIS. This means that the risk of further
structural timber damage occurring is potentially reduced during
treatment. The system offers great flexibility for professional pest
managers as it is designed to be used either as a one-off treatment
or as part of a long term integrated management program with
provision for ongoing monitoring, in a wide range of situations.
1.5 The NEMESIS TERMITE BAITING and MONITORING
SYSTEM is intended to be used in any reasonable manner that the
professional pest manager determines to be appropriate for the
circumstances, subject to that usage being consistent with the
following:
The work follows registered label instructions.
The methodology is consistent with AS 3660, & this
NEMESIS PROCEDURES MANUAL.
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The client has been provided with a recent written
inspection report relating to timber pests or termites for the
property, including recommendations for additional
inspections from an expert building consultant if required,
and for remedial actions to reduce the impact of conducive
site conditions. It should contain a comprehensive set of
appropriate treatment options. This will enable the client to
make an informed decision based on full disclosure of all
reasonable treatment methods along with the associated
costs, risks and limitations. It is important that the
client/professional pest manager relationship is grown in an
open and transparent environment. Any suggested
treatment program should also highlight specific key
performance indicators or landmarks and incorporate a fall-
back position or mitigation plan.
1.6 WHY USE THE NEMESIS TERMITE BAITING and
MONITORING SYSTEM?
It works-- termite baiting has been proven to work in the
field and in the laboratory.
The value of termite baiting and monitoring is recognized in
AS 3660.2-2000.
It is proactive and offers very flexible treatment options.
It is clean, safe and easy to use.
Less disruptive compared to the installation of liquid
chemical termite barriers.
Environmentally acceptable.
The product is an unscheduled pesticide and not classified
as Dangerous Goods.
The product is not hazardous according to the criteria of
Worksafe Australia.
The product is made in Australia, by Australians, for
Australian conditions.

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2. SYSTEM DETAILS.
The system consists of the following integrated components:
Nemesis Termite Bait
Nemesis Termite Baiting and Monitoring Stations
Nemesis Monitoring Timber Inserts
Nemesis Technical Manual
Nemesis Induction Training and Accreditation Scheme
Nemesis Support
NEMESIS TERMITE BAIT
The Nemesis Termite Bait is the key to the success of the
NEMESIS TERMITE BAITING and MONITORING SYSTEM.
2.1.1The NEMESIS TERMITE BAIT is an off-white powder (dry
formulation) intended to be mixed with water. The NEMESIS
TERMITE BAIT is packaged in individual 100gm sachets for ease of
use, product usage control, and for minimizing the risk of bait
contamination. The bait formulation has two components:
The active constituent, chlorflurazuron- an insect growth
regulator.
The carrier/bait matrix- a highly palatable cellulose based
material.
2.1.2 Only use non-chlorinated bottled water for mixing. Small
bottles are the most convenient. It is recommended that this water
is kept warm by leaving bottles in direct sunlight. Termites are
repelled by cold water. It is also recommended that the water be
added to the Nemesis bait IN the resealable bag.
2.2 Mix the bait until a uniform consistency is obtained, as per label
instructions. The amount of water used can be varied depending
upon the situation and the time of year. In high temperature
situations, more moisture is required, but in low temperature
situations, less water must be added. We strongly recommend that
between 50 to 100ml of water be used in cold weather, to ensure
that the bait mixture does not become a batter or a dough.
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2.3 This prepared bait is then added to either inground Stations
(called NEMESIS®IGs) or above ground Stations (called
NEMESIS®AGs). Prepared bait can be placed in the station (note:
AG only), left in this bag (with an ‘X’ cut in the side of the sachet).
The bag itself can also be used as a bait station in secure
situations. If applying bait in the bag, try to orientate the moist
portion of bait closest to the termite entry point into the station (if in
an AG station). It is recommended that you prime the back of the
AG station by irrigating the access point with water laced with a
small amount of Nemesis bait.
Nemesis termite bait is only placed in areas or
stations where there are active live termites feeding. When
replacing bait in AG stations, open up the previous bag .
if eaten out, slit it further, exposing the termite fecal spotting and
place that into the station with the new bag. (Save these bags for
placing in other stations later). Note that in some situations, the bait
in the bag can be placed directly onto termite workings as a Station.
By way of example:
attached to timber, wall coverings (plasterboard). These
need to be attached with tape or stapled. Seal the
underside of the bag with No-more-gaps.

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underneath pavers
at the base of poles, posts or piers. Wherever possible,
seal the bag and/or cover the bag with rocks or other items
with reasonable weight as a safety and security precaution.
On poles, posts or piers, it may be necessary to place a
non-bleached corrugated cardboard “bandage” around the
pole over the bait.
At floor edges inside houses it may be necessary to lift
carpet and place the bag directly to the termite feeding
zone. We recommend that corrugated cardboard or carpet
be placed over the bag and a weight be placed on top.
Some of these above procedures are useful alternate
installations for treating infestations of Schedorhinotermes
and Nasutitermes.
NEMESIS bait bag attached directly to wall above another station.
(Photo courtesy: Colin Skinner)
2.4 The NEMESIS TERMITE BAIT is a readily accepted source of
food for the foraging termite workers. It acts slowly and does not
affect the foraging termite workers whilst they transport the bait to
the termite colony. It is taken into the colony and shared with other
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members (known as trophallaxis). The termite’s natural habits, food
preferences, energy saving and feeding behaviour are all used
against it. In order to enhance the likelihood of successful termite
bait placements, you must identify and differentiate between active
termite feeding areas and termite galleries and workings where
active termites are travelling and not feeding. NEMESIS TERMITE
BAIT MUST BE PLACED IN ACTIVE FEEDING ZONES TO
ENSURE SUCCESS.
2.5 The NEMESIS TERMITE BAIT relies upon the termite’s biology
to effect control. As termites grow and develop, they need to shed
their skin, or exoskeleton (a process called moulting), after which it
starts to reform. It is toughened up by chitin which the termite
produces. This chitinous exoskeleton is needed for protection
against shock, bumps, abrasions and the effects of desiccation
(loss of body moisture). The insect growth regulator in the bait
affects the worker termites when they shed their chitin based
exoskeletons. The IGR also affects their chitin lined digestive
system, making the absorption of nutrients difficult. (This is why
there is some anecdotal evidence indicating repressed feeding on
timber elements of the structure under attack).
NEMESIS AG Station placed at active feeding zone in a roof void.

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2.6 Gradually, as waves of termite workers go through their cycle of
growth, development and moulting, the whole colony is affected.
The IGR affected termite workers stop feeding other termites and
they stop maintaining the colony. At first they become sluggish,
then die. When enough termites are affected or die, the termite
colony collapses.
2.7 When the termite queen is affected, the eggs do not survive.
This means that within a typical 6-16 week period after sufficient
background levels of the IGR have been established in the colony,
no replacement generations of termite nymphs survive. This
accelerates the collapse of the colony as there are no viable
replacements- the colony loses whole generations. (Note that not all
termite colonies are eliminated within 16 weeks- it may take up to 6
months).
2.8 Colony elimination normally requires that the termites feed on
between 100 - 400 grams of Nemesis Termite Bait, although
extremely large colonies could take more. Termites may consume
more bait than what is required to eliminate the colony. The size,
species and natural vigor of the termite colony influences the
amount of bait required to eradicate the colony. Older, mature
termite colonies have more constituent members, so it takes longer
to eliminate them.
The following signs are usually observable during the process of
termite baiting:
Stage1: Termite workers congregate around the bait in
large numbers. Only about one in six termites will be
soldiers.
Stage2: Termite workers become sluggish and their
appearance changes- looking at their backs, they take on a
white/chalky appearance.
Stage3: Less bait is consumed. Termite workers are fewer
in number and appear very chalky. Ratio of soldiers to
workers increases.
Stage4: No workers are observed. Only soldiers are
observed or the remnants of the harder soldier head
capsules.
Stage5: Sometimes fungal blooms are noted, and on rare
occasions a “dead prawn” smell is detected in the vicinity.
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It is not always possible to observe all these key performance
indicating stages. When termite colonies reach Stages 3 &/or 4,
they are at the point of collapse.
2.9 By calculating and recording the amount of termite bait
consumed and by noting the physical and behavioural changes in
the termites, you can reasonably determine when the termite colony
has been eliminated.
2.10 The sharing of this information and experience with the client,
working to a plan with key performance indicators and carrying out
regular monitoring allows the professional pest manager to develop
a true partnership with the client- the client is involved in the
process. It should become easier to recommend and implement
further worthwhile non-chemical control and risk management
initiatives.
2.11 Other aspects of the termite colony’s natural biology and
behavior will also affect how quickly and when the termite colony
will collapse. In many cases they will consume more bait than what
is required to control them. In some situations, there may be more
than one colony involved. In others, e.g. Schedorhinotermes
infestations, control is likely to take months as the termites may not
moult for long periods of the year, especially in winter. In
circumstances such as this, it is recommended that a treatment
using non-repellent termiticides be carried out.

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NEMESIS TERMITE BAITING and MONITORING
STATIONS
2.12 There are several types of Station available for use with the
NEMESIS TERMITE BAITING and MONITORING SYSTEM.
Nemesis Termite Bait can be used in other purpose designed
termite baiting and monitoring Stations or in other proprietary
systems.
2.13 These are the available Termite Baiting and Monitoring
Stations:
ABOVE GROUND STATIONS: NEMESIS AG
IN GROUND STATIONS: NEMESIS IG
STATIONS FOR PLACEMENT IN CONCRETE OR
PAVING: NEMESIS IC
ABOVE GROUND STATIONS: NEMESIS AG
2.14 PCT International Pty Ltd supplies an above-ground Station
designed to be located on and attached to active termite feeding
sites. The Station is made out of grey moulded flexible
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polyethylene. It has built-in anchorage points, and is tamper
evident. It has a series of circular knockout points which can be
sealed with grommets (supplied). These allow a wide range of
fixing/interface orientations and flexibility for filling and inspection.
DIMENSIONS:
Length: 220mm
Depth: 50mm
Width: 115mm at widest.
IN GROUND STATIONS: NEMESIS IG
2.15 PCT International Pty Ltd supplies a plastic inground Station
which is designed to be readily stackable/transportable, taking up
minimal space in storage. The Station is made of moulded, rigid
high impact styrene, with a black body and black lid. It also

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incorporates two timber inserts which have been designed to afford
a maximum surface area for termite attraction whilst also being
easy to prepare and install in the Stations. The mass of the timber
inserts provided with the NEMESIS TERMITE MONITORING &
BAITING SYSTEM is greater than most other comparable systems.
A palm sized multi-position tool is supplied for opening and closing
the tamper evident lid.
DIMENSIONS:
Length /depth into soil: 165.5mm
Width (tapered): 102mm at top. 70mm at bottom
Two timber inserts shaped to fit approx 35mm across and 80mm deep
Payload for bait: 70mm long with top being approx 97mm wide and
bottom being approx 82mm wide. Bait can fill gaps and grooves in
the Station.
The Station has been designed so that the timber inserts will have
significant soil contact when installed. The inserts are manufactured
from sections of Mountain Ash (Eucalyptus regnans) and Alpine Ash
(Eucalyptus delegatensis).
IG station with the timber inserts oriented for maximum soil contact.
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IN CONCRETE OR PAVING: NEMESIS IC
2.16 For installations underneath paving or through concrete, a
stainless steel (304) cap is available which ensures an O-ring tight
waterproof seal and a flush fit with the finished ground level surface.
Non slip versions with a textured surface are recommended for high
pedestrian traffic areas.
Hole size to be drilled / core cut: 82mm
Concrete drill or core cutter to be used: 80mm
Width of cap flange on surface at finished ground level: 100mm
Force to close / tighten cap: approx. 9kgs
It is recommended that soil and swarf be removed out of the
borehole. You need to place the timber inserts into soil and have
enough room above the inserts to place bait. (You can place the
bait with a 75mm space). It is recommended that you tie two timber
inserts together with twist-tie, creating a loop handle and place this
bundle in the void.
IC Stations sealed with stainless steel caps.

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3.HEALTH & SAFETY with
NEMESIS BAIT:
3.1 NEMESIS TERMITE BAIT is an odourless white powder
containing 1.0 g/kg Chlorflurazuron. The product is not a scheduled
poison according to the criteria of the NHMRC and is classified as
non-hazardous according to the criteria of Worksafe Australia. You
MUST always read the product label and observe all precautions
thereon. Additional information is listed on the Safety Data Sheet
(as shown below). It is also available from PCT on request (toll free
1800 630 877) or alternatively it can be downloaded as a PDF file
from our web site at http://pcti.com.au
Section 1 - Identification of the Material and Supplier
PCT Holdings Pty Ltd
5/74 Murdoch Circuit
Acacia Ridge QLD 4110
AUSTRALIA
Phone: [phone]
Chemical nature: Chlorfluazuron-based termiticide.
Trade Name: Nemesis Termite Bait
APVMA Code: 58922
Product Use: An insect development inhibitor
type insecticide for use as part of a
termite interception and baiting
system as per the product label.
Creation Date: October, 2015
This version issued: October, 2015 and is valid for 5
years from this date.
Poisons Information Centre: Phone 13 1126 from
anywhere in Australia
Section 2 - Hazards Identification
Statement of Hazardous Nature
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This product is classified as: N, Dangerous to the environment.
Not classified as hazardous according to the criteria of SWA.
Not a Dangerous Good according to Australian Dangerous Goods
(ADG) Code, IATA or IMDG/IMSBC criteria.
Risk Phrases: R52. Harmful to aquatic organisms.
Safety Phrases: S8, S61, S3/7/9, S36/37. Keep container dry.
Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special
instructions/Safety Data Sheets. Keep container tightly closed in a
cool, well ventilated place. Wear suitable protective clothing and
gloves.
SUSMP Classification: None allocated.
ADG Classification: None allocated. Not a Dangerous Good
according to Australian Dangerous Goods (ADG) Code, IATA or
IMDG/IMSBC criteria.
UN Number: None allocated
GHS Signal word: NONE. Not hazardous.
HAZARD STATEMENT:
H402: Harmful to aquatic life.
PREVENTION
P102: Keep out of reach of children.
P262: Do not get in eyes, on skin, or on clothing.
P273: Avoid release to the environment.
P281: Use personal protective equipment as required.
RESPONSE
P352: Wash with plenty of soap and water.
P301+P330+P331: IF SWALLOWED: Rinse mouth. Do NOT
induce vomiting.
P370+P378: In case of fire, use carbon dioxide, dry chemical,
foam, water fog.
STORAGE
P410: Protect from sunlight.
P402+P404: Store in a dry place. Store in a closed container.
P403+P235: Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep cool.
DISPOSAL
P501: Dispose of contents and containers as specified on the
registered label.
Emergency Overview
Physical Description & Colour: White powder.
Odour: No odour.
Major Health Hazards: no significant risk factors have been
found for this product.

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Section 3 - Composition/Information on Ingredients
Ingredients CAS No
Conc,%
TWA (mg/m3) STEL (mg/m3)
Chlorfluazuron 71422-67-8
1g/kg
not set
not set
Other non hazardous ingredients secret to
100 not set
not set
This is a commercial product whose exact ratio of components may
vary slightly. Minor quantities of other non hazardous ingredients
are also possible.
The SWA TWA exposure value is the average airborne concentration of a particular
substance when calculated over a normal 8 hour working day for a 5 day working
week. The STEL (Short Term Exposure Limit) is an exposure value that may be
equalled (but should not be exceeded) for no longer than 15 minutes and should not
be repeated more than 4 times per day. There should be at least 60 minutes
between successive exposures at the STEL. The term "peak "is used when the TWA
limit, because of the rapid action of the substance, should never be exceeded, even
briefly.
Section 4 - First Aid Measures
General Information:
You should call The Poisons Information Centre if you feel that you
may have been poisoned, burned or irritated by this product. The
number is 13 1126 from anywhere in Australia (0800 764 766 in
New Zealand) and is available at all times. Have this SDS with you
when you call.
Inhalation: First aid is not generally required. If in doubt, contact a
Poisons Information Centre or a doctor.
Skin Contact: Gently brush away excess particles. Irritation is
unlikely. However, if irritation does occur, flush with lukewarm,
gently flowing water for 5 minutes or until chemical is removed.
Eye Contact: Quickly and gently brush particles from eyes.
Immediately flush the contaminated eye(s) with lukewarm, gently
flowing water for 5 minutes or until the product is removed, while
holding the eyelid(s) open. Obtain medical advice immediately if
irritation occurs. Take special care if exposed person is wearing
contact lenses.
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Ingestion: If product is swallowed or gets in mouth, do NOT
induce vomiting; wash mouth with water and give some water to
drink. If symptoms develop, or if in doubt contact a Poisons
Information Centre or a doctor.
Section 5 - Fire Fighting Measures
Fire and Explosion Hazards: The major hazard in fires is
usually inhalation of heated and toxic or oxygen deficient (or both),
fire gases. There is no risk of an explosion from this product under
normal circumstances if it is involved in a fire. This product, if
scattered, may form flammable or explosive dust clouds in air.
Fire decomposition products from this product are likely to be toxic
and corrosive if inhaled. Take appropriate protective measures.
Extinguishing Media: In case of fire, use carbon dioxide, dry
chemical, foam, water fog.
Fire Fighting: If a significant quantity of this product is involved in
a fire, call the fire brigade. Do not scatter spilled material with high
pressure water jets.
Flash point: Combustible solid.
Upper Flammability Limit: No data.
Lower Flammability Limit: No data.
Autoignition temperature: No data.
Flammability Class: Combustible solid.
Section 6 - Accidental Release Measures
Accidental release: Minor spills do not normally need any
special cleanup measures. In the event of a major spill, prevent
spillage from entering drains or water courses. As a minimum, wear
overalls, goggles and gloves. Suitable materials for protective
clothing include cotton, rubber, PVC. Eye/face protective equipment
should comprise as a minimum, protective glasses and, preferably,
goggles. If there is a significant chance that dusts are likely to build
up in cleanup area, we recommend that you use a suitable dust
mask.
Stop leak if safe to do so, and contain spill. Sweep up and shovel or
collect recoverable product into labelled containers for recycling or
salvage, and dispose of promptly. Consider vacuuming if
appropriate. Recycle containers wherever possible after careful
cleaning. Refer to product label for specific instructions. After spills,
wash area preventing runoff from entering drains. If a significant
quantity of material enters drains, advise emergency services. Full
details regarding disposal of used containers, spillage and unused

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material may be found on the label. If there is any conflict between
this SDS and the label, instructions on the label prevail. Ensure
legality of disposal by consulting regulations prior to disposal.
Thoroughly launder protective clothing before storage or re-use.
Advise laundry of nature of contamination when sending
contaminated clothing to laundry.
Section 7 - Handling and Storage
Handling: Keep exposure to this product to a minimum, and
minimise the quantities kept in work areas. Check Section 8 of this
SDS for details of personal protective measures, and make sure
that those measures are followed. The measures detailed below
under "Storage" should be followed during handling in order to
minimise risks to persons using the product in the workplace. Also,
avoid contact or contamination of product with incompatible
materials listed in Section 10.
Storage: Store in the closed original container in a dry, cool, well-
ventilated area out of direct sunlight. Make sure that the product
does not come into contact with substances listed under
"Incompatibilities" in Section 10. Check packaging - there may be
further storage instructions on the label.
Section 8 - Exposure Controls and Personal
Protection
The following Australian Standards will provide general advice
regarding safety clothing and equipment:
Respiratory equipment: AS/NZS 1715, Protective Gloves: AS 2161,
Occupational Protective Clothing: AS/NZS 4501 set 2008, Industrial
Eye Protection: AS1336 and AS/NZS 1337, Occupational
Protective Footwear: AS/NZS2210.
SWA Exposure Limits TWA (mg/m3) STEL (mg/m3)
Exposure limits have not been established by SWA for any of the
significant ingredients in this product.
The ADI for Chlorfluazuron is set at 0.005mg/kg/day. The
corresponding NOEL is set at 0.56mg/kg/day. ADI means
Acceptable Daily Intake; NOEL means No-observable-effect-level.
Data from Australian ADI List, June 2014.
No special equipment is usually needed when occasionally handling
small quantities. The following instructions are for bulk handling or
where regular exposure in an occupational setting occurs without
proper containment systems.
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Ventilation: This product should only be used in a well ventilated
area. If natural ventilation is inadequate, use of a fan is suggested.
Eye Protection: Eye protection such as protective glasses or
goggles is recommended when this product is being used.
Skin Protection: The information at hand indicates that this
product is not harmful and that normally no special skin protection is
necessary. However, we suggest that you routinely avoid contact
with all chemical products and that you wear suitable gloves
(preferably elbow-length) when skin contact is likely.
Protective Material Types: We suggest that protective clothing
be made from the following materials: cotton, rubber, PVC.
Respirator: If there is a significant chance that dusts are likely to
build up in the area where this product is being used, we
recommend that you use a suitable dust mask.
Safety deluge showers should, if practical, be provided near to
where this product is being handled commercially.
Section 9 - Physical and Chemical Properties:
Physical Description & colour: White powder.
Odour: No odour.
Boiling Point: Not applicable.
Freezing/Melting Point: Decomposes before melting.
Volatiles: No specific data. Expected to
be low at 100°C.
Vapour Pressure: Negligible at normal ambient
temperatures.
Vapour Density: Not applicable.
Specific Gravity: No data. Bulk density about
0.25
Water Solubility: Miscible.
pH: No data.
Volatility: Negligible at normal ambient
temperatures.
Odour Threshold: No data.
Evaporation Rate: Not applicable.
Coeff Oil/water Distribution: No data
Viscosity: Not applicable.
Autoignition temp: No data.

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Section 10 - Stability and Reactivity
Reactivity: This product is unlikely to react or decompose under
normal storage conditions. However, if you have any doubts,
contact the supplier for advice on shelf life properties.
Conditions to Avoid: Store in the closed original container in a
dry, cool, well-ventilated area out of direct sunlight.
Incompatibilities: water, strong acids, strong bases, oxidising
agents.
Fire Decomposition: Combustion forms carbon dioxide, and if
incomplete, carbon monoxide and possibly smoke. Water is also
formed. May form hydrogen chloride gas, other compounds of
chlorine. May form hydrogen fluoride gas and other compounds of
fluorine. Carbon monoxide poisoning produces headache,
weakness, nausea, dizziness, confusion, dimness of vision,
disturbance of judgment, and unconsciousness followed by coma
and death.
Polymerisation: This product will not undergo polymerisation
reactions.
Section 11 - Toxicological Information
Local Effects:
Target Organs: There is no data to hand indicating
any particular target organs.
Acute Toxicity:
•Oral: LD50 (rat) >5000 mg/kg approx.
•Inhalation: LC50 (rat) >7.0 mg/L exposure time 4h method
•Dermal: LD50 (rat) >2000 mg/kg
•Eye Irritation: (Species - rabbit) slight irritant
•Skin Irritation: (Species - rabbit) non - irritant
•Skin Sensitisation: (Species - guinea pig) non-sensitising
Potential Health Effects
Inhalation:
Short Term Exposure: Available data indicates that this product
is not harmful. However product may be mildly irritating, although
unlikely to cause anything more than mild transient discomfort.
Long Term Exposure: No data for health effects associated with
long term inhalation.
Skin Contact:
©Copyright PCT 2017 26
Short Term Exposure: Available data indicates that this product
is not harmful. It should present no hazards in normal use. In
addition product is unlikely to cause any discomfort in normal use.
Long Term Exposure: No data for health effects associated with
long term skin exposure.
Eye Contact:
Short Term Exposure: This product is believed to be mildly
irritating, to eyes, but is unlikely to cause anything more than mild
transient discomfort.
Long Term Exposure: No data for health effects associated with
long term eye exposure.
Ingestion:
Short Term Exposure: Significant oral exposure is considered to
be unlikely. However, this product may be irritating to mucous
membranes but is unlikely to cause anything more than transient
discomfort.
Long Term Exposure: No data for health effects associated with
long term ingestion.
Carcinogen Status:
SWA: No significant ingredient is classified as carcinogenic by
SWA.
NTP: No significant ingredient is classified as carcinogenic by NTP.
IARC: No significant ingredient is classified as carcinogenic by
IARC.
Classification of Hazardous Ingredients
Ingredient Risk Phrases
No ingredient mentioned in the HSIS Database is present in this
product at hazardous concentrations.
Section 12 - Ecological Information
This product is harmful to aquatic organisms.
Ecotoxicity Effects:
Acute Toxicity – Fish: LC50 for carp is >300 mg/L.
Acute Toxicity –Bees: LD50 for bees is >100 μg/L
Acute Toxicity –Birds: LD50 for Japanese Quail is >2510 mg/Kg
Further ecological information:
Ecological notes: This product is considered to be non-toxic to
bees & birds. This product is highly toxic to aquatic invertebrates.
Bait should not be placed in any area where, because of the
movement of water, it could become submersed or could be

©Copyright PCT 2017 27
washed out of a station. Particular care should be taken not to place
Nemesis in an area where it could be washed into bodies of water
containing aquatic life, such as ponds or streams.
Section 13 - Disposal Considerations
Disposal: Special help is available for the disposal of Agricultural
Chemicals. The product label will give general advice regarding
disposal of small quantities, and how to cleanse containers.
However, for help with the collection of unwanted rural chemicals,
contact ChemClear 1800 008 182 http://www.chemclear.com.au/
and for help with the disposal of empty drums, contact DrumMuster
http://www.drummuster.com.au/ where you will find contact details
for your area.
Section 14 - Transport Information
UN Number: This product is not classified as a Dangerous Good
by ADG, IATA or IMDG/IMSBC criteria. No special transport
conditions are necessary unless required by other regulations.
Section 15 - Regulatory Information
AICS: All of the significant ingredients in this formulation are
compliant with NICNAS regulations.
Section 16 - Other Information
This SDS contains only safety-related information. For other
data see product literature.
Acronyms:
ADG Code Australian Code for the Transport of
Dangerous Goods by Road and Rail
(7th edition)
AICS Australian Inventory of Chemical
Substances
SWA Safe Work Australia, formerly ASCC
and NOHSC
CAS number Chemical Abstracts Service Registry
Number
Hazchem Code Emergency action code of numbers
and letters that provide information to
emergency services especially
firefighters
IARC International Agency for Research on
Cancer
©Copyright PCT 2017 28
NOS Not otherwise specified
NTP National Toxicology Program (USA)
R-Phrase Risk Phrase
SUSMP Standard for the Uniform Scheduling of
Medicines & Poisons
UN Number United Nations Number
THIS SDS SUMMARISES OUR BEST KNOWLEDGE OF THE HEALTH AND
SAFETY HAZARD INFORMATION OF THE PRODUCT AND HOW TO SAFELY
HANDLE AND USE THE PRODUCT IN THE WORKPLACE. EACH USER MUST
REVIEW THIS SDS IN THE CONTEXT OF HOW THE PRODUCT WILL BE
HANDLED AND USED IN THE WORKPLACE.
IF CLARIFICATION OR FURTHER INFORMATION IS NEEDED TO ENSURE THAT
AN APPROPRIATE RISK ASSESSMENT CAN BE MADE, THE USER SHOULD
CONTACT THIS COMPANY SO WE CAN ATTEMPT TO OBTAIN ADDITIONAL
INFORMATION FROM OUR SUPPLIERS
OUR RESPONSIBILITY FOR PRODUCTS SOLD IS SUBJECT TO OUR
STANDARD TERMS AND CONDITIONS, A COPY OF WHICH IS SENT TO OUR
CUSTOMERS AND IS ALSO AVAILABLE ON REQUEST.
Please read all labels carefully before using product.
This SDS is prepared in accord with the SWA document “Preparation of Safety Data
Sheets for Hazardous Chemicals - Code of Practice” (December 2011)

©Copyright PCT 2017 29
4. HANDLING & STORAGE
CONSIDERATIONS:
4.1 NEMESIS TERMITE BAIT is supplied in 2kg cartons containing
20 re-sealable 100gm packs to facilitate cleanliness, measurement,
mixing and record keeping. It is a very light powder, similar to flour.
It is easily blown about by wind, so ensure you open the pack in a
calm, dry area. Place a drop sheet under the material and
equipment when mixing it indoors.
4.2 It is ESSENTIAL that both the Nemesis Termite Bait and
associated treatment components and tools are kept free from all
contaminating substances. Ensure that Nemesis Termite Bait and
other system components are kept in sealed storage units well
away from all pesticides and pesticide measuring, mixing and
application equipment. Double wrapping or sealing would be an
effective means of achieving this, or consider setting up a special
purpose vehicle or trailer.
4.3 The presence of odours from tobacco, aftershaves, deodorants,
pesticides, etc. on the Stations is highly likely to deter termites from
entering and feeding. Do not bait while wearing insecticide
contaminated clothing. Use only distilled or filtered water (non-
chlorinated) for mixing the bait. You do not need to use stirring
sticks or buckets. If you do decide to use them, make sure that they
are not contaminated with pesticides. It is highly recommended that
you mix water with the bait INSIDE the plastic bag/sachet as this
reduces the risk of contamination and is more convenient. You
should always wear disposable latex or rubber gloves while
handling and installing the Stations and timber inserts to prevent
tainting and possible termite avoidance of the Stations. Do not use
the same digging tools used to create chemical barriers for
Nemesis installations. Termites are sensitive to even the slightest
odors.
4.4 You can prepare termite bait in the original sachet before taking
it into a roof void or sub-floor. If it is not needed, you can save the
bait and re-use it on another job. You can take sachets/bags of
termite bait plus a small bottle of water in your overall pockets more
©Copyright PCT 2017 30
conveniently with the Nemesis system and make your treatment
decision at the “coalface”. Reseal any unused opened product (to
be used later) in the original ziplock pack. You can either use the
bag as a bait station or insert the folded plastic sachet into the
above-ground station. After folding it in half, cut a small ‘X’ on the
outside of the bag to allow easy termite access to the bait. It is
important to orientate the small portion of moist bait next to the
termite entry point.
4.5 NEMESIS TERMITE BAIT is easily cleaned up using just a cloth
and water. It is often best to let it dry and then remove it with a
vacuum cleaner or a stiff brush and pan. Prevent entry of spilled
matter into drains and waterways.

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5. INSTALLATION METHODS
and PROCEDURES:
RECOMMENDED EQUIPMENT AND TOOLS:
5.1 This is a comprehensive list of items which are needed or may
be useful for NEMESIS installations and maintenance.
Clipboard and pen
Site Plan - for Station location
Torch - strong bright beam (spares recommended)
Termatrac™ Unit & Moisture Meter - for locating evidence
of possible termite activity and/or conducive conditions &
placement of Above-ground Stations (strongly
recommended)
Various hand tools - screwdrivers, pliers, hammer, etc. for
spot repairs and accessing concealed areas
Scratch Awl - for inspections and probing galleries,
mudding and shelter tubes
Gyprock saw - for accessing wall cavities
Specimen bottles (with alcohol) - to take samples of
termites for later identification
NEMESIS TERMITE BAITING and MONITORING
SYSTEM components
Latex disposable gloves - to avoid contaminating the inserts
or Stations
Plastic collar - (optional) for excess soil removal while
drilling holes for Inground installations.
Fluorescent dots - (optional) to place on foundation walls to
help locate Stations
Surveyor’s Flags - (optional) to locate In-ground Stations
Auger/Post Drill - for drilling In-ground Station holes
Auger bits - for creating In-ground Station holes as well as
cleaning out concrete core bore holes (100mm for into soil
and 75mm for clearing in-concrete bore holes)
Trenching shovel - to dig holes for Stations.
Black & White indelible markers - for marking walls etc. and
black Station lids
Stiff paint brush - to remove debris from Station lids
©Copyright PCT 2017 32
Broom - to sweep up waste materials after installation
Heavy duty hexagonal pinch bar - (recommended) for use
in stony ground for Station placement
Tape measure - (recommended) to assist with Station
location
Selley's Knead-It - for pipe repairs
Additional timber inserts - to replace old inserts
Long nose pliers - to remove inserts from IG Stations
Stainless Steel Plugs - for sealing concrete holes
Cordless drill & drill bits
Nut driver - to unlock/lock stainless steel concrete plugs
Phillips-head screws 6g x 20mm &6g x 40mm self-tapping -
for attaching Above-ground Stations
Phillips-head driver for power drill (100mm long) - for Above-
ground Stations
Selley’s ‘No More Gaps™’- for sealing Above-ground
Stations to surfaces
Stanley knife - to cut access channels
Suitable water container (20L recommended)
Clean mixing containers/buckets - for mixing bait
Scoop - for measuring out bait
Stiff spatula - for mixing bait
Syringe - for injecting liquid, diluted mixture of bait into
galleries
Professional caulking gun - to apply bait into Above-ground
Stations
Funnel - to apply bait into Above-ground Stations
Water spray bottle - for moistening bait needing re-
hydration in Stations
Cloths - for wiping up spills
Drop sheets - to prevent spillage on carpets, etc.
Dust pan and brush - for site clean-up
Spare buckets - for site clean-ups
Duct Tape - to seal access holes and assist with Above-
ground Station placement
Temperature Probe - (optional) for determining if termite
activity in trees has ceased
Drill bit 10-14mm diameter x 400mm (or longer) - for test
drilling trees
Copper Napthenate - to protect trees from fungal entry after
drilling
Sealant - to reseal drill holes in trees
Combined Garden soil pH & moisture meter –to identify
likely termite monitor positions.

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NEW SITE INSTALLATION:
5.2 It is important to carry out a termite inspection (and prepare a
written report with a full set of recommendations) prior to agreeing
to undertake a limited or integrated termite treatment and/or
monitoring program. This is in the best interests of both you and the
property owner- the client needs to make an informed decision-
they should be offered a broad range of options. The client also
needs to understand the benefits, the likely outcomes and the
limitations of the proposed treatment. If there is a possibility of
termite damage (either hidden or visible) there must be a specific
recommendation for the client to engage the services of a building
expert to ascertain the extent of structural damage and integrity.
This needs to be expressed fully in writing.
5.3 SITE MAP: A site map indicating suspected or known areas of
termite activity and/or damage should be drawn up either prior to or
on the day of installation, with proposed Station locations marked
on it. (Be aware of possible site changes since the original
quotation). PCT provides a suitable form for this purpose─it is
available either on a CD or from the NEMESIS website. Check for
visible and anecdotal evidence of the presence and location of
power & telephone cabling, water & gas pipes, drains and sewage.
5.4 IN GROUND STATIONS: Lay the prepared NEMESIS IG
Stations on the ground around the structure at the proposed points
of installation, and review these preliminary locations according to
the Station location guidelines below. If the review necessitates any
Station placement changes or additions, make them at this time.
5.5 INGROUND STATION LOCATION/ POSITIONING: Stations
should be located close to the structure, with the optimal location
being along the roof drip line- i.e. a line extending around a building
directly underneath guttering. If the building has gutters extending
past the external walls, locating Stations slightly under the eaves
will reduce the amount of moisture that may enter the Station. Lawn
areas are not likely to promote or support termite activity and should
be avoided if possible when choosing sites for inground Stations.
The ideal Station distance from the walls of the structure is along a
©Copyright PCT 2017 34
line 600mm perpendicularly out. However, do not place them in
closer than 450mm, especially if the structure has been previously
treated with a soil termiticide. Footings could also be an obstacle to
installation closer than 450mm. Note the following:
1. There should be at least one In-ground Station for every
five perimeter lineal metres. The optimal Station loading is
one for every three perimeter lineal metres. The actual
Station to Station distance will be subject to conditions
encountered at individual sites.
2. Ensure that ALL sides of the structure are dealt with
wherever possible. E.g.,even though termites may be
attacking only the western side of the property, the colony
may be located to the east.
3. Place Stations strategically- don’t simply place Stations
strictly by formula every three metres- place them where
termites are more likely to be tracking.
4. Install Stations at or near points of known or suspected
termite entry into the structure. These Stations are intended
to intercept termites actively attacking the structure and are
the most important inground Station installations you will
make. Therefore choose the number and location of these
Stations carefully. The closer you can place the Stations to
the point of any termite entry into the structure, the higher
the probability that you will intercept the colony and
successfully treat it.
5. If an area of accessible ground is not located within 3m
of a point of known termite entry (due to a surface such as
a concrete slab or paved area), it will be necessary to
create access through that surface, close to the point of
known entry, and establish a Station there. Placing in-
ground Stations with or without the lid directly underneath
pavers is a useful technique.
6. Install Stations at no more than 1.5m from points of
known, suspected or likely termite foraging. Such places
may include areas with concentrations of cellulose-
containing debris, such as mulch or wood scraps in contact
with the ground, areas of moderate soil moisture, shaded
areas, areas containing plant root systems, drain traps,
visible termite foraging tubes, stored firewood, wooden
parts of the structure in contact with the ground, retaining
walls, etc. Station placement near compost mounds is

©Copyright PCT 2017 35
recommended since termites are frequently intercepted
there.
7. Do not underestimate the potential of termites to forage
widely. Termites find the following environmental features
attractive:
1. Timber or cellulose based material with a
moisture content between 12 to 15%.
2. Soil that is aerated so that they can travel easily
and can breathe. They need oxygen as well as aerobic
nitrogen (for creating amino-acids).
3. Soil with organic loading.
4. Soil with 12 to 15% moisture content.
5. Acidic soil (approx. pH6).
Enhance the effectiveness of your stations by recreating
these environmental features. Dig holes larger than the IG
stations (using soil augers to produce tight polished holes
compresses the soil, decreasing the available air and water
and makes the soil harder to travel through. After digging a
bigger hole, remove rubbish and debris. Line the bottom of
the hole with gravel. Place the station in the hole and add
soil with a high organic load or potting mix. Wet the soil, the
timber and the station. This greatly increases the soil
“shadow” of each Inground station.
Soil hole prepared for IG Station.
©Copyright PCT 2017 36
8. Stations may also be placed in subfloor crawl spaces,
preferably close to points of termite entry. This is a
consideration for terrace housing or zero boundary line
properties.
9. Where soil is shallow, the IG station can be installed to
the depth of the termite entry ports so that they are covered
at finished ground level. Soil should be mounded up against
the station, forming the apex of the mound at the station
collar.
STATION PLACEMENT CONSIDERATIONS:
5.6 Out of sight: Wherever possible, place Stations in areas where
they are inconspicuous, to minimize tampering and accidental
damage. Although the Stations are designed to make tampering
more visible, they are not tamper-proof. One of the design features
of the NEMESIS IG Station is the provision for the use of ground
tethers, but they can still be pulled out of the ground. The best way
to reduce this risk is to install Stations out of plain view.
5.7 Inspection access: However, do not place them so they cannot
be readily found during follow-up inspections. The goal is to place
them where they do not draw attention to themselves, but can be
found when necessary. Use fluorescent dots on the wall of the
building or surveyors flags to indicate where concealed Stations are
located, and mark the Station’s position accurately on the Site Plan.
5.8 Lawn Areas: Lawn areas are undesirable for Station placement
for these reasons:
1. Stations are particularly visible.
2. Stations are susceptible to lawnmower damage.
3. Evidence suggests that termite foraging potential is lower in
lawn areas compared to elsewhere.
4. Many types of chemicals are routinely applied to lawns that
may discourage termite foraging.
5.9 Areas of pesticide application: Areas where pesticides,
particularly liquid termiticides, may have been applied to the
ground, such as within 450mm of the foundation wall, should be
avoided. Termiticides (especially bifenthrin) may be repellent and
could seriously undermine the effectiveness of NEMESIS TERMITE
BAIT in controlling termites. If a regular pest management service

©Copyright PCT 2017 37
involving exterior application of pesticides is performed at the
structure, avoid spraying the chemicals anywhere near the Stations.
If common black or brown ants are a problem in a Station,
appropriate control measures around the Station may be
necessary. This can include the use of ant baits (We recommend
InTice™ Sweet Ant Gel), or else boiling water, to discourage ant
activity around the Stations.
5.10 Excessive Moisture: Areas of excessive moisture should be
avoided. If the soil is saturated in an area for a considerable part of
the year, it is unlikely that you will intercept termites there. Termites
will avoid these areas because the soil is saturated. Bait placed in
an area of excessive moisture may become unpalatable to termites
when it becomes saturated with water and/or is affected by decay
fungi. Damp areas are attractive to termites- it is only excessively
moist areas that are not.
CREATING THE IG STATION HOLE
5.13 A power-driven earth auger can be used for drilling holes in
soil, especially in hard, compacted soil situations. However, in most
cases, this procedure is not recommended. Creating holes larger
than the station with hand implements is recommended. You can
use either a hand auger, post hole digger or trenching shovel. Take
into account the location of any concealed services, pipes or
cables. When preparing the hole for the in-ground Station, make the
hole slightly deeper than the Station, thereby creating a sump area
under the installed Station. The NEMESIS IG Station is 102mm wide
at the top. If a 100mm auger is used, a reasonably tight fit should be
achieved if that is required because of conditions on site.
Power and hand soil augers.
©Copyright PCT 2017 38
5.14 Soil displaced by the excavation process must be cleaned up
in exposed areas where Stations are installed. A circular plastic
“collar” can be laid completely around the circumference of the bit
before boring begins, so that excavated dirt will fall onto the collar
as it emerges from the hole. Care must be taken that the collar
does not become entangled in the bit as it rotates. This risk is
minimised if the collar lies flat on the ground and lies no closer than
25mm from the edge of the hole that the auger is forming.
5.15 Excess soil that is not repacked around the Station during
installation remains on the collar. This soil can be placed into a
collection bucket for disposal in another area simply by picking up
the collar. It is useful to carry a supply of clean soil for packing
around in-ground Stations where stones, rocks and rubbish are
removed and more fill is needed.
STATION PLACEMENT/ INSERTION
5.16 Place the two timber inserts into the IG Station, noting the
correct orientation for maximum soil contact (see previous
photograph showing this). It may be useful to drill small holes into
the top of the timber inserts to allow the placement of screw eyes or
cup hooks which could help with removal IF the timber inserts swell
as a result of excess moisture.
5.17 Place the Station in the prepared hole and tamp the earth at
the bottom of the hole with the Station base. Add or remove soil as
necessary to achieve the desired Station depth. The Station can be
placed at almost any depth in the ground; however, the deeper it is
placed, more care must be taken to ensure cover installation and
removal remains easy.
5.18 Press the Station into the hole until the flange makes contact
with and lies on top of finished ground level. Install the Station using
ground tethers if additional security is required. As the Station is
going into the earth, push soil down against the sides of the Station
so that extra earth is placed between the Station and the sides of
the hole. This helps ensure that contact between the earth and the
Station sides is as complete as possible.

©Copyright PCT 2017 39
5.19 Clean up the Station & secure the cover. Locking or
sealing/securing with tamper evident plastic electrical ties is
optional.
IN-CONCRETE STATION INSTALLATION
5.20 Frequently, buildings have concrete paths or paving against
external walls, which will require core drilling in order to place the
Stations in the ground underneath.
5.21 It is necessary to surround the building with Stations every
three metres or so, INCLUDING these concrete areas. The
recommended hole size in concrete is 76mm - 82mm diameter, using
a concrete coring device or drill.
5.22 We recommend that you use a contractor to drill the holes.
(see Concrete Sawing, Drilling, Grinding and Breaking in the Yellow
Pages). You should first determine where you want the Stations to
be placed, taking into account the location of any concealed
services, pipes or cables, and mark with chalk or similar where the
contractor should drill the holes.
5.23 After the concrete is cored, it will be necessary to remove
earth at the bottom of the core to form a larger and deeper bait
cavity. Earth can be removed from the hole with either a drill
mounted or hand auger.
5.24 You might consider investing in your own concrete coring
equipment. A skilled operator can set up and form a single opening
in about five minutes. A source of water is necessary to keep the bit
cool.
Using concrete coring drill for station placement.
©Copyright PCT 2017 40
5.25 After the hole is drilled and the cavity formed, the next step is
putting the timber inserts in place. Depending on how deep the
cavity is, it is possible to place two or more sets of inserts into the
cavity on top of each other. Remember to leave sufficient space to
allow for the placement of NEMESIS TERMITE BAIT on top. If the
sides of the cavity are not stable, wrap material such as unbleached
cardboard around the timber inserts before placing them into the
cavity. Again it may be worthwhile to drill small holes into the top of
the timber inserts to allow placement of screw eyes to assist with
future removal.
5.26 Access to the cavity is then secured using an expandable O-
ring stainless steel plug that provides a waterproof seal for the
cavity. Don’t forget to dispose of the concrete cores properly! It may
be desirable for the client to retain some cores to assist with
plugging the hole in the event of future Station removal.
IC Station stainless steel cap.
MARKING THE LOCATION OF STATIONS
5.27 All Station locations should be clearly marked on an accurate
site map & regularly updated. (We have a downloadable version on
our Nemesis website or on CD).
5.28 Placing a fluorescent adhesive dot on the external wall of the
structure at a point directly opposite the location of the Station is
one method of making future Station location easier. These dots
should be small and inconspicuous. They should be placed slightly
above ground level at a point opposite the Station so that if a
straight line was drawn out at right angles from the wall, the line
would go over the centre of the Station.
5.29 A surveyor’s flag can be installed adjacent to a station for easy
location in areas where vegetation, leaf litter or similar might
normally conceal it.