PiezoDrive PD200X4-V0,200 User manual

PD200X4 V2 Manual 1 Modified 13/01/2021
PD200X4 –Four Channel Power Amplifier
Manual and Specifications
Hardware Version 2
Revision History
Date
Revision
By
Changes
12/01/21
1
KB
Document created

PD200X4 V2 Manual 2 Modified 13/01/2021
Contents
1Introduction ....................................................................................................................................... 3
2Warnings / Notes............................................................................................................................... 3
3Output Voltage Ranges...................................................................................................................... 4
4Output Current .................................................................................................................................. 4
5Specifications ..................................................................................................................................... 5
6Signal Path ......................................................................................................................................... 6
7Bridged Mode .................................................................................................................................... 7
8Overload and Shutdown.................................................................................................................... 8
9Pulse Current Option ......................................................................................................................... 9
10 Power Bandwidth.......................................................................................................................... 10
11 Small Signal Bandwidth................................................................................................................. 12
12 Noise ............................................................................................................................................. 13
13 Front Panel.................................................................................................................................... 14
14 Voltage Limits................................................................................................................................ 15
15 Bias Outputs and Piezo Benders ................................................................................................... 16
16 Rear Panel ..................................................................................................................................... 17
17 Options and Customization .......................................................................................................... 18
18 Rack Mounting .............................................................................................................................. 18
19 Delivery Contents.......................................................................................................................... 18
20 Warranty ....................................................................................................................................... 18

PD200X4 V2 Manual 3 Modified 13/01/2021
1Introduction
The PD200X4 is a four-channel linear amplifier for driving piezoelectric actuators and other loads. The
output voltage range can be unipolar, bipolar, or asymmetric from 50V to 200V. Up to +/-200V can be
achieved using two channels with a bridged load. Refer to the specifications table for the available
output voltage ranges. Front panel switches and dedicated connectors for independent and bridged
loads make it easy to switch between four independent channels and two bridged channels with
double the voltage range.
The PD200X4 can drive any load impedance including unlimited capacitive loads such as stack
actuators; standard piezoelectric actuators; two wire benders; and three-wire piezoelectric benders
requiring a bias voltage. Bias voltages can be generated using two auxiliary outputs linked to the
power supply voltages, or by using an amplifier channel with a constant DC offset.
A range of user controls and ordering options are available to provide maximum application
flexibility. The DC offset of each channel can be controlled by a front panel potentiometer, or can be
fixed to zero as an option. The maximum positive and negative output voltages can be restricted
using two front panel potentiometers. A 15-pin DSUB connector on the front panel includes signals
for inputs, voltage monitors, current monitors, temperature measurement, a digital status output,
and a digital shutdown input.
The output connectors include BNC for independent channels, LEMO 0B for bridged channels, and a
plug-in screw terminal. The PD200X4 is suited to a wide range of applications including electro-optics,
ultrasonics, vibration control, nanopositioning systems, and piezoelectric motors.
Compatible Actuators
Stack Actuators
Up to +200V (4 Channels)
Plates and Tubes
+/-100V or +200V with a grounded load (4 Channels)
+/-200V with a bridged load (2 Channels)
Two Wire Benders
+/-100V or +200V with a grounded load (4 Channels)
+/-200V with a bridged load (2 Channels)
Three Wire Benders
Up to +200V with +200V bias (4 Channels + Bias source)
+/-100V with +/-100V bias (4 Channels + 2 Bias sources)
2Warnings / Notes
This device produces hazardous potentials and requires suitably
qualified personnel with an observer trained in first-aid training. Do not
operate the device when there are exposed conductors.

PD200X4 V2 Manual 4 Modified 13/01/2021
3Output Voltage Ranges
The desired output voltage range is specified when ordering. The output voltage ranges and
associated current limits are listed below. A voltage range equal to, or greater than, the load
requirements is recommended as the maximum and minimum output voltages can be reduced using
the front panel controls.
Output
Voltage
Bridge
Mode
Peak to Peak
Voltage
RMS
Current
Peak
Current
Order
Code
0 to +200 V
200 V
0.57 A
2 A
PD200X4-V0,200
0 to +150 V
150 V
0.91 A
2 A
PD200X4-V0,150
0 to +100 V
100 V
1.20 A
2 A
PD200X4-V0,100
-50 to +150 V
200V
0.57 A
2 A
PD200X4-V50,150
-50 to +100 V
150 V
0.91 A
2 A
PD200X4-V50,100
-50 to +50 V
+/-100 V
100 V
1.20 A
2 A
PD200X4-V50,50
-100 to +100 V
+/-200 V
200V
0.57 A
2 A
PD200X4-V100,100
-100 to +50 V
150 V
0.91 A
2 A
PD200X4-V100,50
Table 1. Voltage range configurations.
4Output Current
The peak and average output current of each channel is listed in Table 1. The RMS current limit
defines the maximum frequency that is achievable with a capacitive load. Numerical values and an
online calculator can be found in Section 10.
In addition to the current limits on each channel, the total RMS current is limited to 2.6 Arms.
Exceeding this limit will result in an overload condition on all channels, or a temporary reduction in
output voltage.
During short circuit, the output current is limited to the rated maximum. The peak current can be
drawn for up to five milliseconds before the output is disabled for approximately three seconds. The
average current limit has a time-constant of 30 milliseconds and is reset 100 milliseconds after a
previous current pulse.
High peak currents are available using the –PULSE option, which is described in Section 9.

PD200X4 V2 Manual 5 Modified 13/01/2021
5Specifications
The amplifier specifications depend on the peak-to-peak output voltage listed in Table 1.
Electrical Specifications (per Channel)
Output Voltage (Peak to Peak)
100 Vp-p
150 Vp-p
200 Vp-p
Peak Current
2 A
2 A
2 A
RMS Current*
1.2 A
0.91 A
0.57 A
Pulse Current (optional)
10.0 A
10.0 A
10.0 A
Power Bandwidth
470 kHz
310 kHz
230 kHz
Gain
20 V/V (Custom gain available)
Slew Rate
150 V/us
Signal Bandwidth
680 kHz
Load
Any
Noise
714 uV RMS (10uF Load, 0.03 Hz to 1 MHz)
Protection
Continuous short-circuit, thermal
Voltage Monitor
1/20 V/V
Current Monitor
1 V/A
Analog Input
+/-10 V , Zin = 100k, protected up to +/-20V
Output Connectors
BNC, Screw Terminals, LEMO 0B
Power Supply
90 Vac to 250 Vac
Mechanical Specifications
Environment
0-40 C (32-104 F) Non-condensing humidity
Dimensions**
212 x 304.8 x 88 mm (8.35 x 12 x 3.46 in)
Weight
2 kg (4.4 lb)
* For AC signals greater than 100 Hz. The total RMS current limit for all four channels is 2.6 Arms,
which can occur with 100 Vp-p and 150 Vp-p models, or with large load capacitances with a power
bandwidth less than 100 Hz.
**A 3D Model is available at www.piezodrive.com

PD200X4 V2 Manual 6 Modified 13/01/2021
6Signal Path
The signal paths for channels 1 and 2 are shown in Figure 1, which are identical to channels 3 and 4.
The signal path includes a DC offset and voltage limit, which are set by front panel controls. The DC
offset function can be disabled with the –OSD option, e.g. order code PD200X4-V100,100-OSD.
Channels 1 (and 3) have a fixed non-inverting gain; however, channels 2 (and 4) can be switched
between independent non-inverting channels, or inverting channels that are connected to channel 1
(or 3). This function is useful for driving bridged loads, which is discussed in the following section.
Figure 1. Signal path for channels 1 and 2, which is identical to channels 3 and 4.
CH1 Front Panel DC Offset
(Disabled with –OSD option)
Voltage
Limit
20
CH2 Front Panel DC Offset
(Disabled with –OSD option)
Voltage
Limit
20
-1
Channel 1
Input
Channel 2
Input
Channel 1
Output
Channel 2
Output
Bridge Mode
Switch
CH1 Power
Amplifier
CH2 Power
Amplifier
Bridge Mode
Output A

PD200X4 V2 Manual 7 Modified 13/01/2021
7Bridged Mode
In bridged mode, two channels are connected in series to double the output voltage range and
power. For example, the PD200X4-V100,100 has four independent channels with a range of +/-100 V.
When the Bridge Mode switch is enabled, channel 2 is inverting, which results in +/-200 V across the
load. Therefore, the effective voltage gain is doubled to 40.
In bridged mode, the load is connected between the outputs of two channels and is not connected to
ground. Grounded loads cannot be driven using bridged mode. Care should be taken not to connect
the negative side (channel 2 and 4) to ground accidentally, for example, by using a grounded
oscilloscope probe.
Figure 2. Bridged load configuration to obtain +/-200 V using two +/-100 V channels. Note that the
inputs to channel 2 (and 4) are not used. The offset and voltage limit is not shown for simplicity.
In bridged mode, the overload conditions for both channels are linked. For example, if channels 1 and
2 are operated in bridged mode, an overload condition in either channel will trigger a shutdown in
both channels.
The current limits in bridge mode are identical to the single channel limits. The power bandwidth
calculator in Section 10 can also be used for predicting bridge-mode performance; however, the load
capacitance used in the calculator must be doubled, and all of the voltages refer to a single channel.
For example, consider a PD200X4-V100,100 used to drive a 1uF load with +/-200V in bridged mode.
The correct calculator inputs are shown in Figure 3.
20
20
-1
Channel 1
Input
Bridge Mode
Switch
5V
100V
100V
200V
Voltage across load
Output A

PD200X4 V2 Manual 8 Modified 13/01/2021
Figure 3. Calculator inputs for driving a bridged 1uF load with +/-200V.
The recommended order codes for bridge-mode operation are listed in Table 2. Note that any
PD200X4 amplifier can be operated with a bridged load; however, asymmetric voltage ranges (e.g. 0V
to +200V) require the inversion function to be implemented externally. That is, the channels are
operated as single channels. For simplicity with bridged loads, it is recommend to set the DC Offset of
all channels to zero using the –OSD option.
Bridge Mode
Output
Single Channel
Output
RMS
Current
Peak
Current
Recommended
Order Code
+/-100 V
-50 to +50 V
1.20 A
2 A
PD200X4-V50,50-OSD
+/-200 V
-100 to +100 V
0.57 A
2 A
PD200X4-V100,100-OSD
Table 2. Recommended amplifier configurations for bridged mode operation.
8Overload and Shutdown
Each channel is protected against short-circuit, over-current, and over-temperature. During these
conditions, the effected outputs are disabled and the overload indicator will illuminate. An overload
on any channel is also reported by a logic high on the FAULT signal, located on the auxiliary signals
connector.
At turn-on, some or all of the overload indicators may illuminate briefly.
An over-temperature condition will disable all channels for a few seconds until the temperature
returns to a safe level. If this occurs, ensure the air intake and exhaust are not obstructed.
The amplifier can be shut down by an external source by applying a voltage of between +3V and +24V
to the DISABLE signal on the auxiliary signals connector. The input impedance of the shutdown input
is approximately 10 kΩ.

PD200X4 V2 Manual 9 Modified 13/01/2021
9Pulse Current Option
For applications that require a high peak current, the peak current limit can be increased to 10 Amps
by appending the order code with “-PULSE”, e.g. “PD200X4-V0,200-PULSE”. In this configuration, the
average current limit remains the same; however, the peak current limit is increased to 10 Amps and
the maximum pulse duration is reduced to the time listed in Table 3. The peak-to-peak output voltage
range is listed in Table 1.
Peak-to-Peak Output Voltage
Pulse Current
Pulse Time
200 V
10 A
100 us
150 V
10 A
150 us
100 V
10 A
400 us
50 V
10 A
400 us
Table 3. Maximum peak current duration in the pulse configuration
For a current pulse less than the peak current limit, the increased duration is described in Figure 4.
Figure 4. Maximum pulse duration versus peak current and peak-to-peak output voltage range

PD200X4 V2 Manual 10 Modified 13/01/2021
10 Power Bandwidth
Launch Online Power Bandwidth Calculator
The online power bandwidth calculator takes into account the current limit, slew-rate, output
impedance, and small-signal bandwidth.
With a capacitive load, the RMS current for a sine-wave is
 


where 
 is the peak-to-peak output voltage, is the load capacitance and is the frequency.
Therefore the maximum frequency for a given RMS current limit 󰇛󰇜capacitance, and voltage is

 

 
The above equation is also true for any periodic waveform, including triangle waves and square
waves.
The ‘power bandwidth’ is the maximum frequency at full output voltage. When the amplifier output
is open-circuit, the power bandwidth is limited by the slew-rate; however, with a capacitive load, the
maximum frequency is limited by the RMS current and load capacitance. The power bandwidth for a
range of capacitive loads is listed below.
Load Capacitance
100V Range
150V Range
200V Range
No Load
470 kHz*
310 kHz*
230 kHz*
10 nF
470 kHz*
270 kHz
130 kHz
30 nF
180 kHz
91 kHz
43 kHz
100 nF
56 kHz
27 kHz
13 kHz
300 nF
18 kHz
9.1 kHz
4.3 kHz
1 uF
5.6 kHz
2.7 kHz
1.3 kHz
3 uF
1.8 kHz
910 Hz
430 Hz
10 uF
560 Hz
270 Hz
130 Hz
Table 4. Power bandwidth versus load capacitance and output voltage span
In the above table, the frequencies limited by slew-rate are marked with an asterisk, and the
frequencies limited by small-signal bandwidth are marked with a double asterisk. The slew-rate is
approximately 150 V/uS which implies a maximum frequency of
  

