Proxim Lynx.GX 4T Programming manual

Part Number 64352v1r2
Lynx.GX
Installation and Management
Models 4T, 4E-BNC, 4E, 8T, 8E, 16T

Lynx.GX Installation and Management
First Edition, January 2004
Copyright and Service Marks
Copyright © 2004 by Proxim Corp. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced without prior
written permission from Proxim Corp.
The information contained in this book is subject to change without notice. Proxim shall not be liable for errors
contained herein or for incidental or consequential damages in connection with the furnishing, performance, or
use of this book or equipment supplied with this book. Proxim makes no warranty of any kind with regard to this
book or any equipment supplied with this book, including, but not limited to, the implied warranties of
merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose.
Tsunami™ and Tsunami.GX are trademarks of Proxim Corporation.
Lynx™ and Lynx.GX™ are trademarks of Proxim Corporation.
OpenView® is a registered trademark of Hewlett Packard Corporation.
Windows® is a registered trademark of Microsoft Corporation.
Other names are trademarks of their respective owners.
Y2K (Year 2000 Issue): All software supplied by and for Proxim products adhere to the 4-digit year
nomenclature as required for Year 2000 compliance.
Regulatory Notice
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital device, pursuant to part
15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference
when the equipment is operated in a commercial environment. This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate
radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instruction manual, may cause
harmful interference to radio communications. Operation of this equipment in a residential area is likely to cause
harmful interference in which case the user will be required to correct the interference at his own expense.
Shielded cables and I/O cords must be used for this equipment to comply wit the relevant FCC regulations.
Changes or modifications not expressly approved in writing by Proxim may void the user’s authority to operate
this equipment.
This device complies with Part 15 of FCC rules and RSS-210 of Industry Canada. Operation is subject to the
following two conditions: (1) this device may not cause interference, and (2) this device must accept any
interference, including interference that may cause undesired operation of the device.
WARNING!
This device must be professionally installed. Instructions for setting the transmitter RF output power are
referenced in “Adjust Output Power” on page 27. This device is to be used exclusively for fixed point-
to-point operation that employs directional antennas. Be sure to read “Product Safety Instructions”
above before installing this product.
Notices 2

Lynx.GX Installation and Management
Product Safety Instructions
This product must be installed, used, and maintained by experienced telecommunications personnel only.
When installed, this equipment is to be connected to a lightning/surge protection device that meets all applicable
national safety requirements.
WARNING!
To avoid injury, risk of fire, and damage, do not connect this product directly to an antenna. Ensure that
proper lightning isolation also is provided between this unit and other equipment.
Equipment is to be used and powered by the type of power source indicated on the marking label only.
Lynx.GX radios are intended to be connected to a ±24 VDC or ±48 VDC power source, which must be
electrically isolated from any AC sources and reliably earthed.
Only a DC power source that complies with the Safety Extra Low Voltage (SELV) requirements in the Standard
for the Safety of Information Technology Equipment, including Electrical Business Equipment, CAN/CSA C22.2,
No. 950-95 * UL 1950, Third Edition, can be used with this product.
A 5-Amp circuit breaker or fuse is required at the DC power source. If using the Proxim optional power supply
(P/N 201-31075-1), use a 15-Amp circuit breaker or fuse on the AC input. In addition, an easily an easily
accessible disconnect device should be incorporated into the facility wiring.
Always use copper conductors only for all power connections.
Do not connect or disconnect the power cable to the equipment when the other end of the cable is connected to
the DC power supply.
WARNING! This product must be serviced by trained personnel only.
Do not:
▪Disassemble this product. Opening or removing any covers voids the warranty for this product.
Furthermore, by opening or removing any covers, you could expose yourself to hazardous energy parts.
Incorrect reassembly of this product can cause a malfunction or electrical shock when the unit subsequently
is used.
▪Insert any objects of any shape or size inside this product while powered. Objects could contact hazardous
energy parts, resulting in a risk of fire or personal injury.
▪Spill any liquids of any kind on or inside this product.
▪Cover or block any of the openings (to protect this product from overheating). Side and top cover openings
on the IDU are provided for ventilation.
Always ensure the following:
▪That sufficient space is provided surrounding this product.
This product can be installed in a standard 19-inch rack. Check the size and clearance requirements for this
product and ensure that enough clearance is provided for installation. Consideration should be given to the
mechanical loading of the rack and the equipment to avoid potential hazards.
▪If this product is to be powered from the same source as other units, ensure that the power supply circuit is
not overloaded.
▪When installed in a rack, always ensure that proper air flow is provided for this product. Mount as shown in
this manual.
▪If you are using a standard telephone (for orderwire function) not provided by Proxim with this product,
ensure that the telephone has a ringing equivalency specification of 1.0 Baud and is a UL-Listed (ITE)
device that has been evaluated to the Standard for the Safety of Information Technology Equipment,
including Electrical Business Equipment, CAN/CSA C22.2, No. 950-85 * UL 1950, Third Edition.
The maximum room ambient temperature for the IDU is 50°C. When installed in a closed or multi-unit rack,
consideration should be given to installing this equipment in an environment compatible with the maximum room
ambient temperature.
Equipment is suitable for mounting on concrete or other noncombustible surfaces only.
Notices 3

Lynx.GX Installation and Management
Contents
PRODUCT SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS ............................................................................................................. 3
CONTENTS....................................................................................................................................................... 4
Figures........................................................................................................................................................ 5
CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................................... 6
Intended Audience...................................................................................................................................... 6
Equipment Features ................................................................................................................................... 6
Planning for Installation .............................................................................................................................. 7
Troubleshooting Hints................................................................................................................................. 7
CHAPTER 2. INSTALLING THE IDU AND RFU ............................................................................................ 8
Step 1. Gather Required Tools.................................................................................................................. 8
Step 2. Unpack Shipping Box Contents .................................................................................................... 9
Step 3. Test Radios Back-to-Back........................................................................................................... 11
Step 4. Install the Radio Units ................................................................................................................. 14
Step 5. Install and Adjust the Antenna .................................................................................................... 18
Step 6. Establish Connections................................................................................................................. 22
Step 7. Adjust Output Power ................................................................................................................... 27
Step 8. Establish a Link Between the Radios.......................................................................................... 28
Step 9. Establish Near-End to Far-End Communications using Orderwire (optional) ............................ 31
CHAPTER 3. MANAGING THE LYNX.GX.................................................................................................... 32
Managing with the Web Interface ............................................................................................................. 33
Managing with SNMP ............................................................................................................................... 44
Managing with Telnet................................................................................................................................ 44
Maintaining the Radio............................................................................................................................... 45
APPENDIX A. INSTALLATION PLANNING................................................................................................. 46
Site Selection............................................................................................................................................ 46
Availability................................................................................................................................................. 47
Fade Margin.............................................................................................................................................. 47
Useful Path Calculations........................................................................................................................... 48
Equipment Co-Location ............................................................................................................................ 52
Planning for and Selecting IF Cable ......................................................................................................... 53
Planning for Antenna and RF Transmission Line Installation................................................................... 54
APPENDIX B. WEB INTERFACE WINDOWS AND FIELD DESCRIPTIONS ............................................. 56
Device Tab—Accessing Radio Information .............................................................................................. 56
Interface Configuration Tab—Modifying T1/E1 Interface Configurations................................................ 57
System Configuration Tab—Configuring Tx Power, Security Link ID, and Tx Channel Plan .................. 58
Status Tab—Viewing Current Status........................................................................................................ 59
Alarms Tab—Monitoring Link Status ........................................................................................................ 61
Log Tab—Viewing Status and Alarms...................................................................................................... 62
Contact Tab—Viewing Support Information ............................................................................................. 64
Administration Tab—Changing System Passwords, Date, and Time ...................................................... 64
APPENDIX C. LYNX.GX FRONT PANEL AND CONNECTIONS ................................................................ 69
Models ...................................................................................................................................................... 69
Basic Specifications.................................................................................................................................. 69
Channel Plans .......................................................................................................................................... 70
Lynx.GX Front Panel ................................................................................................................................ 71
Front Panel Common Connectors, Indicators and Controls..................................................................... 72
APPENDIX D. CONNECTORS AND PIN ASSIGNMENTS .......................................................................... 75
IDU Main Traffic T1/E1 Connectors.......................................................................................................... 75
IDU VF Port .............................................................................................................................................. 76
IDU Aux Data Port Connector (DCE port) ................................................................................................ 77
IDU NMS Port Connectors........................................................................................................................ 78
IDU Alarm Port Connector........................................................................................................................ 79
IDU Configuration Port Connector (DTE port) .......................................................................................... 80
IDU Orderwire Port Connector ................................................................................................................. 81
Contents 4

Lynx.GX Installation and Management
IDU/RFU Cable Connector and Pin Assignment......................................................................................81
RSL and GND Connectors on IDU ........................................................................................................... 82
RFU/Antenna Connector and Pin Assignment ......................................................................................... 82
RFU RSL/Tone and Pin Assignment ........................................................................................................ 83
APPENDIX E. SPARES AND ACCESSORIES ............................................................................................ 84
APPENDIX F. LYNX.GX SPECIFICATIONS ................................................................................................ 85
Lynx.GX 4T/4E (5.8 GHz) Specifications ................................................................................................. 85
Lynx.GX 8T (ISM) Specifications.............................................................................................................. 86
Lynx.GX 8E (ISM) Specifications ............................................................................................................. 87
Lynx.GX 16T Specifications ..................................................................................................................... 88
Detailed Lynx.GX Specifications .............................................................................................................. 89
APPENDIX G. TROUBLESHOOTING .......................................................................................................... 93
Changing Frequency Plans ...................................................................................................................... 93
Counteracting and Evaluating Interference .............................................................................................. 93
Troubleshooting Alarms............................................................................................................................ 95
Troubleshooting the Web Interface Management Tool ............................................................................ 98
Repair Policy............................................................................................................................................. 99
TECHNICAL SUPPORT ...............................................................................................................................100
Enhanced Warranty Packages ............................................................................................................... 100
WARRANTY .................................................................................................................................................101
ACRONYMS / GLOSSARY ..........................................................................................................................103
FIGURES
Figure 1. Back-to-Back Test Configuration .................................................................................................... 12
Figure 2. Link Testing..................................................................................................................................... 13
Figure 3. Loopback Mode .............................................................................................................................. 13
Figure 4. Daisy Chaining NMS Connections at a Hub Location .................................................................... 34
Figure 5. Port Connector Layout for 16 T1 Ports ........................................................................................... 75
Figure 6. VF Plug Pin Assignments ............................................................................................................... 76
Figure 7. Aux Plug Pin Assignments.............................................................................................................. 77
Figure 8. NMS Plug Pin Assignment.............................................................................................................. 78
Figure 9. Alarm Plug Pin Assignment ............................................................................................................ 79
Figure 10. Configuration Plug Pin Assignments ............................................................................................ 80
Figure 11. Orderwire RJ-11 Modular Plug (typical termination).................................................................... 81
Figure 12. IDU/RFU Cable Connector ........................................................................................................... 81
Figure 13. RSL and GND Connectors on IDU ............................................................................................... 82
Figure 14. Antenna Type N Female Front Panel Connector .........................................................................82
Figure 15. Antenna Type N Male Connector ................................................................................................. 82
Figure 16. RSL/Tone BNC Female Panel Connector .................................................................................... 83
Figure 17. RSL/Tone BNC Male Connector to DVM or Headphone.............................................................. 83
Contents 5

Lynx.GX Installation and Management
Chapter 1. Introduction
Proxim Corporation introduces the GX platform of wireless T1 or E1 radio products—Lynx.GX. The split-box
design lets you install both units indoors, or one unit indoors (the IDU, or Indoor Unit) and one unit outdoors (the
RF Unit, or RFU).
The units can be mounted in a 19-inch or 23-inch rack; each unit is 1.75” high, occupying one rack unit (RU).
Two pieces fit in two RU spaces for indoor installation, or you can mount the RFU outdoors on a tower or pole.
The IDU and RFU are connected with a single coaxial cable that carries power, telemetry, TX IF and RX IF
signals; the antenna is connected to the RF unit with a coaxial cable. Outdoor placement of the RFU can
directly contribute to significant cost savings of cable and antennas, improved system availability, and enhanced
path performance.
A standardized and easy-to-use interface is provided, with a full network management system (NMS) for remote
equipment management.
INTENDED AUDIENCE
This book is designed for network engineers and field service personnel responsible for installing, maintaining,
and troubleshooting the Lynx.GX radios. It is assumed you have an understanding of networks in general and a
basic understanding of the following subjects:
▪Microwave fundamentals
▪Antenna systems
▪Transmission line systems
▪Electrical grounding
▪Microwave test equipment
▪T1, E1, DS-3
▪Ethernet, Fast Ethernet
▪IP networking
EQUIPMENT FEATURES
The following features apply to the Lynx.GX product series:
▪Split-box design with IDU and RFU for addressing budget, maintenance, and performance requirements
▪User-selectable frequency plans (for those models that support more than one frequency plan)
▪Full-featured Fault and Configuration Management through Web browser, SNMP, Telnet, or serial
connection
▪Advanced diagnostics (such as RSL time-strip charting and alarm logging) for troubleshooting the
equipment and the microwave path, including a spectrum analyzer to check remote transmitter function and
possible interference
▪Auxiliary interfaces include a serial data port and orderwire connection (VF bridge)
▪Link ID authentication algorithm to ensure highly secure link transmission.
Chapter 1. Introduction 6

Lynx.GX Installation and Management
PLANNING FOR INSTALLATION
There are several planning factors to be considered prior to installing the radio system. In addition to selecting
the installation site, you must:
Calculate:
º Required RSL and fade margin to achieve availability objectives
º Required path availability
º Anticipated Multi-Path Reflection Points
Determine:
º System Frequency Plan
º Required Antenna Size and Type
º Required Antenna Mounting Height to obtain proper Path Clearance
º Required Transmission Line Types and Lengths
Plan for:
º The unit’s continuous power consumption needs
º Antenna installation
º Lightning protection and system grounding
º Radio hardware mounting
º Cable installation including egress
º Pre-testing Radio Equipment (back-to-back test procedure)
For detailed information regarding these planning items, see “Installation Planning” on page 46.
TROUBLESHOOTING HINTS
▪Most common problems are poor transmission line connector terminations.
º Best way to test is a return loss measurement (VSWR).
º Basic function can be tested using a continuity and short test with DMM.
º The transmission line can be evaluated with a network analyzer connected to both ends of cable
through the cable and comparing when spectrum analyzer is connected directly to the radio without the
cable.
º Transmission line loss can be evaluated with a back-to-back Receive Signal Level (RSL) test.
º “Tap and wiggle” testing of all terminations while monitoring RSL and alarms can expose poor
terminations.
▪Could be a faulty antenna.
º Very hard to tell without swapping.
º VSWR test on antenna feed can identify antenna problems.
º “Tap” test can expose a faulty feed for moisture or connector problems.
▪Could be a faulty radio.
º Back-to-back RSL testing normally exposes a faulty radio.
▪Could be a path obstruction or multipath reflection
º Re-evaluate path clearance including Fresnel zone criteria.
º Driving or walking the path may be required to identify potential obstructions.
º Re-check path calculations for multipath reflection points along the paths
Chapter 1. Introduction 7

Lynx.GX Installation and Management
Chapter 2. Installing the IDU and RFU
The following sections describe how to install the GX radios.
▪Step 1. Gather Required Tools (below)
▪Step 2. Unpack the Remaining Contents of Shipping Box (on page 9)
▪Step 3. Test the Radios Back-to-Back (on page 11)
▪Step 4. Install the Radio Units (on page 14)
▪Step 5. Install and Adjust the Antenna (on page 18)
▪Step 6. Establish Connections (on page 22)
▪Step 7. Adjust Output Power (on page 27)
▪Step 8. Establish a Link Between the Radios (on page 28)
▪Step 9. Establish near-end to far-end Communications Using Orderwire (optional) (on page 31)
STEP 1. GATHER REQUIRED TOOLS
The following sections list the tools required when installing the radios.
IDU Installation Tools (Indoor)
You must obtain the following tools before installing the IDU:
▪Phillips (cross-tip) screwdrivers (for 19-inch rack-mounting and attachment of brackets)
▪Small blade (1/8”) standard screwdriver (for power supply connector)
▪Wire crimpers (if using any 8-pin modular 2-wire or 4-wire connectors that are not pre-made)
▪Soldering iron (if using any D-type connector)
▪Adjustable 6” wrench to attach the chassis ground wire (7/16” for RFU and ¼” for IDU)
No additional tools are required from the above list if the RFU is mounted indoors.
RF Unit Installation Tools (Outdoor)
You must obtain the following before installing the RF Unit outdoors:
▪RFU outdoor mounting kit (NOT INCLUDED WITH SHIPMENT; order separately)
▪Adjustable 6-inch wrench (for installing the mounting bolts)
▪Large blade standard screwdriver (for pole mounting clamps)
▪Additional weatherproofing material for sealing the IDU and antenna connectors. (Butyl tape supplied with
RFU mounting kit.)
Test and Configuration Tools
The following tools, which are necessary and useful to have available for testing and configuring the radios:
Digital Multi Meter..................................................... To measure RSL, DC power, and for antenna alignment
RF power meter........................................................ To measure transmitter output power.
Cellular telephone or 2-way radio ............................. For talking with far-end crew and tower crew.
Bit Error Rate test set ............................................... To test link after installation.
Computer* ............................................................... For NMS access.
Pair of touch-tone telephones 1.4 B or less REN ..... To test Orderwire circuits and for communication with far-end.
*with 10/100 Ethernet Network Interface Card, CAT5 cross-over cable, and Internet browser
Chapter 2. Installing the IDU and RFU 8

Lynx.GX Installation and Management
Additional tools may be needed for antenna and transmission line installation and antenna alignment as well as
the lightning arrestor mounting and grounding. Consult the antenna manufacturer documentation and review
“Installing and Adjusting the Antenna” on page 18.
STEP 2. UNPACK SHIPPING BOX CONTENTS
The boxes should be left intact and sheltered until arrival at the installation site.
If the shipping container shows signs of damage, notify the transportation company immediately. Upon receipt,
inspect contents to make sure no parts are missing or damaged.
You should retain all the packaging materials (including all internal boxes). In the unlikely event that you must
return the equipment to the factory, use the original packing materials for return shipment. The packaging
materials also are recommended for transporting the equipment from location to location.
Shipment Contents
Each Lynx.GX shipment includes one GX Indoor Unit (IDU), one GX RF Unit (RFU), and an installation
accessory kit, as shown in the tables below.
RF Unit
Indoor Unit
Lynx.GX 4xT1
Lynx.GX 4T 5.8 GHz ISM System
Hi, Model 51850-10H0 (Item 62292) Low, Model 51850-10L0 (Item 62291)
Item # Description Item # Description
62290 Lynx.GX 4T1 Indoor Unit 62290 Lynx.GX 4T1 Indoor Unit
62138 Lynx.GX 5.8 GHz Hi RF Unit 62137 Lynx.GX 5.8 GHz Low RF Unit
67262 GX RFU Indoor Installation Kit 67262 GX RFU Indoor Installation Kit
67263 GX IDU Installation Kit 67263 GX IDU Installation Kit
Lynx.GX 4xE1 Balanced (RJ48C)
Lynx.GX 4E 5.8 GHz ISM System
Hi, Model 301-51850-20H0 (Item 62295) Low, Model 301-51850-20L0 (Item 62294)
Item # Description Item # Description
62293 Lynx.GX 4E Indoor Unit, Balanced, RJ48C 62293 Lynx.GX 4E Indoor Unit, Balanced, RJ48C
62138 Lynx.GX 5.8 GHz Hi RF Unit 62137 Lynx.GX 5.8 GHz Low RF Unit
67262 GX RFU Indoor Installation Kit 67262 GX RFU Indoor Installation Kit
67263 GX IDU Installation Kit 67263 GX IDU Installation Kit
Chapter 2. Installing the IDU and RFU 9

Lynx.GX Installation and Management
Lynx.GX 4xE1 Unbalanced (BNC)
Lynx.GX 4E 5.8 GHz ISM System
Hi, Model 301-51850-30H0 (Item #64751) Low, Model 301-51850-30L0 (Item #64749)
Item # Description Item # Description
64750 Lynx.GX 4E1 Indoor Unit, Unbal., BNC 64750 Lynx.GX 4E1 Indoor Unit, Unbal., BNC
62138 Lynx.GX 5.8 GHz Hi RF Unit 62137 Lynx.GX 5.8 GHz Low RF Unit
67262 GX RFU Indoor Installation Kit 67262 GX RFU Indoor Installation Kit
67263 GX IDU Installation Kit 67263 GX IDU Installation Kit
Lynx.GX 8xT1
Lynx.GX 8T1 5.8 GHz ISM System
Hi (Model 301-51145-10H0—Item #62142) Low (Model 301-51145-10L0—Item #62139)
Item # Description Item # Description
62135 Lynx.GX 8T Indoor Unit 62135 Lynx.GX 8T Indoor Unit
62138 Lynx.GX 5.8 GHz ISM, Hi RF Unit 62137 Lynx.GX 5.8 GHz Low RF Unit
67262 GX RFU Indoor Installation Kit 67262 GX RFU Indoor Installation Kit
67263 GX IDU Installation Kit 67263 GX IDU Installation Kit
Lynx.GX 8xE1 Balanced (RJ48C)
Lynx.GX 8E1 5.8 GHz ISM System
Hi (Model 301-51145-20H0—Item #62145) Low (Model 301-51145-20L0—Item #62144)
Item # Description Item # Description
62143 Lynx.GX 8E Indoor Unit, Balanced, RJ48C 62143 Lynx.GX 8E Indoor Unit, Balanced, RJ48C
62138 Lynx.GX 5.8 GHz Hi RF Unit 62137 Lynx.GX 5.8 GHz Low RF Unit
67262 GX RFU Indoor Installation Kit 67262 GX RFU Indoor Installation Kit
67263 GX IDU Installation Kit 67263 GX IDU Installation Kit
Lynx.GX 16xT1
Lynx.GX 16T1 5.8 GHz ISM System
Hi, (Model 301-52290-10H0, Item 62286) Low, (Model 301-52290-10L0, Item 62284)
Item # Description Item # Description
62285 Lynx.GX 16T1 Indoor Unit 62285 Lynx.GX 16T1 Indoor Unit
62138 Lynx.GX 5.8 GHz ISM, Hi RF Unit 62137 Lynx.GX 5.8 GHz ISM, Low RF Unit
67262 GX RFU Indoor Installation Kit 67262 GX RFU Indoor Installation Kit
67263 GX IDU Installation Kit 67263 GX IDU Installation Kit
Chapter 2. Installing the IDU and RFU 10

Lynx.GX Installation and Management
GX Installation Kits
Item Contents Qty.
GX RFU Installation Kit GX RFU Rack Mount Kit (see “Sub-Contents” below)(19” or 23”)
RFU Grounding Cable
1
1
GX IDU Installation Kit GX IDU Rack Mount Kit (see “Sub-Contents” below)(19” or 23”)
IDU Grounding Cable
IDU-to-RFU Interface Cable 12”
IDU DC Power Cord with CD 3-Pin Terminal Block
Custom Cable Kit RJ-45 (see “Sub-Contents” below)
Custom Cable Kit DB9 (see “Sub-Contents” below)
Rubber Table Mount Feet
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
Documentation and
Software CD-ROM
Release Notes, Installation and Maintenance Manual, Quick Install Guide, MIBs 1
GX Quick Install Guide printed 1
Sub-Contents
Item Contents Qty.
GX IDU Rack Mount Kit (19” or 23”) “L” IDU Rack Mount Brackets
2-inch Extender Brackets
GX Rack Mount Screw Pack (see below)
2
2
1
GX RFU Rack Mount Kit (19” or 23”) L” RFU Rack Mount Brackets
2-inch Extender Brackets
GX Rack Mount Screw Pack (see below)
2
2
1
GX Rack Mount Screw Pack Rack Mount Screws
Small Extender Bracket Screws
4
8
Custom Cable Kit RJ-45 RJ-45 Connectors 2
Custom Cable Kit DB9 Metal DB9 Connectors
DB9 Cable Sheaths
1
1
STEP 3. TEST RADIOS BACK-TO-BACK
Before installing the radios, Proxim recommends a back-to-back test of the radio pair. Back-to-back testing is a
simple way to verify that the radios are fully operational before they are installed. The process of installation
adds several variables that can lead to system turn-up delays during troubleshooting (such as antenna
alignment, cabling, and path dynamics). By pre-testing the radios, you reduce the chance of the radios being
the cause of system turn-up problems, and you can focus on other factors, such as the transmission line,
antenna alignment, and path clearance.
Note: Back-to-back testing must be performed to verify a radio problem before returning any radio to the
factory for repair.
Chapter 2. Installing the IDU and RFU 11

Lynx.GX Installation and Management
Required Equipment for Test
Back-to-back testing must be performed with both radios at the same location. The following test equipment is
required:
▪DC power source capable of supplying approximately 200 Watts (total) to the radios (or two radio AC
adapters)
▪One low-loss coaxial cable, N-to-N male
▪One (or more) coaxial in-line fixed attenuators, 50 to 100 dB total attenuation
The following test equipment may also be useful for further testing of the radio:
▪Bit Error Rate (BER) tester
▪Variable RF attenuator (60 dB range or more, rated for the proper frequency, 5.8 GHz) or several fixed
attenuators totaling 100 dB.
▪RF power meter
Back-to-Back Test Configuration
When the equipment is connected as shown in the following figure, both radios should have no alarm
conditions. (Data Input and AIS OUT are exceptions, if any of the T1/E1 channels are not connected.) If these
conditions have been met, it is likely that the radio is operating in accordance to specifications. If errors or
alarms occur during this test, verify alarm status. If alarms or errors are still present, one or both of the radio
terminals is likely to be faulty.
Figure 1. Back-to-Back Test Configuration
It can be helpful to insert a variable RF attenuator between the radios to fade down the path to determine that
the threshold specification is being met. You can run the threshold tests in both directions to isolate the radio
problem (if any). See “Link Testing” on page 13 for more information.
You can use an RF power meter to individually test each radio’s output power to test the transmitter functions.
You can also use the radio’s output transmitter attenuation to help precisely lower the link to threshold level after
inserting attenuation.
If the transmitter output power has been verified (by the mathematics of the back-to-back test or by a power
meter) and the threshold is not meeting specification, the side whose threshold is diminished is the likely radio at
fault. Swapping IDUs from one end to the other can help determine whether the problem is with the IDU or the
RF Unit.
WARNING!
The radios will be damaged if appropriate attenuation is not supplied between radios. You must provide
a minimum of 50 dB between the two radios. At 50 dB attenuation, output power can be left at maximum
output power.
Chapter 2. Installing the IDU and RFU 12

Lynx.GX Installation and Management
Link Testing
Link testing is the preferred way to evaluate a radio link's performance. It can be performed from end-to-end or
in link test mode (which tests both directions of the radio path). The following figure illustrates a typical test
configuration (which may include the radio’s path instead of in-line attenuators).
Figure 2. Link Testing
When performing testing, verify all configuration settings.
Note: If link testing indicates an unacceptable level of errors, see the instructions in “RF Link Alarms” on page
95.
Several built-in loopback functions are implemented in the radio. They are:
Local LB
Local radio line interface is in loopback to the line connector (does not test the wireless link). This is useful
for external equipment or circuit testing, including an external BER tester.
Remote LB-int
The far end or remote radio is set to loopback data. The radio uses an internally generated signal and
external signals are ignored. This is useful for testing the entire radio link without using external test
equipment.
Remote LB-ext
Similar to Remote LB-int, but an external T1/E1 signal is required locally. This is useful for testing the entire
radio link and includes testing the physical connector to which the external test equipment is connected.
Running this test on every interface from both ends of the radio link would completely test every interface
connector and the complete radio link.
Figure 3. Loopback Mode
Chapter 2. Installing the IDU and RFU 13

Lynx.GX Installation and Management
Only one loopback can be enabled per link at a time; that is, only one channel can be tested at a time and
configuring a channel in loopback disables the current loopback. The front panel and Web interface loopback
LED on the near-end and far-end radios informs the operator that the radio is configured in loopback mode.
STEP 4. INSTALL THE RADIO UNITS
There are two primary ways to install the radio system.
IDU and RFU Indoor Mounting
Both units (the IDU and the RF Unit) are mounted indoors or in a suitable enclosure, stacked on top of one
another, in a rack.
IDU Indoor Mounting / RFU Outdoor Mounting
The IDU is mounted indoors and the RF Unit is mounted outdoors, either near the antenna or simply at a
location somewhere between the enclosure/structure egress point and the antenna.
Complete the installation of all cables and the antenna system prior to connecting power; refer to “Installing and
Adjusting the Antenna” on page 18 for important information.
Installing Both the IDU and RFU Indoors
Although rack-mounting of the IDU is the ideal configuration; the radio can be placed on a tabletop or a cabinet
shelf. To prevent movement, apply the rubber table mount feet, found in the GX IDU Installation Kit, under the
bottom of the radio at each corner.
For rack mounting, to optimize cabling and to avoid interference with the RFU or antenna cables, mount the IDU
high in a standard 19-inch rack. Empty rack-mounting spaces above and below the unit are recommended,
especially if the surrounding equipment dissipates a considerable amount of heat (over 40W).
When mounting both the IDU and the RFU indoors, mount the IDU immediately below the RFU with no gap
between the units. (The IDU provides required forced-air cooling of a rack-mounted RFU). Leave the equivalent
of one rack space above the total 2-unit space for the radio if any equipment is mounted above the radio
system.
Set up the radio for mounting (using the rack mounting brackets enclosed with the screws in the shipping
container) with the front edge projecting from the front face of a standard 19-inch rack. Alternatively, you can
reverse the rack-mounting brackets to install the unit at a flush position. Additional extension brackets are
provided for 23-inch rack mounting and are attached to the standard 19-inch rack flanges with screws provided.
The radio has internal fans that intake on the left side and exhaust on the right side of the chassis. When rack
mounting, leave a small gap between the outer edges of the radio and the inside edge of the rack.
A short 12” IDU-to-RFU interface cable (TNC to TNC) is included in the GX IDU Installation Kit. Use this cable
to connect the IDU to the RFU when both are installed indoors.
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Lynx.GX Installation and Management
To rack-mount the IDU and RFU:
1. Gather all the parts contained in the GX IDU Installation Kit.
2. Set the unit on a flat surface and, using a screwdriver, remove the front screws on each side of the unit that
match up to the holes of the rack mounting flange. You must remove these screws to prepare the unit for
bracket attachment.
3. Attach the “L” IDU Rack Mount Brackets to each side of the IDU using the long mounting screws that are
contained in the GX Rack Mount Screw Pack.
The following figure illustrates mounting bracket attachment for the IDU only (occupying one space in a 19-
inch rack).
1. Attach brackets to unit.
2. Attach brackets to 19” rack
Attach the “L” RFU Rack Mount Brackets to each side of the RFU using the long mounting screws that are
contained in the GX Rack Mount Screw Pack. The following figure illustrates mounting bracket attachment
for the combined IDU and RFU (occupying two spaces in a 19-inch rack).
1. Attach brackets to units.
2. Attach brackets to 19” rack.
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Lynx.GX Installation and Management
4. Position the radio in the rack and align the holes in the mounting bracket with the holes in the rack. Two
screws for each bracket should be used into the rack (these screws are not included).
If you are installing the IDU in a 23-inch rack, you must use the 2-inch extender brackets and attach them to
the rack mounting brackets (with the screws provided in the GX Rack Mount Screw Pack), as shown in the
following figure:
5. Insert two screws and lock washers, appropriate for your rack, into each of the mounting brackets and
tighten.
IMPORTANT!
When the RFU is rack mounted, it must be mounted directly above the IDU and facing with the
connectors forward in the same direction as the connector panel of the IDU (as shown).
The IDU fan exhaust is used to cool the RFU in a rack mount configuration. Also, if one unit is
projection mounted, both units should be projection mounted. In either configuration, an empty rack
mount space is required above and below the configuration.
Bracket
Extenders
Rack
Mounting
Brackets
19-inch rack
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Lynx.GX Installation and Management
Installing the RFU Outdoors
The outdoor RFU installation consists of these tasks:
▪Installing the mounting brackets and mounting plate onto the pole (using two band clamps).
▪Mounting and securing the RFU on the mounting plate.
Notes:
(1) Installing the RFU outdoors requires the use of the optional GX RF UNIT Outdoor Mounting Kit (Proxim part
ACC-GX-RF-2, item number 61688), sold separately. The GX RF UNIT Outdoor Mounting Kit contains the
items necessary for secure pole mounting of the RFU. See “Lynx.GX Spares and Accessories” for part
numbers and ordering information. If the RFU is mounted outdoors on both ends of the link, you must order
two outdoor mounting kits.
(2) To facilitate assembly, installing the carriage bolts to the top holes of the RFU can be partially completed on
the ground before being raised to the pole assembly.
Installing the Mounting Plate
1. Obtain the optional GX RF UNIT Outdoor Mounting Kit (Proxim part ACC-GX-RF-2, item number 61688).
2. Hold the mounting plate with the upper and lower V-cut tabs in contact with the pole.
3. Wrap a band clamp around pole/mast and through the vertical slots near the top of the mounting plate.
Repeat for lower slots.
4. Tighten both band clamps sufficiently to prevent the mounting plate from rotating on the pole/mast; you can
now mount the RFU onto the bracket assembly.
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Lynx.GX Installation and Management
Mounting the RFU
1. Orient the RFU for mounting onto the mounting plate so that the connectors are pointed down and the
heatsink fins are facing away from the bracket.
2. Insert carriage bolts into the upper holes of the RFU with the head of the bolt facing the flat side (back) of
the RFU.
When facing the unit, place both thumbs over the hex nuts to hold the bolt in place; place the RFU onto the
mounting plate by setting the square portion of the carriage bolts into the upper, rectangular slots on the
mounting plate. Loosely attach the self-locking hex nuts without tightening.
3. Insert carriage bolts into the lower holes. Loosely attach the self-locking hex nuts.
4. Tighten all hex nuts sufficiently to prevent the RFU from any movement. Ensure the heads of the carriage
bolts are properly aligned with the notches in the mounting plate and placed firmly against the mounting
plate prior to tightening the self-locking hex nuts.
5. Install an RF lightning arrestor that connects to the antenna cable to the RFU Type-N connector labeled To
Antenna and seal the connectors using weatherproofing material (butyl and electrical tape, butyl tape or
self-vulcanizing adhesive). A short jumper cable can be used to connect the RF lightning arrestor, if
necessary. The lightning arrestor must be properly grounded.
6. Install the IF/DC-passing lightning arrestor that connects to the IDU cable to the RFU TNC connector
labeled To IDU and seal the connectors using weatherproofing material. A short jumper cable can be used
to connect the IF/DC lightning arrestor, if necessary. The lightning arrestor must be properly grounded.
7. Attach a grounding wire to the ground post of the RUF and route to a proper low impedance ground point.
Wire of at least 10 AWG should be used; a braid or strap conductor is the preferred choice.
STEP 5. INSTALL AND ADJUST THE ANTENNA
The installation information discussed in this section is generic. For installation procedures specific to the
antenna you are installing, refer to the antenna manufacturer’s documentation.
WARNING (FCC requirement for implementation in the USA):
Any antenna used for the transmitter must be fix-mounted on outdoor permanent structures with a
separation distance of at least 1.5 meters from all persons during normal operation. Antennas must be
professionally installed. Installers must be provided with antenna installation instructions and
transmitter operating conditions, including antenna co-location requirements of CFR47 Part
1.1307(b)(3), for satisfying RF exposure compliance.
Helpful Hints—Mounting Antennas
▪Proper system and path engineering is required to determine antenna mounting location.
▪Antenna height is critical for achieving path clearance, ensuring line of sight, and addressing potential path
reflections.
▪Ensure that the antennas will not be blocked by people during normal operation.
▪Antenna structure must be secure for wind load and whatever climbing may be necessary.
▪When mounting the antenna, sufficient clearance must be allocated to swing the antenna at least ±20° from
the desired bearing.
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Lynx.GX Installation and Management
Mounting the Antenna
This section describes how to permanently mount the antenna to the mast, pole, or tower, and how to attach the
antenna to the RFU.
The antenna must be mounted outdoors on a tower, building roof, or other location that provides line-of-sight
path clearance to the far-end location. In general, antennas smaller than two feet in diameter, or one-foot
panels, are not recommended for use with these radios.
Antennas should be:
▪Ordered with the suitable mounting kit specific to the site requirements.
▪Very rigidly mounted, with adequate room for azimuth and elevation adjustment from the rear.
The antenna polarization must be the same at both ends of the link, either vertical or horizontal.
In general, antenna mountings require a support pipe to which upper and lower support brackets are attached
with U-bolts. The antenna and optional elevation and azimuth adjustment rods then are mounted onto the
support brackets. The entire structure must be adequately grounded for lightning protection (see “Grounding”
on page 27). The antenna system must always be installed according to the manufacturer's instructions.
Unless special test equipment is available, two operating radios are required to align the antennas.
Alternatively, you can use a CW generator to transmit a signal toward the end being aligned.
The antenna is coarse-aligned using visual sighting and then fine-aligned using the receive signal level (RSL)
voltage provided by the radio.
The RSL voltage reading still can be used to peak antennas even if the wireless units have not synchronized;
however, you cannot measure far-end RSL from the near-end terminal until the units are synchronized.
Aligning the Antenna
The larger the antenna, the more critical alignment becomes. For example, with a 2-foot dish at 5.8 GHz, the
antenna can be moved ±3 degrees off the correct heading before the receive signal level drops by 3 dB. This
compares with a 6-foot dish, which can be moved only ±1 degree for the same degradation.
▪You must perform antenna alignment on one end of the link at a time, one plane at a time.
▪Keep one antenna stationary at all times.
▪Fine-align each end several times, until the planned RSL is reached.
In some cases, you may need to perform coarse alignment using a wide arc in both azimuth and elevation while
reading the RSL to find the main beam of the opposite end antenna.
Note: The RSL voltage is slightly delayed, so make small incremental adjustments during the fine alignment
phase and wait a few seconds for the RSL voltage to settle after each adjustment. When aligned to
maximum RSL, ensure that all antenna mechanics are tightened without impacting the alignment.
Coarse Alignment
To coarse-align the antenna, set the antenna mount for flat elevation (no up-tilt or down-tilt) using a spirit level.
Point the antenna at a heading marker obtained using a compass/GPS (magnetic corrected) back-bearing from
an adjacent location (ideally, 100 feet or more away from the antenna).
If the path has substantial change to elevation from one end to the other, this may not be an advisable method
for starting the alignment activities. In such cases, compare antenna elevations at each end of the link and set
the initial elevation of the antenna to roughly match the anticipated up-tilt or down-tilt.
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If you cannot set a heading marker sufficiently far away (for example when on a city building roof), obtain a
rough azimuth setting by sighting along the antenna feed or based upon compass measurements made during
the path planning stage.
Note: Use the instructions provided by the antenna manufacturer to verify that both antennas are on the same
polarization; otherwise, the RSL will be approximately 25 to 30 dB below the calculated level.
Because maximizing the receive RF signal level at each end of the radio link is critical, most antennas also
require fine alignment using an operating link.
Once the coarse alignment is completed at both ends, the link can be powered and some level of reliable
communication established. The voltage at the radio test point can be measured with a DVM to determine the
relative receive RF signal level.
Note: Be sure to read “Power Connections” on page 27 prior to powering up the radios.
Fine Alignment
When fine-aligning the antenna:
▪Adjust the azimuth and then the elevation of the local antenna to maximize the RSL voltage.
▪Align the far-end antenna in the same manner, using the RSL voltage of its local RFU.
Helpful Hints—Antenna Alignment
▪Rough align antenna azimuth and elevation based upon path planning (using compass bearing or milestone
sighting, telescopic sight, binoculars, and so on).
▪Apply power to both ends of the radio system
▪Use a Digital Volt Meter (DVM) to read the radio’s RSL voltage provided on the RFU to peak antennas. Or,
use the RSL reading from the IDU’s front panel test point. (See “RSL / GND” in “Front Panel LED
Descriptions” on page 73.)
▪When aligning antennas, if the RFU is located indoors or distant from the antenna location, you may want to
run wires or a cable from the RSL test point on the RFU to the antenna location so that the voltmeter
reading or audio device is directly visible and audible to the technicians aligning the antenna. Alternatively:
º The RSL value can be provided by a ‘verbal relay’ or by two-way radio (or similar communications
device) from the radio location to antenna alignment personnel.
º The RFU (and IDU, if necessary) can be taken to the antenna location temporarily for the purposes of
antenna alignment. An additional short transmission line jumper may be required for this approach,
along with TNC-to-N adaptors at each end of the primary transmission line. If this approach is used, the
actual RSL when alignment is completed is higher than that planned (due to the shorter transmission
line). Verify the desired RSL once the radio system is mounted as originally planned.
º Coaxial couplers can be placed temporarily at each end of the primary transmission line so the RSL
voltage is sent to the antenna location.
▪A cellular telephone or two-way radio can be useful for coordinating alignment activities between both ends
of the link. You can use an orderwire telephone for end-to-end voice communications once the units are
synchronized. Synchronization usually can be accomplished by coarse alignment alone. After
synchronization, you can use the orderwire phones to communicate between radio sites for antenna fine
alignment.
▪Make sure antenna polarization is the same at both ends.
º Adjust alignment of one antenna at a time, one plane (azimuth vs. elevation) at a time.
º Adjust each end multiple times until predicted RSL is achieved.
Chapter 2. Installing the IDU and RFU 20