Pulnix TM-250 User manual

69-0081
Rev.A
TM-250 Miniature CCD Camera
Imaging Products
Operation Manual

TM-250 Miniature CCD Camera
Notice
The material contained in this manual consists of information that is proprietary to PULNiX America, Inc., and may only be
used by the purchasers of the product. PULNiX America, Inc. makes no warranty for the use of its product and assumes no
responsibility for any errors which may appear or for damages resulting from the use of the information contained herein.
PULNiX America, Inc. reserves the right to make changes without notice.
Microsoft, Windows 98, Windows 95, Windows NT, and Windows Explorer are either registered trademarks or trademarks of
Microsoft Corporation in the United States and/or other countries.
Warranty
All of our solid-state cameras have a full three-year warranty. If any such product proves defective during this warranty period,
PULNiX America, Inc. will repair the defective product without charge for parts and labor or will provide a replacement in
exchange for the defective product. This warranty shall not apply to any damage, defect or failure caused by improper use or
inadequate maintenance.
Certifications
CE Compliance
The TM-250 camera has been certified to conform to the requirements of Council Directive 89/336/EC for electromagnetic
compatibility and to comply with the following European Standards:
Immunity: EN50082-2/1995
Emissions: EN55011/EN61326-1, Class A
All PULNiX products bearing the CE mark have been declared to be in conformance with the applicable EEC Council Direc-
tives. However, certain factory-installed options or customer-requested modifications may compromise electromagnetic com-
patibility and affect CE compliance. Please note that the use of interconnect cables that are not properly grounded and shielded
may affect CE compliance.
Contact PULNiX Applications Engineering Department for further information regarding CE compliance.
FCC
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the
FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference when the equipment is
operated in a commercial environment. This equipment generates, uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not
installed and used in accordance with the instruction manual, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. Oper-
ation of this equipment in a residential area may cause harmful interference, in which case the user will be required to correct
the interference at his own expense.
WARNING
Changes or modifications to this unit not expressly approved by the party responsible for
FCC compliance could void the user’s authority to operate the equipment.
TM-250 Operation Manual
PULNiX America, Inc.
1330 Orleans Drive
Sunnyvale, CA 94089
Tel:[phone]
Tel:[phone]
Fax:[phone]
E-mail: [e-mail]
www.pulnix.com
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PULNiX AMERICA, INC.
REGISTEREDTO ISO-9001
FILE #A3942

i
Table of Contents
TM-250 Miniature CCD Camera
1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1.1 Product Description. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1.2 Features. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1.3 Functional Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
1.4 Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
1.5 System Configuration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
2 Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
2.1 Getting Started. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
2.1.1 Unpacking Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
2.1.2 Components List. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
2.1.3 Accessories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4
2.2 Camera Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
2.2.1 Connector Pin Configurations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
2.2.2 Power Supply and Power Cable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5
2.2.3 Attaching theVideo Output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7
2.2.4 Attaching the Camera Lens . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
2.2.5 Auto-Iris Lens Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7
2.2.6 Monitor Display Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
3 Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
3.1 Rear Panel Switches. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
3.1.1 Function Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8
3.1.2 Shutter Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8
3.1.3 Field and Frame Modes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11
3.2 External Sync . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
3.2.1 Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13
3.2.2 Interfacing to Frame Grabbers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
3.3 Operating Modes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
3.3.1 Standard Interlace Mode. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
3.3.2 Cyclic (Continuous) Shutter Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14
3.3.3 Asynchronous Reset and Asynchronous Shutter. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
3.3.4 External Sync Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
3.3.5 Reset-Restart Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
3.3.6 External Shutter Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15
3.3.7 Integration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
3.3.8 Non-Interlace Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
4 TM-250 External Signals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
4.1 External VD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
4.2 External HD and Internal Sampling Clock . . . . . . . . . . . 16
4.3 Width Mode Reset-Restart Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
5 Operation Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
5.1 Cyclic Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
5.1.1 No Discharge Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18
5.1.2 Fast Shutter Cyclic Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
5.1.3 Trigger Position Reset/Restart Shutter Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20
5.1.4 Trigger Width Reset/Restart Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
5.2 Asynchronous Operation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

ii
Table of Contents
TM-250 Miniature CCD Camera
5.2.1 TM-250 Strobe Asynchronous Shutter Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
5.2.2 Post-Reset Asynchronous Shutter Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
5.2.3 Pulse Width Asynchronous Shutter Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
5.2.4 Pre-Reset Asynchronous Shutter Mode. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
5.2.5 Double Pulse Integration Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
5.2.6 Pulse Width Integration Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
6 Troubleshooting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
6.1 Problems and Solutions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
6.1.1 Symptom: NoVideo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
6.1.2 Symptom: DarkVideo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
6.1.3 Symptom: Non-SynchronizedVideo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
6.1.4 Symptom: FlickeringVideo in Reset/Restart Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
6.2 Information and Support Resources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
7 Appendix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
7.1 Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
7.1.1 Product Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
7.1.2 Physical Dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
7.1.3 C-Mount Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
7.1.4 Front End Detail . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
7.2 Spectral Response . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

iii
List of Figures
TM-250 Miniature CCD Camera
FIGURE 1. TM-250 System Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
FIGURE 2. 12P-02S Interface Cable (optional). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
FIGURE 3. Input Signals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
FIGURE 4. TM-250 Timing Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
FIGURE 5. ExternalVD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
FIGURE 6. Proper Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
FIGURE 7. Proper Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
FIGURE 8. Illegal Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
FIGURE 9. No Discharge Operation (Frame Accumulation Mode). . . . . . . . 19
FIGURE 10. No Discharge Operation (Field Accumulation Mode) . . . . . . . . . 19
FIGURE 11. High-Speed Cyclic Shutter Mode Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
FIGURE 12. Trigger Position Reset/Restart Mode Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
FIGURE 13. Trigger Width Reset/Restart Shutter Mode Timing . . . . . . . . . . . 22
FIGURE 14. Strobe Asynchronous Shutter ModeTiming. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
FIGURE 15. Post-Reset Asynchronous Shutter ModeTiming . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
FIGURE 16. Pulse Width Asynchronous Shutter Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
FIGURE 17. Pre-Reset Asynchronous Shutter Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
FIGURE 18. Double Pulse Integration Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
FIGURE 19. Pulse Width Integration Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
FIGURE 20. Physical Dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
FIGURE 21. Combination With “CS-Mount” Camera . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
FIGURE 22. Front End Detail . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
FIGURE 23. Spectral Response . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

iv
List ofTables
TM-250 Miniature CCD Camera
TABLE 1. 12-Pin Connector Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5
TABLE 2. Shutter Speed Control in High-Speed Cyclic Shutter Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . .8
TABLE 3. Shutter Speed Control in Post-Reset Asynchronous Shutter Mode . . . . . .10
TABLE 4. Shutter Speed Control in Pre-Reset Asynchronous Shutter Mode. . . . . . .10
TABLE 5. Shutter Speed Control in High-Speed Cyclic Shutter Mode . . . . . . . . . . . .18
TABLE 6. Trigger Position Reset/Restart Shutter Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21
TABLE 7. Trigger Width Reset/Restart Shutter Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22
TABLE 8. Strobe Asynchronous Shutter Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22
TABLE 9. Shutter Speed Control in Post-Reset Asynchronous Shutter Mode . . . . . .24
TABLE 10. Pulse Width Asynchronous Shutter Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25
TABLE 11. Shutter Speed Control in Pre-Reset Asynchronous Shutter Mode. . . . . . .26
TABLE 12. Double Pulse Integration Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27
TABLE 13. Pulse Width Integration Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28
TABLE 14. TM-250 Product SpecificationsTable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31

August 30, 2001
TM-250 Miniature CCD Camera
TM-250 Miniature CCD Camera
Operation Manual
1 Introduction
1.1 Product Description
The TM-250 is an inexpensive, high-quality camera that meets a variety of application requirements.
Featuring an advanced Hyper-HAD
1
interline transfer 1/2" CCD imager, this miniaturized high-
resolution camera offers many standard and optional features at a very affordable price.A CCIR-format
model, the TM-260, is also available.
1.2 Features
•
Variable electronic shutter and random CCD integration
The substrate drain-type shutter mechanism provides a superb picture at various speeds without
smearing. The electronic shutter rate can be externally adjusted, from 1/60 to 1/10,000 (1/29,100 in
some operating modes) in discrete steps, via a manually controlled DIP switch on the back panel.
•
Miniaturized and lightweight
The use of a CCD image sensor in the video camera module and the development of special mini
C-mount lenses allow the TM-250 to be compact, lightweight, robust, and small enough to operate
just like a remoted head.
•
High sensitivity
The TM-250 camera is one of the most low-light sensitive 1/2" CCD cameras available today. This
feature is especially important when using the faster shutter speeds. The CCD detects images into
the near-infrared spectrum. It requires only 1.0 lux of minimum illumination and 0.5 lux minimum
illumination at maximum gain. In general, this allows the use of a higher lens F-value while
providing a greater field depth and sharper images.
• Low lag/high resistance to image burning
1. Hyper-HAD is a trademark of SONY Corporation.

Page 2
Introduction
TM-250 Miniature CCD Camera
Because the CCD is highly resistant to image burning, the camera may be exposed to bright objects
for a long period of time. Because a “smear” phenomenon may occur when shooting a very bright
object, we recommend an infrared cutoff filter to obtain a clear picture (optional).
•
AGC/MGC selection, manual gain control and gamma adjustment
These adjustments, which are particularly important in vision system applications, are externally
adjustable via switches on the rear plate.
•
Genlock circuit
A genlock circuit is built in to accept external sync for applications in which external sync is
required.
•
High resistance to magnetic field and vibration/mechanical shock
The CCD imager’s rugged design allows it to withstand strong vibration and shock with little or no
noise appearing in the picture. Since the TM-250 is not influenced by a magnetic field, it will
produce stable images even when placed next to objects such as electric furnaces, welding
machines or NMR scanners.
•
Quick start-up and low power consumption
Image capture can begin within a second after turning on the camera. The power consumption is
only 2.5W. This makes the camera excellent for use with battery-operated systems.
•
Camera-mounting flexibility
The TM-250 has tapped holes on all four sides to allow a tripod mount to be installed from any
angle.
•
Three-year warranty
The CCD solid-state image sensor allows the camera to maintain a superior performance level
indefinitely while requiring virtually no maintenance. PULNiX backs all of the TM series cameras
with a three-year warranty.
Warning: Unscrewing the camera cover or opening the camera in any way
will void this warranty unless prior written approval is
obtained from the factory.
1.3 Functional Options
•
Adjustable backfocus front end
•
Internal IR Cut Filter (OP3-1)
•
Optical Filter Removal (OP3-2)
•
Glassless CCD Imager (OP21)
•
Low impedance (75 Ω ) termination
• NIR CCD
•
SONY pinouts

Page 3
Introduction
TM-250 Miniature CCD Camera
1.4 Applications
The miniature size of the TM-250 camera eliminates the need for a remoted imager camera in all but the
most confined spaces. This camera fits easily, both physically and functionally, into all types of machine
vision, automated inspection, and related applications. Other uses include remotely piloted vehicles,
miniature inspection devices, surveillance, microscopes, and medical equipment.
1.5 System Configuration
Figure 1 (below) presents a typical system configuration for the TM-250.
FIGURE 1.
TM-250 System Configuration
Monitor
Power
Ext. Sync
Trigger
VIdeo Output*
Computer with
Frame Grabber
Board
* Video Output is the same as BNC connector
SECURE HATCH IN
PLACE AFTER FINAL
ADJUSTMENTS.
POWER VIDEO
GAIN
OFF
OFF FRM MGC
1.0 CYC000
0

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Installation
TM-250 Miniature CCD Camera
2 Installation
The following instructions are provided to help you to set up your video camera system quickly and
easily. We suggest that you read through these instructions before unpacking and setting up your camera
system.
2.1 Getting Started
2.1.1 Unpacking Instructions
We recommend that you save the original packing cartons for the cameras and lenses in case you need to
return or exchange an item.
We also recommend that you bench-test any equipment being sent to another location for field
installation to assure that everything is fully operational as a system.
2.1.2 Components List
Please begin by checking your order against the Components List (below) to assure that you have
received everything as ordered, and that nothing has been overlooked in the packing materials. If any
item is missing, please contact your PULNiX representative immediately.
•
TM-250 camera
•
TM-250/260 data sheet
•
TM-250 operation manual (if ordered)
2.1.3 Accessories
Following is a list of additional accessories or equipment that may be recommended or required for your
particular application. Please check with your PULNiX representative before installing your video
system to determine what you might need.
•
Power Cable: 12P-02S Interface Cable
•
Power Supply: PD-12U series, and K series.
2.2 Camera Setup
2.2.1 Connector Pin Configurations
The TM-250 has a 12-pin connector for power input. In general, Pin #1 is
Ground and Pin #2 is +12V DC. The other pins handle a number of other input
and output functions, as shown in the table below.
1
2
3
456
7
8
9
10
11 12

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Installation
TM-250 Miniature CCD Camera
TABLE 1. 12-Pin Connector Configuration
2.2.2 Power Supply and Power Cable
2.2.2 (a) Power Supplies
PULNiX recommends the following power supplies:
K25-12V 110V AC/12V DC 2.1A power supply (OEM type)
K50-12V 110V AC/12V DC 4.2A power supply (OEM type)
PD-12UU 100-240V AC/12V DC 1.2A universal voltage power supply
PD-12UP PD-12UU with12-pin connector US plug
PD-12UE PD-12UU European plug
PD-12UEP PD-12UU with 12-pin connector European plug
If you are providing power through the 12-pin connector, the PD-12UUP power supply is available with
the 12-pin mating connector already attached to the leads from the power supply. The PD-12UU power
supply can be connected to the PULNiX power cable via a terminal strip or directly.
When wiring the PD-12 power supply directly, please note the following:
•The lead ends must be twisted together and tin soldered for strength and electrical continuity.
•Shrink tubing or a similar insulator should be used to prevent exposed leads from touching.
•The +12V lead is marked with a red stripe or white lettering; be sure not to reverse the leads.
•All connections must be properly insulated to prevent shorting.
2.2.2 (b) PULNiX Power Cables
If you are using PULNiX power cables, such as the 12P-02S, please refer to the appropriate pin-out
diagram. The color coded leads use Gray for Ground andYellow for +12V DC.
Pin Description Pin Description
1 GND 7 VD Input
2 +12V DC 8 GND
3 GND 9 HD Input
4 Video Out 10 N/C
5 GND 11 N/C
6 VINIT/TRIG Input 12 GND

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Installation
TM-250 Miniature CCD Camera
FIGURE 2. 12P-02S Interface Cable (optional)
Note: Make sure that the unused leads are not touching and that there is no possibility that the
leads could short due to exposed wires.
2.2.2 (c) “K” Series Power Supplies
The “K” series power supplies are designed primarily for OEM users who will be mounting the power
supply inside a protective enclosure. For use in exposed situations, the PD-12UU series power supplies
are recommended. Follow the directions below to connect a “K” series power supply.
1. Attach the 110V line cord to the two terminals marked “AC.” Do not plug the cord into a 110V AC
socket until you have completed steps 2 and 3.
2. Attach the Gray andYellow leads of the power cable to the Ground and 12V DC terminals, respec-
tively.
3. Replace the plastic terminal guard on the power supply.
2.2.2 (d) Building Your Own Power Cable
Consult the pin-out for the camera purchased. Connect the Ground and +12V power leads of the PD-
12UUP power connector to Pin #1 and Pin #2, respectively (power must be DC regulated, and of
sufficient current to properly power the camera).
2.2.2 (e) Attaching the Power Cable to the Connector
The 12-pin connector is keyed and will only fit in one orientation. Follow these directions to properly
attach the power cable to the camera connector:
1. Rotate the connector while applying slight pressure until the keyways line up.
2. Press the connector into place until firmly seated.
3. Plug the power cord into the 100V AC socket. This will power the camera up.
12P-02S Interface Cable
Pin# Lead Color Function Pin# Lead Color Function
1 Gray GND 7 Black coax VD Input
2 Yellow +12V DC 8 White coax shield GND
3 Red coax shield GND 9 White coax HD Input
4 Red coax Video 10 Brown N/C
5 Orange coax shield GND 11 Blue N/C
6 Orange coax VINIT/TRIG 12 Black coax shield GND
132mm
2,000mm±10mm
(2 Meters)
PC-12P (Hirose Part #10A-10P-12S/PC12P)
Flying
Leads
1

Page 7
Installation
TM-250 Miniature CCD Camera
2.2.3 Attaching the Video Output
Most users utilize the BNC connector for video output from the camera. Connect the output from the
camera to the input of your monitor, VCR, or switching device. The input of the monitor should be
balanced for 75Ωtermination. Standard RG-59 type coaxial cable should carry a full video signal for up
to 500 feet.
To output the video and input the power and sync to a camera over a single cable, use the PULNiX
multi-conductor cables, such as the 12P-02S, etc. The mini coaxial leads in PULNiX multi-conductor
cables are designed for short runs of no longer than 100 feet.
Note: Make sure that no extraneous wires are visible which could cause a short.
2.2.4 Attaching the Camera Lens
The TM-250 camera accepts 1/2" or larger format size C-mount lenses. To attach the C-mount lens to
the camera, carefully engage the threads and rotate the lens clockwise until it firmly seats on the
mounting ring. Do not force the lens if it does not seat properly. Please note that some lenses with
extremely long flangebacks may exceed the mounting depth of the camera.
2.2.5 Auto-Iris Lens Setup
Auto-iris lenses with full video input can be used with the PULNiX TM-250, although this camera
model does not come equipped with auto-iris output.
Note: Make sure that the power is removed from the camera before connecting or disconnecting
the auto-iris lens. There is a small chance that the auto-iris lens could be damaged by
plugging or unplugging it while the camera is powered up.
Power down the camera before installing the auto-iris lens. To install the auto-iris lens in a PULNiX
camera without an auto-iris output, wire the signal (video) on the lens into the terminal 1 Vp-p video
output on the camera.
Point the camera at a light area and then quickly towards a darker area. If everything is working
properly, the iris should adjust for the light change.
2.2.6 Monitor Display Mode
For monitoring real-time video, connect the video output to a video monitor or other device.

Page 8
Operation
TM-250 Miniature CCD Camera
3 Operation
3.1 Rear Panel Switches
3.1.1 Function Control
1. F2: Up = Function 2 ON
Down = Function 2 OFF
2. F1: Up = Function 1 ON
Down = Function 1 OFF
3. Gamma: Up = 0.45
Down = 1.0
4. AGC/MGC switch: Up =AGC (Automatic Gain Control)
Down =MGC (Manual Gain Control)*
* When MGC is selected, the camera gain can be adjusted using the potentiometer on the back
plate.
5. FLD/FRM: Up = FLD (Field Mode)
Down = FRM (Frame Mode)
* Select FRM for strobe applications and FLD for high shutter speed applications.
See Section 3.1.3 on page 11 for details.
6. ASY/CYC: Up =Asynchronous mode (randomly resettable)
Down = Cyclic mode Shutter (free-running only)
7. S3 to S0: See Section 3.1.2 on page 8.
Note: Functions of the F1 and F2 switches vary depending on the operating mode selected.
3.1.2 Shutter Control
Shutter speeds on the TM-250 can be controlled using DIP switches S3, S2, S1, and S0. The following
tables show the various switch settings in different operating modes.
TABLE 2. Shutter Speed Control in High-Speed Cyclic Shutter Mode
Switch Position
Shutter Speed (Sec.)
F1
OFF ASY CYC S3 0S2 0S1 0S0 0
Down Down Down Down Down Down 1/30 (no shutter)
Down Down Down Down Down Up 1/60
Down Down Down Down Up Down 1/100
Down Down Down Down Up Up 1/120
Down Down Down Up Down Down 1/250
Down Down Down Up Down Up 1/500
Down Down Down Up Up Down 1/1,000
Down Down Down Up Up Up 1/5,000
Down Down Up Down Down Down 1/2,100
UP
DOWN
F2
OFFOFF
F1 .45 AGCFLDASY S1
S2
S3 S0
1.0 MGC FRMCYC 0000

Page 9
Operation
TM-250 Miniature CCD Camera
Down Down Up Down Down Up 1/2,800
Down Down Up Down Up Down 1/3,500
Down Down Up Down Up Up 1/4,400
Down Down Up Up Down Down 1/6,200
Down Down Up Up Down Up 1/10,200
Down Down Up Up Up Down 1/29,100
F2: not applicable
TABLE 2. Shutter Speed Control in High-Speed Cyclic Shutter Mode
Switch Position
Shutter Speed (Sec.)
F1
OFF ASY CYC S3 0S2 0S1 0S0 0

Page 10
Operation
TM-250 Miniature CCD Camera
TABLE 3. Shutter Speed Control in Post-Reset Asynchronous Shutter Mode
Switch Position
Shutter Speed (Sec.)
F1
OFF ASY CYC S3 0S2 0S1 0S0 0
Down Up Down Down Down Up 1/60
Down Up Down Down Up Down 1/120
Down Up Down Down Up Up 1/250
Down Up Down Up Down Down 1/500
Down Up Down Up Down Up 1/1,000
Down Up Down Up Up Down 1/1,600
Down Up Down Up Up Up 1/1,800
Down Up Up Down Down Down 1/2,100
Down Up Up Down Down Up 1/2,400
Down Up Up Down Up Down 1/2,800
Down Up Up Down Up Up 1/3,500
Down Up Up Up Down Down 1/4,400
Down Up Up Up Down Up 1/6,200
Down Up Up Up Up Down 1/10,200
F2 Up: SYNC signal is continuous.
F2 Down: SYNC signal is available in one field right afterVINIT.
TABLE 4. Shutter Speed Control in Pre-Reset Asynchronous Shutter Mode
Switch Position
Shutter Speed (Sec.)
F1
OFF ASY CYC S3 0S2 0S1 0S0 0
Up Up Down Down Down Up 1/29,100
Up Up Down Down Up Down 1/10,200
Up Up Down Down Up Up 1/6,200
Up Up Down Up Down Down 1/4,400
Up Up Down Up Down Up 1/3,500
Up Up Down Up Up Down 1/2,800
Up Up Down Up Up Up 1/2,400
Up Up Up Down Down Down 1/2,100
Up Up Up Down Down Up 1/1,800
Up Up Up Down Up Down 1/1,600
Up Up Up Down Up Up 1/1,500
F2 Up: SYNC signal is continuous.
F2 Down: SYNC signal is available in one field right afterVINIT.

Page 11
Operation
TM-250 Miniature CCD Camera
3.1.3 Field and Frame Modes
The standard factory setting for the TM-250 camera is FRAME MODE. The field and frame integration
mode is selectable using the switch on the rear panel of the camera. The frame integration is used to
separate all CCD pixels. The exposure of Odd and Even fields generates the full frame image shown in
the figure below.
3.1.3 (a) Field Mode
In Field mode, two horizontal rows are scanned (binned) simultaneously. At each interlace scan, the
scanned pairs are changed. Thus the sensitivity of the CCD is doubled for one field of integration.When
compared to Frame mode, in which each horizontal row is scanned simultaneously, the CCD obtains the
same sensitivity in half the time period. This mode is useful when Shutter is used. The field integration
is done by combining two pixel rows (binning) together and each pair alternates as interlace scan is
generated. Row 1 is binned with row 2, and row 3 is binned with row 4. In Field 2, row 2 is binned with
row 3, row 4 with row 5, and so on. The field mode is very effective in shutter mode since the pixel
sensitivity is doubled for field integration (1/60 sec) and equals with frame mode (one row at 1/30 sec).
Since shutter mode is only one field output per shutter and darker than normal image, two-row binning
is effective. This mode also reduces interlace moire when a sharp horizontal pattern is observed. For
higher pixel definition such as gauging and sub-pixel interpolation, Frame mode operation is
recommended.
Moire is unnoticeable because of alternating two-row scanning. The vertical resolution in Field mode is
not as good as that in Frame mode, but it is sufficient to view the full vertical resolution of the TV
format.
3.1.3 (b) Frame Mode
In Frame mode, each horizontal row is scanned as interlace scanning. The integration of each pixel is
one frame period. In Frame mode, vertical pixel resolution is good, and the exact location is obtained. In
comparison with Field mode, however, Frame mode has the disadvantage of showing vertical Moire.
Frame mode should be used in applications that need strobe lighting, because full frame resolution is
achieved in this mode. For higher pixel definition such as gauging and sub-pixel interpolation, Frame
mode operation is recommended.
123261 262 263 264 524 525 261 262 263 264 524 525
123 123261
262 263 264 524 525
HD
VD Odd
Field
Even
Field
Odd Odd OddEven Even Even
Odd Odd OddEven Even Even
Frame Integration
Field Integration
Even
Field
Odd
Field
Even
Field
Odd
Field

Page 12
Operation
TM-250 Miniature CCD Camera
3.2 External Sync
The TM-250 can accept external sync from an external sync generator or frame grabber. Its input
specifications are:
Internal/External auto switch
fH=15.734 KHz ±5%, fV=59.95 Hz ±5%
Note: The TM-250 has a one (1) horizontal line delay between the input VD signal and the
output video. If external vertical drive (VD) is applied to the camera, it may cause the
video output to be delayed 1 HD (1 HD = ~64.0 µs). If the imaging system is capable of
automatically detecting the start of video (within a few HD), then no problem will exist. If
it is not capable of automatically detecting the start of video, you may need to reconfigure
the video capturing sequence to delay video acquisition of 1HD.
FIGURE 3. Input Signals
HD
VD
3 - 5µsec
1 to 9HD
1/60
1/f(horizontal)
TTL Level
+5Volts
0 Volts
+5Volts
0 Volts
TTL Level

Page 13
Operation
TM-250 Miniature CCD Camera
3.2.1 Timing
FIGURE 4. TM-250 Timing Chart
3.2.2 Interfacing to Frame Grabbers
The TM-250 camera can be connected to a frame grabber using either the 12-pin connector or the BNC
connector on the rear panel of the camera.
3.3 Operating Modes
Besides normal operation, the TM-250 supports the following versatile operations that can be selected
by the DIP switch on the rear panel of the camera:
•Standard Interlace Mode
Field integration Mode
Frame Integration Mode
•External Sync Mode
•Non-interlace Mode
•Cyclic (Continuous) Shutter Mode
•Asynchronous Reset andAsynchronous Shutter
Image sensing period
Optical
black period
Dummy
H register
H register
stop period
Optical
black period
CCD photo sensors
allocation
CCD output
signal
Effective picture
period
HD 6.36µSec
91
40 77 22 3
819
768 40
154
H BLK 10.76µSec
21
1.47µSec 70 H SYNC
4.89µSec
Composite video
output
B1 B2 B3
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
757 758 759 760 761 762 763 764 765 766 767 768 B1 B40
B1
D1 D22
910
63.56µSec (1 horizontal line)
B40
CBRK

Page 14
Operation
TM-250 Miniature CCD Camera
•Reset-Restart Mode
Frame Integration Mode
Field Integration Mode
•Reset-Restart Mode with Electronic Shutter
Frame Integration Mode
Field Integration Mode
•Integration Mode (Strobe application)
3.3.1 Standard Interlace Mode
3.3.1 (a) Field Mode and Frame Mode
The field and frame integration mode is selectable. The frame integration is used to separate all CCD
pixels and the exposure of Odd and Even fields generate the full frame image shown in the figure below.
3.3.1 (b) Field Mode Binning
The field integration is done by combining two pixel rows (binning) together, each pair alternating as
interlace scan is generated. Row 1 is binned with row 2, and row 3 is binned with row 4. In Field 2, row
2 is binned with row 3, row 4 with row 5, and so on. Field mode is very effective in shutter mode
because the pixel sensitivity is doubled for field integration (1/60 sec) and equals frame mode (one row
at 1/30 sec). Because Shutter mode is only one field output per shutter and darker than normal image,
two-row binning is effective. This mode also reduces interlace moire when a sharp horizontal pattern is
observed. For higher pixel definition such as gauging and sub-pixel interpolation, Frame mode
operation is recommended.
3.3.2 Cyclic (Continuous) Shutter Mode
With back-plate shutter control, the TM-250 operates at the internally predefined shutter speeds. Each
field output is exposed for the same period. The shutter control varies the substrate discharge timing.
The duration between the shutter pulse and transfer gate timing (11H from VD edge) decides the
exposure time (16H for CCIR). The following three cyclic shutter modes are available:
•High-Speed Cyclic Shutter mode
•Trigger Position Reset/Restart Shutter mode
•Trigger Width Reset/Restart Shutter mode
Contact PULNiX for timing charts of various cyclic shutter modes.
3.3.3 Asynchronous Reset and Asynchronous Shutter
By supplying VINIT pulse on pin #6, the camera can be reset asynchronously. In this mode, when
VINIT is kept high, it continuously discharges the CCD and outputs the field video signal upon the
negative going edge. The output stays continuous during VINIT low. The first field output is always
Odd.