Pulnix TMC-73M User manual

TMC-73M / TMC-63M
MINIATURE CCD
COLOR CAMERA
OPERATIONS MANUAL
REV. 1, P/N 69-0017

TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. OPERATION ........................................................................................................................ 3
1.1 Outline .............................................................................................. 3
1.2 Special Characteri tic of a CCD ....................................................... 3
2. COMPREHENSIVE SPECIFICATIONS ................................................................................. 4
3. THEORY OF OPERATION .............................................................................................. 4
3.1 Operation Principle of the CCD ....................................................... 4
3.2 Mechani m of the CCD Electrical Charge Tran mi ion ................ 5
3.3 The Interline-Tran fer Organization of the CCD Image Sen or ................ 6
3.4 In truction for Powering TMC-73M/TMC-63M ............................. 6
4. ALIGNMENT AND ADJUSTMENT ................................................................................. 8
4.1 Equipment .................................................................................. 8
4.2 Preparation ................................................................................. 9
4.3 Adju tment Procedure .................................................................... 9
. OPERATION ........................................................................................................................ 11
6. IMAGER COLOR FILTERS
6.1 Diagram of Complementary Mo aic Filter .......................................... 11
6.2 Spectral Re pon e With Optical Filter (IR Cut Filter) ............................. 11
7. TIMING CHART ........................................................................................................... 12
8.SERIAL DATA INPUT FORMAT ................................................................................. 13
9. MECHANICAL DRAWINGS ................................................................................. 14
9.1 Standard Configuration .................................................................... 14
9.2 OEM internal board a embly ....................................................... 14
2

SECTION 1: OPERATION
1.1 OUTLINE
The TMC-73M (NTSC model) / TMC-63M (PAL
model) i a uper-miniature color video camera which
u e a 1/3" high re olution olid tate image en or -
the Charge Coupled Device (CCD). The CCD camera
produce le geometrical di tortion and ha higher
re i tance to vibration and hock when compared with
a camera u ing a pickup tube. The e feature make
the camera uitable for both indu trial and CCTV
urveillance application . It i al o uitable a an input
device in an image proce ing y tem ince the TMC-
73M offer uperb color reproduction.
The TMC-73M erie camera feature eparate out-
put for Y/C output and tandard VBS output.
All model have external acce witche to elect the
white balance for outdoor(5600°K) and indoor
(3200°K). The TMC-73M erie u e complementary
tripe color filter of Cy, Gr, Ye to generate all color
variation . The complementary color y tem ha the
advantage of better en itivity than the primary color
y tem of R, G, B.
All model u e CS-mount len e and C-mount len e
with a adapter.
1.2 SPECIAL CHARACTERISTICS OF A CCD
Smear phenomenon
Thi phenomenon occur when hooting a very bright
object ( uch a electronic light, fluore cent lamp, the
un or a trong reflection.) Due to the interline-tran fer
organization of the CCD image en or (Refer to the
"The Interline-tran fer Organization of the CCD Image
Sen or ", Section 3.3), thi phenomenon i cau ed by
electronic charge generated beneath the photo en-
or by a light with a long wavelength, uch a an
infrared light.
NOTE: PULNiX color camera contain a filter to mini-
mize mear. Smear hould only occur under extremely
bright, and point light ource condition .
Light treak.....Smear
Very bright object
False signal
When vertical tripe or traight line are hot, they
may look wavy ( Moire effect ).
Blemish-free imagers
CCD photo en or element generate electronic
charge which ultimately produce horizontal and verti-
cal row in the CCD image en or. Thu , any malfunc-
tioning photo en or element could eventually cau e a
blemi h on the monitor creen. However, the PULNiX
TMC-73M/TMC-63M camera all have blemi h-free
CCD to avoid thi problem.
Con ult the pecification in "Comprehen ive
Specification " for detail on the blemi he of the
TMC-73M/TMC-63M.
At room temperature At high temperature
Level of dark current
Patterned noise on the picture at
high temperatures
Dark current (thermal noi e) i inherent in emicon-
ductor . At room temperature, the amount of dark
current in all photo en or i very clo e. However, a
the temperature ri e , the amount of dark current
increa e . A a re ult, the relative difference between
the dark current of each photo en or increa e . Thi dif-
ference al o cau e the patterned noi e on the picture.
3

Imager
Pixel
Cell size
Color filter
Scanning
Sync
TV resolution
S/N ratio
Min. illumination
Video output
Color balance
AGC
Gamma
Lens mount
Power req.
Operating temp.
Vibration & shock
Size (W X H X L)
Weight
Power cable
Power supply
Auto iris connector
Functional options
Accessories
SECTION 3: THEORY OF OPERATION
3.1 OPERATION PRINCIPLES OF THE CCD
A CCD (Charge Coupled Device) con i t of MOS
(Metal Oxide-Silicon) capacitor arranged in a regular
array. It perform three function connected with han-
dling electrical charge :
Photoelectric conversion (photo sensor)
Incande cent light generate electrical charge on the
MOS capacitor , with the quantity of charge being pro-
portional to the brightne .
Accumulation of electrical charges
When voltage i applied to the electrode of the CCD,
an electrical potential well i formed in the ilicon layer.
The electrical charge i accumulated in thi well.
Transmission of electrical charge
When high voltage i applied to the electrode , a
deeper well i formed. When low voltage i applied, a
hallower well i formed. In the CCD, thi property i
u ed to tran mit electrical charge. When a high volt-
age i applied to the electrode , a deep electric poten-
tial well i formed and electrical charge flow in from
the neighboring well . When thi i repeated over and
over among the regularly arranged electrode , the
electrical charge i tran ferred from one MOS capaci-
tor to another. Thi i the principle of CCD electrical
charge tran mi ion.
SECTION 2: COMPREHENSIVE SPECIFICATIONS
4
1/3" interline tran fer CCD (4.8 x 3.6 mm)
768(H) x 494(V) 752(H) x 582(V)
6.35µm(H) x 7.4µm(V) 6.5µm(H) x 6.25µm(V)
Cy, Ye, Mg, G complementary color filter
2:1 interlaced, field mode canning
525 line , 59.94 Hz 625 line , 50 Hz
Internal ync only
fH = 15.734 KHz fH = 15.625 KHz
fV = 59.94 Hz fV = 50.00 Hz
460(H) x 400(V) TV line 450(H) x 450(V) TV line
50 dB (AGC off )
2 Lux F = 1.4 (AGC on)
VBS = 1.0 Vp-p at 75 Ω(NTSC and PAL)
Y (B/W) = 1.0 Vp-p with ync, Chroma = 285 mV at 75 Ω(Y/C or S-VHS )
Manual white balance with daylight and indoor witch
External hue adju tment via erial data interface
Max. 32 dB AGC, on-off jumper, manual gain control and ext. gain control
0.45
CS-mount or C-mount with adapter
12 V DC, 200 mA
-10°C to +50°C
Vibration: 7 G (11Hz to 200Hz), Shock: 70G
40 dia x 78 mm 1.57" D x 3.07" L
150 gram
12P-02 for NTSC/PAL and Y/C, KC-10 for NTSC/PAL only
12VDC, 300mA
Internal wiring only for galvanometric iri drive and iri video output,
Automatic electronic hutter built-in
Manual hutter, up to 16 field integration output, external digital control for
R-Y,B-Y hue, gain, iri level and chroma level
CS and C-mount mini len e
Model TMC-73M (NTSC) TMC-63M (PAL)

3.2 MECHANISM OF CCD ELECTRICAL
CHARGE TRANSMISSION
The TMC-73M u e a 4-pha e drive method CCD. For
implicity, a 2-pha e drive method CCD i explained
below.
Figure 1 how an example of the change which can
occur in potential well in ucce ive time interval .
At t1, the electrode voltage are fH1>fH2, o the
potential well are deeper toward the electrode at the
higher voltage fH1. Electrical charge accumulate in
the e deep well .
At t2, the clock voltage fH1 and fH2 are rever ed; now
the well toward the electrode at voltage fH2 become
deeper while tho e toward the electrode at fH1
become hallower. So the well at fH2 are deeper than
tho e at fH1 and the ignal charge flow toward the
deeper well .
At t3, the electrode voltage have not changed ince
t2, o the ignal charge flow into the well toward the
electrode at fH2. One tran mi ion of electrical charge
i completed. Thi action i repeated over and over to
execute the horizontal tran mi ion .
Vertical transfer
The vertical hift regi ter tran fer charge u ing a
four-pha e drive mode. Figure 2 how an example of
the change which can occur in potential well in uc-
ce ive time interval . At tO, the electrode voltage are
(V1 = V2)>(V3 = V4), o the potential well are deeper
toward the electrode at the higher voltage V1 and V2.
Charge accumulate in the e deep well .
At t1, the electrode voltage are (V1 = V2 = V3)>(V4),
o the charge accumulate in the well toward the
electrode at V1, V2 and V3.
At t2, the electrode voltage are (V2 = V3)>(V4 = V1),
o the charge accumulate in the well toward the
electrode at V2 and V3. Electrode voltage tate at t3
and after are hown below.
t3(V2 = V3 = V4)>(V1)
t4(V3 = V4)>(V1 = V2)
t5(V4>(V1 = V2 = V3)
t6(V4 = V1)>(V2 = V3)
t7(V4 = V1 = V2)>(V3)
t8(V1 = V2)>(V3 = V4) (Initial tate)
The e operation are repeated to execute the vertical
tran fer.
t1
t2
t3
time
potential profile
tran fer direction
Operating Pul e Waveform (ø1, ø2 or øH1, øH2)
(minu ) how lower
impurity concentration
potential profile
P - ub
ø2
ø1
t
N- NN- N N- N N- N N-
N, N- * : N type impurity
* -
V1
V0
ø2
V1
V0
ø1
V1 > VO t1 t2 t3
tran fer direction
V1
V2
V3
V4
t0
t1
t2
t3
t4
t5
t6
t7
t8
4 Pha e CCD Drive
4 Pha e CCD Drive
5
Figure 1
Figure 2

3.3 THE INTERLINE-TRANSFER
ORGANIZATION OF THE CCD IMAGE SENSORS
The TMC-73M CCD video camera module adopt an
interline-tran fer organization in which the preci ely
aligned photo en or and vertical tran mi ion ection
are arrayed interlinearly.
A horizontal hift regi ter link up with the vertical
tran mi ion ection. Light variation are en ed by
the photo en or which generate electronic charge
proportional to the light inten ity. The generated
charge are fed into the vertical hift regi ter all at
once. The charge are then tran ferred from the verti-
cal tran mi ion ection to the horizontal hift regi ter
ucce ively and finally reach the output amplifier to
be read out ucce ively.
3.4 INSTRUCTIONS FOR POWERING
THE TMC-73M/TMC-63M
Connectors
The TMC-73M require 12 V DC (200mA). Power i
obtained through the 12-pin connector located at the
rear of the camera. PULNiX offer a 4-conductor
power cable with mating connector (model# C-10). For
Y/C output, u e a 12-pin connector to upply power.
Horizontal
hift regi ter
odd line
even line
odd line
Photo en er
Vertical hift regi ter
(818 element )
Output ection
(513 element )
12-Pin Connector
TMC-73M/TMC-63M 12P-02 Cable
1. GND Gray
2. +12V DC In Yellow
3. GND Red Shield
4. Video Out (VBS) Red Coax Signal
5. GND Orange Shield
6. Auto/Man Orange Coax Signal
7. Chroma Black Coax Signal
8. GND White Shield
9. Y (B/W) White Coax Signal
10. D0 Brown
11. D1 Blue
12. D2 Black Shield
Optional output
Each pin ha to be de ignated for variou option uch
a Y/C output, integration control, etc. The cu tomer
will be required to a ign option number .
Warning
The TMC-73M mu t u e either the 12P Serie or C-10
cable. When applying power to the camera, make
ure that none of the expo ed lead on the multiple
conductor cable are touching. Thi may cau e dam-
age to the camera. Be ide the power connector, there
i a tandard BNC video connector on the rear of the
camera.
3.4.1 12-PIN CONNECTOR AND POWER
CABLES
1
2
3
456
98
7
11 12
10
12-Pin Figure Power Connector
6

12P Series cables available:
12P-02 2 meter
12P-05 5 meter
12P-10 10 meter
12P-15 15 meter
12P-25 25 meter
12P-X Cu tom length
12P-02 8-conductor cable for RGB
12P-02MF RGB eparator cable (for u e with CCA-7
Signal Separator only)
3.4.2 BACK PANEL ASSEMBLY
power
video
5600
3200
auto
man
Back Panel Assembly
3.4.3 COLOR BALANCE ADJUSTMENT
The TMC-73M/TMC-63M camera feature an
advanced color balancing y tem which i et to out-
door condition and indoor condition a factory et.
External digital control i capable to et internal D/A
converter for R-Y, B-Y Hue and chroma level adju t-
ment.
3.4.4 AUTO SHUTTER AND AUTO IRIS
OUTPUT
The TMC-73M ha a built-in auto hutter control
which work a electronic iri o that tandard
fixed or manual iri len can be u ed.
The TMC-73M ha auto iri output pad located on the
PWB1. optional output from pecial connector may be
obtained from PULNIX. The len mount of the camera
i a tandard CS-mount or C-mount with a adapter,
and mo t tandard 1/2" auto iri len e may be u ed
with the TMC-73M/TMC-63M.
D0, D1, D2 are u ed for manual hutter peed control.
.
Warning:
Do not unplug the auto iri len from the camera while
the camera i powered. Thi may damage the len .
7
Color temperature
witch 12-pin connector
Video
D0
123456
7
0
H
D1
D2
H
H
H
HH
HHH
H
HH
LLLL
L
L
L
L
L
LL
L
Shutter
peed
Integ-
ration
1/60 1/125 1/250 1/500 1/1000 1/2000 1/4000 1/10000
2FLD 4FLD 6FLD 8FLD 10FLD 12FLD 14FLD 16FLD
(option)
S
P
E
E
D
C
O
N
T
R
O
L
70 %
100 %
R
YL
MG
CY
G
B

4.1 EQUIPMENT
1. Light ource for te t chart.
Pattern Box PTB-100 (90-130V)
PTB-220 (190-240V)
2. For video level and gamma adju tment.
3. For color adju tment.
(U e color bar chart)
4. For ignal adju tment.
Vector cope
Waveform monitor
O cillo cope
5. Standard Pattern Frame
YL CY G WMG R B
70 %
100 %
R
YL
MG
CY
G
B
SECTION 4 : ALIGNMENT AND ADJUSTMENT
Gray cale Chart White Window Chart
Color Bar Chart
8

4.3 TMC-73M ADJUSTMENT PROCEDURES
4.3.1 PRESET
Pre et each potentiometer a follow :
PWB1
VR101 Y level = 2.5 V
VR102 SH level = 1.7 V
W101 TMC-73M...Open, TMC-63M...Short
W102 TMC-73M...Short, TMC-63M...Open
W103 TMC-73M...Open, TMC-63M...Short
W104 TMC-73M...Open, TMC-63M...Short
PWB2
W201 TMC-73M...N, TMC-63M...P
W202 Open
W203 NTSC...Open, PAL...Short
W204 NTSC...Open, PAL... Short
W205 Right ide (VD)
PWB3
VR301 B-Y GAIN = 2.4 V
VR302 R-Y GAIN = 3.2 V
VR303 R cont 3200 = 3.8V
VR304 R cont 5600 = 4.0 V
VR305 B cont 3200 = 4.0 V
VR306 B cont 5600 = 3.4V
VR307 R-Y Hue = 3.5 V
VR308 B-Y Hue = 3.0 V
W301, W302 Set to 3200°K
W303 Open (AGC on)
PWB4
VR401 MGC = 2.5 V
VR402 AGC MAX = 3.0 V
VR403 AGC = 2.0 V
VR404 V ub See V ub voltage
VR405 IRIS level = 2.0 V
W401 Keep open. U e MGC/AGC election
W402 NTSC... Open, PAL...Short
4.3.2 FUNCTION TEST
With above etting , the camera will output a good
picture and you can proceed to the fine tuning proce .
4.3.3 WHITE BALANCE
Equipment: Color bar chart (3200°K),
Vector cope, Wave form monitor.
Set AGC and White balance election to Manual ide
( hort to GND).
Set to auto- hutter off(PWB2, A/M to GND).
U e tandard len (Calibrated ) and et the iri to F=8.
For 5600°K, u e blue conver ion filter.
Burst level
Confirm that bur t level on Vector cope i on the 75 %
line.
4.2 PREPARATION
4.2.1 BACK FOCUS ADJUSTMENT (ONLY FOR
OPTIONAL REQUIREMENT)
Subject: Re olution chart
1. Mount the manual len (i.e. Co micar 25mm,
F=1.4).
2. Open the len iri completely and et len focal
length to minimum for the len u ed (e.g. 2 ft.).
3. If image i not focu ed properly, et back focu a
follow .
4. Un crew the M2x3 hex crew on the Front Panel
until the focu ring i loo e.
5. Adju t the ilver back focu ring until the image i
focu ed.
6. Repeat tep 4 and 5 if needed.
C-mount Ring
Back Focu
2 Feet
9
VR403
VR404
VR402
VR405
W401
AGC
M
IRIS
CT+
DR+
DR-
M/C
CT-
TP403
TP402
TP401
J1
11
6
5
1
J2
21
J1
YLOUT
EXT CONT
A/MGC
D/I
CLK
LD
D/O
W303
VR301 VR302
VR303
VR304
VR305
VR306 VR308 VR307
W301 W302
W201
N
P
W205
W204
PN
TP201 W203 W202
N
N
P
A/M
12V IN
GND
Y OUT
CHROMA
GND
VIDEO
W103
P
W102N
W101
W104
TP101 TP102
TP104
VR102 TP103
VR101
PWB1
PWB2
PWB4
PWB3