Pulnix TM-75 User manual

69-0088
Rev.A
TM-75/76 High-Resolution CCD Camera
Imaging Products
Operation Manual

TM-75/75 High-Resolution CCD Camera
Notice
The material contained in this manual consists of information that is proprietary to PULNiX America, Inc., and may only be
used by the purchasers of the product. PULNiX America, Inc. makes no warranty for the use of its product and assumes no
responsibility for any errors which may appear or for damages resulting from the use of the information contained herein.
PULNiX America, Inc. reserves the right to make changes without notice.
Microsoft, Windows 98, Windows 95, Windows NT, and Windows Explorer are either registered trademarks or trademarks
of Microsoft Corporation in the United States and/or other countries.
Warranty
All of our solid-state cameras have a full three-year warranty. If any such product proves defective during this warranty
period, PULNiX America, Inc. will repair the defective product without charge for parts and labor or will provide a replace-
ment in exchange for the defective product. This warranty shall not apply to any damage, defect or failure caused by
improper use or inadequate maintenance and use.
Certifications
CE Compliance
The TM-75/76 camera has been certified to conform to the requirements of Council Directive 89/336/EC for electromag-
netic compatibility and to comply with the following European Standards:
Immunity: EN50082-2/1995
Emissions: EN55011/EN61326-1, Class A
All PULNiX products bearing the CE mark have been declared to be in conformance with the applicable EEC Council
Directives. However, certain factory-installed options or customer-requested modifications may compromise electromag-
netic compatibility and prohibit use of the CE mark. Please note that the use of interconnect cables that are not properly
grounded and shielded may affect CE compliance.
Contact PULNiX Applications Engineering Department for further information regarding CE compliance.
FCC
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the
FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference when the equipment is
operated in a commercial environment. This equipment generates, uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not
installed and used in accordance with the instruction manual, may cause harmful interference to radio communications.
Operation of this equipment in a residential area is likely to cause harmful interference, in which case the user will be
required to correct the interference at his own expense.
WARNING
Changes or modifications to this unit not expressly approved by the party responsible
for FCC compliance could void the user’s authority to operate the equipment.
TM-75/76 Operation Manual
Printing:June 27, 2001
PULNiX America, Inc.
1330 Orleans Drive
Sunnyvale, CA 94089
Tel:[phone]
Tel:[phone]
Fax:[phone]
E-mail: [email protected]
www.pulnix.com
R
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PULNiX AMERICA, INC.
REGISTERED TO ISO-9001
FILE #A3942

i
Table of Contents
TM-75/76 High-Resolution CCD Camera
1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1.1 Product Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1.2 Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1.3 Functional Options. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
1.4 Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
1.5 Interfacing to Frame Grabbers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
1.6 System Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
2 Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
2.1 Getting Started . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
2.1.1 Unpacking Instructions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
2.1.2 Components List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
2.1.3 Accessories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
2.2 Camera Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
2.2.1 Connector Pin Configurations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
2.2.2 Power Supply and Power Cable. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
2.2.3 Attaching the Video Output. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
2.2.4 Attaching the Camera Lens . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
2.2.5 Auto-Iris Lens Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
2.2.6 Monitor Display Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
3 Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
3.1 Mode Switches. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
3.1.1 Mode Selection. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
3.1.2 Internal Shutter Speed Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
3.1.3 Field and Frame Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
3.2 Operating Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
3.2.1 Standard Interlace Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
3.2.2 Cyclic (Continuous) Shutter Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
3.2.3 External Sync Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
3.2.4 Reset-Restart Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
3.2.5 External Shutter Control. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
3.2.6 Non-Interlace Operation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
4 TM-75/76 External Signals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
4.1 External HD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
4.2 External VD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
4.3 Reset-Restart VD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
4.4 External Trigger (TRIG) and Internal Sampling Clock . . . . 14
4.5 Trigger Pulse for Pulse-Width Shutter Control. . . . . . . . . 15
4.6 Trigger Pulse for Snapshot Shutter Control
(Donpisha Mode... No Delay Shutter) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
5 Operation Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
5.1 No Shutter Cyclic (Continuous Sync) Operation . . . . . . . . 16
5.2 High-Speed Continuous (Cyclic) Shutter . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
5.2.1 Field Mode Integration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
5.2.2 Continuous Shutter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
5.3 Snapshot Reset-Restart Shutter (Donpisha Shutter) . . . . . 18

ii
Table of Contents
TM-75/76 High-Resolution CCD Camera
5.4 Pulse Position Reset-Restart Shutter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
5.5 Pulse Width Control Reset-Restart Shutter . . . . . . . . . . . 20
6 Troubleshooting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
6.1 Problems and Solutions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
6.1.1 Symptom: No Video . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
6.2 Troubleshooting Flowchart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
6.3 Troubleshooting Flowchart 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
6.4 Information and Support Resources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
7 Appendix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
7.1 Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
7.1.1 Product Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
7.1.2 Physical Dimensions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
7.1.3 C-Mount Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
7.2 Spectral Response . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
7.2.1 Timing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

iii
List of Figures
TM-75/76 High-Resolution CCD Camera
FIGURE 1. TM-75/76 System Configuration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
FIGURE 2. 12P-02S Interface Cable (optional). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
FIGURE 3. Field/Frame Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
FIGURE 4. External Vd Delay Timing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
FIGURE 5. HD and Reset-Restart (Vd) Relationship . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
FIGURE 6. External Trigger Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
FIGURE 7. Proper Pulse Width Control. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
FIGURE 8. Improper Pulse Timing for Width Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
FIGURE 9. No Shutter Field/Frame Integration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
FIGURE 10. Field Mode Integration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
FIGURE 11. Continuous Shutter Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
FIGURE 12. Donpisha Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
FIGURE 13. Pulse Position Reset-Restart Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
FIGURE 14. Pulse Position Odd Field Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
FIGURE 15. Position Shutter Even Field Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
FIGURE 16. Pulse Width Shutter:Asynchronous Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
FIGURE 17. Pulse Width Shutter: Continuous Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
FIGURE 18. Physical Dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
FIGURE 19. Front End Detail . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
FIGURE 20. Combination With “CS-Mount” Camera . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
FIGURE 21. Spectral Response . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
FIGURE 22. TM-75 Timing Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
FIGURE 23. TM-76 Timing Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

iv
List of Tables
TM-75/76 High-Resolution CCD Camera
TABLE 1. 12-Pin Connector Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5
TABLE 2. Shutter Speed Control and Function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9
TABLE 3. TM-75/76 Product Specifications Table. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26

June 20, 2001
TM-75/76 High-Resolution CCD Camera
TM-75/76 High-Resolution CCD Camera
Operation Manual
1 Introduction
1.1 Product Description
The TM-75 is specifically designed to be a replacement for SONY’s XC-75 camera. It is an inexpensive
yet high-quality camera that meets a variety of application requirements. This miniaturized high-
resolution camera features an advanced Hyper-HAD
*
interline transfer 1/2" CCD imager, and offers
many standard and optional features at a very affordable price. A CCIR-format model, the TM-76, is
also available.
1.2 Features
•
Variable electronic shutter
The substrate drain-type shutter mechanism provides a superb picture at various speeds without
smearing. The electronic shutter rate can be adjusted from 1/60 to 1/10,000 (1/29,100 in some
operating modes) in discrete steps.
•
Miniaturized and lightweight
The use of a CCD image sensor in the video camera module and mini C-mount lenses make it
possible to produce a very compact, lightweight and robust camera small enough to operate just
like a remoted head.
•
High sensitivity
The TM-75/76 camera is one of the most low-light sensitive 1/2" CCD cameras available today.
This feature is especially important when using the faster shutter speeds. It requires only 1.0 lux of
minimum illumination and 0.5 lux minimum illumination at maximum gain. In general, this allows
the use of a higher lens F-value while providing a greater field depth and sharper images.
•
Reset-restart and external trigger mode
*. Hyper-HAD is a trademark of SONY Corporation.

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Introduction
TM-75/76 High-Resolution CCD Camera
The camera can be reset at random timing to restart. It will also take an external trigger signal to
control shutter and reset timing for asynchronous image capturing.
•
Low lag/high resistance to image burning
Because the CCD is highly resistant to image burning, the camera may be exposed to bright objects
for a long period of time. Because a “smear” phenomenon may occur when shooting a very bright
object, an infrared cutoff filter is standard to obtain a clear picture.
•
AGC/MGC selection, manual gain control and gamma adjustment
These adjustments, which are particularly important in vision system applications, are adjustable
via internal switches.
•
Genlock circuit
A genlock circuit is built in to accept external sync for applications in which external sync is
required.
•
High resistance to magnetic field and vibration/mechanical shock
The CCD imager’s rugged design allows it to withstand strong vibration and shock with little or no
noise appearing in the picture. Since the TM-75/76 is not influenced by a magnetic field, it will
produce stable images even when placed next to objects such as electric furnaces, welding
machines or NMR scanners.
•
Quick start-up and low power consumption
Image capture can begin within a fraction of a second after turning on the camera. The power
consumption is only 2.3W, 190mA @12V.
•
Camera mounting flexibility
The TM-75/76 has tapped M3 holes on the top and bottom. A tripod mount is available as an
optional accessory.
•
Three-year warranty
The CCD solid-state image sensor allows the camera to maintain a superior performance level
indefinitely while requiring virtually no maintenance. PULNiX backs all of the TM series cameras
with a three-year warranty.
Warning: Unscrewing the camera cover or opening the camera in any way
will void this warranty unless prior written approval is
obtained from the factory.
1.3 Functional Options
•
Optical Filter Removal (OP3-2) (TM-75/76 comes with an IR cut filter as standard equipment).
•
Glassless CCD Imager (OP21)
•
DC Coupled (OP72)
• NIR CCD
1.4 Applications
The miniature size of the TM-75/76 camera eliminates the need for a remoted imager camera in all but
the most confined spaces. This camera fits easily, both physically and functionally, into all types of
machine vision, automated inspection, and related applications. Other uses include remotely piloted
vehicles, miniature inspection devices, surveillance, microscopes, and medical equipment.

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Introduction
TM-75/76 High-Resolution CCD Camera
1.5 Interfacing to Frame Grabbers
The TM-75/76 camera can be connected to a frame grabber using either the 12-pin connector or the
BNC connector on the rear panel of the camera.
1.6 System Configuration
Figure 1 (below) presents a typical system configuration for the TM-75.
FIGURE 1.
TM-75/76 System Configuration
Monitor
Power
Ext. Sync
Trigger
VIdeo Output*
Computer with
Frame Grabber
Board
* Video Output is the same as BNC connector
VIDEO
POWER
GAIN
AGC MGC

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Installation
TM-75/76 High-Resolution CCD Camera
2 Installation
The following instructions are provided to help you to set up your video camera system quickly and
easily. We suggest that you read through these instructions before unpacking and setting up your camera
system.
2.1 Getting Started
2.1.1 Unpacking Instructions
We recommend that you save the original packing cartons for the cameras and lenses in case you need to
return or exchange an item.
We also recommend that you bench-test any equipment being sent to another location for field
installation to assure that everything is fully operational as a system.
2.1.2 Components List
Please begin by checking your order against the Components List (below) to assure that you have
received everything as ordered, and that nothing has been overlooked in the packing materials. If any
item is missing, please contact your PULNiX representative immediately.
•
TM-75/76 camera
•
TM-75/76 data sheet
•
TM-75/76 operation manual (if ordered)
2.1.3 Accessories
Following is a list of additional accessories or equipment that may be recommended or required for your
particular application. Please check with your PULNiX representative before installing your video
system to determine what you might need.
•
Power Cable: 12P-02S Interface Cable
•
Power Supply: PD-12UU, PD-12UE, and K series
• Tripod mount: 32-2000 (AT-34)
2.2 Camera Setup
2.2.1 Connector Pin Configurations
The TM-75/76 has a 12-pin connector for power input. In general, Pin #1 is
Ground and Pin #2 is +12V DC. The other pins handle a number of other input
and output functions, as shown in the table below.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11 12

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Installation
TM-75/76 High-Resolution CCD Camera
TABLE 1.
12-Pin Connector Configuration
Note: External sync and trigger
2.2.2 Power Supply and Power Cable
2.2.2 (a) Power Supplies
PULNiX recommends the following power supplies:
K25-12 110V AC/12V DC 2.1A power supply (OEM type)
K50-12 110V AC/12V DC 4.2A power supply (OEM type)
PD-12UU 100-240V AC/12V DC 1.2A universal voltage power supply,
US plug
PD-12UUP PD-12UU with12-pin connector US plug
PD-12UE PD-12UU European plug
PD-12UEP PD-12UU with 12-pin connector European plug
If you are providing power through the 12-pin connector, the PD-12UUP power supply is available with
the 12-pin mating connector already attached to the leads from the power supply. The PD-12UU power
supply can be connected to the PULNiX power cable via a terminal strip or directly.
When wiring the PD-12UU power supply directly, please note the following:
•The lead ends must be twisted together and tin soldered for strength and electrical continuity.
•Shrink tubing or a similar insulator should be used to prevent exposed leads from touching.
•The +12V lead is marked with a red stripe or white lettering; be sure not to reverse the leads.
•All connections must be properly insulated to prevent shorting.
2.2.2 (b) PULNiX Power Cables
If you are using PULNiX power cables, such as the 12P-02S, please refer to the appropriate pin-out
diagram. The color coded leads use Gray for Ground and Yellow for +12V DC.
Pin Description Pin Description
1 GND (power) 7 VD Input
2 +12V DC 8 GND
3 GND (analog) 9 TRIG Input
4 Video Out 10 N/C
5 GND (digital) 11 N/C
6 HD Input 12 GND (digital)

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Installation
TM-75/76 High-Resolution CCD Camera
FIGURE 2. 12P-02S Interface Cable (optional)
Note: Make sure that the unused leads are not touching and that there is no possibility that the
leads could short due to exposed wires.
2.2.2 (c) “K” Series Power Supplies
The “K” series power supplies are designed primarily for OEM users who will be mounting the power
supply inside a protective enclosure. For use in exposed situations, the PD-12UU series power supplies
are recommended. Follow the directions below to connect a “K” series power supply.
1. Attach the 110V line cord to the two terminals marked “AC.” Do not plug the cord into a 110V AC
socket until you have completed steps 2 and 3.
2. Attach the Gray and Yellow leads of the power cable to the Ground and 12V DC terminals, respec-
tively.
3. Replace the plastic terminal guard on the power supply.
2.2.2 (d) Building Your Own Power Cable
Consult the pin-out for the camera purchased. Connect the Ground and +12V power leads of the PD-
12UUP power connector to Pin #1 and Pin #2, respectively (power must be DC regulated, and of
sufficient current to properly power the camera).
2.2.2 (e) Attaching the Power Cable to the Connector
The 12-pin connector is keyed and will only fit in one orientation. Follow these directions to properly
attach the power cable to the camera connector:
1. Rotate the connector while applying slight pressure until the keyways line up.
2. Press the connector into place until firmly seated.
12P-02S Interface Cable
Pin# Lead Color Function Pin# Lead Color Function
1 Gray GND 7 Black coax VD Input
2 Yellow +12V DC 8 White coax shield GND
3 Red coax shield GND 9 White coax TRIG Input
4 Red coax Video 10 Brown N/C
5 Orange coax shield GND 11 Blue N/C
6 Orange coax HD Input 12 Black coax shield GND
132mm
2,000mm±10mm
(2 Meters)
PC-12P (Hirose Part #10A-10P-12S/PC12P)
Flying
Leads
1

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Installation
TM-75/76 High-Resolution CCD Camera
3. Plug the power cord into the 110V AC socket (or the proper AC line). This will power the camera
up.
2.2.3 Attaching the Video Output
Most users utilize the BNC connector for video output from the camera. Connect the output from the
camera to the input of your monitor, VCR, or switching device. The input of the monitor should be
balanced for 75Ωtermination. Standard RG-59 type coaxial cable should carry a full video signal for up
to 500 feet.
To output the video and input the power and sync to a camera over a single cable, use the PULNiX
multi-conductor cables, such as the 12P-02S, etc. The mini coaxial leads in PULNiX multi-conductor
cables are designed for short runs of no longer than 100 feet.
Note: Make sure that no extraneous wires are visible which could cause a short.
2.2.4 Attaching the Camera Lens
The TM-75/76 camera accepts 1/2" or larger format size C-mount lenses. To attach the C-mount lens to
the camera, carefully engage the threads and rotate the lens clockwise until it firmly seats on the
mounting ring. Do not force the lens if it does not seat properly. Please note that some lenses with
extremely long flangebacks may exceed the mounting depth of the camera.
2.2.5 Auto-Iris Lens Setup
Auto-iris lenses with full video input can be used with the PULNiX TM-75, although this camera model
does not come equipped with auto-iris output.
Note: Make sure that the power is removed from the camera before connecting or disconnecting
the auto-iris lens. There is a small chance that the auto-iris lens could be damaged by
plugging or unplugging it while the camera is powered up.
Power down the camera before installing the auto-iris lens. To install the auto-iris lens in a PULNiX
camera for which the auto-iris input is not supplied, wire the signal (video) on the lens into the terminal
1 Vp-p video output on the camera.
Point the camera at a light area and then quickly towards a darker area. If everything is working
properly, the iris should adjust for the light change.
2.2.6 Monitor Display Mode
For monitoring real-time video, connect the video output to a video monitor or other device.

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Operation
TM-75/76 High-Resolution CCD Camera
3 Operation
3.1 Mode Switches
3.1.1 Mode Selection
NO Mode Switch Function
OFF ON
1 Cyclic/Async Cyclic Async Select continuous sync or async
2 FRM/FLD Frame Field Frame mode and Field mode
3 F1 OFF ON Function selection for Trigger mode
4 F2 VD R-R External VD or R-R mode selection
Factory Set is:
Gamma=1.0
Mode switch ON/OFF Mode
1 OFF Cyclic
2 OFF Frame mode
3 OFF No TRIG mode
4 OFF External HD, VD Mode
Shutter = 0 No shutter
TO FRONT
MODE
SHUTTER
GAMMA
1.0
0.45
1234
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
A
B
C
D
E
F
O
N

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Operation
TM-75/76 High-Resolution CCD Camera
3.1.2 Internal Shutter Speed Control
Note: In order to enable Reset-Restart sync pulse, F2 function selection must be ON. Normal
external VD is detected automatically when F2 is OFF. In this mode, if there is no external
VD, internal VD is automatically generated.
3.1.3 Field and Frame Modes
The standard factory setting for the TM-75/76 camera is FRAME MODE. The field and frame
integration mode is selectable using the #2 switch of the mode switch inside the camera. The frame
integration is used to separate all CCD pixels. The exposure of Odd and Even fields generates the full
frame image shown in Figure 3, “Field/Frame Diagram,” on page 10.
TABLE 2. Shutter Speed Control and Function
Mode SW Rotary SW Shutter Speed Trigger
F1 NO. Second H lines
OFF 0 No shutter
OFF 1 1/60 261.5
OFF 2 1/100 157.5
OFF 3 1/120 130.5
OFF 4 1/250 62.5
OFF 5 1/500 31.5
OFF 6 1/1,000 15.5
OFF 7 1/1,500 10.5
OFF 8 1/2,000 7.5
OFF 9 1/2,800 5.5
OFF A 1/3,500 4.5
OFF B 1/4,500 3.5
OFF C 1/6,000 2.5
OFF D 1/10,000 1.5
OFF E 1/29,000 0.5
ON D Snapshota
a. Snapshot mode is similar to Donpisha mode.
Variable >0 Positive
ON E RR Position Variable >0.5 Positive
ON F RR Width Variable >2.5 Positive

Page 10
Operation
TM-75/76 High-Resolution CCD Camera
FIGURE 3. Field/Frame Diagram
3.1.3 (a) Field Mode
In Field mode, two horizontal rows are scanned simultaneously. At each interlace scan, the scanned
pairs are changed. Thus the sensitivity of the CCD is doubled for one field of integration. When
compared to Frame mode, in which each horizontal row is scanned separately, Field mode obtains the
same sensitivity in half the time period. The field integration is done by combining two pixel rows
(binning) together and each pair alternates as interlace scan is generated. Row 1 is binned with row 2,
and row 3 is binned with row 4. In Field 2, row 2 is binned with row 3, row 4 with row 5, and so on. The
field mode is very effective in shutter mode since the pixel sensitivity is doubled for field integration (1/
60 sec) and equals with frame mode (one row at 1/30 sec). Since shutter mode is only one field output
per shutter and darker than normal image, two-row binning is effective. This mode also reduces interlace
moire when a sharp horizontal pattern is observed.
Moire is unnoticeable because of alternating two-row scanning. The vertical resolution in Field mode is
not as good as that in Frame mode, but it is sufficient to view the full vertical resolution of the TV
format.
Note: 1. Since only one field are output in the Field mode, it cannot provide full frame resolution
in strobe lighting applications.
2. The TM-76(CCIR) is 1/50 sec. for Field and 1/25 sec. for Frame mode.
3.1.3 (b) Frame Mode
In Frame mode, each horizontal row is scanned as interlace scanning. The integration of each pixel is
one frame period. In Frame mode, vertical pixel resolution is good, and the exact location is obtained. In
comparison with Field mode, however, Frame mode has the disadvantage of showing vertical Moire.
Frame mode should be used in applications that need strobe lighting, because full frame resolution is
achieved in this mode. For higher pixel definition such as gauging and sub-pixel interpolation, Frame
mode operation is recommended.
123261 262 263 264 524 525 261 262 263 264 524 525
123 123 261 262 263 264 524 525
HD
VD
Odd
Field
Even
Field
Odd Odd OddEven Even Even
Odd Odd OddEven Even Even
Frame Integration
Field Integration
Even
Field
Odd
Field
Even
Field
Odd
Field

Page 11
Operation
TM-75/76 High-Resolution CCD Camera
3.2 Operating Modes
Besides normal operation, the TM-75/76 supports the following versatile operations that can be
selected:
•Standard Interlace Mode
Field integration Mode
Frame Integration Mode
•External Sync Mode
•Interlace Scan Mode
•Non-interlace Scan Mode
•Reset-Restart Mode with Electronic Shutter
Trigger Width Mode
Trigger Position Mode
Snapshot Mode (Donpisha Mode)
3.2.1 Standard Interlace Mode
See Section 5, “Operation Mode,” for setting and operation of modes.
3.2.1 (a) Field Mode and Frame Mode
The field and frame integration mode is selectable. The frame integration is used to separate all CCD
pixels and the exposure of Odd and Even fields generate the full frame image shown in the figure below.
3.2.1 (b) Field Mode Binning
The field integration is done by combining two pixel rows (binning) together, each pair alternating as
interlace scan is generated. Row 1 is binned with row 2, and row 3 is binned with row 4. In Field 2, row
2 is binned with row 3, row 4 with row 5, and so on.
3.2.2 Cyclic (Continuous) Shutter Mode
With rotary switch shutter control, the TM-75/76 operates at the internally predefined shutter speeds.
Each field output is exposed for the same period. The shutter control varies the substrate discharge
timing. The duration between the shutter pulse and transfer gate timing (9.5H from VD leading edge for
EIA, 14.5H for CCIR) decides the exposure time. The following four cyclic shutter modes are available:
•High-Speed Cyclic Shutter mode
•Trigger Position Reset/Restart Shutter mode
•Trigger Width Reset/Restart Shutter mode
•Snapshot Reset/Restart Shutter mode
Contact PULNiX for timing charts of various cyclic shutter modes.

Page 12
Operation
TM-75/76 High-Resolution CCD Camera
3.2.3 External Sync Mode
TM-75/76 accepts standard RS-170 external sync, which is defined as horizontal sync (HD) and vertical
sync (VD). The phase-locked loop jitter is designed to be the minimum (< 5ns) in this category using the
latest PLL chip. The wide capture range enables the camera to operate at an extended temperature range
(optional) of -35°C to 65°C. HD and VD input is TTL level and the input impedance is 75Ω.
3.2.4 Reset-Restart Mode
The camera can be reset asynchronously using EXT VD. In this mode, the camera needs multiple VD
pulses to output valid images, depending on whether it is set to Field or Frame mode. Usually, the first
field (Field mode) or the first frame (Frame mode) are garbage because of previous signal residuals prior
to reset. A frame grabber has to know which frame or field to capture. External HD also must be applied
for this operation.
3.2.5 External Shutter Control
The shutter speed or exposure can be controlled with external pulse (TRIG) in this mode. In
combination with Reset-Restart Pulse (EXT VD), the camera can be externally controlled for image-
capture timing as well as for exposure time.
This is an excellent application for capturing multiple images (two fields of images) of indexing objects
under various lighting or brightness conditions. When Frame mode is selected, the full vertical
resolution is achieved by taking two fields of shutter images, whether or not you are using an electronic
shutter.
3.2.6 Non-Interlace Operation
With non-interlace external sync, the camera operates at non-interlace scanning. External VD for TM-75
must be generated at integer of 262H ± 8H (Standard interlace is 262.5 H). For the TM-76, it must be
312H ±8H, and the interlace scan is 312.5H.

Page 13
TM-75/76 External Signals
TM-75/76 High-Resolution CCD Camera
4 TM-75/76 External Signals
This section explains how the external signals (HD and VD) and shutter trigger signal (TRIG) must be
fed in External sync (HD, VD sync) and Reset-Restart operation.
4.1 External HD
When external HD is supplied to pin #6 of the 12-pin connector, the TM-75/76 automatically switches
the clock to phase-lock to the external clock via HD PLL (phase lock loop). The PLL detects the leading
edge of external HD and Phase compare with the internal HD. Then PLL circuit generates internal clock
to phase-lock with the external clock. Therefore, the leading edges of both external and internal HD are
in exactly the same position. The PLL capture range is ±5% of fHD (=15.734KHz: EIA, 15.625: CCIR).
It is, however, advisable to stay within ±1% of fHD frequency to assure the best PLL jitter
characteristics. Without the presence of external HD, the TM-75/76 maintains the internal sync. The
input impedance of external HD and VD is 75Ωat factory set. A high-impedance option is also
available.
4.2 External VD
The TM-75/76 interface circuit deliberately delays external VD by two pixel clock (14 nsec) to ensure
the stable reset of VD in relation to external HD.
FIGURE 4. External Vd Delay Timing
For HD, VD external sync operation, apply VD to pin #7 of the 12-pin connector. The input impedance
is 75Ω. The VD reset range is from 244H to 1023.5H. For normal RS-170 operation, the VD must be
interlace scan at 262.5H (59.94 Hz = 16.7 msec). At 525H, it generates one full frame timing. The
integer (i.e. 262) reset makes non-interlace sync operation. Half H number (i.e. 262.5) makes interlace
scanning.
Note: The TM-76 vertical scan is 625H. VD is defined as 312.5H (50Hz).
4.3 Reset-Restart VD
For Reset-Restart VD operation, VD is asynchronous in relation to any previous VD. Depending on
field or frame mode, however, once the first VD is asynchronously set, consecutive VD must be
generated to obtain proper images. I n general, the first field in field mode or the first frame in frame
mode is not usable because they are previous images prior to reset. A frame grabber has to know which
frame or field to capture. External HD must be applied for this operation.
EXT HD
EXT VD (R.R.)
Internal VD
Two-pixel delay

Page 14
TM-75/76 External Signals
TM-75/76 High-Resolution CCD Camera
For External HD, VD sync mode or Reset-Restart mode selection, please refer to Section 3.1.1, “Mode
Selection,” on page 8. Mode switch F2 must be set to ON for R-R mode and keep it OFF for normal HD,
VD external sync mode.
FIGURE 5. HD and Reset-Restart (VD) Relationship
4.4 External Trigger (TRIG) and Internal Sampling Clock
To ensure stable operation without the influence of jitter, the TM-75/76 samples shutter trigger pulse
(TRIG) by internal sampling clock (LCLK) and detects the low to high level change of TRIG. The
sampling occurs only at HD leading edge timing to generate the internal TRIG as shown below.
Therefore, the external TRIG pulse must be wider than 1H (64 µsec) for pulse width and pulse position
shutter control. All trigger pulse modes must work with Reset-Restart VD, which is described in
Section 5, “Operation Mode,” The TRIG input is pin #9 of the12-pin connector and the input impedance
is 100Ω.
FIGURE 6. External Trigger Timing
Odd
Field
Even
Field
Even
Field
Field Mode
Video
Frame Mode
Video
Field Mode VD
(Min. 2 pulses)
Frame Mode VD
(Min. 4 pulses)
EXT. HD for PLL
Invalid image Invalid image
Invalid images
Good image
(one field only)
Good image
Good images
(one full frame)
(Relationship with HD and Reset-Restart VD affects Odd or Even field output)
Even
Field
Odd
Field
Odd
Field
Odd
Field
Even
Field
Odd
Field
Even
Field
Field Images
(alternate different fields)
EXT. HD
EXT. TRIG
PIXEL CLOCK
LCLCK
INTERNAL TRIG (NORMAL)
Sampling