q-Tech QSW-3900 User manual

QTECHSoftwareConfigurationManual
I
QSW-3900EthernetSwitch
User’sManual

QTECHSoftwareConfigurationManual
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Content
Chapter1 AccessingSwitch..................................................................................................................1-13
1.1 Command Line Interface..........................................................................................................1-13
1.1.1 Command Line Configuration Mode......................................................................1-13
1.1.2 Command SyntaxComprehension........................................................................1-15
1.1.3 SyntaxHelp............................................................................................................1-15
1.1.4 Historycommand...................................................................................................1-16
1.1.5 Symbolsincommand.............................................................................................1-16
1.2 Command SymbolsDescription................................................................................................1-16
1.2.1 Command ParameterCategories..........................................................................1-17
1.3 Usermanagement....................................................................................................................1-17
1.3.1 Systemdefault username.....................................................................................1-18
1.3.2 Add user.................................................................................................................1-18
1.3.3 Modifypassword....................................................................................................1-18
1.3.4 Modifyprivilege......................................................................................................1-18
1.3.5 Removeusername................................................................................................1-19
1.3.6 Viewsystemuserinformation................................................................................1-19
1.4 Remoteauthenticationofadministrator.....................................................................................1-19
1.4.1 Start RADIUS/TACACS+remoteauthentication....................................................1-20
1.4.2 Displayauthentication configuration......................................................................1-20
1.5 Waysofmanaging switch.........................................................................................................1-20
1.5.1 Manageswitchbyhyperterminal..........................................................................1-20
1.5.2 Manageswitchbytelnet.........................................................................................1-21
1.6 Briefintroduction ofSSH..........................................................................................................1-21
1.7 SSHConfiguration list..............................................................................................................1-21
1.7.1 Enable/disableSSHfunction ofthe device............................................................1-22
1.7.2 SSHkeyconfiguration............................................................................................1-22
1.7.3 Others.....................................................................................................................1-23
Chapter2 SwitchManageand Maintenance........................................................................................2-24
2.1 SystemIPconfiguration............................................................................................................2-24
2.2 Configuremanage IPinterface.................................................................................................2-24
2.3 Configuration ipaddressbymanualoperation..........................................................................2-24
2.4 Configuration FilesManagement..............................................................................................2-24
2.4.1 Edit configuration files............................................................................................2-24
2.4.2 Modifyand savecurrent configuration...................................................................2-24
2.4.3 Erasesaved configuration.....................................................................................2-25
2.4.4 Executesaved configuration..................................................................................2-25
2.4.5 Displaysaved configuration...................................................................................2-25
2.4.6 Displaycurrent configuration.................................................................................2-25
2.4.7 Configurefileexecutingmode shift........................................................................2-25
2.5 Online Loading Upgrade Program............................................................................................2-26
2.5.1 Upload and download filesbyTFTP......................................................................2-26
2.5.2 Upload and download filesby FTP........................................................................2-26
2.5.3 Download filesbyXmodem...................................................................................2-27
2.6 Reboot.....................................................................................................................................2-28
2.7 SystemMaintenance................................................................................................................2-28
2.7.1 BasicConfiguration andManagement...................................................................2-28
2.7.2 Networkconnectingtest command........................................................................2-29
2.7.3 Loopback test command........................................................................................2-30
2.7.4 Remoteaccess restriction......................................................................................2-30
2.7.5 ThenumberofTelnet userrestriction....................................................................2-30
2.7.6 Routingtracert command.......................................................................................2-31
2.7.7 Packetsratelimit toCPU.......................................................................................2-31

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2.8 MonitorsystembySNMP.........................................................................................................2-32
2.8.1 Briefintroduction ofSNMP.....................................................................................2-32
2.9 SNMPMechanism....................................................................................................................2-32
2.10 SNMPProtocolVersion............................................................................................................2-33
2.11 MIBOverview...........................................................................................................................2-33
2.12 SNMPConfiguration.................................................................................................................2-33
2.12.1 Configurecommunitynameand accessingright...................................................2-34
2.12.2 ConfiguresysContact.............................................................................................2-34
2.12.3 ConfigureTrapdestination host adress.................................................................2-35
2.12.4 ConfiguresysLocation............................................................................................2-35
2.12.5 ConfiguresysName................................................................................................2-35
2.12.6 Configurenotify......................................................................................................2-36
2.12.7 Configureengine id................................................................................................2-36
2.12.8 Configureview........................................................................................................2-37
2.12.9 Configuregroup.....................................................................................................2-37
2.12.10 Configureuser........................................................................................................2-38
2.13 Enable/disabledlfforwordpacket.............................................................................................2-39
2.14 CPUAlarmConfiguration..........................................................................................................2-39
2.14.1 Briefintroduction ofCPUalarm.............................................................................2-39
2.14.2 CPUalarmconfiguration list..................................................................................2-39
2.14.3 Enable/disableCPUalarm.....................................................................................2-39
2.14.4 ConfigureCPUbusyorunbusythreshold.............................................................2-40
2.14.5 DisplayCPUalarminformation..............................................................................2-40
2.15 Anti-DOSAttack.......................................................................................................................2-40
2.15.1 IPsegment anti-attack...........................................................................................2-40
Chapter3 MACaddress tablemanagement.........................................................................................3-41
3.1 Introduction toBridging.............................................................................................................3-41
3.2 MajorFunctionalitiesofBridges................................................................................................3-41
3.2.1 Maintainingthe bridgetable...................................................................................3-41
3.2.2 Forwardingand filtering..........................................................................................3-43
3.3 Briefintroduction ofMACaddress tablemanagement...............................................................3-45
3.4 MACaddress tablemanagementlist........................................................................................3-45
3.5 ConfiguresystemMACaddress aging time..............................................................................3-45
3.6 ConfigureMACaddressitem....................................................................................................3-46
3.6.1 Add MACaddress..................................................................................................3-46
3.6.2 Add blackholeMACaddress..................................................................................3-46
3.6.3 DeleteMACaddress item......................................................................................3-47
3.6.4 DisplayMACaddress table....................................................................................3-47
3.6.5 Enable/disableMACaddress learning...................................................................3-47
3.6.6 DisplayMACaddress learning...............................................................................3-47
3.6.7 ModifyMACaddress learningmode......................................................................3-48
Chapter4 Port Configuration.................................................................................................................4-49
4.1 Port configuration introduction..................................................................................................4-49
4.2 Port Configuration....................................................................................................................4-49
4.2.1 Port related configuration.......................................................................................4-49
4.2.2 Enterinterfaceconfiguration mode........................................................................4-49
4.2.3 Enable/disablespecified interface.........................................................................4-49
4.2.4 Configureinterfaceduplexmode andspeed rate..................................................4-50
4.2.5 InterfacePriorityConfiguration..............................................................................4-50
4.2.6 Interfacedescription configuration.........................................................................4-50
4.2.7 Ingress/egress bandwidth-controlconfiguration....................................................4-51
4.2.8 Enable/disableVLANfiltration ofreceivingpacket ofinterface.............................4-51
4.2.9 Interfaceingress acceptable-frameconfiguration..................................................4-51

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4.2.10 Enable/disableinterfaceflow-control.....................................................................4-51
4.2.11 Port mode configuration.........................................................................................4-52
4.2.12 Trunkallowed VLANconfiguration.........................................................................4-52
4.2.13 Thedefault vlan-idoftrunkport configuration.......................................................4-52
4.2.14 Add access port tospecified VLAN.......................................................................4-52
4.2.15 Displayinterfaceinformation..................................................................................4-53
4.2.16 Display/ clearinterfacestatistics information.........................................................4-53
4.3 Interfacemirror.........................................................................................................................4-53
4.3.1 Briefintroduction ofinterfacemirror.......................................................................4-53
4.3.2 Interfacemirrorconfiguration.................................................................................4-53
4.4 Briefintroduction ofPortLACP.................................................................................................4-54
4.4.1 LACP......................................................................................................................4-54
4.4.2 ManualLinkAggregation.......................................................................................4-55
4.4.3 StaticLACPlinkaggregation..................................................................................4-56
4.5 Load-BalanceinaLinkAggregation Group...............................................................................4-57
4.6 Aggregation PortGroup............................................................................................................4-57
4.7 Linkaggregation configuration..................................................................................................4-57
4.8 InterfaceBPDU-rateconfiguration............................................................................................4-59
4.8.1 Briefintroduction ofinterfaceCAR.........................................................................4-59
4.8.2 Port CARconfiguration command list....................................................................4-59
4.8.3 Enable/disableinterfaceglobally...........................................................................4-59
4.8.4 Enable/disableinterfaceCARon interface............................................................4-59
4.8.5 Configurethe reopen timeofthe port shutdownbyport-car.................................4-59
4.8.6 Configurethe port-car-rate.....................................................................................4-60
4.8.7 Displayport-carinformation...................................................................................4-60
4.9 PortAlarmConfiguration..........................................................................................................4-60
4.9.1 Briefintroduction ofport alarmconfiguration.........................................................4-60
4.9.2 Port alarmconfiguration list...................................................................................4-60
4.9.3 Enable/disableport alarmglobally.........................................................................4-60
4.9.4 Enable/disableport alarmon the port....................................................................4-61
4.9.5 Configurethe exceed thresholdand normalthresholdofport alarm....................4-61
4.9.6 Displayport alarm..................................................................................................4-61
4.10 Shutdown-controlfeature..........................................................................................................4-62
4.11 Interfaceshutdown-controlconfiguration list.............................................................................4-62
4.11.1 Configuration mode and time.................................................................................4-62
4.11.2 Configuration interfaceshutdown-control..............................................................4-62
4.11.3 Displayshutdown-control.......................................................................................4-62
4.12 Portisolation configuration.......................................................................................................4-62
4.13 Stromcontrol configuration.......................................................................................................4-63
Chapter5 VLANConfiguration..............................................................................................................5-64
5.1 Introduction toVLAN................................................................................................................5-64
5.1.1 VLANOverview......................................................................................................5-64
5.1.2 VLANFundamental................................................................................................5-65
5.1.3 VLANClassification................................................................................................5-65
5.1.4 VLANInterface.......................................................................................................5-65
5.1.5 Port-Based and 802.1Q VLAN...............................................................................5-66
5.1.6 Port linktype...........................................................................................................5-66
5.1.7 Default VLAN..........................................................................................................5-66
5.1.8 SuperVLAN...........................................................................................................5-66
5.1.9 VLANinterfacetype...............................................................................................5-66
5.1.10 Default VLAN..........................................................................................................5-67
5.2 VLANconfiguration list.............................................................................................................5-67
5.2.1 Create/deleteVLAN...............................................................................................5-67

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5.2.2 Add/deleteVLANinterface.....................................................................................5-68
5.2.3 Specify/restoreVLANdescription..........................................................................5-68
5.2.4 Configureinterfacetype.........................................................................................5-68
5.2.5 Configureinterfacedefault vlan ID.........................................................................5-68
5.2.6 Configuretagvlan..................................................................................................5-69
5.2.7 DisplayVLANinformation......................................................................................5-69
5.3 Briefintroduction ofGVRP........................................................................................................5-69
5.3.1 GARPprotocol.......................................................................................................5-69
5.3.2 Briefintroduction ofGVRP.....................................................................................5-70
5.3.3 GARPmessagesand timers..................................................................................5-70
5.4 GVRPConfiguration list............................................................................................................5-72
5.4.1 Enable/disableglobalGVRP..................................................................................5-72
5.4.2 Enable/disableGVRPon aport.............................................................................5-73
5.4.3 DisplayGVRP........................................................................................................5-73
5.4.4 Add/deletevlan that canbedynamiclearnt byGVRP...........................................5-73
5.4.5 Displayvlan that canbelearnt byGVRP...............................................................5-73
5.4.6 ExamplesforGVRPconfiguration.........................................................................5-74
5.5 Briefintroduction ofQinQ.........................................................................................................5-74
5.5.1 IntroductiontoQinQ...............................................................................................5-74
5.5.2 ImplementationsofQinQ.......................................................................................5-75
5.5.3 AdjustableTPIDValueofQinQ Frames................................................................5-75
5.6 QinQ configuration list..............................................................................................................5-76
5.6.1 ConfigureglobalQinQ............................................................................................5-76
5.6.2 ConfigureQinQ mode ofinterface.........................................................................5-76
5.6.3 ConfigureinterfacedynamicQinQ.........................................................................5-77
5.6.4 Enable/disablevlan-swap......................................................................................5-77
5.6.5 Configureglobalvlan-swap....................................................................................5-78
5.6.6 Configurerewrite-outer-vlan..................................................................................5-78
5.6.7 DisplaydynamicQinQ............................................................................................5-78
5.6.8 Displayvlan-swap..................................................................................................5-79
5.6.9 Displayrewrite-outer-vlan......................................................................................5-79
Chapter6 Layer3Configuration...........................................................................................................6-80
6.1 Brief Introduction of Layer3switching......................................................................................6-80
6.2 Layer3Cnfiguration list............................................................................................................6-80
6.2.1 VLANdivision and thecreation oflayer3interface...............................................6-80
6.2.2 Transmission mode configuration..........................................................................6-80
6.2.3 CreateVLANinterfacefornormalVLAN...............................................................6-81
6.2.4 CreatesuperVLANinterfaceand add VLANtosuperVLAN..................................6-81
6.2.5 ConfigureIPaddress forVLANinterfaceorsuperVLANinterface........................6-81
6.2.6 ConfigureaccessingIPaddress rangeofVLANorsuperVLAN
interface6-81
6.2.7 ARPproxyconfiguration........................................................................................6-82
6.2.8 Displayinterfaceconfiguration...............................................................................6-82
6.3 Briefintroduction ofstaticrouting..............................................................................................6-82
6.3.1 Default Route.........................................................................................................6-82
6.3.2 Application Environment ofStaticRouting.............................................................6-83
6.4 Staticrouting configuration list..................................................................................................6-83
6.4.1 Add/deletestaticroute...........................................................................................6-83
6.4.2 Displayroutetableinformation..............................................................................6-83
Chapter7 RIPConfiguration..................................................................................................................7-84
7.1 Briefintroduction ofRIP............................................................................................................7-84
7.2 RIPOverview...........................................................................................................................7-84
7.2.1 RIPWorkingMechanism........................................................................................7-85

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7.2.2 RIPVersion............................................................................................................7-86
7.2.3 RIPMessageFormat.............................................................................................7-86
7.2.4 TRIP.......................................................................................................................7-87
7.2.5 ProtocolsandStandards........................................................................................7-88
7.3 RIPconfiguration list.................................................................................................................7-88
7.3.1 EnableRIP.............................................................................................................7-89
7.3.2 SpecifyIPnetworktorun RIPprotocol..................................................................7-89
7.3.3 RIPworkingstatusofspecified interface...............................................................7-89
7.3.4 RIPversion ofspecified interface..........................................................................7-89
7.3.5 Enablehost routing................................................................................................7-90
7.3.6 Enablerouteconvergence.....................................................................................7-90
7.3.7 Configureauthentication toRIPpacket.................................................................7-90
7.3.8 Configuresplit........................................................................................................7-90
7.3.9 Configuremetricin..................................................................................................7-91
7.3.10 Define prefixlist......................................................................................................7-91
7.3.11 Configureredistribution..........................................................................................7-91
7.3.12 Configuredistribute-list..........................................................................................7-91
7.3.13 DisplayRIPconfiguration.......................................................................................7-92
Chapter8 OSPFConfiguration..............................................................................................................8-93
8.1 Briefintroduction ofOSPF........................................................................................................8-93
8.1.1 BasicConcepts......................................................................................................8-94
8.1.2 OSPFArea Partition and RouteSummarization....................................................8-95
8.1.3 Classification ofOSPFNetworks.........................................................................8-100
8.1.4 DR and BDR.........................................................................................................8-101
8.1.5 OSPFPacket Formats.........................................................................................8-102
8.1.6 Supported OSPFFeatures..................................................................................8-109
8.1.7 ProtocolsandStandards......................................................................................8-111
8.2 OSPF Configuration list...........................................................................................................8-111
8.2.1 Enable/disableOSPF...........................................................................................8-112
8.2.2 ConfigurerouterID...............................................................................................8-112
8.2.3 Specifyinterfaceandarea id................................................................................8-112
8.2.4 Configurearea authentication type......................................................................8-112
8.2.5 Configureinterfacetype.......................................................................................8-113
8.2.6 Configureinterfacecost.......................................................................................8-113
8.2.7 Configureprioritywhen selectingDR..................................................................8-114
8.2.8 ConfigureHellotimeinterval................................................................................8-114
8.2.9 Configureinterfaceinvalidtimeofneighbourrouters..........................................8-115
8.2.10 Configureretransmission LSAtimeintervalofneighborrouter...........................8-115
8.2.11 Configuretimeneeded when interfacesendinglinkstateupdate
packet..............................................................................................................................8-115
8.2.12 Configurepacket authenticationkey....................................................................8-116
8.2.13 ConfigureSTUBarea ofOSPF............................................................................8-116
8.2.14 ConfigurerouteconvergenceinOSPF................................................................8-117
8.2.15 ConfigureOSPFvirtualconnection......................................................................8-117
8.2.16 Configurerouteintroduced byOSPFotherrouteprotocol..................................8-118
8.2.17 ConfigureOSPFintroduceddefault route............................................................8-118
8.2.18 Configureexternalrouteparameterreceived byOSPF......................................8-119
8.2.19 OSPFmonitorand maintain.................................................................................8-119
Chapter9 BGPConfiguration..............................................................................................................9-120
9.1 Brief Introduction of BGP........................................................................................................9-120
9.2 BGPConfiguration.................................................................................................................9-120
9.2.1 Enable/disableBGP.............................................................................................9-121
9.2.2 ConfigureBGPpeer.............................................................................................9-121

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9.2.3 ConfigureBGPtimer............................................................................................9-122
9.2.4 Configurelocalpreference...................................................................................9-123
9.2.5 ConfigureAS MED...............................................................................................9-123
9.2.6 CompareMEDfromdifferentAS neighbors........................................................9-123
9.2.7 ConfigureBGProuteaggregation........................................................................9-124
9.2.8 Configurerouteinformation ofIGPprotocolintroduced byBGP.........................9-124
9.2.9 ConfigureBGPdistribution list.............................................................................9-124
9.2.10 Define AS pathlist................................................................................................9-124
9.2.11 BGPmonitorand maintenance............................................................................9-125
Chapter10 Multicast ProtocolConfiguration.......................................................................................10-127
10.1 Multicast overview................................................................................................................10-127
10.1.1 MulticastAddress...............................................................................................10-127
10.2 GMRPOverview...................................................................................................................10-129
10.3 GMRPConfiguration............................................................................................................10-129
10.3.1 GMRPConfiguration list.....................................................................................10-129
10.3.2 Enable/disableglobalGMRP.............................................................................10-129
10.3.3 Enable/disableGMRPon aport........................................................................10-130
10.3.4 DisplayGMRP....................................................................................................10-130
10.3.5 Add/deletemulticast that canbedynamiclearnt byGMRP..............................10-130
10.3.6 Displaymulticast that can belearnt byGMRP..................................................10-131
10.4 IGMPSnooping Overview....................................................................................................10-131
10.4.1 IGMPSnooping..................................................................................................10-131
10.4.2 BasicConceptsinIGMPSnooping....................................................................10-132
10.4.3 HowIGMPSnoopingWorks..............................................................................10-133
10.4.4 ProcessingofMulticast ProtocolMessages......................................................10-134
10.4.5 ProtocolsandStandards....................................................................................10-137
10.5 IGMPSnooping configuration...............................................................................................10-137
10.5.1 IGMPSnoopingmulticast interfaceagingtimeconfiguration............................10-137
10.5.2 IGMPSnoopingmax-response-timeconfiguration............................................10-138
10.5.3 IGMPSnoopinginterfacefast-leaveconfiguration............................................10-138
10.5.4 Configurethe numberofthe multicast groupallowed learning.........................10-138
10.5.5 IGMPSnoopingpermit/denygroupconfiguration..............................................10-138
10.5.6 IGMPSnoopingroute-port forwardconfiguration..............................................10-138
10.5.7 Enable/disableIGMPSnoopingquerier.............................................................10-139
10.5.8 ConfigureIGMPSnoopingquery-interval..........................................................10-139
10.5.9 ConfigureIGMPSnoopingqueriervlan.............................................................10-139
10.5.10 ConfigureIGMPSnoopingquerymaxresponse...............................................10-139
10.5.11 ConfigureIGMPSnoopingquerysourceIP.......................................................10-140
10.5.12 ConfigureIGMPSnoopingrouteport aging.......................................................10-140
10.5.13 Add IGMPSnoopingrouteport..........................................................................10-140
10.6 StaticMulticast Configuration................................................................................................10-140
10.6.1 Briefintroduction ofStaticMulticast...................................................................10-140
10.6.2 StaticMulticast Configuration.............................................................................10-141
10.6.3 Createmulticast group.......................................................................................10-141
10.6.4 Add interfacestomulticastgroup.......................................................................10-141
10.6.5 Displaymulticast groupinformation...................................................................10-141
10.6.6 Deleteinterfacemembersfrommulticast group................................................10-142
10.6.7 Deletemulticast group.......................................................................................10-142
10.7 Cross-VLANmulticast Configuration.....................................................................................10-142
10.7.1 BriefIntroduction ofCross-Vlan multicast..........................................................10-142
10.7.2 Cross-VLANMulticast Configuration.................................................................10-142
10.7.3 Enable/disablecross-vlan multicast...................................................................10-143
10.7.4 Configuretag/untagattribution ofmulticast packet transmission and

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vlan-idofthe tagged attribution..........................................................................................10-143
10.7.5 Displaycross-vlan multicast...............................................................................10-143
Chapter11 DHCPConfiguration.........................................................................................................11-144
11.1 Briefintroduction ofDHCP.....................................................................................................11-144
11.2 Technical details....................................................................................................................11-145
11.2.1 DHCPdiscovery.................................................................................................11-145
11.2.2 DHCPoffers.......................................................................................................11-145
11.2.3 DHCPrequests..................................................................................................11-145
11.2.4 DHCPacknowledgement...................................................................................11-146
11.2.5 DHCPinformation..............................................................................................11-146
11.2.6 DHCPreleasing..................................................................................................11-146
11.2.7 Client configuration parameters.........................................................................11-146
11.2.8 Options...............................................................................................................11-146
11.2.9 DHCPIPAddress Assignment...........................................................................11-146
11.3 DHCPserverconfiguration list...............................................................................................11-149
11.3.1 EnableDHCPrelay............................................................................................11-150
11.3.2 ConfigureDHCPserver.....................................................................................11-150
11.3.3 SpecifyDHCPserverforlayer3interface.........................................................11-150
11.3.4 DisplayDHCPserverconfiguration...................................................................11-150
11.3.5 Hide DHCPserver..............................................................................................11-151
11.4 LocalIPAddress PoolConfiguration......................................................................................11-151
11.4.1 EnterIPaddress poolconfiguration mode.........................................................11-151
11.4.2 Configuregatewayand netmask oflocalIPaddress pool................................11-152
11.4.3 ConfigurelocalIPaddress poolnetworkinterface............................................11-152
11.4.4 Disable/enablespecified IPaddress inIPaddress pool....................................11-152
11.4.5 Configureleasetime..........................................................................................11-153
11.4.6 ConfigureDNS...................................................................................................11-153
11.4.7 ConfigureWINS.................................................................................................11-153
11.4.8 DisplayIPaddress poolconfiguration................................................................11-153
11.4.9 Configureip-bind................................................................................................11-154
11.4.10 Displayip-bind....................................................................................................11-154
11.4.11 Add dhcpclient...................................................................................................11-154
11.4.12 Showdhcpclient................................................................................................11-154
11.5 Introduction toDHCPRelayAgent.........................................................................................11-154
11.5.1 UsageofDHCPRelayAgent.............................................................................11-154
11.5.2 DHCPRelayAgent Fundamentals.....................................................................11-155
11.5.3 Option 82 Supporting.........................................................................................11-156
11.6 DHCPrelayconfiguration list.................................................................................................11-158
11.6.1 EnableDHCPrelay............................................................................................11-158
11.6.2 Configurevlan interface.....................................................................................11-159
11.6.3 Support relayoption82.......................................................................................11-159
11.7 Introduction DHCPsnooping.................................................................................................11-159
11.8 DHCPsnooping configuration list..........................................................................................11-161
11.8.1 EnableDHCPsnooping.....................................................................................11-161
11.8.2 Configuretrust ports...........................................................................................11-161
11.8.3 Configuremaxhost number...............................................................................11-161
11.8.4 ConfigureIPsourceguard.................................................................................11-161
11.8.5 ShowDHCPsnoopingofports..........................................................................11-161
11.8.6 ShowDHCPsnoopingconfiguration ofVLANs.................................................11-161
11.8.7 Showinformation ofclients................................................................................11-161
Chapter12 ARPConfiguration............................................................................................................12-162
12.1 Brief Introduction ofARP......................................................................................................12-162
12.1.1 ARPannouncements.........................................................................................12-163

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12.1.2 ARPprobe..........................................................................................................12-163
12.1.3 ARPmediation...................................................................................................12-163
12.1.4 Variantsofthe protocol......................................................................................12-163
12.1.5 InverseARPand ReverseARP.........................................................................12-163
12.2 ARPspoofing.......................................................................................................................12-164
12.2.1 HowARPspooingworks?..................................................................................12-164
12.2.2 ARPSpoofing/poising Animation.......................................................................12-164
12.3 ARP-Proxy...........................................................................................................................12-164
12.4 Anti-floodARP......................................................................................................................12-165
12.5 ARPconfiguration list...........................................................................................................12-165
12.5.1 Add and deleteARPtableitem..........................................................................12-165
12.5.2 DisplayARPtableitem.......................................................................................12-165
12.5.3 ConfigureARPagingtime..................................................................................12-166
12.5.4 DisplayARPagingtime......................................................................................12-166
12.5.5 DisplayARPtableitem.......................................................................................12-166
12.5.6 Enable/disableARPanti-flood attack.................................................................12-166
12.5.7 ConfiguredenyactionandthresholdofARPanti-flood.....................................12-167
12.5.8 ConfigureARPanti-flood recover-time............................................................12-167
12.5.9 ARPanti-flood MACrecover..............................................................................12-167
12.5.10 DisplayARPanti-flood attack information.......................................................12-168
12.5.11 Bind blackholemacgenerated byarpanti-flood tobegeneral.........................12-168
12.5.12 Enable/disableARPanti-spoofing......................................................................12-168
12.5.13 ConfigureunknownARPpacket handlingstrategy...........................................12-168
12.5.14 Enable/disableARPanti-spoofingvalid-check..................................................12-169
12.5.15 Enable/disableARPanti-spoofingdeny-disguiser.............................................12-169
12.5.16 DisplayARPanti-spoofing...............................................................................12-169
12.5.17 Configuretrust port ofARPanti-attack..............................................................12-170
Chapter13 ACLConfiguration.............................................................................................................13-171
13.1 ACLOverview......................................................................................................................13-171
13.1.1 ACLMatchOrder...............................................................................................13-171
13.1.2 WaystoApplyACLon aSwitch.........................................................................13-172
13.1.3 ACLsBased on TimeRanges............................................................................13-172
13.2 ConfiguringACL...................................................................................................................13-173
13.2.1 Matchingorderconfiguration.............................................................................13-173
13.2.2 ACLsupport.......................................................................................................13-173
13.3 ACLconfiguration.................................................................................................................13-174
13.3.1 Configuration list................................................................................................13-174
13.3.2 Configuretimerange..........................................................................................13-174
13.3.3 StandardACL.....................................................................................................13-175
13.3.4 Define extendedACL.........................................................................................13-175
13.3.5 Define layer2ACL.............................................................................................13-176
13.3.6 ActivateACL.......................................................................................................13-177
13.3.7 Monitorand maintanenceofACL.......................................................................13-177
Chapter14 QOSConfiguration...........................................................................................................14-179
14.1 Briefintroduction ofQOS......................................................................................................14-179
14.1.1 Flow....................................................................................................................14-179
14.1.2 Trafficclassification............................................................................................14-179
14.1.3 Access controllist..............................................................................................14-179
14.1.4 Packet filtration...................................................................................................14-179
14.1.5 Flowmonitor.......................................................................................................14-180
14.1.6 Interfacespeed limitation...................................................................................14-180
14.1.7 Redirection.........................................................................................................14-180
14.1.8 Prioritymark.......................................................................................................14-180

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14.1.9 Chooseinterfaceoutputtingqueue forpacket...................................................14-180
14.1.10 Queue scheduler................................................................................................14-180
14.1.11 cos-map..............................................................................................................14-181
14.1.12 Flowmirror.........................................................................................................14-181
14.1.13 Statistics based onflow......................................................................................14-181
14.1.14 Copypacket toCPU...........................................................................................14-181
14.2 QOSConfiguration...............................................................................................................14-181
14.2.1 QoSConfiguration list........................................................................................14-181
14.2.2 Packet redirection configuration.........................................................................14-181
14.2.3 Priorityconfiguration..........................................................................................14-182
14.2.4 Queue-schedulerconfiguration..........................................................................14-182
14.2.5 The cos-maprelationshipofhardwarepriorityqueue and priorityof
IEEE802.1pprotocol...........................................................................................................14-182
14.2.6 Flowmirrorconfiguration....................................................................................14-183
14.2.7 Flowstatisticconfiguration.................................................................................14-183
14.3 Monitorand maintenanceofQoS.........................................................................................14-183
Chapter15 STPConfiguration............................................................................................................15-185
15.1 Briefintroduction ofSTPConfiguration.................................................................................15-185
15.1.1 IntroductiontoSTP............................................................................................15-185
15.1.2 IntroductiontoMSTP.........................................................................................15-192
15.1.3 ProtocolsandStandards....................................................................................15-196
15.2 STPConfiguration................................................................................................................15-196
15.2.1 STPConfiguration list........................................................................................15-196
15.2.2 Enable/disableSTP............................................................................................15-197
15.2.3 Enable/disableinterfaceSTP.............................................................................15-197
15.2.4 ConfigureSTPpriority........................................................................................15-197
15.2.5 ConfigureswitchForwardDelay........................................................................15-198
15.2.6 ConfigureHelloTime..........................................................................................15-198
15.2.7 ConfigureMaxAge.............................................................................................15-198
15.2.8 Configurepathcost ofspecified interfaces........................................................15-199
15.2.9 ConfigureSTPpriorityod specified port............................................................15-199
15.2.10 Configurespanning-tree root-guard...................................................................15-199
15.2.11 Configureinterfacetoforcetosend rstppacket................................................15-200
15.2.12 Configurelinktypeofspecified interface...........................................................15-200
15.2.13 Configurethe current port asanedgeport........................................................15-200
15.2.14 Configurethe speed limit ofsendingBPDU ofspecified interface....................15-200
15.2.15 STPmonitorandmaintainenance......................................................................15-201
15.2.16 Enable/disableSTPremote-loop-detect............................................................15-202
15.3 Brief Introduction of MSTP....................................................................................................15-202
15.4 MSTPConfiguration.............................................................................................................15-202
15.4.1 MSTPconfiguration list......................................................................................15-202
15.4.2 ConfigureMSTPtimerparameter......................................................................15-203
15.4.3 ConfigureMSTPconfiguration mark..................................................................15-203
15.4.4 ConfigureMSTPnetbridgepriority.....................................................................15-203
15.4.5 ConfigureMSTPinterfaceedgeinterfacestatus...............................................15-204
15.4.6 ConfigureMSTPinterfacelinktype...................................................................15-204
15.4.7 ConfigureMSTPinterfacepathcost..................................................................15-204
15.4.8 ConfigureMSTPinterfacepriority......................................................................15-204
15.4.9 Configurespanning-tree mst root-guard............................................................15-205
15.4.10 DisplayMSTPconfiguration information............................................................15-205
15.4.11 Enable/disabledigest snooping.........................................................................15-205
15.4.12 ConfigureIgnoreofVLAN..................................................................................15-205
Chapter16 802.1XConfiguration Command......................................................................................16-207

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16.1 Briefintroduction of802.1Xconfiguration..............................................................................16-207
16.2 802.1XConfiguration............................................................................................................16-207
16.2.1 AAAconfiguration mode.....................................................................................16-207
16.3 RADIUSand TACACS+ServerConfiguration.......................................................................16-207
16.3.1 Systemdefault user...........................................................................................16-208
16.3.2 User’sauthentication..........................................................................................16-208
16.4 Localauthentication configuration.........................................................................................16-208
16.4.1 Add users...........................................................................................................16-208
16.4.2 Changepassword..............................................................................................16-209
16.4.3 ModifyUser'sPrivilegeLevel.............................................................................16-209
16.4.4 DeleteUser........................................................................................................16-210
16.4.5 Showusers.........................................................................................................16-210
16.5 Remoteauthenticationconfiguration......................................................................................16-211
16.5.1 ConfigureRADIUStoberemoteauthenticationserver.....................................16-211
16.5.2 ConfigureTACACS+remoteauthentication......................................................16-211
16.5.3 802.1XConfiguration.........................................................................................16-212
Chapter17 SNTPClient Configuration................................................................................................17-214
17.1 Briefintroduction ofSNTPprotocol.......................................................................................17-214
17.2 SNTPclient configuration.....................................................................................................17-214
17.2.1 Enable/disableSNTPclient................................................................................17-214
17.2.2 SNTPclient workingmode configuration...........................................................17-214
17.2.3 SNTPclientunicast serverconfiguration...........................................................17-215
17.2.4 SNTPclient broadcastdelayconfiguration........................................................17-215
17.2.5 SNTPclient multicastTTLconfiguration............................................................17-215
17.2.6 SNTPclient poll intervalconfiguration...............................................................17-215
17.2.7 SNTPclient retransmit configuration.................................................................17-216
17.2.8 SNTPclient validserverconfiguration...............................................................17-216
17.2.9 SNTPclient MD5authentication configuration..................................................17-216
Chapter18 SyslogConfigiration..........................................................................................................18-217
18.1 Briefintroduction ofSyslog...................................................................................................18-217
18.2 Syslog Configiration.............................................................................................................18-217
18.2.1 Enable/disableSyslog........................................................................................18-218
18.2.2 Syslogsequencenumberconfiguration.............................................................18-218
18.2.3 Syslogtimestampsconfiguration......................................................................18-218
18.2.4 Syslogterminaloutputtingconfiguration............................................................18-218
18.2.5 Syslogloggingbuffered outputtingconfiguration...............................................18-219
18.2.6 SyslogFlashstorageoutputtingconfiguration...................................................18-219
18.2.7 Sysloglogginghost outputtingconfiguration.....................................................18-220
18.2.8 SyslogSNMPAgent outputtingconfiguration....................................................18-220
18.2.9 Moduledebugconfiguration...............................................................................18-221
Chapter19 LLDPconfiguration...........................................................................................................19-222
19.1 Briefintroduction ofLLDPprotocol.......................................................................................19-222
19.1.1 LLDPOverview..................................................................................................19-222
19.2 LLDPconfiguration...............................................................................................................19-223
19.2.1 LLDPconfiguration list.......................................................................................19-223
19.2.2 Enable/disableglobalLLDP...............................................................................19-223
19.2.3 ConfigureLLDPhello-time.................................................................................19-223
19.2.4 ConfigureLLDPhold-time..................................................................................19-223
19.2.5 InterfaceLLDPpacketreceiving/sendingmode configuration..........................19-224
19.2.6 DisplayLLDPinformation...................................................................................19-224
Chapter20 ERRPCommand Configuration........................................................................................20-226
20.1 Briefintroduction ofERRP....................................................................................................20-226
20.2 ERRPOverview...................................................................................................................20-226

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20.3 BasicConceptsinERRP......................................................................................................20-226
20.3.1 ERRPdomain.....................................................................................................20-226
20.3.2 ERRPring..........................................................................................................20-227
20.3.3 ControlVLANanddataVLAN............................................................................20-227
20.3.4 Node...................................................................................................................20-227
20.3.5 Primaryport and secondaryport........................................................................20-227
20.3.6 Common port and edgeport..............................................................................20-228
20.3.7 Multi-domainintersection common port.............................................................20-228
20.3.8 Timers.................................................................................................................20-228
20.3.9 ERRPPackets....................................................................................................20-228
20.4 Typical ERRPNetworking.....................................................................................................20-229
20.4.1 Singlering..........................................................................................................20-229
20.4.2 Multi-domaintangent rings.................................................................................20-230
20.4.3 Single-domainintersectingrings........................................................................20-231
20.4.4 Dualhomed rings...............................................................................................20-231
20.4.5 Multi-domainintersectingrings..........................................................................20-232
20.5 HowERRPWorks................................................................................................................20-232
20.5.1 Pollingmechanism.............................................................................................20-232
20.5.2 Linkdownalarmmechanism.............................................................................20-232
20.5.3 Ringrecovery.....................................................................................................20-233
20.5.4 Broadcaststormsuppression mechanisminamulti-homed subring
incaseofprimaryringlinkfailure.......................................................................................20-233
20.5.5 ProtocolsandStandards....................................................................................20-233
20.6 ERRPConfiguration.............................................................................................................20-233
20.6.1 ERRPConfiguration list.....................................................................................20-233
20.6.2 ERRPconfiguration............................................................................................20-233
20.6.3 ConfigureERRPtimer........................................................................................20-234
20.6.4 EnterERRPconfiguration mode........................................................................20-234
20.6.5 Configurecontrol-vlan ofERRPdomain............................................................20-234
20.6.6 CreateERRPring...............................................................................................20-235
20.6.7 Enable/disableERRPring..................................................................................20-235
20.6.8 DisplayERRPdomainand ringinformation......................................................20-235
Chapter21 PPPoEPlusConfiguration................................................................................................21-236
21.1 Brief Introduction of PPPoEPlus..........................................................................................21-236
21.2 PPPoEPlusConfiguration....................................................................................................21-236
21.2.1 PPPoEPlusConfiguration list............................................................................21-236
21.2.2 Enable/disablePPPoEPlus...............................................................................21-236
21.2.3 ConfigurePPPoEPlustype...............................................................................21-237
Chapter22 CFMConfiguration............................................................................................................22-238
22.1 Briefintroduction ofCFM......................................................................................................22-238
22.2 Connectivityfaultmanagement overview..............................................................................22-238
22.3 BasicConceptsinConnectivityFaultDetection....................................................................22-238
22.3.1 Maintenancedomain..........................................................................................22-238
22.3.2 Maintenanceassociation....................................................................................22-238
22.3.3 Maintenancepoint..............................................................................................22-238
22.3.4 BasicFunctionsofConnectivityFault Management..........................................22-239
22.3.5 ProtocolsandStandards....................................................................................22-240
22.4 CFMConfiguration...............................................................................................................22-240
22.4.1 CFMConfiguration list........................................................................................22-240
22.4.2 Configurecfmdomain........................................................................................22-240
22.4.3 Configurecfmmeplevel....................................................................................22-241
22.4.4 Configurecfmmiplevel......................................................................................22-241
22.4.5 Configureremotecfmrmeplevel.......................................................................22-241

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22.4.6 Configurecfmcc interval....................................................................................22-242
22.4.7 Enable/disableVLANsendingcfmcc enablelevel...........................................22-242
22.4.8 cfmping..............................................................................................................22-242
22.4.9 cfmtraceroute....................................................................................................22-243
22.4.10 Displaycfmdomain............................................................................................22-243
22.4.11 Displaycfmmaintenance-pointslocal................................................................22-243
22.4.12 Displaycfmmaintenance-pointsremote............................................................22-244
22.4.13 Displaycfmcc database....................................................................................22-244
22.4.14 Displaycfmerrors..............................................................................................22-244

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Chapter 1Accessing Switch
Thischapteristhebasicknowledgeforsystemmanagement, including:
1) Commandlineinterface
2) Commandsyntax comprehension
3) Syntax help
4) Historycommand
5) Symbolsincommand
6) Parameterincommand
7) Usermanagement
8) Waysforswitchmanagement
1.1CommandLineInterface
Systemprovidesaseriesofconfigurationcommandand commandlineinterface.Usercanconfigureand
manageswitchbycommandline. Commandlineinterfacehasthefeaturesasfollowing :
1) LocalconfigurationbyConsoleinterface
2) Localorremoteconfigurationby TelNet
3) Configurecommandclassificationprotectiontoguarantee unauthorizeduserillegalaccessing.
4) Input“?”atany momenttoobtainhelpinformation
5) Providesuchnetworktestcommandaspingtodiagnosenetworkfault
6) ProvideFTP,TFTP, Xmodemtodownloadanduploadfiles
7) Keywordspartialmatchingsearchingisadoptedbycommand lineconvertorforusertoinputnon-conflicting
keywords, suchas:interface commandcanonlyinput“interf”
1.1.1Command Line ConfigurationMode
Systemcommandlineadoptsclassificationprotection to preventillegalaccessingofunauthorizeduser. Each
commandmodeisfordifferentconfigurationwiththeconnectionand distinction.Forexample,aftersuccessful
accessing,userofall levelcanentercommon usermodewhichcanonlyseethesystemoperationinformation;
administratorcaninput“enable”toenterprivilegedmode;input“configureterminal”toenterglobalconfiguration
modefromprivilegedmodewhichcanenterrelatedconfigurationmodeaccordingtoinputtingdifferentconfiguration
command.Forexample:
Commandlineprovidescommandmodeasfollowing:
1) Usermode
2) Privilegedmode
3) Globalconfigurationmode
4) Interface configurationmode
5) VLANconfigurationmode
6) AAAconfigurationmode
7) RADIUSconfiguration mode

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8) Domainconfigurationmode
Thefunctionanddetailsofeachcommandmodeareasfollowing:
CommandLineConfigurationMode
Commandlinemode Function Promptcharacter Commandforentering Commandforexiting
Usermode Seeswitch
operation
information
QTECH> Connect withswitchafterinputting
usernameand password
exit disconnect with
switch
Privilegedmode Seeswitch
operation
information
and
manage
system
QTECH# Input enable inusermode exit returntouser
mode
quitdisconnectwith
switch
Globalconfiguration
mode
Configure
global
parameter
QTECH(config)# Input configureterminal in
privilegedmode
exit,end returnto
privilegedmode
quit disconnect with
switch
Interface
configurationmode
Configure
interface
parameter
QTECH(config-if-ethern
et-0/1)#
Input“interfaceEthernet 0/1”in
globalconfiguration mode,
interfaceconfigurationcanenter
otherinterfacemodeandVLAN
configurationmodewithout
inputting“exit”.
VLANconfiguration
mode
Configure
VLAN
parameter
QTECH(config-if-vlan)#Input“vlan 2” inglobal
configurationmode, VLAN
configurationmodecanenter
otherVLANmodeandinterface
configurationmodewithout
inputting“exit”.
AAAconfiguration
mode
Create
domain QTECH(config-aaa)# Input“aaa”inglobalconfiguration mode
end returnto
privilegedmode
exit returntoglobal
configurationmode
quit disconnect with
switch
RADIUSconfiguration
mode
Configure
RADIUS
server
parameter
QTECH(config-radius-d
efault)#
Input“radiushostdefault”inglobal
configurationmode
Domainconfiguration
mode
Configure
domain
parameter
QTECH(config-aaa-test
.com)#
Input“domaintest.com”inAAA
configurationmode
end returnto
privilegedmode
exit returntoAAA
configurationmode
quit disconnect with
switch
VLANInterfacemode
Configure
VLANL3
interface
QTECH(config-if-vlanIn
terface-22)#
Input“interfacevlan-interface
22”inglobalconfigurationmode
end returnto
privilegedmode
exit returntoglobal
configurationmode
quit disconnect with
switch
SuperVLANInterface
mode
Configure
SuperVLA
NL3
interface
QTECH(config-if-super
VLANInterface-1)#
Input“interface
supervlan-interface1”inglobal
configurationmode
end returnto
privilegedmode
exit returntoglobal
configurationmode
quit disconnect with
switch
RIPconfiguration
mode
Configure
RIP
parameter
QTECH(config-router-ri
p)#
Input“routerip”inglobal
configurationmode
end returnto
privilegedmode
exit returntoglobal
configurationmode
quit disconnect with
switch
OSPFconfiguration
mode
Configure
OSPF
parameter
QTECH(config-router-o
spf#
Input“routeospf”inglobal
configurationmode
end returnto
privilegedmode
exit returntoglobal
configurationmode
quit disconnect with
switch
PIMconfiguration
mode
Configure
PIM
parameter
QTECH(config-router-pi
m#
Input“pim” inglobalconfiguration
mode
end returnto
privilegedmode
exit returntoglobal
configurationmode
quit disconnect with
switch

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1.1.2Command SyntaxComprehension
Thischapterdescribesthestepsneededforcommandconfiguration.Pleasereadthissectionandrelated
detail informationofcommand lineinterface inthefollowingsectionscarefully.
Thelogginginidentityverificationofthesystemconsoleofthisswitchisusedtoverifytheidentityofthe
operatinguser. Itpermitsand refusesthelogginginbymatchingrecognizingusernameandpassword.
Step1. Followingareshowedwhenenteringcommandlineinterface,
Username(1-32 chars):
Pleaseinputusername,press Enterbutton, andthenthepromptisasfollowing:
Password(1-16 chars):
Inputpassword. Ifit iscorrect, entertheusermodewiththefollowingprompt:
QTECH>
&Note:Defaultedloginandpasswordisadmin/123456.
Inswitchsystem,thereare2differentprivileges.Oneisadministrator,andtheotheriscommon user.
Common useronlycanseetheconfigurationinformationofswitchwithoutrighttomodifyit butadministratorcan
manageandconfiguretheswitchbyspecifiedcommand.
Logginginasadministratorcanenterprivilegedmodefromusermode.
QTECH>enable
Step2: Inputcommand
Skiptostep3, ifthecommandneedsinputtheparameter.Continuethisstepifthecommandneedinputthe
parameter.
If thecommandneedsaparameter,pleaseinputit.Wheninputtingaparameter,keywordisneeded.
Theparameterofthecommand isspecifiedwhichisthenumberorcharacterstring orIPaddress inacertain
range.Input“?” whenyou areuncomprehending,andinputthecorrectkeywordaccordingtotheprompt.Keywordis
whatistobeoperatedincommand.
If morethanoneparameterareneeded,pleaseinputkeywordsandeachparameterinturnaccordingtothe
promptuntil “<enter>”isshowedinprompttopress enterbutton.
Step3: Press enterbuttonafterinputtingcompletecommand.
Forexample:
!Userneednotinputparameter
QTECH#quit
“quit”isacommandwithoutparameter.Thenameofthecommandisquit.Press enterbuttonafter
inputtingit toexecutethiscommand.
!Userneedinputparameter
QTECH(config)#vlan3
“vlan3”isacommandwithparameterandkeyword,vlanofwhichiscommandkeywordand3ofwhichis
parameter.
1.1.3SyntaxHelp
Thereisbuilt-insyntaxhelpincommand lineinterface.If youarenotsureaboutthesyntaxofsome
command,obtainall commandanditssimpledescriptionofthecurrentmodeby inputting“?”orhelpcommand;
listall keywordsbeginningwiththecurrentcharacterstringby inputting“?”closelyafterthecommandcharacter
string;input“?”afterspace,if“?”isinthesamelocationofthekeyword,all keywordsand itssimpledescription
will belisted,if“?”isinthesamelocationofparameter,all theparameterdescriptionwillbelisted,andyoucan
continuetoinputcommandaccordingtothepromptuntil thepromptcommandis “enter〉”topress enterbuttonto
executecommand.
Forexample:
Directlyinput“?”inprivilegedmode
QTECH#?

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1-16
Systemmodecommands:
clsclearscreen
helpdescriptionoftheinteractivehelp
pingpingcommand
quitdisconnectfromswitchandquit
……
Input“?”closelyafterkeyword
QTECH(config)#interf?
interface
Input“?”aftercommandcharacterstringandspace
QTECH(config)#spanning-tree ?
forward-timeconfigswitchdelaytime
hello-timeconfigswitchhellotime
max-ageconfigswitchmaxagingtime
priorityconfigswitchpriority
<enter>Thecommandend.
·Parameterrangeandform
QTECH(config)#spanning-tree forward-time?
INTEGER<4-30>switchdelaytime:<4-30>(second)
·Commandlineendprompt
QTECH(config)#spanning-tree ?
<enter>Thecommandend.
1.1.4Historycommand
Commandlineinterface willsavehistorycommandinputtedbyuserautomaticallysothatusercaninvoke
historycommandsavedbycommandlineinterface andre-executeit.Atmost100 historycommandscanbesavedby
command lineinterface foreachuser. Input“Ctrl+P”toaccess lastcommand, and“Ctrl+N”fornextcommand.
1.1.5Symbolsincommand
Thereareall kindsofsymbolsincommandsyntaxwhichisnotapartofcommand butusedtodescribehow
toinputthiscommand.Table1-2makesabriefdescriptionofthesesymbols.
1.2CommandSymbolsDescription
Command SymbolsDescription
Symbol Description
Verticalbars| Verticalbars(|)meanscoordinate,togetherusingwithbraces({})and
squarebrackets([ ]).

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1-17
Squarebrackets[] Squarebrackets([ ]) meanoptionalelements.
Forexample:
showvlan[vlan-id]
Braces{} Braces({})group requiredchoices,andverticalbars(|)separatethe
alternativeelements. Bracesandverticalbarswithinsquarebrackets([{|}])
meanarequiredchoicewithinanoptionalelement.
1.2.1Command ParameterCategories
Thereare5 categoriescommandparameterasfollowing:
·Scale
Twonumericalvaluelinkedbyhypheninanglebrackets(<>)meansthisparameterissomenumberinthe
rangeofthosetwonumbers.
Forexample:
INTEGER<1-10> meansusercaninputanyintegerbetween1and10 (include1and10),suchas8isa
validnumber.
·IPaddress
ThepromptwhichisintheformofA.B.C.D.meanstheparameterisanIPaddress.AvalidIPaddress is
neededtoinput.
Forexample:
192.168.0.100 isavalidIPaddress.
·MACaddress
ThepromptwhichisintheformofH:H:H:H:H:HmeanstheparameterisaMACaddress.Avalid
MACaddress isneededtoinput. IfamulticastMACaddress isneeded, therewillberelatedprompt.
Forexample:
01 :02:03:04:05:06 isavalidMACaddress.
·Interface list
Thepromptofinterface listisSTRING<3-4>.Interface parameterinterface-numisintheformof
interface-type+interface-number.Interface-typeisEthernetandinterface-numberisslot-num/port-num,inwhich
slot-numisin therangeof0 to 2, andport-numisintherangeof1 to24. Seriateinterfaceswith thesametypecanbe
linkedbytokeyword,buttheportnumbertotherightofthetokeywordmustbelargerthantheonetotheleftofthe
keyword,andthisargumentonlycanberepeatedforup to3times.Thespecialdeclarationofinterface parameter
interface listwill bedisplayedinthecommand.
Forexample:
showspanning-tree interface ethernet0/0/1ethernet0/0/3toethernet0/0/5
meansdisplayingspanning-tree information ofinterfaceethernet0/0/1ethernet0/0/3 toethernet0/0/5
·Characterstring
ThepromptwhichisintheformofSTRING<3-4>meanstheparameterisacharacterstringwhichisinthe
formof1 to19 characters.“?”canbeinputtedtodisplaytheconcretecommanddescription.
1.3Usermanagement
Thereare2 privilegesforuser:
1) administrator
2) normaluser
Normalusercanonlyenterusermodenotprivilegedmodeafterloggingin,sothathecanonlysee system
informationbutnottoconfigureit.Administratorhastherighttoenterall modes,andqueryandconfigureall
parameters.

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1-18
1.3.1Systemdefaultuser name
Thereisasystemdefault built-inusernamecalled admin,and theinitialpasswordis 123456.Itis
suggestedmodifyingpasswordwhenlogginginswitchforthefirsttimetoavoidleakingit.Thisusernamecannotbe
deletedandtheprivilegecannotbemodifiedeither.Italsopossessestherighttomanageotherusers.Please
rememberyourmodifiedpassword.
1.3.2Add user
Loginwiththeidentityofsystemadministratoradmintoenterprivilegedmode,thenglobalconfiguration
modebyusingusernamecommand.Inputusername,user’sprivilege,passwordtoaddnewuseraccordingtosystem
promptorbyusingthefollowingcommand.
username username [ privilege level ]{ passwordencryption-typepassword }
username:Usernameofnewusersandexistedusersrangesfrom1to32 printablecharactersexcluding
suchwildcardsas'/', ' :', '*', '?', '\\', '<', '>', '|', '"' etc.
privilege:Privilegeofnewuserrangesfrom0 to15. 0 to1meansuserwhile2 to15 meansadministrator.
encryption-type:thevalueofit is0or7. 0meansnon-encryption and7meansencryption(Itisnot
supportednow).
password:Loginpasswordfornewuserand modifiedpasswordoftheexisteduserrangesfrom1to16
charactersornumbers.
If theprivilegedoesn’tconfigure, thedefault privilegeisordinaryuser.Atmost8 usersaresupported.
Caution:Usernamesupportscaseinsensitivitywhilepassworddoesn’tsupportcasesensitivity.
!Addanewadministrator“red”, configureprivilegetobe3, and passwordtobe1234
QTECH(config)#usernameqtechprivilege3password01234
1.3.3Modifypassword
Inglobalconfiguration mode,systemadministratoradmincanusethefollowingcommandtomodify
passwordofhisorotheruser. Otherusercanonlymodifyhisownpassword.
usernamechange-password
Forexample:
!Modifythepasswordofuser“red”tobe123456
QTECH(config)#usernamechange-password
pleaseinputyouloginpassword:******
pleaseinputusername:red
Pleaseinputusernewpassword:******
Pleaseinputusercomfirmpassword:******
changeuserqtechpasswordsuccess.
&Caution:Forrestorationdefaultpasswordof“admin”user,pleasereferto
[e-mail].
1.3.4Modifyprivilege
Inglobalconfiguration mode,onlyadministratoradmincanusefollowingcommandtomodifytheprivilege
ofotheruser.
username username [ privilege level ]{ passwordencryption-typepassword }

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1-19
username:Usernameofnewusersandexistedusersrangesfrom1to32 printablecharactersexcluding
suchwildcardsas'/', ' :', '*', '?', '\\', '<', '>', '|', '"' etc.
privilege:Privilegeofnewuserorthemodifiedprivilegeofexisteduserrangesfrom0to15. 0to1means
userwhile2 to15 meansadministrator. Caution:theprivilegeofadministratorcannotbemodified.
encryption-type:thevalueofit is0or7. 0meansnon-encryption and7meansencryption(Itisnot
supportednow).
password:Loginpasswordfornewuserand modifiedpasswordoftheexisteduserrangesfrom1to16
charactersornumbers.
If inputtingnothingtomodifytheprivilegeofexisteduser, theprivilegedoesn’tmodify.
&Caution:Usernamesupportscaseinsensitivitywhilepassworddoesn’tsupportcase
sensitivity.
Forexample:
!Modifytheprivilegeofadministrator“qtech”tobe1, andpasswordtobe1234
QTECH(config)#usernameqtechprivilege1password01234
1.3.5Remove username
Systemadministratoradmincanusefollowingcommandtoremoveusernameinglobalconfigurationmode
nousername username
Usernameistheusernametobedeleted.
Forexample:
!Removeuserqtech
QTECH(config)#nousernameqtech
1.3.6Viewsystemuserinformation
Viewuserlist, and input
showusername
command or
showusername[username]
command inanyconfigurationmodetodisplayinformationofall users.
Forexample:
!Displayinformationofuserqtech
QTECH(config)#showusernameqtech
displayuserinformation
usernamerole
____________________________________________________________
qtechADMIN
1.4Remote authenticationofadministrator
Afterauthentication,user’sdefault privilegeisnormaluser.OnlywhenthereisService-Typefieldin
authenticationacceptingpacketthevalueofwhichisAdministrative,user’sprivilegeisadministrator.
Caution:Adminuseronlysupportslocaldatabaseauthentication.