R.V.R. Electronica PTRL User manual

PTRL & RXRL LCD
User Manual
Volume 1
Manufactured by Italy

PTRL & RXRL LCD - User Manual
Version 1.2
© Copyright 2003-2005
R.V.R. Elettronica SpA
Via del Fonditore 2/2c - 40138 - Bologna (Italia)
Telephone: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
Email: [e-mail]
Web: www.rvr.it
All rights reserved
Printed and bound in Italy. No part of this manual may be reproduced,
memorized or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or
mechanic, including photocopying, recording or by any information
storage and retrieval system, without written permission of the copyright
owner.
File name: CAPITOLI_EN.P65
Version: 1.2
Date: 31/01/2005
Revision History
Date Version Reason Editor
12/01/04 1.0 New Version J. Berti
02/06/04 1.1 PTRL LCD Rear Panel Upgrade J. Berti
31/01/05 1.2 Added Chapter 11 J. Berti
Notification of intended purpose and limitations of product use
This product is a FM transmitter intended for FM audio broadcasting. It utilises
operating frequencies not harmonised in the intended countries of use.
The user must obtain a license before using the product in intended country of
use. Ensure respective country licensing requirements are complied with.
Limitations of use can apply in respect of operating freuency, transmitter power
and or channel spacing.
Declaration of Conformity
Hereby, R.V.R. Elettronica SpA, declares that this FM transmitter is in
compliance with the essential requirements and other relevant provisions of
Directive 1999 5 EC.

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Table of Contents
1. Preliminary Instructions 1
2. Warranty 3
3. First Aid 5
3.1 Treatment of electrical shocks 5
3.2 Treatment of electrical Burns 6
4. General description 7
5. PTRL-LCD quick guide for installation and use 9
5.1 Preparation 9
5.2 Use 10
5.3 Settings and calibration 10
5.4 Software 11
6. RXRL-LCD quick guide for installation and use 17
6.1 Preparation 17
6.2 Use 18
6.3 Settings and calibration 18
6.4 Software 19
7. External Description 23
7.1 Front Panel of the PTRL LCD 23
7.2 Rear pannel of the PTRL-LCD 24
7.3 Description of the connectors 25
7.4 Front pannel of the RXRL-LCD 26
7.5 Rear pannel of the RXRL-LCD 27
7.6 Description of the connectors 28
8. Specifiche Tecniche 29
8.1 Caratteristiche meccaniche 29
8.2 Electrical characteristics of the PTRL LCD 29
8.3 Electrical characteristics of the RXRL-LCD 31
8.4 Electrical characteristics of the PTRL + RXRL-LCD 32
9. Functioning principles of the PTRL-LCD 33
9.1 Power supply 34
9.2 Reducing card 34
9.3 Pannel card 35
9.4 Monitoring card 35
9.5 Main card 35
9.5 Power Amplifier 36
9.6 Telemetry card 36

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10. Functioning principles of the RXRL-LCD 37
10.1 Power supply 38
10.2 Power supply interface 38
10.3 Panel card 39
10.4 IF Card 39
10.5 Front End 39
10.6 VCO/PLL 40
10.7 Telemetry card 40
11. Procedure for change frequency of the radio link 41
11.1 Introduction 41
11.2 Frequency Alignment 41

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1. Preliminary Instructions
This manual is written as a general guide for those having previous knowledge and
experience with this kind of equipment, well conscious of the risks connected with
the operation of electrical equipment.
It is not intended to contain a complete statement of all safety rules which should be
observed by personnel in using this or other electronic equipment.
The installation, use and maintenance of this piece of equipment involve risks both
for the personnel performing them and for the device itself, that shall be used only by
trained personnel.
R.V.R. Elettronica SpA doesn’t assume responsibility for injury or damage resulting
from improper procedures or practices by untrained/unqualified personnel in the
handling of this unit.
Please observe all local codes and fire protection standards in the operations of this
unit.
WARNING: always disconnect power before opening covers or removing any part
of this unit.
Use appropriate grounding procedures to short out capacitors and high voltage points
before servicing.
WARNING: this device can irradiate radio frequency waves, and if it’s not installed
following the instructions contained in the manual and local regulations it could
generate interferences in radio communications.
This is a "CLASS A" equipment. In a residential place this equipment can cause
hash. In this case can be requested to user to take the necessary measures.
R.V.R. Elettronica SpA reserves the right to modify the design and/or the technical
specifications of the product and this manual without notice.

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2. Warranty
Any product of R.V.R. Elettronica is covered by a 24 (twenty-four) month warranty.
For components like tubes for power amplifiers, the original manufacturer’s warranty
applies.
R.V.R. Elettronica SpA extends to the original end-user purchaser all manufacturers
warranties which are transferrable and all claims are to be made directly to R.V.R.
per indicated procedures.
Warranty shall not include:
1 Re-shipment of the unit to R.V.R. for repair purposes
2 Any unauthorized repair/modification;
3 Incidental/consequential damages as a result of any defect
4 Nominal non-incidental defects
5 Re-shipment costs or insurance of the unit or replacement units/parts
Any damage to the goods must be reported to the carrier in writing on the shipment
receipt.
Any discrepancy or damage discovered subsequent to delivery, shall be reported to
R.V.R. Elettronica within 5(five) days from delivery date.
To claim your rights under this warranty, you shold follow this procedure:
1 Contact the dealer or distributor where you purchased the unit. Describe the
problem and, so that a possible easy solution can be detected.
Dealers and Distributors are supplied with all the information about problems
that may occur and usually they can repair the unit quicker than what the
manufacturer could do. Very often installing errors are discovered by dealers.
2 If your dealer cannot help you, contact R.V.R. Elettronica and explain the problem.
If it is decided to return the unit to the factory, R.V.R. Elettronica will mail you
a regular authorization with all the necessary instructions to send back the goods.
3 When you receive the authorization, you can return the unit. Pack it carefully
for the shipment, preferably using the original packing and seal the package
perfectly. The customer always assumes the risks of loss (i.e., R.V.R. is never
responsible for damage or loss), until the package reaches R.V.R. premises. For
this reason, we suggest you to insure the goods for the whole value. Shipment
must be effected C.I.F. (PREPAID) to the address specified by R.V.R.’s service
manager on the authorization
DO NOT RETURN UNITS WITHOUT OUR AUTHORIZATION AS THEY WILL BE
REFUSED

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4 Be sure to enclose a written technical report where mention all the problems found
and a copy of your original invoice establishing the starting date of the warranty.
Replacement and warranty parts may be ordered from the following address. Be
sure to include the equipment model and serial number as well as part description
and part number.
R.V.R. Elettronica SpA
Via del Fonditore, 2/2c
40138 BOLOGNA
ITALY
Tel. [phone]

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3. First Aid
The personnel employed in the installation, use and maintenance of the device, shall
be familiar with theory and practice of first aid..
3.1 Treatment of electrical shocks
3.1.1 If the victim is not responsive
Follow the A-B-C's of basic life support
• Place victim flat on his backon a hard surface.
• Open airway: lift up neck, push forehead back (Fig. 3-1).
• clear out mouth if necessary and observe for breathing
• if not breathing, begin artificial breathing (Figure 3-2): tilt head, pinch nostrils,
make airtight seal, four quick full breaths. Remember mouth to mouth resuscitation
must be commenced as soon as possible
Figure 3-1 Figure 3-2
• Check carotid pulse (Fig 3-3); if pulse is absent, begin artificial circulation
(Fig. 3-4) depressing sternum (Fig. 3-5)
Figure 3-3 Figure 3-4 Figure 3-5
• In case of only one rescuer, 15 compressions alternated to two breaths.
• If there are two rescuers, the rythm shall be of one brath each 5 compressions.
• Do not interrupt the rythm of compressions when the second person is giving
breath.
• Call for medical assistance as soon as possible.

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3.1.2 If victim is responsive
•Keep them warm
•Keep them as quiet as possible
•Loosen their clothing (a reclining position is recommended)
•Call for medical help as soon as possible
3.2 Treatment of electrical Burns
3.2.1 Extensive burned and broken skin
•Cover area with clean sheet or cloth
•Do not break blisters, remove tissue, remove adhered particles of clothing, or
apply any salve or ointment.
•Treat victim for shock as required.
•Arrange transportation to a hospital as quickly as possible.
•If arms or legs are affected keep them elevated
If medical help will not be available within an hour and the victim is conscious and not
vomiting, give him a weak solution of salt and soda: 1 level teaspoonful of salt and 1/
2 level teaspoonful of baking soda to each quart of water (neither hot or cold). Allow
victim to sip slowly about 4 ounces (half a glass) over a period of 15 minutes.
Discontinue fluid if vomiting occurs
DO NOT give alcohol
3.2.2 Less severe burns
• Apply cool (not ice cold) compresses using the cleansed available cloth article.
•Do not break blisters, remove tissue, remove adhered particles of clothing, or
apply salve or ointment.
•Apply clean dry dressing if necessary.
•Treat victim for shock as required.
•Arrange transportation to a hospital as quickly as possible
•If arms or legs are affected keep them elevated.

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4. General description
The PTRL-LCD and the RXRL-LCD are, respectively a broadband radio transmitter
and receiver for the transport of audio signals as an auxiliary to the frequency
modulation sound broadcasting.
This type of equipment is often called STL (Studio-to-Transmitter Link).
The PTRL-LCD is designed to work in an optimum way when connected to the
receiver RXRL-LCD.
Externally, it is a box to mount in a 19" rack, each one being 2HE high.
The standard working frequency bands are the following:
• 220 MHz ÷ 240 MHz (5KHz steps)
• 420 MHz ÷ 440 MHz (5KHz steps)
• 900 MHz ÷ 960 MHz (5KHz steps)
The working frequency (and therefore the band) should be indicated when the order
for such product is placed.
WARNING: upon request, these links are available at other frequency bands and
steps, please contactact RVR in order to check the availability of modules at the
required frequency.
The PTRL-LCD is available with internal stereo coder which can guarantee an
optimum stereophonic separation as well as a low level of armonic distorsion. In
function of your own requirements it can be configurated for the functioning under the
Mono/MPX mode (that is to say when excluding the stereo coder and when using the
"left" inputs as a "mono" input and the BNC, which is always on, as "MPX"). The
configuration can be done by the user with the help of microswitches which can be
selected from the outside. It has also two inputs (SCA1 and SCA2) for signals which
are modulated on sub-carriers by appropriated external coders, normally used in
Europe for the RDS transmission (Radio Data System).
In the standard version of the RXRL-LCD, the demodulated signal is available in the
MPX form (that is to say the complete basis signal band) and in the mono version.
Moreover there are two connectors used for the respective SCA outputs. As an option,
the RXRL-LCD can be equipped with a stereo decoder option. Also when this option
is present, apart from the outputs for the LEFT and RIGHT channels, the outputs for
the MPX signal are present and for the possible sub-carriers.
The important audio characteristics of this equipment are the low distorsion and
intermodulation values and the high S/N level; another important quality both of the
PTRL-LCD and the RXRL-LCD is its very simple construction and its easy use.

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Both the PTRL-LCD and the RXRL-LCD were designed in a modular way: the different
functions are executed by modules connected directly with male and female
connectors or with flat cables with connectors at both ends. This type of design makes
the maintenance and the possible replacement of modules an easy operation.
The microprocessor system includes an LCD display and series of push-buttons
that enable the interaction with the user, and implements the following functionsfor
the transmitter:
• Setting of the output power
• Setting of the working frequency
• Activation and switch off of the power distribution
• Measurement and display of the working parameters of the transmitter
• Communication with external devices
These functions are implemented for the receiver:
• Display of the modulation
• Setting of the working frequency
• Setting of the muting
• Measurement and display of the working parameters of the receiver
• Communication with external devices
The system of the management software is composed of several menus.
The user can navigate between the different submenus by using four push-buttons:
ESC, LEFT/HIGH, RIGHT/LOW, and ENTER.
The status of the unit is indicated by four LEDs which are present on the front pannel:
• ON, LOCK, FOLDBACK, RF MUTE for the PTRL LCD.
• ON, LOCK, PILOT, MUTE for the RXRL LCD.
Both the transmitter and the receiver have an input for the external 24 Vcc supply.
This auxiliary supply source, that can be realized by the user with the help of rescue-
batteries, is automatically used in case of AC voltage absence.

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5. PTRL-LCD quick guide for installation and use
This chapter contains the necessary instructions for the installation and use of the
equipment. In case some aspects are not totally clear, for instance when a user is
using this equipment for the first time, we advise the new user to read carefully the
entire description contained in this manual.
5.1 Preparation
Unpack the transmitter and check, before making any operation, that the unit has not
suffered from any mishandling during transport. In particular check that all the
connectors are in perfect conditions.
Check that the supply voltage value coincides with the AC voltage available.
The input supply field is of:
•PTRL LCD 90-260 VAC
Check that the switches of the PTRL-LCD are in the position "0" (off).
The PTRL-LCD has 2 switches: one is included in the VDE socket for the AC supply
cable and interrupts completely the AC supply of the unit, while the second is situated
on the front pannel and his action is to inhibit the switching power supply of the unit.
Connect the RF output of the exciter to the antenna cable or to a dummy load adapted
for the working frequency and the power output used.
Connect the AC cable to the corresponding VDE socket.
REMARK: It is essential that the AC network has an accurrate grounding system in
order to ensure both the safety of the users and the correct functioning of the unit.
If the user intends to use external batteries in case of AC supply interruption, connect
them to the clamps situated at the back of the equipment being careful to respect the
polarity.
WARNING: Keep in mind that the general switch of the transmitter has an effect on
the AC supply, and not on the possible auxiliary supply. If you use an external supply
with continuous current, it is then necessary to have an external switch for this purpose.
Connect the audio cables of your own audio signal to the apropriate connectors
situated at the back of the exciter.

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5.2 Use
Switch on the transmitter by putting the selector on the position "I" (on) the switch
situated on the pannel, and switch it on thanks to the switch situated on the front
pannel.
Enter the menu "Set" and set the working frequency desired. For the description of
the different menus, read the chapter 5.4.
With the help of the switches and trimmers situated on the rear pannel, set the
characteristics (impedance, preenphasis, and possibly stereo/mono) and the levels
of the audio inputs and RDS (if used).
REMARK: When it comes out of the factory, the output power of the unit is regulated
at the minimum and is setted on the OFF position. Anyway we always advise to
check the setted level before you select the output power, especially when the unit is
used as modulator of a power amplifier.
From the predefined menu, set the desired power level.
From the menu "Fnc", set the power output.
5.3 Settings and calibration
The only regulations that should be done manually on the PTRL-LCD are the
regulations of the levels and audio functioning modes.
On the rear pannel of the unit there is a trimmer for each input of the exciter; the silk-
screnn of the pannel indicated to which input each trimmer refers to. The sensitivity
of the different inputs can be regulated with the trimmers as indicated in the following
tables:
•Sensitivity of the inputs
Input Chap. 7.2 Trimmer Sensitivity Notes
MPX/RDS [10] [11] -20 ÷ +13 dBm Input level for 2.0 kHz (-30 dB) of
deviation
SCA1 [9] [24] - 8 ÷ +13 dBm
SCA2 [22] [23] - 8 ÷ +13 dBm
Input level for 7.5 kHz (-20 dB) of
deviation
Left -
Mono/MPX
[26] [25] -13 ÷ +13 dBm
Right/Mono [13] [12] -13 ÷ +13 dBm
Input level for75 kHz(0 dB) of deviation
In order to regulate the sensitivity level of the inputs, it is important to keep in mind
that the instantaneous modulation level is indicated in the predefined menu and that
an indicator indicates that the level is at 75 kHz. For a correct regulation, we advise
to bring a signal equivalent to the signal level of your own audio programme into the
input of the unit and regulate the corresponding trimmer until the instantaneous
deviation coincides with the 75 kHz indication.

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For the regulation of the levels of the sub-carriers' inputs, a similar procedure can be
followed, with the help of the option "X10" which can be selected from the menu Fnc.
With this option, the indicated modulation level is multiplied per the factor 10, so that
the hachured indication of the predefined menu coincides with a deviation value of
7,5 kHz.
As for the stereo version, there is an appropriate menu in which the levels of the right
and left channels with the corresponding nominal level indicators for the maximum
75Khz deviation are indicated separately.
The position of the DIP switches that are needed to select the available options is
indicated on the silk-screen.
•Preenphasis (switch [7] Chap. 7.2):
ON
1
2
3
4
50 µs
ON
1
2
3
4
75 µs
•Impedance of L&R inputs (XLR type) (switch [27] Chap. 7.2):
Switch 1: Impedance of R XLR ON input = 600 Ω, OFF = 10 kΩ
Switch 2: Impedance of L XLR ON input = 600 Ω, OFF = 10 kΩ
•Functioning modes / Impedance of MPX input ([8] Chap. 7.2):
Switch 1: Functioning mode ON = Mono, OFF = Stereo
Switch 2: impedance of MPX ON input = 50 Ω, OFF = 10 kΩ
5.4 Software
The unit is equipped with an LCD display with 2 lines on which several menus are
shown. A general view of the menus of the unit are shown in the illustration.
On the left side of the display, depending on the case, one of the following symbols
can be present:
The parameter indicated by the arrow can be modified
The arrow indicates the current line, whose parameter cannot be modified. This
symbol is present in the menus composed of several lines as an help for the
scrolling of the menus.
When the unit is switched on, the LCD display shows the predefined view, with the
graphical representation of the instantaneous modulation level and the indication of
the value of the direct power erogated:

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The vertical bars near the title "Mod" indicate the progress of the modulation in real
time; the hachured bar indicates the maximum 75 kHz nominal modulation level
(100%).
In order to change the power level setted, select with the push-button GIU' the line
which corresponds to the power and keep the ENTER button pressed until you enter
the modify mode.
The above line displays the instantaneous power reading (in this example 10W),
while the bar indicates the setted level. In order to increase the level, keep the
DESTRA/GIU' button pressed, in order to reduce it press the SINISTRA/SU' button.
As the setted level increases or decreases, the bar gets longer or shorter in order to
enable the display of the current setting. Once the desired level is reached, press
ENTER to confirm and exit the predefined menu. Please note that the setted value is
anyway memorized, therefore when you press ESC or when the timeout period is
passed and no button was pressed, the power will remain on the last setted level.
When you press twice on the ESC button while you are in the predefined menu, the
following selection view is displayed, and from this view it will be then possible to
enter to all the other menus:
To enter one of the submenus, select the name (that will be enhanced by a flashing
cursor) with the RIGHT or LEFT push-buttons and then press the ENTER button.
If on the contrary, you wish to return to the predefined menu, you just have to press
again the ESC push-button.
In some cases, on the left side of the menu an arrow can appear. It means that it is
necessary to indicate the current line selected. When the arrow is full, the parameter
can be modified, while when it is empty, the parameter can only be viewed.
REMARK: The "L&R" menu is available only in the stereo version. In the mono version
the "L&R" inscription do not appear.
5.4.1 Functioning menu (Fnc)
From this menu the user can set the deviation display mode, he can switch on or
inhibit the power erogation of the transmitter and he can modify the attention threshold.

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In order to intervene on one of the three keys, select the corresponding line with the
"UP" and "DOWN" buttons and then press and keep the ENTER button pressed until
the order is accepted. In this way the Pwr setting will go from On to Off or viceversa
and the Mod setting will go from "X1" to "X10" or viceversa.
In "X10" mode the indication of the instantaneous deviation is multiplied by 10, this is
why the hachured indicator on the predefined menu coincides with the 7,5 kHz value
instead of 75 kHz. This visualization mode is useful when the user wants to have low
deviation levels displayed, for instance when they are provoked by the pilot tone or
the subcarriers.
As indicated in the introduction, the transmitter offers the possibiliy to the user to set
the attention threshold. This latter is compared to the level of one of the functioning
parameters of the unit. The result of the comparison is available on the telemetry
connector, and can be read on the display as "O" (which means open, that is to say
the result is wrong) or "C" (which means closes, therefore the result is true).
The threshold that can be setted (Power Good) refers to the transmitted power level.
The threshold is expressed in percentage of the full scale of the considered size.
The full-scale of the monitored size of the attention threshold for the PTRL-LCD is:
•Forward Power 10 W
In order to change the values of the attention thresholds, the following procedure
should be followed:
•Select the line that should be modified (with the 'UP' and 'DOWN' buttons)
•Press the ENTER button
•Modify the value of the threshold ('UP' and 'DOWN' buttons)
•Press the ENTER button
In this example, the alarm threshold is:
•PwG 9 W (90% x 10 W)
5.4.2 Pwr menu (Pwr)
This view shows to the user the measurements corresponding to the power erogation
of the exciter:
•Forward Power (Fwd )
•Reflected Power (Rfl)

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The values indicated are "readings", and therefore cannot be modified (remark the
empty triangle). In order to modify the power setting, use the predefined menu as
described formerly.
5.4.3 Power Amplifier menu (P.A)
This view, composed of three lines that can be scrolled with the 'UP' and 'DOWN'
buttons, shows to the user the values corresponding to the power amplifier of the
unit:
•Voltage (VPA)
•Absorbed current (IPA)
5.4.4 Menù Impostazioni (Set)
This menu enables to read and set the working frequencies.
When you press the ENTER button, it will be possible to modify the setted frequency
with the 'UP' (the frequency increases) and 'DOWN' (the frequency decreases).
After a new frequency value was setted, press the ENTER button to confirm the choice;
the exciter will unlock from the current frequency (the LED LOCK switches off) and
will lock to the new working frequency (the LOCK LED lits up). On the contrary when
you press ESC or when you let the timeout passes by, the frequency will remain
setted at the last value memorized.
5.4.5 Mix menu (Mix)
This menu enables to set the path of the unit on a serial bus connection of the type
I2C:
The I2C AC path is important when the exciter is connected to an RVR transmission
system which allows the use of this protocol. We recommend not to modify it with no
reason.

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5.4.6 Versions Menu (Vrs)
zThis view shows the version of the unit and the date to the software release.
5.4.7 Channels menu (L&R)
This menu works on stereo version units.
The input levels of the right and left channels are represented by vertical bars as
indicated in the following illustration.
The hachured bar indicates the level which corresponds to the global deviation of
100% of the channels.

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