Raytech CAPO 2.5 User manual

INSTRUCTION MANUAL
ENGLISH
RAYTECH AG , OBEREBENESTRASSE 11, CH-5620 BREMGARTEN, SWITZERLAND
CAPO 2.5 / CAPO 12
CAPACITANCE AND POWER FACTOR
METER

Preli inary
Contents
1 Safety Pre autions 6
1.1 Safe operation.....................................................................................................................6
1.2 Ground the Instru ent.........................................................................................................6
1.3 Operator qualifications and safety standards.......................................................................7
1.4 Measuring cable anage ent and connection...................................................................8
1.5 Before applying power.........................................................................................................8
1.6 Keep away fro live circuits................................................................................................9
1.7 Do not operate in an explosive at osphere.........................................................................9
1.8 Do not substitute parts or odify Instru ent.......................................................................9
1.9 Transportation and Lifting....................................................................................................9
2 CAPO 2.5 10
2.1 Unpacking......................................................................................................................... 10
2.2 Technical Specifications CAPO 2.5....................................................................................11
2.3 Measure ent Para eters CAPO 2.5................................................................................12
3 CAPO 12 14
3.1 Unpacking......................................................................................................................... 14
3.2 Technical Specifications CAPO 12.....................................................................................15
3.3 Measure ent Para eters CAPO 12.................................................................................16
4 Introdu tion 18
4.1 General..............................................................................................................................18
4.2 Advantages & Features.....................................................................................................20
4.3 Syste Details...................................................................................................................20
5 Qui k Start Guide 21
5.1 Connection........................................................................................................................ 21
5.2 Instru ent operation..........................................................................................................21
6 Power fa tor / tan δ measurements 23
6.1 Definitions..........................................................................................................................23
6.1.1 Dissipation factor tan δ............................................................................................24
6.1.2 Power Factor (PF) cos φ..........................................................................................25
6.2 Background....................................................................................................................... 26
6.2.1 I perfect dielectric...................................................................................................26
6.2.2 Equivalent circuits....................................................................................................27
6.2.3 Conversion series- parallel-replace ent circuit diagra ..........................................29
6.2.3.1 Si plifications for s all Dissipation / Power Factor.....................................31
6.2.4 Conversion capacitances to inductances.................................................................32
7 Operation Elements 33
7.1 CAPO 2.5.......................................................................................................................... 33
7.2 CAPO 12........................................................................................................................... 36
8 Operating Menu 39
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8.1 Menu Structure..................................................................................................................39
8.2 Main Menu......................................................................................................................... 40
8.2.1 Main Menu Screen...................................................................................................40
8.2.1.1 Safety-Switch...............................................................................................43
8.2.1.2 Earth connection..........................................................................................43
8.2.1.3 Test object....................................................................................................44
8.2.1.4 Ti e.............................................................................................................44
8.2.1.5 Battery Sy bol.............................................................................................45
8.2.2 Measure ent Mode.................................................................................................46
8.2.3 Caption.................................................................................................................... 47
8.2.4 Measure ent frequency..........................................................................................48
8.2.5 Measure ent voltage..............................................................................................50
8.2.6 Start a easure ent...............................................................................................51
8.2.6.1 Single easure ent....................................................................................52
8.2.6.2 Multi easure ent.......................................................................................52
8.2.6.3 Continuous easure ent............................................................................53
8.2.7 Setup....................................................................................................................... 55
8.2.7.1 General........................................................................................................56
8.2.7.1.1 License...............................................................................................56
8.2.7.1.2 About..................................................................................................57
8.2.7.1.3 Clock..................................................................................................57
8.2.7.1.4 Cursor................................................................................................57
8.2.7.1.5 Update................................................................................................58
8.2.7.1.6 Language...........................................................................................58
8.2.7.1.7 Service...............................................................................................59
8.2.7.2 Operator.......................................................................................................59
8.2.7.3 Oil Correction Table......................................................................................60
8.2.7.4 Dissipation factor..........................................................................................61
8.2.7.5 Quality Assistant...........................................................................................61
8.2.7.6 Printer..........................................................................................................62
8.2.7.7 Colour.......................................................................................................... 62
8.3 Results and data structure.................................................................................................63
8.3.1 New.........................................................................................................................63
8.3.1.1 New test object.............................................................................................64
8.3.1.2 Load fro Archive........................................................................................64
8.3.1.3 New Measure ent.......................................................................................65
8.3.2 Info..........................................................................................................................65
8.3.3 Archive.....................................................................................................................65
8.3.3.1 Info...............................................................................................................66
8.3.3.1.1 Diagra ..............................................................................................67
9 Measurement Modes 69
9.1 Overview........................................................................................................................... 69
9.2 UST Ungrounded Speci en Test......................................................................................71
9.2.1 UST A......................................................................................................................72
9.2.2 UST B...................................................................................................................... 72
9.2.3 UST A + B................................................................................................................ 73
9.3 GST................................................................................................................................... 74
9.3.1 GST A + B................................................................................................................ 74
9.4 GSTg................................................................................................................................. 75
9.4.1 GSTg A....................................................................................................................76
9.4.2 GSTg B....................................................................................................................76
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9.4.3 GSTg A + B.............................................................................................................. 77
9.5 Xfr r.................................................................................................................................. 78
9.5.1 HL HV...................................................................................................................... 78
9.5.2 HL LV....................................................................................................................... 78
9.5.3 HLT HV....................................................................................................................79
9.5.4 HLT LV.....................................................................................................................79
9.5.5 HLT TV.....................................................................................................................80
9.6 Multi...................................................................................................................................81
9.7 Excitation current Iexci.......................................................................................................82
10 Bushing Test 84
10.1 Bushing Overall test.........................................................................................................86
10.2 Bushing ain insulation test............................................................................................87
10.3 Bushing tap insulation test...............................................................................................88
10.4 Bushing hot collar test.....................................................................................................89
11 Interfa es 90
11.1 Hardware......................................................................................................................... 90
11.1.1 RS 323................................................................................................................... 90
11.1.2 USB....................................................................................................................... 90
11.1.3 Safety.....................................................................................................................91
11.1.4 Te p...................................................................................................................... 92
A Rayte h T-Base 95
A.1 T-Base Lite........................................................................................................................95
A.2 T-Base Pro........................................................................................................................ 95
B System Update 96
C Software Development Kit (SDK) 97
D Command Syntax 98
D.1 Raytech USB/Serial Port Driver........................................................................................98
D.2 Co and Syntax.............................................................................................................98
D.3 Answer-codes...................................................................................................................98
D.3.1 Synchronous Answers.............................................................................................98
D.3.2 Asynchronous Answer.............................................................................................99
D.3.3 Serial Interface........................................................................................................99
D.4 USB Interface.................................................................................................................... 99
E USB Printer Info 100
E.1 Printer Require ents......................................................................................................100
E.2 Suggested Printers..........................................................................................................100
F Servi e Mode 101
F.1 Calibrate Touchscreen.....................................................................................................101
F.2 Show Ground Warning.....................................................................................................102
F.3 CSV Separator.................................................................................................................102
F.4 Raytech USB Driver.........................................................................................................103
F.5 Show Series Values.........................................................................................................103
F.6 Oil Correction Table......................................................................................................... 104
G Error Messages 106
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H Trouble Shooting 108
H.1 Touch Panel does not work.............................................................................................109
H.2 USB Me ory Stick does not work...................................................................................109
I Warranty Conditions 110
I.1 Li itation of Warranty.......................................................................................................110
I.2 Arbitration..........................................................................................................................111
J Conta ts 112
K Index 113
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1 Safety Pre autions
The following safety precautions ust be observed during all phases of operation, service and
repair of this instru ent. By purchasing this equip ent the purchaser assu es all liability for the
operation and use of this equip ent. The intended use of the instru ent, its design and
anufacture, is to be conducted within the precautions or other specific warnings located within
this anual. Failure to co ply with these precautions and other specific warnings violates the
safety standards of design, anufacture, and intended use. Raytech assu es no liability for the
operation and use of this equip ent.
1.1 Safe operation
Only qualified, knowledgeable persons should be per itted to or atte pt to operate this test
equip ent. All test personnel should fully fa iliarize the selves with the correct application and
operation of this and all test equip ent prior to operation. Persons directly and indirectly engaged
in the operation of this test equip ent should keep clear of all high voltage apparatus while
conducting tests and easure ents.
1.2 Ground the Instrument
To ini ize shock hazard, the Ground Ter inal on the instru ent ust be properly connected to
an Earth grounded point. In any cases, the quality of the safety ground ter inal provided by the
power cord does not fulfil the safety require ents.
Also the power cord supplied with the equip ent ust be connected to an electrical receptacle
with an electrical ground (safety earth ground).
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WARNING !
WARNING !
Never connect the Instru ent to an energized Transfor er!
WARNING !
WARNING !
Non-grounded Instru ents are dangerous and ay cause da age to
personnel and to the Instru ent.

Preli inary
1.3 Operator qualifi ations and safety standards
Before perfor ing any test with this instru ent, read this user anual and observe all safety
precautions indicated.
Be aware that Safety is the responsibility of the user!
Corrective aintenance ust be perfor ed by qualified personnel who are fa iliar with the
construction and operation of the test set and the hazards involved.
Raytech AG refuses to accept any responsibility for consequential or direct da age to persons or
goods due to non-observance of instructions contained herein or due to incorrect use of the
instru ent.
Never disconnect the high voltage or the low voltage test cables fro either the ter inals of the
test speci en or the instru ental side, unless the CAPO is in safe ode.
The CAPO and the object to which it is connected are possible sources of high voltage electrical
energy and all persons aking or assisting in tests ust use all practical safety precautions to
prevent contact with energized parts of the test set and related circuits. Persons actually engaged
in the test ust stand clear of all parts of the co plete high voltage circuit, including all
connections, unless the test set is deenergized and all parts of the test circuit are grounded.
90315-1.2 Instruction Manual CAPO Page 7 of 117
HIGH VOLTAGE !
HIGH VOLTAGE !
Hazardous voltage ay result in severe injury or death!
CAUTION !
CAUTION !
The FIRST cable you have to connect to earth ground is always the Safety
GND. This is also the LAST cable to disconnect! Any interruption of the
grounding connection can create an electric shock hazard.

Preli inary
Working on HV devices is extre ely dangerous. Measure ents ust be carried out only by
qualified, skilled and authorized personnel. Before starting to work, clearly establish the
responsibilities. Personnel receiving training, instructions, directions or education on the
easure ent setup ust be under constant supervision of an experienced operator while working
with the equip ent. The easure ent ust co ply wit the relevant national and international
safety standards listed below:
•EN 50191 (VDE 0104) “Erection and Operation of Electrical Equip ent”
•EN 50110-1 (VDE 0105 Part 100) “Operation of Electrical Installations”
•IEEE 510 “Reco ended Practices for Safety in High-Voltage and High-Power Testing”
•LAPG 1710.6 NASA “Electrical Safety”
Moreover, additional relevant laws and internal safety standards have to be followed.
1.4 Measuring able management and onne tion
The HV Cable and the 2 easure ent cables A and B are shielded. On the one hand because of
the safety and on the other because of the easuring accuracy.
Take care that no jacket of the cable touches the high voltage parts because of partial discharge or
flashover!
1.5 Before applying power
Read this anual carefully before operating the syste . The CAPO 2.5 and the CAPO 12 operates
within a wide range of power input fro 85Vac to 264Vac and 47Hz to 63Hz with auto atic
ranging.
90315-1.2 Instruction Manual CAPO Page 8 of 117
WARNING !
WARNING !
Before operating the instru ent, be sure you have read and understood fully
the operating instructions. This instru ent is connected to hazardous
voltages. It is the responsibility of the user to ensure that the syste is
operated in a safe anner.
One ust always expect that under certain circu stances a dangerous high
voltage can be applied!
CAUTION !
CAUTION !
Note that no cable touches the high voltage parts with the jacket!

Preli inary
1.6 Keep away from live ir uits
Operating personnel ust not re ove instru ent covers. Co ponent replace ent and internal
repairs ust be ade by qualified service personnel. Do not replace co ponents or service this
instru ent with the power cable connected. To avoid injuries, always discharge circuits, disconnect
power and re ove external voltage sources before touching co ponents.
1.7 Do not operate in an explosive atmosphere
Do not operate the instru ent in the presence of fla able gases or fu es.
1.8 Do not substitute parts or modify Instrument
Because of the danger of introducing additional hazards, do not install substitute parts or perfor
any unauthorized odification to the instru ent. Return the instru ent to a Raytech service
depart ent for service to ensure proper operation and that safety features are aintained.
Instru ents, which appear da aged or defective, should be ade inoperative and secured against
unintended operation until they can be repaired by qualified service personnel.
1.9 Transportation and Lifting
Especially the CAPO 12 is a heavy instru ent. Do not lift it alone. It is equipped with wheels for
easy transport.
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Preli inary
2 CAPO 2.5
2.1 Unpa king
The Instru ent Power cord (dependent
upon country of
distribution)
2 Paper Rolls HV Cable 1 x 10
Measure ent Cables
2 x 10
Cable bag Safety-GND Cable 1 x 10 HV-GND Cable 1 x 10
Safety-Switch 1 × 2 Instruction Manual USB Stick
If any of the above ite s are issing or da aged, contact your local representative or Raytech
Switzerland i ediately.
Optional test leads ay be ordered (other than shown).
90315-1.2 Instruction Manual CAPO Page 10 of 117

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2.2 Te hni al Spe ifi ations CAPO 2.51
The CAPO 2.5 is specially designed for fast and easy field easure ent with the well known high
precision and quality of Raytech.
Type
Size
Weight
Input Power
Battery
Output Voltage
Output Frequency
Test Current
Output Power
Panel Display
Front Panel
Interface
Me ory Storage
CAPO 2.5
L: 521 (20.5”) W: 432 (17”) H: 216 (8.5”)
22.2 kg (48.9 lbs.)
85-264 VAC (250 W ax.) 47-63 Hz, auto atic ranging
Li-Ion battery pack
up to 2500V AC
10Hz – 400Hz
up to 200 A
500VA
Color LCD with back lighting and touch screen.
Sealed anodized.
2 x USB 2.0 (1 host / 1 device) and 9 Pin RS232 serial
Stores up to 10000 co plete test results.
Operating Te perature
Storage Te perature
-10°C to 60°C
-20°C to 70°C
1 Specifications are subject to change without notice
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2.3 Measurement Parameters CAPO 2.5
Measured values: Dissipation Factor tan δ, Power Factor cos φ, Capacitance, Inductance, Quality
Factor, Power (Watts), Power@10KV, Resistance
Range Resolution A ura y
Dissipation Factor
tan δ
0 ... 0.1
0.1 ... 1
> 1
1x10-5
1x10-4
3 Digits
± 0.5% Rdg ± 1x10-4
± 0.5% Rdg ± 1x10-4
± 0.5% Rdg
Power Factor
cos φ
0 ... 0.1
0.1 ... 1
1x10-5
1x10-4
± 0.5% Rdg ± 1x10-4
± 0.5% Rdg ± 1x10-4
Capacitance
Cmax=Imax
U⋅2⋅π⋅f
50Hz
0.00pF ... 254nF @ 2.5kV
0.00pF ... 1.3µF @ 500V
60Hz
0.00pF ... 212nF @ 2.5kV
0.00pF ... 1.1µF @ 500V
0.01pF or 5 Digits ± 0.3% Rdg ± 0.3pF1
Test Voltage up to 2'500Vr s (45 ...
400Hz)
f < 45Hz:
1V ± 0.5% Rdg ± 1V
Test Current up to 200 Ar s 0.1µA or 4 Digits ± 0.3% Rdg ± 1µA
Output Power 0 ... 500VA
Output Frequency 10Hz - 400Hz 0.1% ± 0.01%
1 >500V
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Uoutmax=2500 V
45 Hz ⋅f

Preli inary
Range Resolution A ura y
Inductance1
Lmin =U
I⋅2⋅π⋅f
50Hz
40H ... 100'000H @ 2.5kV
8H ... 100'000H @ 500V
60Hz
33H ... 70'000H @ 2.5kV
6.6H ... 70'000H @ 500V
0.1 H or 4 Digits ± 0.3% Rdg
1 For ore infor ation see chapter 6.2.4 Conversion capacitances to inductances on page 32
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3 CAPO 12
3.1 Unpa king
The Instru ent Power cord (dependent
upon country of
distribution)
2 Paper Rolls & 2 Fuses HV Cable 1 x 10
Measure ent Cables
2 x 10
Cable bag Safety-GND Cable 1 x 10 HV-GND Cable 1 x 10
Safety-Switch 1 × 2 Instruction Manual USB Stick
If any of the above ite s are issing or da aged, contact your local representative or Raytech
Switzerland i ediately.
Optional test leads ay be ordered (other than shown).
90315-1.2 Instruction Manual CAPO Page 14 of 117

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3.2 Te hni al Spe ifi ations CAPO 121
The CAPO 12 is specially designed for fast and easy field easure ent with the well known high
precision and quality of Raytech.
Type
Size
Weight
Input Power
Output Voltage
Output Frequency
Test Current
Output Power
Panel Display
Front Panel
Interface
Me ory Storage
CAPO 12
L: 627 (24.7”) W: 475 (18.7”) H: 292 (11.5”)
36.9 kg (81 lbs.)
85-264 VAC, 47-63 Hz, auto atic ranging
up to 12000V AC
10Hz – 400Hz
up to 200 A
0 … 2'400VA (400W)
Color 5.7” LCD with back lighting and touch screen.
Sealed anodized.
2 x USB 2.0 (1 host / 1 device) and 9 Pin RS232 serial
Stores up to 10000 co plete test results.
Operating Te perature
Storage Te perature
-10°C to 60°C
-20°C to 70°C
1 Specifications are subject to change without notice
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3.3 Measurement Parameters CAPO 12
Measured values: Dissipation Factor tan δ, Power Factor cos φ, Capacitance, Inductance, Quality
Factor, Power (Watts), Power@10KV, Resistance
Range Resolution A ura y
Dissipation Factor
tan δ
0 ... 0.1
0.1 ... 1
> 1
1x10-5
1x10-4
3 Digits
± 0.5% Rdg ± 1x10-4
± 0.5% Rdg ± 1x10-4
± 0.5% Rdg
Power Factor
cos φ
0 ... 0.1
0.1 ... 1
1x10-5
1x10-4
± 0.5% Rdg ± 1x10-4
± 0.5% Rdg ± 1x10-4
Capacitance
Cmax=Imax
U⋅2⋅π⋅f
50Hz
0.00pF ... 53nF @ 12kV
0.00pF ... 254nF @ 2.5kV
0.00pF ... 1.3µF @ 500V
60Hz
0.00pF ... 44nF @ 12kV
0.00pF ... 212nF @ 2.5kV
0.00pF ... 1.1µF @ 500V
0.01pF or 5 Digits ± 0.3% Rdg ± 0.3pF1
Test Voltage up to 12'000Vr s (45 ...
400Hz)
f < 45Hz:
1V (<2900V)
10V (>2900V)
± 0.5% Rdg ± 1V
Test Current up to 200 Ar s 0.1µA or 4 Digits ± 0.3% Rdg ± 1µA
Output Power 0 ... 2400VA2
Output Frequency 10Hz - 400Hz 0.1% ± 0.01%
90315-1.2 Instruction Manual CAPO Page 16 of 117
Uoutmax=12000V
45 Hz ⋅f

Preli inary
Range Resolution A ura y
Inductance3
Lmin=U
I⋅2⋅π⋅f
50Hz
191H ... 100'000H @ 12kV
40H ... 100'000H @ 2.5kV
8H ... 100'000H @ 500V
60Hz
159H ... 70'000H @ 12kV
33H ... 70'000H @ 2.5kV
6.6H ... 70'000H @ 500V
0.1 H or 4 Digits ± 0.3% Rdg
1 >500V
2 Max 400W
3 For ore infor ation see chapter 6.2.4 Conversion capacitances to inductances on page 32
90315-1.2 Instruction Manual CAPO Page 17 of 117

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4 Introdu tion
4.1 General
The easuring instru ent CAPO 2.5 and CAPO 12 are a new Capacitance and Power Factor Test
Sets developed by Raytech Engineers. Both are built into a portable rugged case, aking it perfect
for field use, specially designed for fast and easy field easure ent, with the well known high
precision and quality of Raytech.
CAPO 2.5 is battery operated and has an output voltage of 2'500V. CAPO 12 has an output
voltage of 12'000V.
Both test set easures dissipation factor (tan δ), power factor (cos ᵠ), capacitance, inductance,
quality factor, resistance, excitation current and power (watts). Built to stand up to the harsh
conditions of field testing, this instru ents provide reliable test results in any situation.
The high power variable frequency design generates its own test signal independent of line
frequency quality and the hardware design uses the latest technology available for digital filtering
of the response signal.
Ease of use: This intelligent syste s have an easy to use operation screen which allows quick
selection of the voltage, frequency and easure ent ode. Both syste s incorporate a
touchscreen which allows the user easy access to change or activate a feature.
Impressive A ura y: The instru ents have a high precision, fully auto atic, ulti-
icroprocessor based architecture. The syste s are designed for highly accurate readings on-site
with laboratory precision.
Built in Standard Capa itor: No external Capacitor is necessary to do precision easure ent.
Wide range: The frequency and the voltage is user selectable fro 10Hz to 400Hz, up to 2'500V
(CAPO2.5) or up to 12'000V (CAPO 12). Results are reported on the easy-to-read color LCD
display and can be stored or printed.
Compa t Design: Both CAPO are available in its own rugged waterproof field case. The CAPO 12
is equipped with wheels for easy transport.
Simple Maintenan e: There is no aintenance required. There is no calibration procedure (no
potentio eters to turn). This is due to the utilization of high precision co ponents in the design.
90315-1.2 Instruction Manual CAPO Page 18 of 117
INFO:
INFO:
The CAPO case is a waterproof design. A pressure regulator activates when
the case is opened to co pensate for at ospheric pressure changes.

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Advan ed Prote tion: Upon powering on, the syste initializes itself with a self-calibrating, circuit
checking sequence. If any proble s are detected during this initialization period, or during
operation, the operator is i ediately notified. The syste constantly onitors the condition when
turned on. This is one of the any reasons we can extend our warranty to 2 years.
90315-1.2 Instruction Manual CAPO Page 19 of 117

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4.2 Advantages & Features
Built-in Standard Capacitor
Power Factor / Tan δ reading
Test Frequency 10Hz to 400Hz
Internal ther al printer
Microprocessor based syste with internal storage for over 10000 test results
Data exchange via USB Key or USB / RS232 Connection
Storage and Printing of test results
Co plete auto atic calibration syste and syste diagnostics
Te perature channel
Standard USB 2.0 & RS232 (serial) Interface
Color LCD with backlighting and touch screen
Panel ounted E ergency Stop Switch
Mounted in rugged case for field testing
2 Years standard warranty
High voltage excitation current features
Multiple frequency easure ents
Reactance and quality factor reading
4.3 System Details
System Che k:
The syste is designed to be used with AC Voltage power sources between 85 to 264VAC, 47 to
63Hz. The CAPO perfor s a self-check each ti e that it is powered on. The User should always
visually inspect all connectors, cables and devices to be easured to avoid any safety issues.
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