Rhopoint NOVO-GLOSS IQ User manual

NOVO-GLOSS IQ GONIOPHOTOMETER
Instrument Manual
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R H O P O I N T I N S T R U M E N T S L T D
Novo-Gloss IQ Operation Manual

Table of Contents
Novo-Gloss IQ -Specular Goniophotometer .......................... 1
Why is specular appearance important? .................................. 2
Disadvantages o standard gloss measurement....................... 3
Specular re lection and sur ace texture .................................... 4
Measuring Standard Gloss with the Novo-Gloss IQ.................. 6
Haze ........................................................................................ 6
Distinctness o Image (DOI) ..................................................... 8
RSpec- Peak Specular Re lectance ......................................... 9
Goniophotometric Pro ile........................................................ 10
Accessories............................................................................ 12
Power..................................................................................... 13
Control Panel ......................................................................... 14
Navigating the Menus............................................................. 15
Accessing the Main Menu ...................................................... 15
Using Short Cuts .................................................................... 16
Measurement Screen............................................................. 17
Statistics and Memory............................................................ 17
Calibration.............................................................................. 18
Taking a measurement........................................................... 21
Instrument set up options ....................................................... 22
Set up menu 1........................................................................ 22
Adjusting the stored calibration values ................................... 22
Switching the Memory on/o .................................................. 22
Set up menu 2........................................................................ 23
Switch the Goniophotometric curve on/o .............................. 23
Switch the Log Haze scale on/o ........................................... 23
Data Menu ............................................................................. 24
Delete the last reading rom statistics memory ....................... 24
Delete the all readings rom statistics memory ....................... 24
Output the saved memory to PC ............................................ 24
Index ...................................................................................... 25
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N O V O - G L O S S I Q O P E R A T I O N M A N A L
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Novo-Gloss IQ
Specular Goniophotometer
Goniophotometer is derived from Greek;
Gonio-Angle, Phos-Light, Metron-Measure
Gloss des ribes the per eption of a surfa e appearing “shiny” when light is
refle ted from it.
When viewing glossy surfa es it is found that a sudden in rease in brightness
o urs when the angle of observation equals the angle of in iden e of the
illuminating light. This ondition is termed as spe ular refle tion.
The Novo-Gloss IQ uses a diode array to measure the distribution of refle ted light
+/- 6⁰ from the spe ular refle tion angle.
Ea h measurement onsist of a 256 point profile of the refle ted light. Using
this information the instrument al ulates Gloss, Rspe , Haze (HU or HU
LOG
)
and Distin tness of image values.
These values are used to assess the visual impa t and refle tive quality of
many oated, painted and polished surfa es.
Goniophotometric output from the Novo-Gloss I analysed in MS Excel. This example shows three papers with different
gloss levels.

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Why is specular appearance important?
A ru ial fa tor in assessing the appearan e of any manufa tured produ t is the
“glossiness” of its finish.
Gloss finishes are often used make produ ts visually appealing. Highly refle tive,
extremely smooth finishes are used to enhan e the aestheti s of ars, luxury
ya hts and high end onsumer ele troni s. Matt finishes are used for ontrast
furniture and ar hite tural features.
The Novo-Gloss IQ measures standard gloss within existing standards, and uses
new te hnology to examine in more detail the distribution of light around the
spe ular angle.
The instrument provides goniophotometri profiles, gloss, haze and distin tness of
image values whi h an be used to assess the visual qualities of a surfa e.
As well as assessing the visual impa t of a surfa e, the Novo-Gloss IQ an also be
used to identify problems with oating formulation and appli ation.
Coating problems su h as dry spray, orange peel, poorly dispersed or flo ulated
pigments, mi ro bubbles, resin in ompatibilities and additive migration all results
in redu ed DOI, Haze or gloss values and therefore an be measured with this
instrument.
Specular reflectance from a “perfect mirror” surface- all light is reflected in the specular direction

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Disadvantages of standard gloss measurement
In 1925 Pfund des ribed a simple method for measuring spe ular refle tan e; this
method has sin e been refined and standardised but the basi design for a
glossmeter has remained un hanged.
The onventional glossmeter is widely used to assess the visual quality of test
panels and produ t surfa es; however the human eye an see ertain surfa e
defe ts that are not dete ted with this instrument. This is a parti ular problem
where finishes are given high gloss values but rated by observers as having a poor
appearan e.
The reason for differen es between observed quality and measured gloss is
be ause light entering a glossmeter is re orded as one value without the dete tion
of variation. In the human eye the refle ted image a tivates a ompa t array of
light sensors known as ones, the detailed signal from these ones allows the eye
to see subtle textures on a surfa e that are not re orded with a glossmeter.
The Novo-Gloss IQ, with its array of light sensors mimi s the effe t of refle ted
light in the human eye. More detailed information from this instrument allows the
user to measure and ontrol surfa e defe ts that are undete table with a standard
glossmeter.

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Specular reflection and surface texture
The reflection from a paint film contains includes a mixture of specular and diffuse light.
There are several fa tors that influen e the gloss and appearan e quality of a
oating;
• The hemi al omposition of the oating/top oat/varnish vehi le, the
refra tive index of this omponent largely determines how light is refle ted
from the surfa e.
• The size and frequen y of stru tures on the surfa e, these an be
deliberate in the ase of matting additives whi h s atter light, or
unintentional and unwanted su h as additive bloom, orange peel,
reti ulation et .
• Uneven substrates may ause texturing to the oating surfa e. For
transparent oatings the refle tive nature of the substrate is also
important.
• Metalli and Effe t Pigments, the size, distribution and alignment of these
larger size parti les have an effe t on the refle tive hara teristi s of a
oating.

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By measuring Gloss, Haze and DOI, the Novo-Gloss IQ quantifies the visual impa t
of a produ t and the nature and frequen y of textures on its surfa e.
Most painted and oated obje ts have some degree of surfa e texture whi h
impa ts their visual appearan e. These textures an be des ribed by their size and
the visual effe t they have on the paint surfa e or the quality of a refle ted image.
The smallest textures (< 0.01mm) result in gloss redu tion, the largest an result in
visible ripples on the oated surfa e (> 1mm ).
The Novo-Gloss IQ is sensitive to surfa e stru tures up to 10mm in length.
A diagram showing the effect of structures on surface appearance. The smallest structures cause gloss reduction, larger
texturing causes haze, the largest structures such as waviness and orange peel reduce the DOI of a surface.

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Measuring Standard Gloss with the Novo-Gloss IQ
The Novo-Gloss IQ al ulates gloss using the parts of the goniophotometri profile
that orresponds to the angles des ribed in ISO 2813 and ASTM 523.
Gloss results measured with the IQ have been verified using BAM tra eable gloss
tiles and onform to this standard throughout the measurement range.
Haze
Haze des ribes the milky halo or bloom adja ent to the refle ted image.
Reflection haze on a vehicle body causes a “milky” finish and a drop in reflection contrast.
Surfa e haze an be problemati in most oating appli ations in luding automotive
manufa ture, powder oatings and other high gloss oatings. It an be attributed
to a number of auses in luding in ompatible materials in a formulation,
diffi ulties in appli ation and problems en ountered during drying/ uring/stoving.

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Reflected light sources in surfaces with medium and high haze values.
Coatings without haze an be seen to have a deep refle tion and have high
refle ted ontrast. Those with a lower level of refle tion haze exhibit a slight
“milky” finish whi h an be seen at the surfa e.
When viewing the refle tion of a strong light sour e in a surfa e with high haze the
image “blooms” and has a bright halo around it.
Haze is an important measure for highly polished metals and is often asso iated
with polishing marks and ma hining dire tion.
Gloss-haze meters are traditionally used to measure this parameter and use a
standard glossmeter design with additional light stops and diodes to measure the
haze omponent 2⁰ either side of the spe ular.
Gloss-haze instruments have not found mainstream a eptan e in the oating
industry be ause to take repeatable measurements the sample surfa e needs to
be ompletely flat and un-textured. The relative high ost of these instruments has
also been found to be prohibitive.
Measuring Haze with the Novo-Gloss IQ
The Novo-Gloss IQ automati ally ompensates for sample surfa e flatness and
texturing allowing haze measurements to be taken on most produ t surfa es.
Gloss Haze values are al ulated using the angular toleran es des ribed in ASTM
E430. The instrument an display the natural haze value (HU) or Log Haze Value
(HU
LOG
). When measuring haze values, higher numbers indi ate a lower quality
surfa e. A high gloss surfa e with zero haze has a deep refle tion image with high
ontrast.
Log Haze Values are ommonly quoted for paints and oatings as this s ale has
in reased resolution at the haze levels ommonly seen on this type of surfa e.

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Distinctness of Image (DOI)
Distin tness of image is, as the name implies a fun tion of the sharpness of a
refle ted image in a oating surfa e.
Two surfa es finished with similar oatings may exhibit identi al gloss values but
visually the quality of one oating an be seen to be very poor. Upon loser
inspe tion the visually substandard poor oating has a highly textured dimpled
appearan e known as “orange peel”. When a refle ted obje t is viewed in su h a
oating the image be omes fuzzy and distorted.
The automotive industry was the main driver to increased quality gloss coatings. Orange peel drastically reduces the
perceived quality of automotive finishes.
Orange peel, waviness, texturing, pin holing and similar effe ts an be problemati
in many high gloss oating appli ations in luding automotive, powder oating and
any other industries that requires a smooth homogenous finish. All these effe ts
an be measured with the Novo-Gloss IQ.
DOI has been measured instrumentally and subje tively in the automotive industry
for many years. Instruments that measured this value in the past were bulky
expensive and some had poor repeatability. DOI measurement was not ommon

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outside of automotive be ause of the ost of equipment was high and the demand
for high quality gloss finish was not as ru ial.
The Novo-Gloss IQ measures the DOI of a surfa e by quantifying the way a
refle ted measurement beam is spread and distorted around the spe ular angle.
An example of test panel with low and high DOI values. Orange peel, texture, flow out and other key parameters can be
assessed in coating applications where high gloss quality is becoming increasingly important.
The DOI value of a surfa e is number between zero and one hundred; a surfa e
that exhibits a perfe t undistorted image returns a value of 100, as the values
de rease and as the image be omes less dis ernable.
Measuring DOI with the Novo-Gloss IQ
The Novo-Gloss IQ an measures DOI at 20⁰ and 60⁰ degrees,
20⁰ is the pres ribed angle for DOI measurement in ASTM D5767.
Due to the larger measurement spot size at 60⁰, tests have shown that this angle is
more sensitive to longer wave length ripples than 20⁰.
RSpec- Peak Specular Reflectance
Peak spe ular refle tan e is a measure of the peak gloss value of a surfa e; this
value is obtained very lose to the spe ular angle.

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Goniophotometric Profile
The Gloss, Haze, Rspe and DOI values given by the IQ an be used to assess the
visual quality of any surfa e. Alternatively the full Gonio- urves an be
downloaded to a PC and overlaid for a detailed understanding of spe ular
refle tan e.
Goniophotometric curve and specular indices for two painted yacht panels
The ya ht panel example perfe tly demonstrates the need for additional
appearan e information than that supplied with a glossmeter as the panels have
virtually identi al gloss when measured with this instrument. Visual inspe tion
however, shows the first panel to have a very high degree of orange peel.
When measured with the Novo-Gloss IQ, the instrument measures gloss
identi ally to a standard glossmeter (87.2 GU-89.0 GU). It also quantifies the
orange peel finish on the substandard oating with a low DOI reading of 84.3.
Sample
Orange
Peel.
Good
Finish
Angle 20.0 20.0
Gloss 87.2 89.0
Rspe 54.7 88.2
Log Haze 37.6 32.5
DOI 84.3 97.1

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Calculating Gloss, Haze, RSpec and DOI from a Goniophotometric profile
For the above example at 20⁰, Novo-Gloss IQ al ulates the Gloss value by
summing the gloss values +/- 0.9⁰ from the spe ular angle. These toleran es are
spe ified in ASTM D523/ISO 2813.
The RSpe value is the peak gloss value at the spe ular angle.
Haze is measured by summing the gloss values between 18-19⁰ and 21-22⁰, the
angles des ribed in ASTM E430.
The DOI value is a fun tion of the slope of ea h urve, the sharper the gloss
response, the higher the DOI value (100 DOI is a perfe t refle ting surfa e). More
detail of this method an be found in ASTM D5767.
The Novo-Gloss I screen displays a low resolution gonio-curve for comparison.
The instrument uses the angular toleren es from ISO 2813 & ASTM D523 to
al ulate gloss values at 60⁰. The angular toleran es used at 20⁰ to al ulate Haze,
and DOI are also used at this geometry.
Gloss Component
Haze
Component
Haze
Component
20
⁰

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Accessories
The Novo-Gloss IQ is supplied with the following kit
• Novo-Gloss IQ 20/60⁰ goniophotometer
• BAM tra eable high gloss alibration tile with ertifi ate
• BAM tra eable mirror refle tan e alibration tile with ertifi ate
• USB-PC data able
• Software disk
• Glass-standard leaning loth
• Instrument arry ase
• S rewdriver
• 4 x AA High power dry ell batteries

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Power
Novo-Gloss IQ is powered with 4 x AA batteries, dry ell or re hargeable may be
used.
To install or repla e the batteries remove the battery panel by uns rewing the two
s rews. Insert the new ells in the battery artridge and pla e in the battery
ompartment, repla e the lid and repla e the s rews.
The battery compartment cover should be removed using the supplied screwdriver. The instrument uses 4 x AA batteries.
Having installed the batteries press the entre button to power up the instrument.
The Novo-Gloss IQ has an automati power down fun tion that will swit h off the
after approximately two minutes.
The bar underneath the menu indi ates the time remaining until power off.
On the top right of the information s reen there is a remaining battery power i on.

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Control Panel
The Novo-Gloss IQ is ontrolled using a menu navigation swit h, with four way
dire tion buttons and a entral READ button.
The four directional buttons are used to navigate the menus; the center button takes a measurement.
Press the enter button to power up the instrument.
To enter the main menu, PRESS and HOLD the enter button for two se onds.
To short ut to the four most important menus, PRESS and HOLD ea h of the four
dire tion buttons for two se onds.

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Navigating the Menus
Accessing the Main Menu
To a ess the main menu simply PRESS and HOLD the enter button
The main menu screen, the right window contains navigation information, press the corresponding button to access the
indicated function.
As indi ated on the Navigation S reen the following buttons a ess the following
fun tions
• LEFT BUTTON- Calibration Menu
• UP BUTTON- Change between 20⁰ and 60⁰ angles
• RIGHT BUTTON- Enter the Data Menu
• DOWN BUTTON- Enter Set up menu 1
The left hand information s reen indi ates the urrent menu and a summary of
any relevant data.

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sing Short Cuts
The four most important menus an be entered at any time during the operation
of the instrument without the need to enter the main menu.
For qui k a ess to these fun tions simply press and hold the orresponding
button.
For example; to qui kly hange angles, simply PRESS AND HOLD the UP BUTTON
from any menu s reen.
• PRESS AND HOLD LEFT BUTTON- Calibration Menu
• PRESS AND HOLD UP BUTTON- Change between 20⁰ and 60⁰ angles.
• PRESS AND HOLD RIGHT BUTTON- Enter the Data Menu
• PRESS AND HOLD DOWN BUTTON- Enter Set up menu 1.

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Measurement Screen
The read s reen is the default position for the instrument. To return to this s reen
from any of the MENU s reens simply WAIT for 3 se onds.
The left s reen details the spe ular appearan e indi es for the last reading,
on the right the goniophotometri profile is displayed.
Statistics and Memory
The instrument stores up to 50 readings with omplete goniophotometri data.
Statisti s an be displayed for Gloss, RSpe , Haze, and DOI values.
To display the first page of the statisti s menu, press the DOWN BUTTON on the
keypad.
To display the se ond page of statisti s menu press the DOWN BUTTON on e
more.
Statistics pages 1 & 2 for saved readings.