
2000. Bet ween t hem , t he st udies investigat ed any possible associat ion
bet ween t he use of wireless phones and prim ary brain cancer, gliom a,
m eningiom a, or acoust ic neurom a, tum ors of the brain or salivary gland,
leukem ia, or ot her cancers. None of t he st udies dem onst rat ed t he
existence of any harm ful healt h effects from wireless phones RF
exposures. However, none of t he st udies can answer questions about
long- t erm ex posur es, since t he average period of phone use in these
studies was around t hree years.
W hat r e se arch is n eede d t o de cide w hether RF ex posure from
w ireless phones poses a healt h risk ?
A com binat ion of laborat ory studies and epidem iological st udies of people
act ually using wireless phones would provide som e of the dat a t hat are
needed. Lifet im e anim al exposure st udies could be com pleted in a few
years. However, very large num bers of anim als would be needed to
provide reliable proof of a cancer prom ot ing effect if one exist s.
Epidem iological st udies can prov ide dat a that is direct ly applicable t o
hum an populat ions, but t en or m ore years' follow - up m ay be needed t o
provide answers about som e healt h effects, such as cancer. This is
because t he int erval bet ween t he t im e of exposure to a cancer-causing
agent and the t im e t um ors develop - if they do - m ay be m any, m any
years. The interpret at ion of epidem iological st udies is ham pered by
difficult ies in m easuring act ual RF exposur e during day - to- day use of
wireless phones. Many fact ors affect this m easurem ent , such as the angle
at which the phone is held, or which m odel of phone is used.
W hat is FDA doing t o find out m or e a bou t t h e possible h e alt h
effect s of w irele ss phone RF?
FDA is working wit h the U.S. Nat ional Toxicology Program and wit h
groups of invest igators around t he world to ensure t hat high priorit y
anim al st udies are conduct ed to address im portant quest ions about t he
effects of exposure t o radio fr equency ener gy ( RF) .
FDA has been a leading participant in t he World Healt h Organizat ion
int ernat ional Elect r om agnet ic Fields ( EMF) Proj ect since it s incept ion in
1996. An influential result of t his work has been t he developm ent of a
det ailed agenda of research needs t hat has driven the est ablishm ent of
new research program s around the world. The Proj ect has also helped
develop a series of public inform at ion docum ent s on EMF issues.
FDA and Cellular Telecom m unications & I nt ernet Associat ion ( CTI A) have
a form al Cooperat ive Research and Dev elopm ent Agr eem ent ( CRADA) t o
do research on wireless phone safet y. FDA provides the scient ific
oversight, obt aining input from experts in governm ent , indust ry, and
academ ic organizations. CTI A- funded research is conduct ed t hrough
cont racts t o independent invest igators. The init ial research will include
both laborat ory st udies and st udies of wireless phone users. The CRADA
will also include a broad assessm ent of addit ional research needs in the
cont ext of t he lat est research developm ents around the world.