Sharp El-w516t User manual

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INTRODUCTION

About the calculation examples (including some formulas and

tables), refer to the second half of this manual.

After reading this manual, store it in a convenient location for future

reference.

Note: Some of the models described in this manual may not be

available in some countries.

Operational Notes

• Donotcarrythecalculatoraroundinyourbackpocket,asitmay

breakwhenyousitdown.Thedisplayismadeofglassandis

particularlyfragile.

• Keepthecalculatorawayfromextremeheatsuchasonacar

dashboardornearaheater,andavoidexposingittoexcessively

humid or dusty environments.

• Sincethisproductisnotwaterproof,donotuseitorstoreitwhere

uids,forexamplewater,cansplashontoit.Raindrops,waterspray,

juice,coffee,steam,perspiration,etc.willalsocausemalfunction.

• Cleanwithasoft,drycloth.Donotusesolventsorawetcloth.Avoid

using a rough cloth or anything else that may cause scratches.

• Donotdropitorapplyexcessiveforce.

• Neverdisposeofbatteriesinare.

• Keepbatteriesoutofthereachofchildren.

• Forthesakeofyourhealth,trynottousethisproductforlong

periodsoftime.Ifyouneedtousetheproductforanextended

period,besuretoallowyoureyes,hands,arms,andbodyadequate

restperiods(about10–15minuteseveryhour).

Ifyouexperienceanypainorfatiguewhileusingthisproduct,

discontinueuseimmediately.Ifthediscomfortcontinues,please

consult a doctor.

• Thisproduct,includingaccessories,maychangeduetoupgrading

withoutpriornotice.

NOTICE

• SHARPstronglyrecommendsthatseparatepermanentwritten

recordsbekeptofallimportantdata.Datamaybelostor

alteredinvirtuallyanyelectronicmemoryproductundercertain

circumstances.Therefore,SHARPassumesnoresponsibilityfor

datalostorotherwiserenderedunusablewhetherasaresultof

improperuse,repairs,defects,batteryreplacement,useafterthe

speciedbatterylifehasexpired,oranyothercause.

• SHARPwillnotbeliablenorresponsibleforanyincidentalor

consequentialeconomicorpropertydamagecausedbymisuse

and/ormalfunctionsofthisproductanditsperipherals,unless

suchliabilityisacknowledgedbylaw.

♦PresstheRESETswitch(ontheback),withthetipofaball-point

penorsimilarobject,onlyinthefollowingcases.Donotusean

objectwithabreakableorsharptip.NotethatpressingtheRESET

switcherasesalldatastoredinmemory.

• Whenusingforthersttime

• Afterreplacingthebattery

• Toclearallmemorycontents

• Whenanabnormalconditionoccursandallkeysareinoperative

♦

Ifserviceshouldberequiredonthiscalculator,havethecalculator

servicedintheregion(country)whereyoupurchasedit.

Hard Case

DISPLAY

Dot

matrix

display

Mantissa Exponent

• Duringactualuse,notallsymbolsaredisplayedatthesametime.

• Onlythesymbolsrequiredfortheusagecurrentlybeingexplained

areshowninthedisplayandcalculationexamples.

: Indicatesthatsomecontentsarehiddeninthedirections

shown.

2ndF: Appearswhen@ispressed,indicatingthatthefunctions

showninthesamecoloras@are enabled.

HYP: IndicatesthatHhasbeenpressedandthehyperbolic

functionsareenabled.If@>ispressed,thesymbols

2ndF HYPappear,indicatingthatinversehyperbolic

functions are enabled.

ALPHA: Appearswhen;ispressed,indicatingthatthefunctions

showninthesamecoloras;are enabled.

Appearswhenxor tispressed,andentry(recall)

ofmemorycontentscanbeperformed.

FIX/SCI/ENG/N1/N2:Indicatesthenotationusedtodisplayavalue

andchangesbySETUPmenu.N1isdisplayedon-screen

as“NORM1”,andN2as“NORM2”.

DEG/RAD/GRAD:Indicatesangularunits.

BUSY: Appearsduringtheexecutionofacalculation.

W-VIEW:IndicatesthattheWriteVieweditorisselected.

M: Indicatesthatanumericalvalueisstoredintheindependent

memory(M).

/: IndicatesthemodeofexpressionforresultsinCOMPLEX

mode.

BEFORE USING THE CALCULATOR

Pressjtoturnthecalculatoron.Thedatathatwason-screenwhen

thepowerwasturnedoffwillappearonthedisplay.

Press@oto turn the calculator off.

Key Notations Used in this Manual

Tospecifyex: @"

Tospecifyln: i

TospecifyE: ;E

• Functionsthatareprintedingrayadjacenttothekeysareeffectivein

specicmodes.

• Themultiplicationoperator“ ”isdifferentiatedfromtheletter“X”inthis

manualasfollows:

Tospecifythemultiplicationoperator:k

Tospecifytheletter“X”:;X

• Incertaincalculationexamples,whereyouseetheosymbol, the

keyoperationsandcalculationresultsareshownastheywouldappear

intheLineeditor.

• Ineachexample,pressjtoclearthedisplayrst.Unlessotherwise

specied,calculationexamplesareperformedintheWriteVieweditor

(@J200)withthedefaultdisplaysettings(@

P0).

Clearing the Entry and Memories

Operation Entry

(Display)

A–F,

M,X,Y D1–D3 ANS

STAT*

matA–D

vectA–D

ОХ Х Х Х Х

ОХ Х О О О

Modeselection(b)

ОХ Х Х

@P0

ОХ Х Х Х Х

@P10

О О О О О О

@P20

О О О О О О

RESETswitch

О О О О О О

:Clear

:Retain

*1 Statisticaldata(entereddata)

*2 Clearedwhenchangingbetweensub-modesinSTATmode.

*3 TheRESEToperationwillerasealldatastoredinmemoryandrestore

thecalculator’sdefaultsettings.Theusernameyoustoredusingthe

namedisplayfunctionwillbeclearedaswell.

Memory clear key

Press@Ptodisplaythemenu.

• Toinitializethedisplaysettings,press0.Theparametersaresetas

follows:

• Angularunit:DEG

• Displaynotation:NORM1

• N-base:DEC

• Recurringdecimal:OFF

Mode Selection

NORMALmode:b0

Usedtoperformarithmeticoperationsandfunctioncalculations.

STATmode:b1

Usedtoperformstatisticaloperations.

TABLEmode:b2

Usedtoillustratethechangesinvaluesofoneortwofunctionsintableformat.

COMPLEXmode:b3

Usedtoperformcomplexnumbercalculations.

EQUATIONmode:b4

Usedtosolveequations.

MATRIXmode:b5

Usedtoperformmatrixcalculations.

VECTORmode:b6

Usedtoperformvectorcalculations.

DISTRIBUTIONmode:b7

Usedtoperformdistributioncalculations.

DRILLmode:b8

Usedtopracticemathandmultiplicationtabledrills.

HOME Key

Press7toreturntoNORMALmodefromothermodes.

Note: Equationsandvaluescurrentlybeingenteredwilldisappear,inthe

samewayaswhenthemodeischanged.

SET UP Menu

Press@JtodisplaytheSETUPmenu.

PressjtoexittheSETUPmenu.

Note: YoucanpressNtoreturntothepreviouslydisplayedparent

menu.

Determination of the angular unit (degrees, radians, and grades)

DEG(°): @J00(default)

RAD(rad):@J01

GRAD(g): @J02

Selecting the display notation and decimal places 1

TwosettingsofFloatingpoint(NORM1andNORM2),Fixeddecimalpoint

(FIX),Scienticnotation(SCI),andEngineeringnotation(ENG).

• When@J10(FIX)or@J12(ENG)is

pressed,thenumberofdecimalplaces(TAB)canbesettoanyvalue

between0and9.

• When@J11(SCI)ispressed,thenumberof

signicantdigitscanbesettoanyvaluebetween0and9.Entering0

willseta10-digitdisplay.

Setting the ﬂoating point number system in scientiﬁc notation

NORM1(thedefault)andNORM2.Anumberisautomaticallydisplayedin

scienticnotationoutsideapresetrange:

 NORM1(@J13):0.000000001≤|x|≤9,999,999,999

 NORM2(@J14):0.01≤|x|≤9,999,999,999

Selecting the editor and setting the answer display 2

ThiscalculatorhasthefollowingtwoeditorsinNORMALmode:

WriteViewandLine.

SetthedisplayformatfornumericalcalculationresultsinWriteVieweditor.

The WriteView editor

 EXACT(a/b,r,

)@

J200(default)

 APPROX. @

J201

The Line editor @

J21

Notes:

• When“EXACT(a/b,r,

)”isset,resultswillappearinfractionformator

irrationalnumberformat(including

and r)whendisplayispossible.

• When“APPROX.”isset,resultswillbedecimaldisplayorfraction

display,andwillbenotshowninirrationalnumberformat(includingp

and r).

• PressUto change the calculation results to another format that can

bedisplayed.

Adjusting the display contrast

Press@J3, then +or &toadjustthecontrast.Press

jtoexit.

Insert and overwrite entry methods

WhenusingtheLineeditor,youcanchangetheentrymethodfrom

“INSERT”(thedefault)to“OVERWRITE”.

Afteryouswitchtotheoverwritemethod(bypressing@

41),

thetriangularcursorwillchangetoarectangularone,andthenumberor

functionunderneathitwillbeoverwrittenasyoumakeentries.

Setting the recurring decimal 3

InNORMALmode,calculationresultscanbeshowninarecurring

decimal format.

RecurringdecimalisOFF:@J50(default)

RecurringdecimalisON: @J51

• IntheWriteVieweditor,therecurringpartisindicatedby“−”.Inthe

Lineeditor,therecurringpartisindicatedinparentheses.

• Ifover10digits,includingtherecurringpart,theresultcannotbe

displayedinrecurringdecimalformat.

Setting of the decimal point

Yo u canshowthedecimalpointinthecalculationresultaseitheradot

or a comma.

DOT: J60(default)

COMMA:J61

• Duringentry,thedecimalpointisonlyshownasadot.

Name display function

Yo u cansaveausernameinthiscalculator.Whenyouturnthepoweroff,

thesavedusernameisdisplayedmomentarily.

Upto32charactersmaybesaved,splitovertwolines.

Enteringandeditingtheusername:

1. Press@J7.Theeditingscreenappearswithaashing

cursor.

2. Useuand dto scroll through the available characters.

3. Pressinglor rmoves the cursor to the left or right.

Tomodifyacharacter,uselor rto move the cursor to the

character, then select another character using uor d.

4. Repeatsteps2and3abovetocontinueenteringcharacters.

5. Press=tosaveandquit.

Note: Press@Zin the editing screen to clear all the

characters.

ENTERING, DISPLAYING, AND EDITING THE EQUATION

The WriteView Editor

Entry and display

IntheWriteVieweditor,youcanenteranddisplayfractionsorcertain

functionsasyouwouldwritethem.

• TheWriteVieweditorcanbeusedinNORMALmode.

Displaying calculation results (when EXACT is selected)

Whenpossible,calculationresultswillbedisplayedusingfractions,r,

and p.WhenyoupressU,thedisplaywillcyclethroughthefollowing

displaystyles:

• Mixedfractions(withorwithoutp) improperfractions(withor

withoutp) decimal numbers

• Properfractions(withorwithoutp) decimal numbers

• Irrationalnumbers(squareroots,fractionsmadeusingsquareroots)

decimal numbers

Notes:

•

Inthefollowingcases,calculationresultsmaybedisplayedusingr:

• Arithmeticoperationsandmemorycalculations

• Trigonometriccalculations

• Intrigonometriccalculations,when

entering values such as those in the

tabletotheright,resultsmaybeshown

using r.

• Improper/properfractionswillbe

convertedtoanddisplayedasdecimal

numbers if the number of digits used in

theirexpressionisgreaterthannine.Inthecaseofmixedfractions,the

maximumnumberofdisplayabledigits(includingintegers)iseight.

• Ifthenumberofdigitsinthedenominatorofafractionalresultthatuses

pisgreaterthanthree,theresultisconvertedtoanddisplayedasa

decimal number.

Performing integral calculations

1. Press;F.

2.

Specifythefollowingparameters:rangeofintegral(initialvalue(a), end

value(b)),functionwithvariablex,andnumberofsubintervals(n).

Yo u donotneedtospecifythenumberofsubintervals.Ifthe

numberofsubintervalsisnotspecied,thedefaultvalueof

n=100willbeused.

3. Press=.

Notes:

• Parametersareenteredinthefollowingway:

WriteVieweditor: Lineeditor:

bfunction[, subintervals]dx (function, a, b[, subintervals])

• Integralcalculations,

dependingonthe

integrands and

subintervals included,

requirelonger

calculation time.

Duringcalculation,

the BUSY symbol

willbedisplayed.To 

cancel calculation,

pressj.

Notethattherewill

begreaterintegralerrorswhentherearelargeuctuationsinthe

integral values during minute shifting of the integral range and for

periodicfunctions,etc.,wherepositiveandnegativeintegralvalues

existdependingontheinterval.

Fortheformercase,divideintegralintervalsassmallaspossible.

Forthelattercase,separatethepositiveandnegativevalues.

Followingthesetipswillallowyoutoobtainresultsfromcalculations

withgreateraccuracyandwillalsoshortenthecalculationtime.

Performing differential calculations

1. Press;G.

2. Specifythefollowingparameters:functionwithvariablex, value of

x,andminuteinterval(dx).

Yo u donotneedtospecifytheminuteinterval.Iftheminuteinterval

isnotspecied,itwillautomaticallybesetto10−5(whilex=0),or

x| × 10−5(whilex≠0).

3. Press=.

Note: Parametersareenteredinthefollowingway:

WriteVieweditor:

d(function)

–

x=value of x[, minute interval]

Lineeditor:

d/dx(function, value of x[, minute interval])

∑Function 11

The∑functionreturnsthecumulativesumofagivenexpressionfrom

aninitialvaluetoanendvalueinNORMALmode.

Performing ∑calculations

1. Press;I.

2. Specifythefollowingparameters:initialvalue,endvalue,function

withvariablex,andincrement(n).

Yo u donotneedtospecifytheincrement.Iftheincrementisnot

specied,thedefaultvalueofn=1willbeused.

3. Press=.

Note: Parametersareenteredinthefollowingway:

WriteVieweditor:

end value

Σ(function[, increment])

initial value

Lineeditor:

Σ(function, initial value, end value[, increment])

ΠFunction 12

TheΠfunctionreturnstheproductofagivenexpressionfroman

initialvaluetoanendvalueinNORMALmode.

Performing Πcalculations

1. Press;;.

2. Specifythefollowingparameters:initialvalue,endvalue,function

withvariablex,andincrement(n).

 Yo u donotneedtospecifytheincrement.Iftheincrementisnot

specied,thedefaultvalueofn=1willbeused.

3. Press=.

Note: Parametersareenteredinthefollowingway:

WriteVieweditor:

end value

Π(function[, increment])

initial value

Lineeditor:

Π(function, initial value, end value[, increment])

Random Function

Therandomfunctionhasfoursettings.(Thisfunctioncannotbe

selectedwhileusingtheN-basefunction.)To generatefurtherrandom

numbersinsuccession,presse.Pressjtoexit.

Random numbers

Apseudo-randomnumber,withthreesignicantdigitsfrom0upto

0.999,canbegeneratedbypressing@w0e.

Note: IntheWriteVieweditor,iftheresultisnot0itcanbeshownas

a fraction or decimal using U.

Random dice

Tosimulateadie-rolling,arandomintegerbetween1and6canbe

generatedbypressing@w1e.

Random coin

Tosimulateacoinip,0(heads)or1(tails)canberandomly

generatedbypressing@w2e.

Random integer

Yo u canspecifyarangefortherandomintegerwith“R.Int(”only.

R.Int(minimum value, maximum value)

Forexample,ifyouenter@w31

99)e, a

randomintegerfrom1to99willbegenerated.

Angular Unit Conversions 13

Eachtime@]ispressed,theangularunitchangesinsequence.

Memory Calculations 14

Temporary memories (A–F, X and Y)

Pressxandavariablekeytostoreavalueinmemory.

Presstandavariablekeytorecallthevaluefromthatmemory.To 

placeavariableinanequation,press;andavariablekey.

Independent memory (M)

Inadditiontoallthefeaturesoftemporarymemories,avaluecanbe

addedtoorsubtractedfromanexistingmemoryvalue.

PressjxMtocleartheindependentmemory(M).

Last answer memory (ANS)

Thecalculationresultobtainedbypressing=or any other calculation

endinginstructionisautomaticallystoredinthelastanswermemory.

Whenthecalculationresultisinmatrixorvectorform,thefullmatrix

orvectorisnotstoredintoANSmemory.Onlythevalueoftheelement

covered by the cursor is stored.

Notes:

• Calculationresultsfromthefunctionsindicatedbelowareautomatically

storedintheXorYmemoriesreplacinganyexistingvalues.

•  rq, xy:Xmemory(ror x),Ymemory(qor y)

• Twox´valuesfromaquadraticregressioncalculationinSTAT mode:

Xmemory(1:),Ymemory(2:)

• Useoftor ;willrecallthevaluestoredinmemoryusingupto

14digits.

• A-F, X,YmemorycannotbeusedinCOMPLEXmode.

Deﬁnable memories (D1–D3)

Yo u canstorefunctionsoroperationsindenablememories(D1–D3).

• Tostoreafunctionoroperation,pressx,followedbyadenable

memorykey(I, J, or K),followedbytheoperationyou

wanttostore.Menu-relatedoperations,suchas@J, cannot be

stored.Pressjtoreturntothepreviousdisplay.

• Tocallastoredfunctionoroperation,pressthecorrespondingmemory

key.Callingastoredfunctionwillnotworkifthefunctionthatiscalled

wouldbeunusableinthecurrentcontext.

• Anyfunctionsoroperationsthatarestoredinadenablememorywill

bereplacedwhenyousaveanewoneintothatmemory.

• Functionscannotbesavedinadenablememoryfromthesimulation

calculationsandsolverfunctionsofNORMALmode,orfromtheitem

andvalueinputscreensofothermodes.

Memory List

Press

;

9todisplayalistofthevaluessavedinmemory.

Thevaluesareshownina9-characterrange.

Applicablememories:A,B,C,D,E,F, X,Y, M

• InCOMPLEXmode,onlyMmemoryisdisplayed.

Chain Calculations 15

Thepreviouscalculationresultcanbeusedinthesubsequent

calculation.However,itcannotberecalledafterenteringmultiple

instructionsorwhenthecalculationresultisinmatrix/vectorformat.

Fraction Calculations 16

Arithmeticoperationsandmemorycalculationscanbeperformedusing

fractions.InNORMALmode,conversionbetweenadecimalnumberand

afractioncanbeperformedbypressingU.

Notes:

• Improper/properfractionswillbeconvertedtoanddisplayedasdecimal

numbersifthenumberofdigitsusedintheirexpressionisgreater

thannine.Inthecaseofmixedfractions,themaximumnumberof

displayabledigits(includingintegers)iseight.

• Toconvertasexagesimalvaluetoafraction,rstconvertitbypressing

@:.

Binary, Pental, Octal, Decimal, and Hexadecimal

Operations (N-base) 17

ConversionscanbeperformedbetweenN-basenumbersinNORMAL

mode.Thefourbasicarithmeticoperations,calculationswith

parentheses,andmemorycalculationscanalsobeperformed,alongwith

thelogicaloperationsAND,OR,N OT,NEG,XOR,andXNORonbinary,

pental,octal,andhexadecimalnumbers.

Note: ThehexadecimalnumbersA–Fareenteredbypressingm

, A

, l

, i

, and H

Inthebinary,pental,octal,andhexadecimalsystems,fractionalparts

cannotbeentered.Whenadecimalnumberhavingafractionalpart

isconvertedintoabinary,pental,octal,orhexadecimalnumber,the

fractionalpartwillbetruncated.Likewise,whentheresultofabinary,

pental,octal,orhexadecimalcalculationincludesafractionalpart,

thefractionalpartwillbetruncated.Inthebinary,pental,octal,and

hexadecimalsystems,negativenumbersaredisplayedasacomplement.

Time, Decimal, and Sexagesimal Calculations 18

Yo u canconvertbetweendecimalandsexagesimalnumbers,andfrom

sexagesimalnumberstosecondsorminutes.Inaddition,thefourbasic

arithmeticoperationsandmemorycalculationscanbeperformedusing

thesexagesimalsystem.Notationforsexagesimalisasfollows:

Degree Minute Second

Coordinate Conversions 19

• Beforeperformingacalculation,selecttheangularunit.

• Theresultsofcoordinateconversionswillbedisplayedasdecimal

numbersevenintheWriteVieweditor.

Rectangularcoord. Polarcoord.

Physical Constants and Metric Conversions 20

Calculations using physical constants

Torecallaconstant,press;:,thenselectaphysicalconstant

fromthelist.(Eachitemislabeledwitha2-digitnumber.)

• Toscrollupordownthelistofconstants,pressu(l)ord(r).

Use@u(l)or@d(r)tojumptotherstor

lastpage.

• Entertherstdigitofthe2-digititemnumbertojumptothepage

containingthenumberthatbeginswiththatdigit.

• Whenyouentertheseconddigit,theconstantisdisplayed

automaticallyaccordingtothedisplayanddecimalplacementsettings.

• PhysicalconstantscanberecalledinNORMAL(excludingN-base),

STAT,COMPLEX,MATRIX,VECTORandEQUATIONmodes.

Note: Physicalconstantsandmetricconversionsarebasedonthe

2014CODATA recommendedvalues,oronthe2008Edition

ofthe“GuidefortheUseoftheInternationalSystemofUnits

(SI)”releasedbyNIST(NationalInstituteofStandardsand

Technology).

No. Constant No. Constant

Speedoflightinvacuum

Newtonianconstantofgravitation

Standard acceleration of gravity

Electronmass

Protonmass

Neutron mass

Muon mass

Atomicmassunit-kilogram

relationship

Elementarycharge

Planckconstant

Boltzmannconstant

Magnetic constant

Electricconstant

Classicalelectronradius

Fine-structureconstant

Bohrradius

Rydbergconstant

Magneticuxquantum

Bohrmagneton

Electronmagneticmoment

Nuclear magneton

Protonmagneticmoment

Neutron magnetic moment

Muon magnetic moment

Comptonwavelength

ProtonComptonwavelength

Stefan-Boltzmannconstant

Avogadro constant

Molar volume of ideal gas

(273.15K,101.325kPa)

Molar gas constant

Faradayconstant

VonKlitzingconstant

Electronchargetomassquotient

Quantumofcirculation

Protongyromagneticratio

Josephsonconstant

Electronvolt

CelsiusTemperature

Astronomical unit

Parsec

Molarmassofcarbon-12

Planckconstantover2pi

Hartreeenergy

Conductancequantum

Inversene-structureconstant

Proton-electronmassratio

Molar mass constant

NeutronComptonwavelength

Firstradiationconstant

Second radiation constant

Characteristicimpedanceofvacuum

Standardatmosphere

Metric conversions

Enteravaluetobeconverted,thenpress;L, and select a metric

conversionbyenteringits2-digitnumber.

• Themetricconversionlistisusedinthesamemannerasthelistof

physicalconstants.

• UnitconversionscanbeperformedinNORMAL(excludingN-base),

STAT,MATRIX,VECTOR,andEQUATIONmodes.

No. Remarks No. Remarks

01 in : inch 23

oz(US) :uidounce

(US)

02 cm : centimeter 24 mL :milliliter

03 ft : foot 25 oz(UK) :uidounce(UK)

04 m : meter 26 mL :milliliter

05 yd : yard 27 calth : calorieth

06 m : meter 28 J : joule

07 mi : mile 29 cal15:calorie(15°C)

08 km :kilometer 30 J : joule

09 n mi : nautical mile 31 calIT : calorieIT

10 m : meter 32 J : joule

11 acre:acre*133 hp

:horsepower(UK)

12 m2:squaremeter 34 W :watt

13 oz

ounce(avoirdupois)

35 ps

:horsepower(metric)

14 g : gram 36 W :watt

15 lb

:pound(avoirdupois)

37 (kgf/cm2)

16 kg :kilogram 38 Pa :pascal

17 °F

:degreeFahrenheit

39 atm :atmosphere

18 °C :degreeCelsius 40 Pa :pascal

19 gal(US) :gallon(US) 41 (1mmHg=1Torr)

20 L :liter 42 Pa :pascal

21 gal(UK) :gallon(UK) 43 (kgf·m)

22 L :liter 44 N·m :newtonmeter

*1 basedonUSsurveyfoot

Calculations Using Engineering Preﬁxes 21

CalculationcanbeexecutedinNORMALmode(excludingN-base)using

thefollowing9typesofprexes.

Prex Unit Prex Unit

(kilo)

(Mega)

(Giga)

(Tera)

103

106

109

1012

(milli)

(micro)

(nano)

(pico)

(femto)

10–3

10–6

10–9

10–12

10–15

Modify Function 22

Decimalcalculationresultsareinternallyobtainedinscienticnotation,

withupto14digitsinthemantissa.However,sincecalculationresultsare

displayedintheformdesignatedbythedisplaynotationandthenumber

ofdecimalplacesindicated,theinternalcalculationresultmaydifferfrom

thatshowninthedisplay.Byusingthemodifyfunction(@n),

theinternalvalueisconvertedtomatchthatofthedisplay,sothatthe

displayedvaluecanbeusedwithoutchangeinsubsequentoperations.

• WhenusingtheWriteVieweditor,ifthecalculationresultisdisplayed

usingfractionsorirrationalnumbers,pressUto convert it to

decimalformrst.

• ThemodifyfunctioncanbeusedinNORMAL,STAT,MATRIX,or

VECTORmodes.

The Line Editor

Entry and display

IntheLineeditor,youcanenteranddisplayequationslinebyline.

Notes:

• Uptothreelinesoftextmaybeviewedonthescreenatonetime.

• IntheLineeditor,calculationresultsaredisplayedindecimalform

orlinefractionnotationifpossible.

• UseUtoswitchthedisplayformattofractionalformordecimal

form(ifpossible).

Editing the Equation

Justafterobtainingananswer,pressinglbrings you to the end

oftheequationandpressingrbringsyoutothebeginning.Press

l, r, u, or dtomovethecursor.Press@l

or @rtojumpthecursortothebeginningortheendofthe

equation.

Back space and delete key

Todeleteanumberorfunction,movethecursortotherightofit,then

pressN.Yo u canalsodeleteanumberorfunctionthatthecursoris

directlyoverbypressing@y.

Note: Inamulti-levelmenu,youcanpressNtobacktothe

previousmenulevel.

MATH Menu

Otherfunctionsmaybeavailableonthiscalculatorbesidesthose

printedonthekeypad.ThesefunctionsareaccessedusingtheMATH

menu.TheMATHmenuhasdifferentcontentsforeachmode.

PressNtodisplaytheMATHmenu.

Note:TheNkeycannotbeusedinthesimulationcalculationsand

solverfunctionsofNORMALmode,orintheitemandvalue

inputscreensofothermodes.

Multi-line Playback Function 5

Thiscalculatorisequippedwithafunctiontorecallpreviousequations

andanswersinNORMALorCOMPLEXmodes.Pressinguwill

displaythepreviousequation.Thenumberofcharactersthatcanbe

savedislimited.Whenthememoryisfull,storedequationswillbe

deletedtomakeroom,startingwiththeoldest.

• Toeditanequationafterrecallingit,presslor r.

• Themulti-linememorywillbeclearedbythefollowingoperations:

@Z,modechange,RESET,N-baseconversion,angularunit

conversion,editorchange(@J200, @J

201or @J21),andmemoryclear

(@P10).

Priority Levels in Calculation

Thiscalculatorperformsoperationsaccordingtothefollowingpriority:

1Fractions(1m4,etc.) 2∠,Engineeringprexes 3Functions

precededbytheirargument(x−1, x2,n!,(%),etc.) 4yx, xr5Implied

multiplicationofamemoryvalue(2Y,etc.)

6Functionsfollowedbytheirargument(sin,cos,(−),etc.)7Implied

multiplicationofafunction(2sin30,A 1



4,etc.) 8nCr,nPr,GCD,LCM,

cv 9×, ÷, int÷

+, −

AND

OR,XOR,XNOR

=, M+, M−,

M, ►DEG,►RAD,►GRAD, rq, xy, and other calculation

ending instructions

• Ifparenthesesareused,parenthesizedcalculationshave

precedenceoveranyothercalculations.

SCIENTIFIC CALCULATIONS

Arithmetic Operations 6

• Theclosingparenthesis)just before =or mmay be

omitted.

Constant Calculations 7

• Inconstantcalculations,theaddendbecomesaconstant.

Subtractionanddivisionareperformedinthesamemanner.For

multiplication,themultiplicandbecomesaconstant.

• Inconstantcalculations,constantswillbedisplayedasK.

•

ConstantcalculationscanbeperformedinNORMALorSTATmodes.

Conversion to Engineering notation 8

Yo u canuse;<or ;>to convert the calculation result

to engineering notation.

• Press;<todecreasetheexponent.Press;>to

increasetheexponent.

• Thesettings(FSE)intheSETUPmenudonotchange.

Functions 9

• Refertothecalculationexamplesforeachfunction.

• IntheLineeditor,thefollowingsymbolsareused:

• :toindicateanexpression’spower.(m, @", @

• :toseparateintegers,numerators,anddenominators.(W,

@k)

• Whenusing@Oor @WintheLineeditor,valuesare

enteredinthefollowingway:

• logn(base, value)

• absvalue

Integral/Differential Functions 10

IntegralanddifferentialcalculationscanbeperformedinNORMAL

mode.

Note: Sinceintegralanddifferentialcalculationsareperformed

basedonthefollowingequations,correctresultsmaynot

beobtained,incertainrarecases,whenperformingspecial

calculationsthatcontaindiscontinuouspoints.

Integralcalculation(Simpson’srule):

( )

b−a



≤



3h{f(a)

4{f(a

f(a

3h)

...

f(a

−

1)h)}

2{f(a

2h)

f(a

4h)

...

f(a

−

2)h)}

f(b)}

Differentialcalculation:

f´(x)

f(x



−

f(x

−



—

Various functions 23

• Refertothecalculationexamplesforeachfunction

GCD (the Greatest Common Divisor)

WhatistheGCDof

24and36? j24

@=36

=12.

LCM (the Least Common Multiple)

WhatistheLCMof

15and9? j15

@?9

=45.

int÷

• ”Q”indicates“Quotient”,and“R”indicates“Remainder”.

• Pressing@6cannotbefollowedbypressingakeyfor

anotheroperationsuchas(+,–,×,÷),otherwiseanerrorwillresult.

• Thequotientandremainderareshownin“NORM1”format.Ifnot

alldigitscanbedisplayedin“NORM1”format,normaldivisionis

performed.

ipart

Returnsonlytheintegerpartofadecimalnumber.

fpart

Returnsonlythefractionpartofadecimalnumber.

int

Returnsthehighestintegervaluethatdoesnotexceedthevalue

specied.

(%)

Whenspeciedimmediatelyafteravalue,thevalueistreatedasa

percentage.

Note: Forcalculationusing@

, refer to the calculation

examples(No.9).Yo u canuse@

toperformpremium,

discount, and other calculations.

Prime Factorization 24

InNORMALmode,thecalculationresultcanbeshownasaproduct

ofprimenumbers.

•Apositiveintegergreaterthan2andnomorethan10digitscanbe

factoredintoprimes.

•Anumberthatcannotbefactoredintoaprimenumberwith3digits

orshorterisshowninparentheses.

•Thecalculationresultofprimefactorizationisdisplayedaccordingto

theeditorsetting(W-VIEWorLINE).

• Thecalculationresultofprimefactorizationmayextendoffthe

edgesofthescreen.Yo u canseethosepartsbypressinglor

r.Tojumptotheleftendorrightend,press@lor @

Simulation Calculation (ALGB) 25

Ifyouhavetondvaluesconsecutivelyusingthesameexpression,

suchasplottingacurvelinefor2x2+1,orndingthevariablevalues

for2x+2y=14,onceyouentertheexpression,allyouhavetodoisto

specifythevalueforthevariableintheequation.

Usablevariables:A–F,M,XandY

• SimulationcalculationscanonlybeexecutedinNORMALmode.

• Calculationendinginstructionsotherthan=cannot be used.

Performing calculations

1. Pressb0.

2. Inputanexpressionwithatleastonevariable.

3. Press@2.

4. Thevariableentryscreenwillappear.Enteravalue,thenpress

etoconrm.

• Aftercompletingthecalculation,press@2toperform

calculationsusingthesameequation.

Solver Function 26

Thesolverfunctionndsthevalueforxthat reduces the entered

expressiontozero.

• ThisfunctionusesNewton’smethodtoobtainanapproximation.

Dependingonthefunction(e.g.periodic)orstartvalue,anerror

mayoccur(ERROR02)duetotherebeingnoconvergencetothe

solutionfortheequation.

• Thevalueobtainedbythisfunctionmayincludeamarginoferror.

• Changethe“Start”value(e.g.toanegativevalue)ordxvalue(e.g.

toasmallervalue)if:

• nosolutioncanbefound(ERROR02).

•

morethantwosolutionsappeartobepossible(e.g.acubicequation)

• toimprovearithmeticprecision.

• ThecalculationresultisautomaticallystoredintheXmemory.

• Pressjtoexitthesolverfunction.

Performing solver function

1. Pressb0.

2. Inputanexpressionwithanxvariable.

3. Press@3.

4. Entera“Start”valueandpresse.Thedefaultvalueis“0”.

5. Enteradxvalue(minuteinterval).

6. Presse.

Entryvalue

DEG multiplesof15

RAD multiplesof 1



12 p

GRAD multiplesof50



SCIENTIFICCALCULATOR

OPERATION MANUAL

EL-W516T

MODEL

ENGLISH

17ASC75E1

2/9