Siemens Simatic s7 400 User guide

Application for Control Technology

SIMATIC S7 CPU 300/400

Application Description

Time switch based on the S7-300/400 CPUs with simple HMI

system including radio-controlled clock connection

Time switch based on the S7-300/400 CPUs with simple HMI system

including radio-controlled clock connection

Rev. B - final 19.07.2002 2/84

BID21669756_Zeitschaltuhr_einfach_DOKU_v20_e.doc

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We do not accept liability, whatever the legal basis, for any damages

arising from the use of examples, notes, programs, configuration and

performance data etc. described in this document, except where we are

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of a defect or breach of a substantial contractual obligation. However,

claims arising from a breach of a condition which goes to the root of the

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contract, unless caused by intent or gross negligence or based on

mandatory liability for injury of life, body or health. The above conditions are

not meant to change the burden of proof to the detriment of the user.

The application examples do not purport to cover all details or variations in

equipment, nor do they provide for every possible contingency. They are

not customer-specific solutions. They are only intended to provide support

for typical tasks. You are responsible for ensuring that the described

products are used correctly. These application examples do not relieve you

of the responsibility to use sound practices in application, installation,

operation and maintenance. By using this application example you accept

that Siemens is not liable for any damages except for those specified in the

above liability clause. We reserve the right to make changes in these

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example and other Siemens publications – e.g. Catalogs – the contents of

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distribution of these application examples or excerpts hereof is

prohibited without the expressed consent of Siemens Energy &

Automation, Inc.

For questions about this document please use the following e-mail address:

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Foreword

Structure of the document

The documentation of this application is divided into the following main

parts.

Part Description Note

Part A1 gives you a general overview of the

contents. You will learn about the components

used (standard hardware and software and

newly developed software).

The basic function data illustrate the powerful

performance of this application.

Part A2 gives you a detailed description of the

function processes of the hardware and

software components. Read this part if you

want to know what the functions do and how

the solution components interact.

You can skip this part if

you only want to test the

application using step-by-

step instructions.

B Part B takes you step by step through

installation and start-up of the application.

C Part C is of interest if you want to take the

software and expand or adapt it to your set-up.

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Table of Contents

Part A1 : Application Description................................................................................ 7

1Illustrate the performance of the entire applicationThe Automation

Problem - An Overview.............................................................................. 8

2Automation Solution .................................................................................... 12

2.1 Functionality in the S7-CPU............................................................................15

2.1.1 Absolute time switching functions...................................................................15

2.1.2 Relative time function .....................................................................................16

2.1.3 Additional functions.........................................................................................16

2.2 Controlling and monitoring..............................................................................18

2.3 Standard components required ......................................................................21

2.3.1 Hardware components....................................................................................21

2.3.2 Software components.....................................................................................21

2.4 Application software components required and their "product features" ........ 23

2.5 Installation with simple setup..........................................................................25

3Basic performance data............................................................................... 26

Part A2 : Function Mechanisms................................................................................ 27

4Examples of Function Mechanisms............................................................ 28

4.1 Introduction..................................................................................................... 28

4.2 Overview of the Structure Elements ............................................................... 28

4.3 STEP7 application level..................................................................................29

1.1.1 Absolute time switching functions...................................................................30

4.3.1 One-day time switch.......................................................................................31

4.3.2 Seven-day time switch....................................................................................32

4.3.3 One-month time switch...................................................................................33

4.3.4 One-year time switch......................................................................................34

4.3.5 Relative time switch........................................................................................ 35

4.3.6 Additional functions.........................................................................................38

Summer/wintertime changeover ................................................................38

Holiday recognition..................................................................................... 40

4.4 HMI System....................................................................................................41

4.4.1 Operation at the OP3......................................................................................41

1.1.2 Operation at the TP170A................................................................................ 43

Part B: Installation of the Sample Application.........................................................46

5Installation of Hardware and Software ....................................................... 47

5.1 Hardware configuration...................................................................................47

5.2 Software installation........................................................................................49

5.2.1 Loading the application software into the S7-CPU......................................... 49

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5.2.2 Load the application software into the panel .................................................. 51

6Using the Application................................................................................... 54

6.1 Application case 1: Many time switches........................................................54

6.2 Application case 2: Pulse chain..................................................................... 63

Part C: Program Description ..................................................................................... 70

7STEP 7 Program............................................................................................ 71

7.1 Absolute time switches................................................................................... 71

7.1.1 Seven-day time switch....................................................................................71

7.1.2 One-month time switch...................................................................................71

7.2 Relative time switch........................................................................................ 73

1.2 Special functions.............................................................................................74

7.2.1 Summer/wintertime changeover.....................................................................74

7.2.2 Holidays/special days..................................................................................... 75

8HMI Interface ................................................................................................. 77

9Changes in the STEP 7 Programs............................................................... 77

9.1 What to do if a second time switch of the same type is needed?................... 77

9.2 How can I get several switch-on/off times into one time switch block?........... 78

9.3 What to do if more holidays or special days are needed?.............................. 79

9.4 How can I save on Instance DBs?..................................................................80

Appendix: Connection of the SICLOCK radio clock ...............................................81

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Preamble Many systems in automation technology (e.g. in the field of Heating,

Ventilation & Air Conditioning) require a control dependent on time of the

day and day of the week. Apart from the time dependent control of certain

processes, a monitoring and control function is also necessary for these

time switch functions.

We take an everyday automation problem (see chapter 1) and present all

required solution elements individually. The solution consists of standard

SIMATIC components plus the software blocks developed especially for

this application. The blocks are designed so that they can be used directly

for concrete problems or they can be adjusted to an individual task by

simple expansion/reduction.

pplikation

software

SIMATIC

Standard

components

... Provided by you ... Delivered with the application

This application offers a convenient and quick way to implement the "Time

switch" key function. A HMI interface is provided allowing the operator to

control the application.

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Part A1 : Application Description

Objectives of Part A1

Part A1 of this document provides the reader with information on the

following topics:

•Pinpoint the automation problem

•Design a possible solution

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1 Illustrate the performance of the entire applicationThe

Automation Problem - An Overview

Precise time tuning is necessary in many fields. Even in household

technology for example, systems must work dependent on time of the day

or day of the week. One possible solution for this problem are electrical and

mechanical time switches. The following figure shows examples for

electrical time switches:

Fig. 1-1 Examples of time switches

These are all hardware clocks which enable solving the time switching

problem for example in the field of household technology. These clocks are

readily available in many DIY superstores. Operating the devices is so

simple that a layperson can use this clock easily.

Apart from these “primitive applications”, time-dependent controls are also

required in large areas of automation technology. Some “professional

applications” are illustrated in the following table.

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Table 1-1 Application examples for professional time switches

Application Illustration

Greenhouse control:

Watering and lighting systems of a greenhouse must

be controlled.

Lighting control:

Lighting systems are automatically controlled in

residential homes or hotels.

Pump control:

Pumps for heating of service water are automatically

controlled in residential homes.

Automatic feeding machine:

Animals in a stable can be fed via automatic feeding

machines. Similar feeding machines are also available

for example for aquariums.

Many industrial applications in the field of automation technology also

require exact switching of processes. The problem is illustrated below:

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Protocol

services

S7-CPU

Monitoring and

Control unit

Process area

User program

Fig. 1-2 Problem layout for automation technology

A block in the S7-CPU, which sets an output dependent of absolute time or

which after a certain event lets a parameterized length of time pass, is

required for the temporal design of these or similar processes.

The absolute switch-on and switch-off times for these processes must be

configurable at a HMI system and subsequently be available in the S7-

CPU. Furthermore, it should be possible to parameterize a certain length of

time which will pass dependent on a start event (relative time).

The S7-CPU and the HMI system are connected via MPI.

In our example the absolute switch-on and switch-off times are entered at

the HMI system and subsequently compared with the absolute system time

of the S7-CPU.

Note

The block principally also functions without HMI interface. Parameterization can be

made directly at the input parameters.

Additionaly, the possibility of optionally connecting a radio-controlled clock

to the automation system should be offered. This clock is supposed to

synchronize the system time with the official time and to conduct the

changeover from summer time to winter time and the other way round.

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This application was realized with the SIPLUS radio clock. Alternatively the

SICLOCK radio clock can be used. This alternative is dealt with in detail in

the appendix.

In case you do not want to use a radio-controlled clock the summer/ winter

time changeover is automatically conducted at the officially fixed dates by a

special function block which is delivered with this application. In this case

the system time can certainly not be synchronized with the official time.

Basic data of the requirement

The requirements by the automation problem on the S7-CPU and the HMI

interface are listed below:

S7 CPU

•There are the following blocks:

- One-day, seven-day, one-month, one-year time switches

- Relative time switch

-Summer/wintertime changeover

-Holiday recognition

-Connection with radio-controlled clock

•Respectively one switch-on and one switch-off time can be

parameterized for the time switches (one-day, seven-day, one-month,

one-year and relative time switch).

•Resetting the time switches must be simple.

HMI Interface

User interface for the application for

•Input for current switch-on and switch-off times

•Controlling the sample application:

Starting / resetting time switches

•Display of current time switch status (on/off)

•Button for selecting mode of summer / winter time changeover: via radio-

controlled clock or via function block (delivered with the application)

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2 Automation Solution

The automation problem described in chapter 1 can be solved with

standard hardware and software components (SIEMENS) plus the user's

own customized software.

The SIMATIC S7, together with a monitoring and control unit (SIMATIC

OP/TP), is useful for executing the automation task.

Based on the used standard HW/SW components, as well as the compiled

application software, data are exchanged between S7-CPU and HMI

system via an MPI bus system.

Both the diagrams below give you an overview of all the components

involved. Figure 2-1 shows you the standard components. Connecting the

HVAC devices to the S7-CPU via the distributed I/O was not looked into in

this application, and is thus only outlined schematically. Figure 2-2 shows

you the user software developed for this application.

Fig. 2-1 Standard hardware components

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Diagram of user software running on the standard components

Fig. 2-2 User software

Description of the complete solution

Solving the task described in chapter 1 requires several blocks (see

Chapter 2.1) for time-dependent setting or resetting of an output. In our

solution the block parameter are input via an HMI-system (see

Chapter 2.2).

However, the parameters can also be input directly at the block.

The application contains function blocks for absolute and relative time

switch functions (clocks). Each clock has only one setting option

(corresponding to a “cam”), i.e. only respectively one switch-on and one

switch-off time can be entered at a block. This way of handling has many

advantages:

•The function blocks are kept very fine-granular. This enables ideal usage

of the storage requirements of the S7-CPU.

•Flexible application of the blocks.

•Simple parameterization of the blocks.

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Furthermore, the application contains additional functions such as

summer/winter time changeover as well as taking holidays into

consideration.

The additional function „Summer/winter time changeover“ is conducted by

default by the FB103 „summer_winter“. Optionally this changeover can also

be controlled by means of a radio-controlled clock. In this case a digital

input module is necessary (i.e. SM321), as two digital inputs are required in

order to receive the data sent from the clock module.

For each absolute or relative clock (corresponds to a function call of a

function block) a view is used in the HMI system.

S7-CPU

HMI System View 4

Fig. 2-3 Function scheme

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2.1 Functionality in the S7-CPU

The following blocks are available in the S7-CPU:

2.1.1 Absolute time switching functions

One-day time switch:

This block can detect a time range within 24 hours, e.g. 8 to 12 o‘clock.

These switch times are repeated daily.

12:00 a.m 11:59:59 p.m

8:00 a.m. 12:00 p.m.

Fig. 2-4 Time range one-day time switch

Seven-day time switch:

This block can detect a time range within 7 days, e.g. each Tuesday

from 8 o’clock p.m. to Friday 6 o‘clock a.m.. These switch times are

repeated on a weekly basis.

Note:

It is also possible to repeat a switch time daily from Monday to Friday.

Di, 8:00 p.m.

So 12:00 a.m. Sa 11:59:59 p.m.

Fr, 6:00 a.m.

Fig 2-5 Time range seven-day time switch

One-month time switch:

This block can detect a time range within 31 days, e.g. each month from

the 3rd, 12 o’clock p.m. to the 7th 21 o‘clock p.m..

12:00 a.m. 31s

11:59:59 p.m.

, 12:00 p.m. 7th , 9:00 p.m.

Fig 2-6 Time range one-month time switch

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One-year time switch

This block can detect a time range within 365 days, e.g. from April 13th

8 o’clock a.m. to September 28th 12 o‘clock p.m..

Jan.

:00

31s

Dec.

11:59:59 p.m.

13t

May, 8:00 28t

Sept, 12:00

Fig 2-7 Time range one-year time switch

2.1.2 Relative time function

Relative time switch:

The clock is activated on a start signal and remains active until the

parameterized time interval has elapsed.

Start signal

Parameterized time

(e.g.: 3 hours)

Fig. 2-8 Relative time switch

2.1.3 Additional functions

•Summer/wintertime changeover:

The clock changes the absolute system time in the S7-CPU by plus or

minus one hour, depending on whether the time changeover is from

winter to summer time, or from summer to winter time.

For this changeover there are two alternatives:

1. Radio-controlled changeover (for this alternative you have to use the

radio-controlled clock shown in figure 2-1):

The system time is being synchronized after the clock connected to

the system has sent the changeover signal.

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2. Program controlled changeover:

The system time is being adjusted at the officially fixed dates by

means of a function block which is included in this application.

•Holiday/special day recognition:

Data for holidays and special days are stored in a DB in the format

day/month/year. The block checks whether a day in this DB coincides

with this current date, and sets an output to 1. Otherwise, the output is 0.

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2.2 Controlling and monitoring

The HMI system used in this case is an OP3 or alternatively a TP170A.

Only a short overview is given here on operation. A detailed description on

operation is given in Chapter 6.

The HMI page contains a view on each block in the S7-CPU. Inputs for the

respective block are made via this view. The variables in the HMI system

are connected with the correct memory space in the S7-CPU, so that inputs

are at the correct location and can be evaluated in the S7 program.

Note

Information on setting the time in the HMI system via the S7-CPU or for setting the

S7-clock via the HMI system are given on the ProduktSupportSeiten

[ProductSupportPages] under Entry ID 944136 (OP3) or Entry ID 2383397

(TP170A).

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HMI with OP3

The OP3 is a text-based display of the lower performance range. A

maximum of 2 lines at 20 characters each can be operated and monitored

at once on the device.

An example (one-day time switch) of the HMI interface at OP3 is illustrated

below.

The upper section of the illustration gives the input parameter, the lower

section the output parameter.

Control

arameter

Output

Error

Switch-on time

Switch-off time

Details on

current

system time

Fig. 2-9 HMI interface for the one-day time switch at the OP3

Enable Clock:

The parameter is used for enabling or disabling the clock.

Reset Output:

The Reset parameter is used for resetting the output of the clock when

problems occur.

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HMI with TP170A

The TP170A is a WindowsCE device of the lower performance range. A

graphical user interface of 12 cm x 8 cm can be used for controlling and

monitoring.

An example (one-day time switch) of the HMI interface at TP170A is

illustrated below.

Switch-on time

Switch-off time Control-

arameter

Output Error

Datails on

current

system time

Fig. 2-10 HMI interface for the one-month time switch at the OP3

Enable Clock:

The parameter is used for enabling or disabling the clock.

Reset Output:

The Reset parameter is used for resetting the output of the clock when

problems occur.

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