Siemens FM 450-1 Technical Document

SIMATIC
S7-400
Counter module FM 450-1
Equipment Manual
03/2022
A5E03648739-AC
Preface
Product Overview 1
This is how the FM 450-1
counts 2
Installation and Removal 3
Wiring 4
Parameter assignment 5
Program 6
Commissioning 7
Modes, settings,
parameters and commands 8
Encoder signals and their
evaluation 9
Assignment of the DB 10
Errors and diagnostics 11
Technical Data 12
Spare parts 13
References 14

Legal information
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indicates that death or severe personal injury will result if proper precautions are not taken.
WARNING
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indicates that minor personal injury can result if proper precautions are not taken.
NOTICE
indicates that property damage can result if proper precautions are not taken.
If more than one degree of danger is present, the warning notice representing the highest degree of danger will be
used. A notice warning of injury to persons with a safety alert symbol may also include a warning relating to property
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The product/system described in this documentation may be operated only by personnel quali󹪝ed for the speci󹪝c
task in accordance with the relevant documentation, in particular its warning notices and safety instructions.
Quali󹪝ed personnel are those who, based on their training and experience, are capable of identifying risks and
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Note the following:
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Siemens products may only be used for the applications described in the catalog and in the relevant technical
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We have reviewed the contents of this publication to ensure consistency with the hardware and software described.
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Digital Industries
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90026 NÜRNBERG
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A5E03648739-AC
Ⓟ 04/2022 Subject to change
Copyright © Siemens AG 2022.
All rights reserved

Preface
Purpose of this manual
This manual describes all steps required to use the FM 450-1 function module e󹪟ciently. It
supports you in installing and commissioning the module. The procedures for installing and
removing, wiring, assigning parameters, and programming are explained.
This manual is intended for the programmers of STEP 7 programs and for those responsible for
con󹪝guring, commissioning, and servicing automation systems.
Basic knowledge required
This manual requires general knowledge of automation engineering.
You also require knowledge of the use of computers or PC-type equipment (such as
programming devices) based on a Windows 95/98/2000 or NT operating system as well as STEP
7 programming skills.
Scope of this manual
The present manual contains the description of the FM 450-1 valid at the time the manual is
published. We reserve the right to describe changes to the functions of the FM 450-1 in the form
of product information.
Standards
The S7-400 automation system meets the requirements and criteria of IEC 61131-2.
Recycling and disposal
Owing to the fact that its equipment is low in contaminants, the FM 450-1 can be recycled. For
environmentally compliant recycling and disposal of your discarded device, please contact a
company certi󹪝ed for the disposal of electronic waste.
Additional support
If you have any further questions about the use of products described in this manual and do not
󹪝nd the right answers here, contact your local Siemens representative (http://
www.siemens.com/automation/partner):
A guide to the technical documentation for the various products and systems is available on the
Internet:
• SIMATIC Guide manuals (http://www.siemens.com/simatic-tech-doku-portal)
Counter module FM 450-1
Equipment Manual, 03/2022, A5E03648739-AC 3

The online catalog and online ordering systems are also available on the Internet:
• A&D Mall (http://www.siemens.com/automation/mall)
Training center
To help you get started with automation technology and systems, we o󹪜er a variety of courses.
Contact your regional Training Center or the central Training Center in D-90327 Nuremberg,
Germany.
• Internet: SITRAIN homepage (http://www.sitrain.com)
Technical Support
You can access technical support for all A&D projects via the following:
• Online support request form: (http://www.siemens.com/automation/support-request)
Service & Support on the Internet
In addition to our documentation, we o󹪜er a comprehensive online knowledge base on the
Internet at:
Industry Automation and Drive Technologies - Homepage (http://www.siemens.com/
automation/service&support)
There you will 󹪝nd the following information, for example:
• The newsletter that provides up-to-date information on your products.
• The documents you need via our Search function in Service & Support.
• A forum for global information exchange by users and specialists.
• Your local partner for Automation and Drives.
• Information about on-site service, repairs, and spare parts. Much more can be found under
"Services".
Preface
Counter module FM 450-1
4Equipment Manual, 03/2022, A5E03648739-AC

Table of contents
Preface ................................................................................................................................................... 3
1 Product Overview .................................................................................................................................. 9
1.1 Chapter overview................................................................................................................. 9
1.2 Properties ............................................................................................................................ 9
1.3 Fields of applications of the FM 450-1 ................................................................................ 11
1.4 The FM 450-1 hardware..................................................................................................... 13
1.5 The FM 450-1 software...................................................................................................... 15
2 This is how the FM 450-1 counts ......................................................................................................... 17
2.1 Basics ................................................................................................................................ 17
2.2 Gate functions ................................................................................................................... 19
3 Installation and Removal ..................................................................................................................... 21
3.1 Chapter overview............................................................................................................... 21
3.2 Preparing for Mounting...................................................................................................... 21
3.3 Installing the FM 450-1...................................................................................................... 22
3.4 Removal of the FM 450-1................................................................................................... 22
4 Wiring .................................................................................................................................................. 25
4.1 Chapter overview............................................................................................................... 25
4.2 Terminal assignment of the front connector ....................................................................... 25
4.3 Wiring Front Connectors .................................................................................................... 31
4.4 Module status after power is switched on........................................................................... 34
5 Parameter assignment......................................................................................................................... 37
5.1 Chapter overview............................................................................................................... 37
5.2 Installing and calling parameter assignment screen forms................................................... 37
6 Program ............................................................................................................................................... 39
6.1 Chapter overview............................................................................................................... 39
6.2 The FC CNT_CTRL function ................................................................................................. 39
6.3 The FC DIAG_INF function .................................................................................................. 43
6.4 Example application........................................................................................................... 44
6.5 Technical speci󹪝cations of the blocks.................................................................................. 46
7 Commissioning .................................................................................................................................... 47
7.1 Chapter overview............................................................................................................... 47
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7.2 Working steps during mechanical installation ..................................................................... 47
7.3 Working steps for parameter assignment............................................................................ 51
8 Modes, settings, parameters and commands...................................................................................... 57
8.1 Chapter overview............................................................................................................... 57
8.2 Overview of modes, settings and commands...................................................................... 57
8.3 Basics on calling modes, settings and commands ............................................................... 59
8.4 In󹪝nite counting ................................................................................................................ 59
8.5 Single counting.................................................................................................................. 61
8.6 Periodic counting............................................................................................................... 62
8.7 Count range ...................................................................................................................... 64
8.8 Setting: Behavior of the digital outputs............................................................................... 65
8.9 Setting: Pulse duration....................................................................................................... 67
8.10 Command: Open and close gate......................................................................................... 68
8.11 Command: Set counter ...................................................................................................... 71
8.12 Initiating a process interrupt............................................................................................... 76
9 Encoder signals and their evaluation .................................................................................................. 79
9.1 Chapter overview............................................................................................................... 79
9.2 Encoders which can be connected...................................................................................... 79
9.3 5-V di󹪜erential signals........................................................................................................ 80
9.4 24-V signals....................................................................................................................... 81
9.5 Signal evaluation ............................................................................................................... 83
10 Assignment of the DB .......................................................................................................................... 87
10.1 Assignment of the DB ........................................................................................................ 87
11 Errors and diagnostics ......................................................................................................................... 91
11.1 Chapter overview............................................................................................................... 91
11.2 Faults indicated via the diagnostics LEDs ............................................................................ 91
11.3 Initiation of diagnostics interrupts...................................................................................... 92
11.4 Data error .......................................................................................................................... 95
11.5 Operator error ................................................................................................................... 96
12 Technical Data...................................................................................................................................... 99
12.1 General technical speci󹪝cations.......................................................................................... 99
12.2 Technical Data ................................................................................................................... 99
12.3 Standards and approvals .................................................................................................. 101
12.3.1 Currently valid markings and approvals ............................................................................ 101
12.3.2 CE approval ..................................................................................................................... 102
12.3.3 CCC approval ................................................................................................................... 103
Table of contents
Counter module FM 450-1
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12.3.4 UKCA approval................................................................................................................. 104
12.3.5 Explosion protection ........................................................................................................ 104
12.3.6 cULus approval ................................................................................................................ 105
12.3.7 cULus HAZ. LOC. approval ................................................................................................ 105
12.3.8 cFMus approval................................................................................................................ 105
12.3.9 Approval for Australia and New Zealand ........................................................................... 106
12.3.10 Approval for the Korea and South Korea ........................................................................... 106
13 Spare parts......................................................................................................................................... 107
14 References ......................................................................................................................................... 109
Glossary ............................................................................................................................................. 111
Index .................................................................................................................................................. 115
Table of contents
Counter module FM 450-1
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Table of contents
Counter module FM 450-1
8Equipment Manual, 03/2022, A5E03648739-AC

Product Overview 1
1.1 Chapter overview
Section overview
This section provides you with an overview of the FM 450-1 function module.
• It informs you of what the FM 450-1 can do.
• Examples demonstrate some of the possible applications of the FM 450-1.
• You will learn how the FM 450-1 is integrated into the S7-400 automation system, and
familiarize yourself with the vital components of FM 450-1.
1.2 Properties
Properties
The FM 450-1 is a fast counter module to be used in the S7-400 automation system. There are
two counters on the module which can work in the following counting ranges as required:
• 0 to 4 294 967 295 (0 to 232 - 1)
• - 2 147 483 648 to + 2 147 483 647 (-231 to 231 - 1).
The maximum input frequency of the counter signals is up to 500 kHz depending on the encoder
signal.
The FM 450-1 can be used for the following counting tasks:
• Continuous counting
• Single counting
• Periodic counting
You can start and stop the count either via the user program (software gate) or via external
signals (hardware gate).
Comparison values
You can store two comparison values per counter on the module; they are assigned to the two
corresponding outputs on the module. If the counter status reaches one of the comparison
values, then the output assigned to it can be set so that it triggers control operations directly in
the process.
Counter module FM 450-1
Equipment Manual, 03/2022, A5E03648739-AC 9

Load value
You can determine an initial value (load value) for each counter on the FM 450-1 The counter is
set at the initial value if a software or hardware-related signal to the module comes up.
Hardware interrupts
When comparison values are reached, for over󹪞ow, under󹪞ow and/or for zero crossing of a
counter, the FM 450-1 can trigger a Hardware interrupt.
Diagnostic interrupt
When the following events occur, the FM 450-1 can trigger a diagnostic interrupt:
• External auxiliary voltage faulty
• Encoder 5.2 VDC supply faulty
• Module not assigned parameters or errors in parameter assignment
• Watchdog timeout
• RAM defective
• Hardware interrupt lost
• Fault in signal A, B, or N of the 5 V encoder
Pulse duration
You can determine a pulse duration for the digital outputs of the FM 450-1. The pulse duration
is used to specify how long the corresponding digital output is to be set. You can specify a value
between 0 and 500 ms for the pulse duration. This value applies to both outputs. By prescribing
a pulse duration you can adapt the FM 450-1 to existing actors.
Which signals can the FM 450-1 count?
The FM 450-1 can count signals that are generated by the following encoders:
• Incremental 5-V encoders
• Incremental 24-V encoders
• 24-V pulse encoders with direction level
• 24-V initiators without direction level
e.g., light barrier or BERO
Product Overview
1.2 Properties
Counter module FM 450-1
10 Equipment Manual, 03/2022, A5E03648739-AC

Input 󹪝lter
For the purpose of suppressing interference, you can assign input 󹪝lters (RC elements) with a
uniform 󹪝lter time for the 24 V inputs A*, B*, and N* and for the digital inputs. The following two
input 󹪝lters are available:
Table 1-1 Input 󹪝lter
Characteristics Input 󹪝lter 1
(default)
Input 󹪝lter 2
Typical input delay 1 μs 15 μs
Maximum count frequency 200 kHz 20 kHz
Minimum pulse width of the count signals 2.5 μs 25 μs
1.3 Fields of applications of the FM 450-1
You can use the FM 450-1 as follows:
The main 󹪝eld of application of the FM 450-1 is where it is necessary to count signals with high
frequencies and fast reactions must be triggered when a prescribed counter reading is reached.
Examples are:
• Packaging plants,
• sorting plants,
• dosing plants
Example application for an FM450-1
Here a speci󹪝c number of parts is to be 󹪝lled into a box. An FM 450-1 counter assumes the job
of counting the parts and controlling the two motors for transporting the parts and the box.
If the box is in the right position, belt A is stopped via the light barrier, the counting process is
started and the motor for belt B switched on. If the programmed number of parts are in the box,
the FM 450-1 stops the motor for belt B and switches on the motor for belt A so that the box can
be transported away. The counting process can start again when the next box reaches the light
barrier
Product Overview
1.3 Fields of applications of the FM 450-1
Counter module FM 450-1
Equipment Manual, 03/2022, A5E03648739-AC 11

Motor
Motor
Light barrier
FM 450-1
Belt A
Belt B
Gate
Figure 1-1 Example application for an FM450-400 in the S7-400
Product Overview
1.3 Fields of applications of the FM 450-1
Counter module FM 450-1
12 Equipment Manual, 03/2022, A5E03648739-AC

1.4 The FM 450-1 hardware
View of module
The illustration shows the FM 450-1 module with front connector plugged in.
Labeling strips
Order number
Front connector
Type plate
Diagnostics
and status-LEDs
Version
Figure 1-2 Illustration of the FM 450-1
Order number and version
The full order number of the FM 450-1 is shown on the rating plate.
The abbreviated order number and the version of the FM 450-1 are marked on the top end of the
front of the module.
Diagnostic and status LEDs
The FM 450-1 has 16 LEDs. The LEDs are for diagnostic purposes and indicate the state of the FM
450-1 and its digital inputs and outputs. The following table lists labeling, color and function of
the LED displays.
Table 1-2 Labeling, color and function of the LEDs
Labeling Color Function
INTF Red Internal error
EXTF Red External error
Product Overview
1.4 The FM 450-1 hardware
Counter module FM 450-1
Equipment Manual, 03/2022, A5E03648739-AC 13

Labeling Color Function
CH1 CR
CH2 CR
Green Counter in operation; status of the lowest value bit of counter 1 (CH 1) or
counter 2 (CH2)
CH1 DIR
CH2 DIR
Green Count direction; LED illuminated if counter 1 (CH1) or counter 2 (CH2) is
counting backwards.
CH1 IN 0
CH2 IN 0
Green Status of input 1I0 of counter 1 and/or 2I0 of counter 2
CH1 IN 1
CH2 IN 1
Green Status of input 1I1 of counter 1 and/or 2I1 of counter 2
CH1 IN 2
CH2 IN 2
Green Status of input 1I2 of counter 1 and/or 2I2 of counter 2
CH1 OUT 0
CH2 OUT 0
Green Status of output 1Q0 of counter 1 and/or 2Q0 of counter 2
CH1 OUT 1
CH2 OUT 1
Green Status of output 1Q1 of counter 1 and/or 2Q1 of counter 2
Front connectors
The front connector has the following terminals:
• 5-V or 24-V encoder signals for counters 1 and 2
• Encoder supply
• Digital input signals to start, stop and set counters 1 and 2
• Digital output signals Q0 and Q1 for counters 1 and 2
• Auxiliary voltage 1L+ to generate the encoder supply voltages
• Load voltage 2L+ to supply the digital outputs
The front connector can be ordered separately (see chapter "Spare parts (Page 107)").
Front connector coding
If you hook in the front connector, the front connector coding engages. Thereafter this front
connector can only be attached to an FM 450-1 module.
Labeling strips
A plate block with four labeling strips is included with the module. These strips can be labeled
individually with the corresponding signal names.
Product Overview
1.4 The FM 450-1 hardware
Counter module FM 450-1
14 Equipment Manual, 03/2022, A5E03648739-AC

1.5 The FM 450-1 software
Software packages of the FM 450-1
You will require the software package on the supplied CD to integrate the FM 450-1 into the
S7-400. It includes:
• Parameterization software with parameterization interfaces
• Software for the CPU (blocks)
• Documentation
parameter assignment screen forms
The FM 450-1 is adapted to the respective task via parameters. These parameters are stored in
an SDB and transferred to the module by the CPU.
The parameters can be determined via the parameter assignment screen forms. These
parameter assignment screen forms are installed on your programming device and opened in
STEP 7.
Software for the S7-400-CPU
The software for the CPU consists of the FC CNT_CTRL function, which is invoked in the CPU user
program. This FC enables communication between the CPU and the FM 450-1. In addition, there
is also the FC DIAG_INF for the FM 450-1 with which you can transmit diagnostic data into the
DB of FC CNT_CTRL.
This 󹪝gure shows an S7-400 layout with an FM 450-1 and several signal modules.
Product Overview
1.5 The FM 450-1 software
Counter module FM 450-1
Equipment Manual, 03/2022, A5E03648739-AC 15

3URJUDPPLQJGHYLFH3*ZLWK67(3DQGWKH3DUDPHWHUDVVLJQPHQWVFUHHQIRUPV&38ZLWKXVHUSURJUDPDQG)&VRIWKH)0)0
Figure 1-3 Layout of a SIMATIC S7-400 with an FM 450-1
Product Overview
1.5 The FM 450-1 software
Counter module FM 450-1
16 Equipment Manual, 03/2022, A5E03648739-AC

This is how the FM 450-1 counts 2
2.1 Basics
What is counting?
Counting refers to the recording and totaling of events. In the case of the FM 450-1 function
module encoder signals are captured and evaluated accordingly.
Count range, count limits
The FM 450-1 can count both forwards and backwards. When you select the count range, you
determine the limits between which the FM 450-1 can count.
Count range Low count limit High count limit
Count range 1:
0 to +32 bit
0 [phone]
Count range 2:
-31 to +31 bit
-2 147 483 648 [phone]
Load value
You can lay down an initial value for each of the two FM 450-1 counters from which the counting
is to begin. This initial value is the load value. You can specify any value within the count limits
for the load value.
Comparison values
You can use two digital outputs on the module for each counter in order to trigger reactions in
a process at a certain counter reading, independently of the CPU. You store two comparison
values for each counter on the FM 450-1. If the counter reading reaches one of the two
comparison values, the digital output assigned belonging to the comparison value is set and/or
a Hardware interrupt is generated.
Operating modes
You can count rectangular pulses in three di󹪜erent ways with the FM 450-1:
• Continuous counting, with or without gate function
• Single counting with hardware or software gate
• Periodic counting with hardware or software gate
The di󹪜erences manifest themselves in the way the FM 450-1 behaves when a counter reaches
a count limit.
Counter module FM 450-1
Equipment Manual, 03/2022, A5E03648739-AC 17

Continuous counting
If when counting in the up direction a counter has reached the high count limit and a further
count pulse comes, then the counter jumps to the low count limit and begins to total the count
pulses; thus, it counts continuously.
Counter status
Time
Lower count limit
Upper count limit
Figure 2-1 Continuous counting in the up direction
If when counting in the down direction a counter has reached the low count limit and a further
count pulse comes, then it jumps to the high count limit and then goes on counting down from
there.
Single counting
For single counting the counter starts from the load value. If when counting up a counter has
reached the high count limit and a further count pulse comes, then the counter jumps to the low
count limit and comes to a halt even if further count pulses come.
Counter status
Time
Load value
Upper count limit
Lower count limit
Figure 2-2 Single counting in the up direction
If when counting down a counter has reached the low count limit and a further count pulse
comes, then the counter jumps to the high count limit and comes to a halt even if further count
pulses come.
This is how the FM 450-1 counts
2.1 Basics
Counter module FM 450-1
18 Equipment Manual, 03/2022, A5E03648739-AC

Periodic counting
For periodic counting the respective counter starts from the load value. If when counting up the
counter reaches the high count limit and further count pulses come, then the counter jumps to
the load value and starts totalizing the count pulses.
Counter status
Load value
Upper count limit
Lower count limit
Time
Figure 2-3 Periodic counting in the up direction
If when counting down a counter has reached the low count limit and a further count pulse
comes, then the counter jumps to the load value and then continues counting down from there.
2.2 Gate functions
Counting with gate functions
Many applications require that the counting process should be started or stopped at a speci󹪝cally
de󹪝ned point in time, depending on other events. In the case of the FM 450-1 starting and
stopping the counting process like this take place via a gate function. If the gate is opened, count
pulses can reach a counter and the counting process is started. If the gate is closed, count pulses
can no longer reach the counter and the counting process is stopped.
Software gate and hardware gate
The module possesses two gate functions for each counter:
• A software gate (SW gate) which is controlled via the user program in the CPU.
• A hardware gate (HW gate) that is controlled via the 1I0 and 1I1 (counter 1) and/or 2I0 and
2I1 (counter 2) digital inputs on the module. When assigning parameters for the FM 450-1
you determine if the operation of the hardware gate is to be level controlled or edge
controlled.
Example
When the gate signal is set, the gate is opened and the count pulses are counted. If the gate
signal is taken away, the gate is closed and the count pulses are no longer picked up by the
counter. The counter status remains constant.
The 󹪝gure shows a gate opening and closing and the pulses being counted:
This is how the FM 450-1 counts
2.2 Gate functions
Counter module FM 450-1
Equipment Manual, 03/2022, A5E03648739-AC 19

4
1 2 34
Counter status
Count pulses
Gate signal
Open
gate
Close
gate
Figure 2-4 Opening and closing a gate
Ending counting process with the gate stop function
You can end the counting process when counting with the SW gate and when counting with the
HW gate with the respective gate stop function. For this purpose you set the GATE_STP input
parameter of the FC CNT_CTRL.
This is how the FM 450-1 counts
2.2 Gate functions
Counter module FM 450-1
20 Equipment Manual, 03/2022, A5E03648739-AC