Simplex 4098 User manual

4098 Detectors, Sensors, and Bases
Application Manual
574-709 Rev. AP
*0574709AP*

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Contents 1 Cautions, warnings, and regulatory information...................................................................................... 3
2 Overview.........................................................................................................................................................4
2.1 Special considerations......................................................................................................................................................................... 4
2.1.1 Special considerations for smoke detectors and sensors.......................................................................................................................4
2.1.2 Smoke detector and sensor applications.....................................................................................................................................................4
2.2 Where to place detectors and sensors.............................................................................................................................................. 4
2.2.1 Correct locations for detectors and sensors...............................................................................................................................................4
2.3 Where not to place detectors and sensors....................................................................................................................................... 7
2.3.1 Incorrect locations for detectors and sensors............................................................................................................................................7
2.4 Principles of operation.........................................................................................................................................................................8
2.4.1 Introduction......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 8
2.4.2 Heat detector operation...................................................................................................................................................................................8
2.4.3 Photoelectric smoke detectors or sensors..................................................................................................................................................9
2.4.4 Carbon monoxide gas detectors or sensors...............................................................................................................................................9
3 4098 Smoke Detectors, Heat Detectors and Bases................................................................................ 10
3.1 4098 Smoke Detectors.......................................................................................................................................................................10
3.1.1 Smoke detector limitations............................................................................................................................................................................10
3.1.2 Specifications.................................................................................................................................................................................................... 10
3.1.3 Mounting requirements................................................................................................................................................................................. 10
3.2 4098 Heat Detectors.......................................................................................................................................................................... 11
3.2.1 Heat detector types.........................................................................................................................................................................................11
3.2.2 Specifications.................................................................................................................................................................................................... 11
3.3 4098 Bases.......................................................................................................................................................................................... 12
3.3.1 Mounting............................................................................................................................................................................................................12
3.3.2 Wiring.................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 14
4 TrueAlarm Sensors and Sensor Bases......................................................................................................19
4.1 Introduction........................................................................................................................................................................................ 19
4.2 4098-9733, 4098-9734, and 4098-9778 spacing............................................................................................................................. 19
4.3 4098 TrueAlarm Sensors................................................................................................................................................................... 20
4.3.1 Special applications.........................................................................................................................................................................................20
4.3.2 Mounting............................................................................................................................................................................................................20
4.4 4098 TrueAlarm Sensor Bases..........................................................................................................................................................20
4.4.1 Specifications.................................................................................................................................................................................................... 22
4.4.2 Setting the address of the base................................................................................................................................................................... 23
4.4.3 Address setting for the 2120 CDT System.................................................................................................................................................24
4.4.4 Address Setting for the 4010, 4020, 4100+, 4100U, 4100ES, 4010ES, 4007ES, 4008, or 4120 System....................................24
4.4.5 Wiring.................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 25
4.4.6 CORC Replacement Instructions..................................................................................................................................................................28
4.5 Setting the Tone for the 4098-9773 CO Sounder Base and the 4098-9772 Sounder Base....................................................... 30
5 Accessories.................................................................................................................................................. 31
5.1 2098-9737 Relay Module wiring....................................................................................................................................................... 31
5.2 4098-9860 Relay Module wiring....................................................................................................................................................... 31
5.3 4098-9822 Relay Module wiring....................................................................................................................................................... 32
5.4 Relay Module installation.................................................................................................................................................................. 32
5.5 Remote LED Module.......................................................................................................................................................................... 33
6 Compatibility and testing........................................................................................................................... 34
6.1 Compatibility for 4098 Detectors and Detector Bases.................................................................................................................. 34
6.2 Compatibility for 4098 Sensors and Sensor Bases........................................................................................................................ 34
6.3 Maintenance and testing...................................................................................................................................................................35
6.3.1 Maintenance..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 35
6.3.2 Testing.................................................................................................................................................................................................................35
6.3.3 Preferred method of testing smoke detectors or sensors....................................................................................................................36

6.3.4 Test Equipment Available...............................................................................................................................................................................36
6.3.5 Alternate method for testing sensors.........................................................................................................................................................37
6.3.6 Magnetic Test for photoelectric detectors................................................................................................................................................ 38
6.3.7 Maintenance of the CO Sensor.................................................................................................................................................................... 39
6.3.8 End of life service............................................................................................................................................................................................. 39
6.3.9 Standard maintenance...................................................................................................................................................................................39
6.3.10 CO sensor testing flowcharts......................................................................................................................................................................40
6.3.11 Cleaning........................................................................................................................................................................................................... 41
6.3.11.1 Photoelectric smoke detector or sensor cleaning..........................................................................................................................41
6.3.12 Trouble indications........................................................................................................................................................................................41
6.3.12.1 Trouble indications for TrueAlarm sensors...................................................................................................................................... 41
6.3.13 Fire Alarm trouble and maintenance log.................................................................................................................................................42
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4098 Detectors, Sensors, and Bases Application Manual

4098 Detectors, Sensors, and Bases Application Manual
1 Cautions, warnings, and regulatory information
READ AND SAVE THESE INSTRUCTIONS Follow the instructions in this installation manual. These instructions must be followed to avoid
damage to this product and associated equipment. Product operation and reliability depend upon proper installation.
DO NOT INSTALL ANY SIMPLEX™ PRODUCT THAT APPEARS DAMAGED Upon unpacking your Simplex product, inspect
the contents of the carton for shipping damage. If damage is apparent, immediately file a claim with the carrier and notify an
authorized Simplex product supplier.
ELECTRICAL HAZARD Disconnect electrical field power when making any internal adjustments or repairs. All repairs should
be performed by a representative or an authorized agent of your local Simplex product supplier.
STATIC HAZARD Static electricity can damage components. Handle as follows:
• Ground yourself before opening or installing components.
• Prior to installation, keep components wrapped in anti-static material at all times.
EYE SAFETY HAZARD Under certain fiber optic application conditions, the optical output of this device may exceed eye safety
limits. Do not use magnification (such as a microscope or other focusing equipment) when viewing the output of this device.
SULFURIC ACID WARNING Battery contains sulfuric acid, which can cause severe burns to the skin and eyes and can
destroy fabric. Replace any leaking or damaged battery while wearing appropriate protective gear. If you come in contact with
sulfuric acid, immediately flush skin or eyes with water for 15 minutes and seek immediate medical attention.
FCC RULES AND REGULATIONS – PART 15 This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital
device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference
when the equipment is operated in a commercial environment. This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy
and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instruction manual, may cause harmful interference to radio communications.
Operation of this equipment in a residential area is likely to cause harmful interference in which case the user will be required to correct
the interference at his own expense.
SYSTEM REACCPTANCE TEST AFTER SOFTWARE CHANGES To ensure proper system operation, this product must be tested in
accordance with NFPA-72, after any programming operation or change in site-specific software. Reacceptance testing is required after
any change, addition or deletion of system components, or after any modification, repair or adjustment to system hardware or wiring. All
components, circuits, system operations, or software functions known to be affected by a change must be 100% tested. In addition, to
ensure that other operations are not inadvertently affected, at least 10% of initiating devices that are not directly affected by the change,
up to a maximum of 50 devices, must also be tested and proper system operation verified.
NFPA 72® is a registered trademark of the National Fire Protection Association.
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2 Overview
This document provides information about the correct application of both heat and smoke detectors/sensors in conjunction with fire
alarm systems.
The information in this publication is intended to be used as a technical guide only. Ensure that the requirements of applicable codes and
standards, as well as the directives of Authorities Having Jurisdiction (AHJs) are followed.
2.1 Special considerations
Before installing detectors or sensors, make a survey of the area to be covered in accordance with the information provided in NFPA 72, an
excerpt of this is provided in Smoke detector and sensor applications. For additional information, refer to NFPA 72 and the NEMA Guide for
Proper Use of System Smoke Detectors.
2.1.1 Special considerations for smoke detectors and sensors
Consider the following before installing detectors or sensors:
• Is there human occupancy?
• The contents to be protected.
• The type of construction and use.
• The burning characteristics of contents.
• The air movement - stratification.
• The deflections and obstructions.
• The height of ceilings.
• The surface conditions of ceilings.
• The type of ceiling construction.
• The total area.
• The vent locations: velocities and dilution.
2.1.2 Smoke detector and sensor applications
Each detector/sensor can provide up to 900 square feet, or 84 square meters of coverage, depending on the following:
• The requirements of local codes.
• The results of engineering evaluation.
2.2 Where to place detectors and sensors
2.2.1 Correct locations for detectors and sensors
Important: The guidelines in this section are adapted from standards published by the National Fire Protection Association, Quincy,
Massachusetts, U.S.A. These standards include NFPA 72, “National Fire Alarm and Signaling Code”; NFPA 70, “National Electrical Code”, Article
760; and NFPA 90A, “Standard for the Installation of Air Conditioning and Ventilating Systems.”
To provide effective early warning of a developing fire situation, install smoke detectors or sensors in all areas of the protected premises.
Total coverage as defined by NFPA 72 includes all rooms, halls, storage areas, basements, attics, lofts, and spaces above suspended
ceilings including plenum areas utilized as part of the HVAC system. In addition, this includes all closets, elevator shafts, enclosed stairways,
dumbwaiter shafts, chutes, and other subdivisions and accessible spaces.
Fire detection systems installed to meet local codes or ordinances may not be adequate for early warning of the fire. Some codes or
ordinances have minimum objectives, such as capturing elevators, or preventing circulation of smoke through HVAC systems instead of
early detection of fire.
Weigh the costs against the benefits of installing a complete fire detection system when any detection system is being installed. The
location, quantity, and zoning of detectors or sensors is determined by the objectives of the installation, rather than the minimum
requirements of any local codes or ordinances.
Detectors or sensors can be omitted from combustible blind spaces when any of the following conditions prevail:
• Where the ceiling is attached directly to the underside of the supporting beams of a combustible roof or floor deck.
• Where the concealed space is entirely filled with noncombustible insulation. In solid joist construction, the insulation need only fill the
space from the ceiling to the bottom edge of the joist of the roof or floor deck.
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4098 Detectors, Sensors, and Bases Application Manual

• Where there are small concealed spaces over rooms, provided the space does not exceed 50 square feet, or 4.6 square meters.
• In spaces formed by sets of facing studs or solid joists in walls, floors, or ceilings where the distance between the facing studs or solid
joists does not exceed 6 inches, or 15 centimeters.
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4098 Detectors, Sensors, and Bases Application Manual

Detectors or sensors can also be omitted from below open grid ceilings where all of the following conditions are met:
• The openings of the grid are at least 1/4 inch, or 6 millimeters in the smallest dimension.
• The thickness of the material does not exceed the smallest of the grid openings.
• The openings constitute at least 70% of the area of the ceiling material.
Detectors or sensors are usually required or recommended underneath open loading docks or platforms and their covers, and in
accessible under-floor areas in buildings without basements. Detectors or sensors may be omitted from combustible blind spaces when all
of the following conditions prevail:
1. The space is not accessible for storage purposes, it is protected against the entrance of unauthorized persons, and it is protected
against the accumulation of windblown debris.
2. The space contains no equipment or structures, such as steam pipes, electrical wiring, ducts, shafts, or conveyors that could
potentially ignite or conduct the spread of fire.
3. The floor over the space is tight.
4. Non flammable liquids are processed, handled, or stored on the floor above the space.
“Total coverage” as described in NFPA 72, is the definition of a complete fire detection system. In some of the specified areas of coverage,
such as attics, closets, under open loading docks or platforms, a heat detector may be more appropriate than a smoke detector. Give
careful consideration to the detector manufacturer’s instructions and the following recommendations in this guide.
When only one detector/sensor is required in a room or space, install the detector or sensor as close to the center of the ceiling as
possible. Central location of the detector or sensor is best for sensing smoke or fire in any part of the room. If a center location is not
possible, place it no closer than 4 inches, or 10 centimeters from the wall, or if it is listed for wall mounting, it can be mounted on the wall.
Wall mounted detectors or sensor should be located approximately 4 to 12 inches, or 10 to 30 centimeters from the ceiling to the top of
the detector, and at least 4inches, or 10 centimeters from any corner wall junction, see Figure 1.
Figure 1: Wall and ceiling mounted detector or sensor
When an air supply or an air return duct opening is present in a room or space, install the detectors or sensors in the path of the air flow
toward the return air duct opening, see Figure 2.
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4098 Detectors, Sensors, and Bases Application Manual

Figure 2: Detector placement - air supply or return ducts
Smoke tests help determine the correct placement of detectors and sensors. Observe the smoke travel directions and velocity, as these
factors can affect detector and sensor performance.
Placement of a detector or sensor near air conditioning or incoming air vents can cause excessive accumulations of dust and dirt on
the detector or sensor. This dirt can cause the detector or sensor to malfunction and cause nuisance alarms. Do not locate detectors or
sensors closer than 3 feet, or 0.9 meters from an air supply diffuser.
Spot type detectors or sensors in correctly engineered systems, can also be installed in return air ducts, or in approved duct detector
housings designed for this application. Although duct detectors are not a substitute for open area detectors, they can provide an effective
method of initiating building control functions to prevent smoke being transported from the fire area to other parts of a building.
2.3 Where not to place detectors and sensors
2.3.1 Incorrect locations for detectors and sensors
Installing detectors or sensors in an incorrect location is a major cause of nuisance alarms. To avoid nuisance alarms do not install
detectors or sensors in environments that can cause them to malfunction. See the following table and examples:
Table 1: Environmental conditions that influence detector response*
Detection
protection
Air velocity >300 ft.
(91.4 m) / min.
Atm. pressure
3000 ft. (914 m)
above sea level
Humidity
>93% RH
Temp. <32°F (0°C)
>100°F (38°C)
Color of smoke
Photo O O X X X
Beam O O X X O
Air Sampling O O X X O
*See Table A-5-3.6.1.1 in NFPA 72
X = May affect detector or sensor responses
O = Generally does not affect detector or sensor responses
Do not install detectors or sensors in the following areas:
• In excessively dusty or dirty areas, such as feed rooms, steel mills, etc. Dust and dirt can accumulate on the detector or sensor’s
sensing chamber and make it overly sensitive, or block the air entrances to the sensing chamber and make the detector or sensor less
sensitive to smoke. Be especially careful to avoid areas where fumigants, fog or mist-producing materials, or sweeping and cleaning
compounds are used. These substances can cause nuisance alarms.
• Outdoors, in stables, open storage sheds, or other open structures affected by dust, air currents, or excessive humidity and
temperature.
• In damp or excessively humid areas, or next to bathrooms with showers. Water droplets can accumulate inside the sensing chamber
and make the detector or sensor overly sensitive. A large amount of humid air is produced during a hot shower. The moisture in this
humid air can enter the sensing chamber as water vapor, then cool and condense into droplets causing a nuisance alarm.
• In elevator lobbies over ashtrays or where people smoke while waiting for the elevator.
• In very cold or very hot environments, or in unheated buildings or rooms where the temperature can fall below or exceed the
operating temperature range of the detector or sensor. At temperatures below 32°F, or 0°C, ice crystals or condensation can appear
inside the sensing chamber and make it overly sensitive or cause a nuisance alarm. At temperatures above the operating range of the
detector or sensor greater than 120°F, or 49°C, its internal components may not function correctly.
• In or near areas where combustion particles are normally present, such as in kitchens or other areas with ovens and burners; in
garages, where particles of combustion are present in vehicle exhausts; within 15 feet, or 4.5 meters of any type of furnace, hot water
heater, or gas space heater; or in welding shops or other types of work areas where some form of combustion is used in the activity
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4098 Detectors, Sensors, and Bases Application Manual

normally conducted in that area. When a detector must be located in, or adjacent to such an area, a fixed temperature heat detector
can be appropriate.
• In air streams passing by or through kitchens. Air often enters a residence or a residential unit of an apartment building through
cracks around the front or back doors. If the air return is in the bedroom hallway or in the bathroom, and if air from the kitchen easily
enters the air stream going from the door to the air return, combustion particles from cooking can cause nuisance alarms. Install
detectors or sensors so that they protect the bedrooms but are out of the air stream.
• In or near manufacturing areas, battery rooms, or other areas where substantial quantities of vapors, gases or fumes may be present.
Strong vapors, like excessive humidity, can make detectors or sensors overly sensitive or less sensitive than normal. In very large
concentrations, gases heavier than air, such as carbon dioxide, may make detectors or sensors more sensitive, while gases lighter
than air, such as helium, may make them less sensitive. Aerosol particles may collect on detector or sensor chamber surfaces and
cause nuisance alarms.
• In insect-infested areas. If insects enter a detector or sensor’s sensing chamber, they can cause a nuisance alarm. Perform insect
eradication procedures before installing detectors or sensors in these locations. If spraying is part of this process, do not allow insect
spray to enter the detectors or sensors.
• Near fluorescent light fixtures. Electrical noise generated by fluorescent light fixtures may cause nuisance alarms. Install detectors or
sensors at least 1 foot, or 0.3 meters away from these light fixtures.
• When using the CO Base for CO fire detection, do not install in locations that can have potentially high non-fire levels of CO.
Underwriters Laboratories (UL) has three standards for smoke detectors:
• One for duct detectors or sensors, UL 268A.
• One for single and multiple station detectors/sensors, UL 217.
• One for system type detectors or sensors, UL 268.
Only use detectors or sensors in the applications for which they are specifically listed.
The NFPA 101 Life Safety Code states that single station smoke detectors shall sound an alarm only within an individual living unit or similar
area and shall not actuate the building fire alarm system. It also states, “All systems and components shall be approved for the purpose for
which they are installed.”
In addition to possible code noncompliance, the following deficiencies exist in a series of residential smoke detectors connected in a fire
alarm system mode:
• Because the fire alarm system is not supervised, vandals or others can disconnect a detector or the entire system, leaving a building
without protection. In this situation the residents are unaware of the serious life threatening condition.
• Residential detectors do not latch in alarm, the detector self-resets. One detector in alarm sounds all the detectors that are
connected together. In this situation, after the alarm condition is cleared, it is difficult to identify or locate a specific detector that
initially put the system into alarm,.
System detectors or sensors latch in alarm. They do not reset until the power is momentarily disconnected. This makes it easier to identify
the location of the detector or sensor that caused the control panel to alarm. In addition, system detectors are specifically designed to
connect to a supervised control panel. Two-wire detectors require a UL compatibility review to verify that the detector and panel operate
correctly together.
A typical life safety fire alarm system for an apartment complex uses system detectors or sensors and manual fire alarm stations in the
hallways and common areas of the complex, and residential single station type detectors and heat detectors in the individual apartments.
The system detectors or sensors, manual stations and heat detectors are connected to a supervised control panel, sound a general
alarm, and automatically notify the proper authorities that a fire condition exists. The residential detectors located in the apartments are
interconnected only within the individual living quarters of each apartment. These residential units sound an alarm only in the apartment
unit.
2.4 Principles of operation
2.4.1 Introduction
This section describes how the different types of detectors and sensors work. For additional information about TrueAlarm sensor
operation, refer to the TrueAlarm Concepts publication (PER-91-024).
2.4.2 Heat detector operation
The heat detector senses the heat or the Rate-of-Rise (ROR) in the air temperature of the environment in which it is located. The heat
detector is comprised of electronic circuitry and a mechanical package that is designed to sense the ROR of the air temperature in an
expedient and reliable fashion. Upon detection of an abnormal increase in air temperature, or ROR in air temperature, the electronics
indicate an alarm by increasing the amount of current draw from the monitor zone it is connected to. The monitor zone is a supervised
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4098 Detectors, Sensors, and Bases Application Manual