Spectrex SafEye Quasar 950 User manual

Manual
TM888300, Rev Ar
May2023
SafEye™ Quasar 950/960
Open Path Toxic Gas Detectors

Legal notice
The device described in this document is the property of Emerson.
No part of the hardware, software, or documentation may be reproduced, transmitted, transcribed, stored in a
retrieval system, or translated into any language or computer language, in any form or by any means, without prior
written permission from Emerson.
While great efforts have been made to ensure the accuracy and clarity of this document, Emerson assumes no liability
resulting from any omissions in this document or from misuse of the information obtained herein. The information in
this document has been carefully checked and is believed to be entirely reliable with all of the necessary information
included. Emerson reserves the right to make changes to any products described herein to improve reliability,
function, or design and reserves the right to revise this document and make changes from time to time in content
hereof with no obligation to notify any persons of revisions or changes. Emerson does not assume any liability arising
out of the application or any use of any product or circuit described herein; neither does it convey license under its
patent rights or the rights of others.
WARNING
Physical access
Unauthorized personnel may potentially cause significant damage to and/or misconfiguration of end users’
equipment. This could be intentional or unintentional and needs to be protected against.
Physical security is an important part of any security program and fundamental to protecting your system. Restrict
physical access by unauthorized personnel to protect end users’ assets. This is true for all systems used within the
facility.
2

Contents
Chapter 1 About this guide........................................................................................................................5
1.1 Release history.............................................................................................................................5
1.2 Glossary and abbreviations........................................................................................................6
1.3 Notifications................................................................................................................................. 7
Chapter 2 Product overview...................................................................................................................... 9
Chapter 3 Technical description..............................................................................................................11
3.1 Features......................................................................................................................................11
3.2 Applications................................................................................................................................11
3.3 Principles of operation..............................................................................................................11
3.4 Product Certification................................................................................................................. 14
3.5 Model and types........................................................................................................................ 15
3.6 Description................................................................................................................................. 17
Chapter 4 Operating modes.................................................................................................................... 21
4.1 Operational modes................................................................................................................... 21
4.2 Visual indicators........................................................................................................................ 22
4.3 Output signals........................................................................................................................... 22
4.4 System setup..............................................................................................................................23
Chapter 5 Technical specifications......................................................................................................... 25
5.1 General specifications...............................................................................................................25
5.2 Electrical specifications.............................................................................................................26
5.3 Electrical outputs.......................................................................................................................26
5.4 Mechanical specifications.........................................................................................................27
5.5 Environmental specifications...................................................................................................27
Chapter 6 Installation instructions........................................................................................................ 29
6.1 Introduction............................................................................................................................... 29
6.2 General considerations.............................................................................................................29
6.3 Preparations for installation.................................................................................................... 31
6.4 Certification instructions.......................................................................................................... 32
6.5 Conduit/cable installation........................................................................................................ 36
6.6 Receiver/transmitter mounting...............................................................................................36
6.7 Receiver wiring.......................................................................................................................... 37
6.8 Receiver terminal wiring...........................................................................................................40
6.9 UV wiring.................................................................................................................................... 41
Chapter 7 Operating instructions........................................................................................................... 43
7.1 Safety operation........................................................................................................................ 43
7.2 Alignment of unit.......................................................................................................................43
7.3 Powering up the system...........................................................................................................44
7.4 Safety precautions.....................................................................................................................44
7.5 Signal verification......................................................................................................................45
7.6 Zero calibration..........................................................................................................................45
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7.7 Functional check........................................................................................................................46
Chapter 8 Maintenance instructions......................................................................................................47
8.1 General maintenance............................................................................................................... 47
8.2 Periodic maintenance............................................................................................................... 47
Chapter 9 Troubleshooting...................................................................................................................... 49
Chapter 10 Declaration of Conformity..................................................................................................... 51
Appendix A Wiring configurations.............................................................................................................53
A.1 RS-485 communication network............................................................................................. 54
Appendix B Accessories...............................................................................................................................57
B.1 Tilt mount...................................................................................................................................57
B.2 Pole mount (U-Bolt 2-3-in.).......................................................................................................57
B.3 Pole mount (U-Bolt 4-5-in.).......................................................................................................57
B.4 Wall mount.................................................................................................................................57
B.5 Commissioning kit.................................................................................................................... 57
B.6 HART handled diagnostic unit.................................................................................................57
B.7 Universal RS-485 and HART IS harness kit.............................................................................57
B.8 USB/RS-485 harness converter kit.......................................................................................... 58
B.9 Protective cover.........................................................................................................................58
Appendix C SIL-2 features...........................................................................................................................59
C.1 Safety relevant parameters..................................................................................................... 59
C.2 General conditions for safe use.............................................................................................. 59
Appendix D Configuring the SafEye 951.................................................................................................... 61
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1 About this guide
This guide describes the Quasar 950/960 Toxic Open-Path Gas Detection System and its
features and provides instructions how to install, operate, and maintain the receiver.
Note
This user guide should be carefully read by all individuals who have or will have
responsibility for using, maintaining or servicing the product.
This guide includes the following chapters and appendices:
•About this guide - details the layout of the guide, includes the release history, a
glossary, and abbreviations, and explains how notifications are used in the guide.
•Product overview - provides a general introduction and overview of the product and the
guide, with a brief description of its content.
•Technical description - describes the receiver’s theory of operation.
•Operating modes - describes the receiver’s operation modes, user interface, and
indications.
•Technical specifications - describes the receiver’s electrical, mechanical, and
environmental specifications.
•Installation instructions - describes how to install the receiver, including wiring, and
mode settings.
•Operating instructions - describes the operating instructions and power-up procedures.
•Maintenance instructions - describes the maintenance and support procedures.
•Troubleshooting - describes the solutions to problems that may arise with the receiver.
•Wiring configurations - provides wiring diagrams for installation.
•Accessories - lists accessories for the receiver.
•SIL-2 features - details the special conditions for compliance with SIL-2 requirements.
1.1 Release history
Revision Date Revision history Prepared by Approved by
0 December 2013 First release Ian Buchanan Eric Zinn
1 September 2014 Second release Ian Buchanan Eric Zinn
2 October 2014 Third release Ian Buchanan Eric Zinn
3 November 2014 Fourth release Ian Buchanan Eric Zinn
4 November 2014 Fifth release Ian Buchanan Eric Zinn
5 November 2014 Sixth release Ian Buchanan Eric Zinn
6 January 2015 Seventh release Ian Buchanan Eric Zinn
7 March 2016 Eighth release Ian Buchanan Eric Zinn
8 June 2016 Ninth release Ian Buchanan Eric Zinn
9 January 2017 Tenth release Jay Cooley Ian Buchanan
10 February 2017 Eleventh release Jay Cooley Ian Buchanan
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Revision Date Revision history Prepared by Approved by
Ak July 2018 Twelfth Release Michal Heller Udi Tzuri
Al August 2019 Thirteenth Release Michal Heller Udi Tzuri
Am February 2020 Fourteenth
Release
Michal Heller Udi Tzuri
An March 2020 Fifteenth Release Michal Heller Udi Tzuri
Ao February 2021 Sixteenth Release Michal Heller Udi Tzuri
Ap October 2021 Seventeenth
Release
Michal Heller Udi Tzuri
Ar January 2023 Eighteenth
Release
Yisrael Ivri Emil Cohen
1.2 Glossary and abbreviations
Abbreviation/term Meaning
Analog video Video values are represented by a scaled signal
ATEX Atmosphere Explosives
AWG American Wire Gauge
BIT Built-In-Test
CMOS Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor image sensor
Digital video Each component is represented by a number representing a discrete
quantization
DSP Digital Signal Processing
EMC Electromagnetic Compatibility
EMI Electromagnetic Interference
EOL End of Line
FOV Field of View
HART Highway Addressable Remote Transducer – communications protocol
IAD Immune at Any Distance
IECEx International Electro-Technical Commission Explosion
IP Internet Protocol
IPA Isopropyl Alcohol
IR Infrared
JP5 Jet Fuel
LED Light Emitting Diode
MODBUS Serial communications protocol using Master-Slave messaging
N/A Not Applicable
N.C. Normally Closed
NFPA National Fire Protection Association
N.O. Normally Open
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NPT National Pipe Thread
PAL Phase Alternation by Line (a color encoding system)
P/N Part Number
RFI Radio Frequency Interference
RTSP Real Time Streaming Protocol
SIL Safety Integrity Level
UNC Unified Coarse Thread
VAC Volts Alternating Current
1.3 Notifications
This section explains and exemplifies the usage of warnings, cautions, and notes
throughout this guide:
WARNING
This indicates a potentially hazardous situation that could result in serious injury and/or
major damage to the equipment.
CAUTION
This indicates a situation that could result in minor injury and/or damage to the
equipment.
Note
This provides supplementary information, emphasizes a point or procedure, or gives a tip
to facilitate operation.
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2 Product overview
The SafEye Quasar 950/960 UV Open-Path Gas Reciever employs an advanced Xenon UV
Transmitter and integrated electronics package, both of which are encased in improved
stainless steel housings, which provide high quality and performance, fast response, and
line-of-sight gas monitoring. The transmitter/receiver is backed by a 3-year warranty.
The Quasar 950/960 is manufactured only from stainless steel, with a heated optical
window to improve performance in ice, snow, and condensation conditions. The
programmable functions are available through a RS-485 or HART® port used with host
software supplied by SPECTREX, and a standard PC or IS handheld unit.
The Quasar Transmitter and Receiver unit enclosures are ATEX and IECEx approved. They
are Exd flameproof with an integral segregated rear, and an Exe terminal compartment,
which avoids exposure of the sensors and electronics to the surrounding environment. The
receiver also has a plug interface for connection to a handheld PC or HART unit, which
meets intrinsically safe standards.
This manual provides a full description of the system and its features. It includes
instructions on the installation, operation, and maintenance of the receiver.
•To use the WinHost software to change the required functions, and for a description of
its maintenance, please refer to Manual TM899050 for instructions.
•To use the HART Protocol to change the required functions, and for a description of
its maintenance, please refer to Manual TM899030. To set functions, the HART can be
connected on the 0–20 mA line or through the IS port.
The SafEye Quasar 950/960 detects and monitors toxic gases, such as H2S, NH3 and SO2,
ppm.m concentrations in the air. SafEye has a response detection time of under 3 seconds.
The SafEye system uses an open path beam of flashlight pulses that provides a long line
of sight coverage equivalent to a large number of point receivers along the path. The
transmitted beam covers a UV spectrum from 200–300 nm. The SafEye Quasar 950/960
constantly monitors for the gas through the collimated beam, over an optical path from 17
ft/5 m and up to 200 ft/60 m.
WARNING
The transmitter and receiver are not field-repairable due to the meticulous alignment and
calibration of the sensors and the respective circuits. Do not attempt to modify or repair
the internal circuits or change their settings, as this will impair the system's performance
and void the SPECTREX Product warranty.
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3 Technical description
3.1 Features
•Detection of toxic gases (H2S, NH3, and SO2) at up to 200 ft. (60 m)
•Accurate and reliable high-speed response in under 3 seconds
•Uses ultraviolet technology
•High false alarm immunity
•Solar blind and immune to industrial environments
•Strengthened reliability and durability with a massive three-year warranty
•Easy installation and maintenance
•Heated window for operation in harsh weather conditions (snow, ice, or condensation)
•Detection of a cloud of gas at very low concentrations, up to 95 percent obscuration
•User programmable via HART® or RS-485 Modbus®; compatible with modern user
interface for ease of use
•Certified performance/hazardous area approved and performance approved
•Approved to Safety Integrity Level 2 (SIL2 - TÜV)
•High reliability - MTBF-minimum 100,000 hours
3.2 Applications
The Quasar 950/960 SafEye system can be used to monitor toxic gas concentration in
various applications, such as:
•Petrochemical, pharmaceutical, and other chemical storage and production areas
•Toxic chemical storage sites and hazardous waste disposal areas
•Detection of H2S/SO2 in desulfurization processes at refineries, oil platforms, pipelines,
refueling stations, and fuel storage facilities
•Transportation depots and shipping warehouses of solvents, degreasing and cleaning
solvents
•Styrene monomer, polymers, and plastic industries
•NH3 production facilities, storage, and transportation
•Air conditioning, refrigeration, and agriculture application areas for NH3 and derivatives
•Semiconductor industry, in which NH3 concentration monitoring is required
3.3 Principles of operation
The Quasar system detects gases through dual-spectral range monitoring, analyzing the
absorption of radiation caused by gases in the atmosphere, and comparing the ratio to
background atmospheric absorption.
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3.3.1 Definitions of terms
The following list defines gas concentration measurement terms that are used in this
manual:
•TLV-TWA: The time average concentration for a normal 8-hour workday (40-hour work-
week) to which all workers may be repeatedly exposed, day after day, without adverse
effects.
•ppm: Concentration in parts per million. Defines the amount of gas molecule parts per
million molecules of common atmosphere gases.
•ppm.m: Integral of concentration in ppm multiplied by the distance in meters.
3.3.2 Spectral fingerprint
Each hazardous material is detected at a specific wavelength selected according to its
specific spectral absorption or “fingerprint.” The detection process involves 2 separate
filters: one transmitting radiation that is absorbed by a particular gas, and one that is not
sensitive to it.
3.3.3 Optical path
The presence of toxic airborne vapors, gases, or aerosols in a monitored area is detected
when the defined substance crosses/enters the optical path between the radiation
transmitter unit and the receiver.
Toxic gases/vapors present in the atmosphere cause absorption of the radiation pulse
at specific wavelengths in the optical path between the radiating transmitter and the
receiver unit. This causes a change in the signal intensity received by the receiver, which is
translated into an output related to the receiver's measuring scale.
The system analyzes the defined open path at the spectral bands specific to the materials
being monitored. The Automatic Gain Control (AGC) unit compensates for environmental
disturbances such as fog and rain through a constant comparison with its dual spectral
beam.
3.3.4 Detected gases
The following toxic gases and vapors are detected by the UV SafEye models according to
their unique spectral absorption in the UV solar blind range:
•Ammonia (NH3): A flammable and toxic gas that is highly irritant, colorless, and with a
pungent odor.
The early detection of NH3 is essential in order to prevent its toxic effects, such as
respiratory tract paralysis. In the UV band, NH3 gas has a typically strong absorption in
the solar blind range of 189–210 nm that enables its fast and reliable detection at low
concentrations.
•Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S): A flammable, poisonous gas with a characteristic smell of
rotten eggs.
H2S is heavier than air and very dangerous to humans, causing collapse, coma, or death
from respiratory failure within a few seconds of inhalation.
In the UV band, H2S has a characteristically strong absorption in the solar blind range of
189–270 nm, which enables its fast and reliable detection at low concentrations.
•Sulphur dioxide (SO2): A colorless gas with a strong odor which is produced when a
material, or fuel, containing sulphur is burned.
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Short-term exposure to high levels of sulphur dioxide may cause coughing, tightening
of the chest and narrowing of the airways.
In the UV band, SO2 gas has a typically strong absorption in the solar blind range of
200–240 nm that enables its fast and reliable detection at low concentrations.
3.3.5 UV source
The Xenon UV Source was introduced in the initial SafEye development, and was designed
to overcome false alarms, which were experienced by early generations of the open path
system. The new SafEye Quasar 950/960 employs the latest generation of UV bulbs to
provide even more power, and an extended operation life.
3.3.6 Heated optics
SafEye Quasar includes heated optics for the transmitter and receiver. To improve
performance in conditions where there is ice, condensation, or snow, the heater
increases the temperature of the optical surface by 5–8 °F / 3–5 °C above the ambient
temperature. The heated optics are configured to automatically operate when the change
in temperature requires heating (default).
However, the heated optics can be defined as one of the following modes:
•Not operated (not an option on the transmitter unit)
•On continuously
•Automatic, per temperature change (default)
See System setup.
When operated “per temperature change,” the user can define the start temperature
below which the window will be heated (default is 41 °F/5 °C). This temperature can be
defined from 32 °F/0 °C to 122 °F/50 °C. Heating stops when the temperature is 27 °F/15 °C
above the start temperature.
3.3.7 HART® protocol
The Quasar 950/960 uses the HART Protocol.
HART Communication is a bi-directional industrial field communication protocol used to
communicate between intelligent field instruments and host systems. HART is the global
standard for smart instrumentation, and the majority of smart field devices installed in
plants worldwide are HART-enabled.
HART technology is easy to use and very reliable.
Through the HART connection, the SafEye is able to perform:
•Receiver setup
•Receiver troubleshooting
•Receiver health and status
For more details, refer to the HART Manual TM899030.
HART communication can be connected on the 0–20 mA line, or through the IS connection,
with a standard handheld unit loaded with the host software and attached by a special
harness.
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3.3.8 Modbus® RS-485
For more advanced communications, the Quasar 950/960 has a RS-485 Modbus-compatible
output that provides data communication from a network (up to 247 detectors) to a
host computer or universal controller for central monitoring. This feature enables easy
maintenance, with local and remote diagnostic tools.
3.3.9 Tilt mount
The newly designed stainless steel tilt mount provides a smaller installation footprint
that can conform to limited space constraints, while the sturdy construction maintains
alignment even with constant vibration. The improved X and Y axis worm-gear adjustments
provide quick and easy alignment for installation and maintenance procedures.
3.4 Product Certification
The SafEye 950/960 Series is approved by the following certifications:
3.4.1 ATEX, IECEx
The Quasar 950/960 is approved per ATEX and IECEx certifications:
•ATEX Ex II 2(2)G D
Ex db eb ib [ib Gb] IIB+H2 T4 Gb
Ex tb [ib Db] IIIC T135 °C Db
•TAmbient –55 °C to +65 °C
This product is suitable for use in hazardous zones 1 and 2 with IIB+H2 group vapors
present, and zones 21 and 22 with IIIC combustible dust types.
3.4.2 UKCA
The Quasar 950/960 is approved per CSAE 21UKEX1174X:
•Ex II 2(2)G D
Ex db eb ib [ib Gb] IIB+H2 T4 Gb
Ex tb [ib Db] IIIC T135 °C Db
•TAmbient –55 °C to +65 °C
3.4.3 SIL-2
The Quasar 950/960 is TUV approved for SIL-2 requirements per IEC 61508.
According to SIL-2 requirements, the alert condition can be implemented by an alert signal
via the 0–20 mA current loop.
3.4.4 TR CU (EAC) - pending
1Ex d e ib [ib Gb] IIB + H2 T4 Gb X
Ex tb [ib Db] IIIC T135 °C Db X
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3.4.5 Inmetro (UL)
The product complies with Inmetro approval per the following standards:
ABNT NBR IEC 60079-0
ABNT NBR IEC 60079-1
ABNT NBR IEC 60079-7
ABNT NBR IEC 60079-11
ABNT NBR IEC 60079-28
ABNT NBR IEC 60079-31
Marking:
Ex db eb ib [ib Gb] IIB+H2 T4 Gb
Ex tb [ib Db] IIIC T135 °C Db
(–55 °C ≤ Ta ≤ +65 °C)
Certificate number UL-BR 16.1063X (Rosemount) and UL-BR 22.4058X (Spectronix).
3.4.6 CSA C/US
The Quasar 950/960 is approved per CSA C/US for hazardous and ordinary locations:
Canada USA
Ex db eb ib [ib Gb] IIB+H2 T4 Gb Class I Zone 1 AEx db eb ib [ib Gb] IIB+H2 T4 Gb
Ex tb [ib Db] IIIC T135 °C Db Zone 21 AEx tb [ib Db] IIIC T135 °C Db
Ta = -55 °C to +65 °C Ta = -55 °C to +65 °C
The Quasar 950/960 is a 'Class 1 Laser Product' per IEC 60825-1:2014 ed. 05.
3.4.7 Performance approvals
ANSI/ISA-92.00.04-2014
UL 920004: 2014
3.5 Model and types
The Quasar 950/960 is available in 3 models for each type. Each model has the same
receiver but a different transmitter. This allows for detection at distances of 5–60 m. The
various options are listed in Table 3-1.
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Table 3-1: Model numbers and installation distances
Model number Receiver Transmitter Minimum
installation
distance (ft/m)
Maximum
installation
distance (ft/m)
H2S/SO2
951 QRU-X-11X QTU-X-11X 17/5 52/16
952 QRU-X-11X QTU-X-21X 46/14 132/40
953 QRU-X-11X QTU-X-31X 115/35 200/60
NH3
961 QRU-X-21X QTU-X-11X 17/5 52/16
962 QRU-X-21X QTU-X-21X 46/14 132/40
963 QRU-X-21X QTU-X-31X 115/35 200/60
The Quasar 950/960 can be ordered as separate parts: transmitter (P/N QTU-XX1X),
receiver (P/N QRU-XX1X), and commissioning kit. Refer to Figure 3-1.
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Figure 3-1: P/N Definition of Quasar 950/960
3.6 Description
The SafEye system consists of 2 main units:
•UV source (transmitter)
•Infrared detector (receiver)
Quasar 950/960 detects gases over an open path transmitted from the UV transmitter to
the receiver.
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3.6.1 UV transmitter unit
The UV transmitter unit emits UV radiation pulses at the rate of 1 pulse per second. The
pulse width (5–10μsec) is very powerful. The front of the SafEye Transmitter has an internal
reflector that collimates the UV beam for maximum intensity. The front window is heated
to improve performance in ice, condensation, and snow conditions.
There are 3 transmitter types:
For short range 951/961 – Transmitter P/N QTU-X-11X
For medium range 952/962 – Transmitter P/N QTU-X-21X
For long range 953/963 – Transmitter P/N QTU-X-31X
Figure 3-2: UV transmitter
A. Front window section
B. Label
C. Main housing
D. Mounting plate
E. Indicator LED
F. Back cover
G. Earth terminal
H. Front window
I. Inlet conduit
J. Inlet conduit
The transmitters for models 951, 952, and 953 are the same electronically and optically.
The only distinction between them is that each receiver apparatus is suitable for a different
distance.
3.6.2 Receiver unit
The receiver receives the transmitted pulsed radiation signals from the UV transmitter.
The signals are then amplified and fed into an analog–to-digital signal converter to be
processed by the internal microprocessor. When the signals drop below a prescribed
level, the internal microprocessor compensates for them. This allows the signals to be
maintained even in severe weather conditions. The data is sent to the output interface
section.
The front window of the receiver is heated to improve performance in ice, condensation,
and snow conditions.
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The P/N QRU-X-11X receiver is suitable for Quasar models 951, 952, and 953.
The P/N QRU-X-21X receiver is suitable for Quasar models 961, 962, and 963.
Figure 3-3: Receiver
A. Front window section
B. Label
C. Main housing
D. Mounting plate
E. Intrinsically safe connector (RS-485/HART®)
F. Back cover
G. Earth terminal
H. Front window
I. Inlet conduit
J. Inlet conduit
K. Indicator LED
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