SWT BLS 400 Series User manual

Installation, Operation, and Maintenance Manual
BLS 400 Standard
REVERSE OSMOSIS SYSTEM
FEBRUARY 2023

BLS 400 Standard User Manual | Page 2 of 30
Table of Contents
Section 1: Introduction ................................................................................................................................3
Section 2: Getting to Know Your BLS RO System ..........................................................................................4
Section 3: Background Information ..............................................................................................................5
Section 4: System Specifications...................................................................................................................6
Section 5: Installation Instructions ...............................................................................................................7
Section 6: BLS RO System Controller ..........................................................................................................10
Section 8: Start-Up Procedures...................................................................................................................15
Section 9: Maintenance –Filter Cartridge Installation/Replacement...........................................................18
Section 10: Maintenance –Membrane Flush..............................................................................................19
Section 11: Maintenance –System Pressure Switches ................................................................................20
Section 12: Maintenance –Servicing the Membrane Elements ...................................................................21
Section 13: Maintenance –Sanitizing the System .......................................................................................22
BLS RO System Replacement Parts ............................................................................................................23
BLS RO System Troubleshooting ................................................................................................................24
System Flow Schematic..............................................................................................................................26
System Electrical Schematic .......................................................................................................................27
System Log ................................................................................................................................................BC

BLS 400 Standard User Manual | Page 3 of 30
Section 1: Introduction
Thank you for choosing a BLS Reverse Osmosis System! Every BLS RO System incorporates years of experienced engineering,
dedicated workmanship, and high-quality components. Each system is built with pride and ensures superior performance.
We are confident you will find this system to have quick and simple installation, hassle-free maintenance, and years of reliable,
trouble-free operation.
As with all products, the customer has the responsibility to ensure that the BLS System is operated under proper conditions and
within design limitations. All installation, startup and maintenance instructions must be followed carefully.
TO MAINTAIN THE MANUFACTURER’S WARRANTY, AN OPERATING LOG MUST BE MAINTAINED AND COPIES
WILL NEED TO BE SENT TO YOUR LOCAL DEALER OR DISTRIBUTOR FOR REVIEW.
PRIOR TO OPERATING OR SERVICING THE REVERSE OSMOSIS SYSTEM, THIS USER’S MANUAL MUST BE READ
AND FULLY UNDERSTOOD. KEEP THIS AND OTHER ASSOCIATED INFORMATION FOR FUTURE REFERENCE
AND FOR NEW OPERATORS OR QUALIFIED PERSONNEL NEAR THE SYSTEM.
DO NOT UNDER ANY CIRCUMSTANCE REMOVE ANY CAUTION, WARNING, OR OTHER DESCRIPTIVE LABELS
FROM THE SYSTEM.
INSTALLATION MUST COMPLY WITH STATE AND LOCAL PLUMBING, ELECTRICAL, AND SANITATION CODES.
DO NOT USE THIS SYSTEM TO MAKE DRINKING WATER FROM NON-POTABLE WATER SOURCES. DO NOT USE
THE SYSTEM ON MICROBIOLOGICALLY UNSAFE WATER, OR WATER OF UNKNOWN QUALITY WITHOUT
ADEQUATEDISINFECTIONBEFOREORAFTER THESYSTEM.
BLS RO SYSTEMS WILL OPERATE MOST EFFICIENTLY ON FILTERED WATER WITH A PH OF LESS THAN 6.5,
AN SDI OF 5 OR LESS, AND HARDNESS OF LESS THAN 10 GPG. IF THE SYSTEM IS OPERATED WITH LEVELS
HIGHER THAN THESE, OTHER FORMS OF PRETREATMENT MAY BE NECESSARY.
FEED WATER MUST NOT CONTAIN FREE CHLORINE, FORMALIN, QUATERNARY GERMICIDES, CATIONIC
SURFACTANT, DETERGENTS CONTAINING NON-IONIC SURFACTANT, SUCH AS ALL OR TRITON, OR
MEMBRANE ELEMENT CLEANERS OTHER THAN THOSE APPROVED FOR USE.
Safety
The Safety section of this User Manual outlines the various safety headings used throughout this manual.
(IMPORTANT) INDICATES STATEMENTS THAT PROVIDE FURTHER INFORMATION AND CLARIFICATION.
(CAUTION) INDICATES STATEMENTS THAT ARE USED TO IDENTIFY CONDITIONS OR PRACTICES THAT COULD
RESULT IN EQUIPMENT OR OTHER PROPERTY DAMAGE.
(WARNING) INDICATES STATEMENTS THAT ARE USED TO IDENTIFY CONDITIONS OR PRACTICES THAT COULD RESULT
IN INJURY OR LOSS OF LIFE. FAILURE TO FOLLOW WARNINGS COULD RESULT IN SERIOUS INJURY OR EVEN DEATH.

BLS 400 Standard User Manual | Page 4 of 30
Section 2: Getting to Know Your BLS RO System
It is important to familiarize yourself with your new BLS Reverse Osmosis System.
Pictured below is a front and rear view of the system, with the main components identified. These components will be referenced
throughout the manual. Noting their location will assist you in the startup and maintenance of the RO System.
10. Motor
11. Rotary Vane Pump
12. Manual Flush Valve
13. Pressure Regulator
14. Inlet Solenoid Valve
15. Membrane Pressure Vessel
16. Product Water Check Valve
1. System Operating Pressure Gauge
2. RO System Controller
3. Inlet Feed Water Low Pressure Switch
4. Product Water Flow Meter
5. Reject Water Flow Meter
6. Reject Water Control Valve
7. Pre-Filter Inlet Pressure Gauge
8. Pre-Filter Outlet Pressure Gauge
9. Pre-Filter Housing
THIS MANUAL COVERS THE INSTALLATION, OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE OF THE BLS REVERSE
OSMOSIS SYSTEM. IT IS IMPORTANT TO READ THIS MANUAL THOROUGHLY BEFORE INSTALLING THE
SYSTEM. FOR SYSTEMS THAT ARE EQUIPPED WITH OPTIONAL FEATURES, REFER TO THE APPROPRIATE
OPTIONAL FEATURE INSERTS, LOCATED AT THE END OF THE MANUAL.

BLS 400 Standard User Manual | Page 5 of 30
Section 3: Background Information
How Reverse Osmosis Works
In the reverse osmosis process, water is forced under pressure through a semi-
permeable membrane to reduce the dissolved mineral content of the water. The
membrane allows water molecules to pass through, but blocks/hinders the
passage of dissolved substances and suspended particles. This process reduces
the levels of dissolved salts, minerals, and suspended particles, while improving
the taste, odor, and clarity of the water.
Certain contaminants found in water are measured as Total Dissolved Solids
(TDS). Unlike the more common standard filtration systems, reverse osmosis
systems divide the feed water into two streams: product water (“permeate”) and
drain/reject water (“concentrate”). The product water is the desired outcome of
the RO System –much cleaner and fresher tasting water! The drain/reject water
is vital for carrying away the dissolved salts, minerals, and suspended particles.
Unlike conventional filtration systems, most contaminants removed from your
water are not held onto within the system, but instead flushed away.
Factors Affecting System Performance
Feed Water:The incoming water to be processed by the BLS System.
Product Water
(Permeate):
Concentrate Water
(Reject or drain water,
plus recirculation):
The portion of the feed water that has passed through the membrane element. It is the desired result
of a BLS System.
Used to describe the portion of feed water that has flowed across the membrane (not through), and
has not been converted to product water. This water now contains a higher concentrate of dissolved
solids and may also contain organic matter and suspended particles rejected by the membrane. The
concentrate is then split into two streams, reject and recirculation. The recirculated water is mixed
with the feed water on the inlet side of the pump. The reject water is sent down the drain. This design
is used to minimize the amount of water sent to drain.
Recovery:The percentage of feed water that becomes product water. The recovery rate is determined by the
number of gallons (or liters) of product water divided by the total gallons (or liters) of feed water, and
multiplied by 100.
Percent Rejection: The percentage of dissolved solids in the feed water that does not pass through the membrane. The
membrane prevents passage of dissolved solids and other contaminants into the product water.
Conductivity:The property of a substance to conduct or transmit electricity. The unit of measure is in mhos and is
commonly used to determine the purity or quality of water. In the water treatment industry, it is often
converted to PPM TDS (Parts Per Million Total Dissolved Solids).
Feed Water
Temperature:
The volume of product water increases with higher feed water temperatures, and decreases with lower
feed water temperatures. Temperatures below 35°F could crack the membrane element, and
temperatures exceeding 90°F may cause rapid deterioration. The recommended range is between 45°F
and 90°F.
Feed Water Pressure:The recommended range is between 40 PSI and 85 PSI. This is the most common range of municipal
water supplies.
Hydrolysis:The natural chemical breakdown of membrane elements when in contact with water. This breakdown
is accelerated when the water temperature is above 90°F, when the pH is not within the tolerable
range, or when hydrogen sulfide is present. Refer to the System Operating Specifications section of this
manual. Additional pre-treatment may be required in these cases.
Bacteria:RO Systems may be exposed to bacteria if operated intermittently. Following a prolonged shutdown or
storage period, the system should be sanitized. Refer to the section in this manual regarding sanitization.
Fouling or Surface
Coating of the
Membrane Element:
Fouling is a common problem with membrane elements because of salts, hardness, iron, etc. collecting
on the membrane surface. The pores and channels of the membrane element become plugged
reducing the water production rate. Pre-treatment equipment, such as a water softener, iron filter, or
activated carbon filter will reduce membrane element fouling and extend its life.

BLS 400 Standard User Manual | Page 6 of 30
Section 4: System Specifications
Operating Specifications
Production Rates: 400 GPD (0.28 GPM)*
Membrane Element: 2.5” x 21” (Qty: 1) – TFC Polyamide, High Flux
Rejection Rate: 95-99%
Recovery Rate: 50%
Nominal Flow of Feed Water During Operation: 0.56 GPM
Nominal Flow of Feed Water During System Flush: 2.1 GPM
Low Feed Water Pressure Switch: System shuts down at 15 PSI ~ System starts at 20 PSI
Product Water Pressure Switch (Optional): System shuts down at 45 PSI ~ System starts at 25 PSI
System Operating Pressure: 165 PSI
Max Product Water Back Pressure: 50 PSI
Min Pre-Filtration: 5 Micron**
*System production may vary depending upon incoming water temperature and chemistry.
**An activated carbon filter is required with chlorinated feed water.
Feed Water Parameters
Systems are designed for use with potable water sources only
Temperature: Minimum 40oF – Maximum 85oF
Inlet Feed Water Pressure: Minimum 20 PSI @ 2.1 GPM –Maximum 85 PSI
Chlorine: Maximum 0.1 PPM
Hardness: Maximum 10 GPG (Over 10 GPG must be softened)
Oil Tolerance: 0.0 PPM
Silt Density Index (SDI): 5
Turbidity: Maximum 1 NTU
pH Range: 3 to 10
Hydrogen Sulfide: Must be removed
Iron: Maximum 0.01 PPM (Dissolved Only)
Feed Water TDS: Consult Manufacturer if TDS exceeds 2,000 PPM
Max Operating Pressure: 180 PSI
Design Test Conditions
Operating Pressure: 165 PSI
Feed Water TDS: 500 PPM as NaCI
Design Temperature: 77oF(25
oC)
Design Recovery: 50%
Design Specifications
Operating
Pressure
Inlet
Conn.
Product
Conn.
Reject
Conn.
Filter
Housing
Membrane
Elements
165 PSI 3/8” FNPT 3/8” TUBE 3/8” TUBE 20" SL 2.5” x 21”
Weight and Dimensions
System Dimensions
Wgt Height Width Depth
Lbs In Cm In Cm In Cm
70 50 127 21 54 18 46

BLS 400 Standard User Manual | Page 7 of 30
Section 5: Installation Instructions
Step 1: Unpack Your BLS RO System
BLS Systems are carefully inspected, tested, and packaged. They are
shipped in proper working order and in excellent condition.
Remove the system from the shipping carton/container and inspect it
for signs of concealed damage, which may have occurred during
shipping. If damage has occurred, immediately contact the delivering
carrier and file a claim for damages.
Step 2: Select an Installation Site
Determine a desirable location for your BLS System. It should be
positioned on a hard level surface capable of supporting the entire
weight of the system. See System Specifications for approximate
weight and dimensions.
Step 3: Feed Water Supply Connection
A cold water supply source must be located within proximity to the
system. This will be the inlet feed water supply. Feed water pressure
must be a minimum of 35 PSI.
Remove the plug from the inlet side of the filter housing marked
INLET. Connect a proper minimum feed water line of 3/8” OD
tube/pipe.
DO NOT CONNECT HOT WATER LINE TO THE RO SYSTEM. FEED WATER MUST BE A COLD WATER SUPPLY.
Step 4: Product Water Connection
During the initial start-up procedure, after a membrane element replacement, or after sanitization of the system, you will want to
divert the product water line to your wastewater drain. This can be done by either installing a 3-way valve in the line or by
disconnecting the tubing to your storage tank. It is always important to divert the product water to drain for 30 to 60 minutes
of operation, because membrane elements are treated with preservative solution that should be rinsed free.
If an atmospheric storage tank is being used, a tank level float control switch and repressurization system (optional accessories) will
be required to shut the system off and to pump the product water to your application.
If a pressurized storage tank is being used, the system must be equipped with the product water pressure switch (optional feature),
which will shut the system off when the pressure in the tank reaches 45 PSI. The system will turn on again when the pressure in the
tank decreases to 25 PSI.
DO NOT INSTALL A VALVE IN THE PRODUCT WATER LINE UNLESS THE PRODUCT PRESSURE SWITCH/PRODUCT
PRESSURE RELIEF VALVE OPTION IS INCLUDED WITH THE SYSTEM. SERIOUS DAMAGE CAN OCCUR IF THE
SYSTEM IS OPERATED WITH A CLOSED VALVE.
Remove the plug from the product water outlet (marked PRODUCT). Connect a proper 3/8” OD tube/pipe to this port, but do not
connect it to the storage tank or other dispensing system right now. There will be further instructions in the System Start-Up section
regarding additional steps required, prior to connecting the storage. For now, divert this line to your wastewater drain.
Step 5: Drain/Reject Connection
A wastewater drain must be near the installation site. This will be your connection for the reject water (drain) which is carrying a
high level of concentrated dissolved salts, minerals, and suspended particles that were rejected by the membrane element.
Remove the plug from the drain water outlet (marked DRAIN) on the left-hand side of the system. Using a proper 3/8”OD
tube/pipe, connect this outlet port to your wastewater drain.

BLS 400 Standard User Manual | Page 8 of 30
AN AIR GAP CONNECTION SHOULD BE INSTALLED TO PREVENT WASTEWATER BACK FLOW.
Step 6: Electrical Connections
A grounded electrical supply of the proper voltage for your system should be near the installation site. The system will be damaged if
connected to a power source other than the voltage, phase and hertz that is specified. See the wiring diagram at the end of this
manual for the correct power connections in the control enclosure.
THIS SYSTEM MUST BE INSTALLED WITH DISCONNECTING MEANS REQUIRED AS PER ELECTRICAL CODE.
PRE-TREAT EQUIPMENT SHOULD NOT BE ALLOWED TO REGENERATE/BACKWASH WHILE THE BLS RO
SYSTEM IS OPERATING, UNLESS PRE-TREATMENT INTERLOCK SAFEGUARDS ARE USED TO BE SURE THE SYSTEM
IS SHUTDOWN.
CONNECTING THE SYSTEM TO A POWER SOURCE THAT DOES NOT MATCH THE SYSTEM POWER RATING
EXACTLY CAN DAMAGE THE SYSTEM AND VOID THE WARRANTY.
Step 7: Tank Level Float Control Switch
A tank level control switch must be connected at the TANK terminals of the system control board. The control switch must be
normally open with dry-contacts only. Please reference the BLS RO System Controller section of this manual for diagrams to help
locate these terminals.
The default configuration of your system is for a single, normally closed, tank level float control switch in an atmospheric tank
application. A jumper wire will be installed at the TANK terminals if no tank level control switch was included with your order. This
jumper can be discarded and replaced with your desired shutoff switch. Note that all switch terminals are dry contact only. Voltage
must never be applied to these connections.
If the optional high-level float control switch was specified at the time of your order, this will have been pre-installed for you.
If the optional product water pressure switch for a pressure tank application was specified at the time of your order, this will have
been pre-installed and a communication wire will be connected to the TANK terminals.
SWITCH INPUTS ARE FOR DRY CONTACTS ONLY. APPLYING VOLTAGE TO THESE TERMINALS WILL DAMAGE THE
CONTROLLER!
Step 8: Pretreatment Lock-Out Switch
If desired, the RO system controller can connect to your pretreatment equipment using the normally open PRETREAT SWITCH
terminals of the system control board. Using this feature will prevent the RO system from running during a media filter backwash or
softener regeneration cycle. This will help prevent nuisance feed water pressure fault conditions. If you do not wish to connect
pretreatment equipment, this step can be skipped.
To connect pretreatment equipment, remove the cover of the RO controller and locate the terminals labeled PRETREAT. Please
reference the RO System Controller Guide section of this manual for diagrams to help locate these terminals. Note that all switch
terminals are dry contact only. Voltage must never be applied to these connections.
Run a watertight conductor cable from your pretreatment equipment through one of the holes in the 4-port cord grip fitting. Cord
grip fittings are pre-installed at the bottom of the RO controller. A hole may need to be poked through an unused port of the gland
seal. Once the cable is thread through, secure it to the open PRETREAT SWITCH terminals. Replace the cover to the RO controller
and ensure cord grips are tightly secured.
SWITCH INPUTS ARE FOR DRY CONTACTS ONLY. APPLYING VOLTAGE TO THESE TERMINALS WILL DAMAGE THE
CONTROLLER!
Step 9: Install Filter Cartridges
Please refer to the Filter Cartridge Installation/Replacement section of this manual.

BLS 400 Standard User Manual | Page 9 of 30
Step 10: John Guest Safety Locking Clips
To ensure the highest level of reliability and system longevity, red locking clips have been installed on all John Guest tubing
connections. This will make the connections more secure and protect the system from accidental disconnects. Two extra locking
clips have been included with this manual. These should be attached at the product and drain ports of the system, after you have
made your connections.
INSTALLATION MUST COMPLY WITH STATE AND LOCAL PLUMBING, ELECTRICAL, AND SANITATION CODES.
THIS SYSTEM IS NOT FOR NON-POTABLE WATER SOURCES. DO NOT USE ON MICROBIOLOGICALLY UNSAFE
WATER OR WATER OF UNKNOWN QUALITY WITHOUT ADEQUATE DISINFECTION BEFORE OR AFTER THE
SYSTEM.
BLS RO SYSTEMS WILL OPERATE MOST EFFICIENTLY ON FILTERED WATER WITH A PH OF LESS THAN 6.5,
AN SDI OF 5 OR LESS, AND HARDNESS OF LESS THAN 10 GPG. IF THE SYSTEM IS OPERATED WITH LEVELS
HIGHER THAN THESE, OTHER FORMS OF PRETREATMENT ARE REQUIRED. FEED WATER MUST NOT CONTAIN
FREE CHLORINE, FORMALIN, QUATEMARY GERMICIDED, CATIONIC SURFACTANT, DETERGENTS
CONTAINING NON-IONIC SURFACTANT, SUCH AS ALL OR TRITON, OR MEMBRANE ELEMENT CLEANERS,
OTHER THAN THOSE APPROVED FOR USE.
PRIOR TO THE START-UP OF SYSTEM, VISUALLY INSPECT THE INLET, DRAIN, AND PRODUCT WATER
CONNECTIONS COMPLETELY. ALSO, CHECK TO BE SURE THE SYSTEM IS CONNECTED TO A PROPERLY
GROUNDED ELECTRICAL POWER SUPPLY WITH THE APPROPRIATE VOLTAGE, PHASE, AND HERTZ.

BLS 400 Standard User Manual | Page 10 of 30
Section 6: BLS RO System Controller
BE SURE TO READ THE RO CONTROLLER SECTION CAREFULLY BEFORE ATTEMPTING TO OPERATE THIS BLS
RO SYSTEM, AND BEFORE CHANGING ANY CONTROLLER SETTINGS. DO NOT ATTEMPT TO CHANGE ANY
CONTROLLER SETTINGS WITHOUT CAREFULLY READING AND UNDERSTANDING THIS SECTION OF THE MANUAL.
Every BLS Series model is equipped with a Reverse Osmosis System Controller. This state-of-the-art controller will provide advanced,
automatic control functions and LED status light indicators. The LED indicators will offer instant feedback on the current state and
status of your RO system (e.g. tank full, low inlet pressure, pretreat lockout, and more!).
The RO controller’s program settings are the following:
PROGRAM 2: NO FLUSH (FOR BLS 400-2400 STANDARD MODELS)
 Upon system startup, the solenoid valve opens and water line pressure will run through the system. After the
pump start delay for 10 seconds of line pressure flow, the pump will start for normal system operation.

BLS 400 Standard User Manual | Page 11 of 30
Controller Detail
Program Selection
The RO controller is pre-installed with 4 different “programs” that are
user-selectable. See the diagram to the right for dip switch positions to
change between programs. Each program has its own set of settings for
how the BLS RO system will behave. The program settings are
identical, except for variations in the flush behavior. Please see
the Program Behavior Details section for more information on how the
different programs behave.

BLS 400 Standard User Manual | Page 12 of 30
Controller Specifications
Inputs
Tank Level Switch: (1) Normally-Closed RO Runs on switch closure
Inlet Pressure Switch: Normally-Open. Switch opens on low pressure.
Pretreat Lockout Switch: Normally-Open. Pretreat lockout is active with switch closure.
IMPORTANT: All switch inputs are dry contacts. Voltage applied to inputs will damage the controller!
Controller Power: 120/240 VAC, 60/50Hz (Range 96-264 VAC)
Switching power supply automatically adjusts the supply voltage. Voltage applied to the input is the
same voltage the motor and valves will operate on.
Relay Output Ratings
Feed Solenoid: 10A Resistive, 5A (inductive). Voltage is the same as motor/supply voltage.
Flush Solenoid:
10A Resistive, 5A (inductive). Voltage is the same as motor/supply voltage.
The solenoid relay ratings above reflect the capacity of the relays only. The current capacity of each
circuit is 2A.
Motor: Up to 1.0 HP @ 120V
Up to 2.0 HP @ 240V
Circuit Protection
Controller Power Fuse: F1 5x20mm 1/8 (0.125) Amp LittleFuse 0218.125MXP
IMPORTANT: Branch circuit protection, motor and valve protection must be provided externally.
Other
Dimensions: 7” tall, 5” wide, 2.375” deep. Nema 4X Polycarbonate Enclosure
Weight: 1.1 lbs
Environment: 0-50°C, 10-90%RH (non-condensing)
SWITCH INPUTS ARE FOR DRY CONTACTS ONLY. APPLYING ANY VOLTAGE TO THESE TERMINALS WILL DAMAGE
THE CONTROLLER!

BLS 400 Standard User Manual | Page 13 of 30
Program Behavior Details
Program 1: High Pressure Flush, Short Interval & Start-Up
A high pressure flush occurs every 2 hours (120 minutes) of operation for 30 seconds. A 30 second high pressure
flush will also occur at system start-up. The RO pump will run during high pressure flush cycles.
Program 2: No Flush **FOR BLS 400-2400 STANDARD MODELS**
All flush cycles are disabled.
Program 3: High Pressure Flush, Start-Up
A 30 second high pressure flush will occur at system start-up. The RO pump will run during high pressure flush
cycles.
Program 4: Low Pressure Flush, Start-Up
A 30 second low pressure flush will occur at system start-up. The RO pump will NOT run during low pressure flush
cycles.
Parameter Value Program 1
**MFG**
*DEFAULT*
Program 2
Program 3 Program 4
Tank Full Switch Delay (actuation and de-actuation) Seconds 2 2 2 2
Low Pressure Switch Delay (actuation and de-actuation) Seconds 2 2 2 2
Pre-Treat Switch Delay (actuation and de-actuation) Seconds 2 2 2 2
Pump Start Delay Seconds 10 10 10 10
Inlet Solenoid Stop Delay Seconds 1 1 1 1
Pump Start Retry Interval (restart delay after LP fault) Seconds 60 60 60 60
Low Pressure Fault Shutdown, Number of Faults Faults 5 5 5 5
Low Pressure Fault Shutdown, Timespan to Count Faults Minutes 10 10 10 10
Low Pressure Fault Shutdown, Reset After Shutdown Minutes 60 60 60 60
Low Pressure Timeout Fault Seconds 60 60 60 60
FLUSH BEHAVIORS 
Startup Flush: Minutes from last flush Minutes 0 0 0 0
Startup Flush: Duration Seconds 30 0 30 30
Periodic Flush: Interval Minutes 120 0 0 0
Periodic Flush: Duration Seconds 30 0 0 0

BLS 400 Standard User Manual | Page 14 of 30
Program Parameters Explained
Parameter Explanation
Tank Full Switch Delay
(actuation and de-actuation)
This specifies the time that the Product Water Pressure Switch must be closed or open
before the controller accepts it as a valid condition. The purpose is to prevent nuisance
tripping of the RO system, especially in small or turbulent tanks.
Low Pressure Switch Delay
(actuation and de-actuation)
This specifies the time that the Inlet Low Pressure Switch must be closed or open before
the controller accepts it as a valid condition. Since pressure switches usually have built-in
hysteresis this value is set to 0.
Pre-Treat Switch Delay
(actuation and de-actuation)
This specifies the time that the pre-treat switch must be OPEN before the controller
accepts it as a valid condition.
Pump Start Delay On RO system start-up, after the Product Water Pressure Switch is open, the Inlet
Solenoid Valve is energized. When the Inlet Pressure Switch closes, the “Pump Start
Delay” begins. If the pressure switch remains closed, the pump will start after the
specified seconds. The purpose is to ensure that the Inlet Solenoid Valve is open and that
water is flowing through the system on pump startup.
Inlet Solenoid Stop Delay This value sets the delay for the Inlet Solenoid Valve to be de-energized following the de-
energizing of the motor/pump on RO system shutdown. The purpose is to prevent the
pump from operating against closed suction as the pump spins down.
Pump Start Retry Interval
(restart delay after LP fault)
When the Inlet Low Pressure Switch opens, the controller turns off the motor and leaves
the Inlet Solenoid Valve open. The controller will continue to monitor the Inlet Low
Pressure Switch. After the switch is closed for the duration of the “Pump Start Retry
Interval” the motor is re-energized.
Low Pressure Fault Shutdown,
Number of Faults
These three values work together to determine how the RO system handles low inlet
pressure fault conditions. The first two values (“Number of Faults” and “Timespan to
Count Faults”) set the limit for the how many low-pressure faults can occur over the
specified timespan, before the RO system goes into a “Low Pressure Fault Shutdown.”
The third value sets the duration of the “Low Pressure Fault Shutdown” which is the
period that the RO system will remain idle before trying to restart. The purpose of the
Low Pressure Fault Shutdown is to prevent the RO system from turning OFF/ON
repeatedly without any limit.
Low Pressure Fault Shutdown,
Timespan to Count Faults
Low Pressure Fault Shutdown,
Reset After Shutdown
Low Pressure Timeout Fault If the Inlet Solenoid Valve is open, but the pressure isn’t sufficient to close the Inlet Low
Pressure Switch, the RO system would run indefinitely on line pressure. This value sets
the time limit for the RO system to operate with the Inlet Solenoid Valve open with Low
Pressure, as indicated by an open Inlet Low Pressure Switch before a Low Pressure Fault
is added to the counter above.
FLUSH BEHAVIORS 
Startup Flush: Minutes from last flush The number of minutes that must pass from the last flush before a flush will occur on
startup.
Startup Flush: Duration The number of seconds the system will flush during a Startup Flush.
Periodic Flush: Interval The number of minutes that must pass before a Periodic Flush will occur. Flush cycle will
repeat after the specified time.
Periodic Flush: Duration The number of minutes the system will flush during a Periodic Flush.

BLS 400 Standard User Manual | Page 15 of 30
Section 8: Start-Up Procedures
Step 1: Installation Follow-Up
1. Visually inspect the water connections.
2. Be sure filter cartridges have been installed.
3. Confirm connection to the proper power source.
NOTE: The membrane element(s) will have been installed in the system during the final testing procedures unless other
arrangements have been made with the manufacturer.
Step 2: RO System Pretreatment
A water analysis of your feed water should have been performed to determine what type of pretreatment may be required. See
Feed Water Parameters for this system before operating this system.
Step 3: Read Section on the RO System Controller
It is important to read the BLS RO System Controller section carefully before attempting to operate this BLS RO System, and
before changing any controller settings.
Step 4: Divert Product Water to Drain
Upon initial system start-up, or after changing membrane elements, it is important to divert all product water to a wastewater drain
for approximately 30 to 60 minutes. Membrane elements are treated with a preservative solution and should be thoroughly
rinsed clean before water is retained for use. This can be done either by installing a 3-way valve in the product water line or by
diverting your product water line to drain. Do not connect the product water line to a storage tank at this time.
Step 5: Startup the System
1. Turn on the inlet feed water supply source, allowing water to enter the system.
2. Manually adjust (counter-clockwise) the Reject Water Control Valve to the fully open position.
3. Hold the POWER icon key on the RO controller. The inlet solenoid valve will open, and the pump will start after a short
delay.
THE INLET SOLENOID VALVE IS A SAFETY DEVICE THAT IS USED TO PREVENT WATER FLOW THROUGH THE
SYSTEM WHEN IT IS NOT IN OPERATION. LOW INLET FEED WATER FLOW AND LOW PRESSURE CAN RESULT IN
DAMAGE TO THE PUMP, MOTOR, AND/OR MEMBRANE ELEMENT. WHEN THE SYSTEM IS TURNED ON, THE
SOLENOID VALVE AUTOMATICALLY OPENS. THE VALVE WILL CLOSE WHEN THE SYSTEM IS TURNED OFF. THE
SYSTEM WILL ONLY START IF THERE IS SUFFICIENT FEED WATER FLOW AND PRESSURE (MIN 35 PSI).
Step 6: System Flush
Allow the system to operate for 30 to 60 minutes to properly flush the RO membranes of their preservation solution. Please note
that there are two different ways to execute a membrane flush, based on the model of your RO system:
“Standard” Models
All “STD” models are equipped with a manual flush valve. To perform a membrane flush, turn this valve to the open position and
allow the system to flush for the desired amount of time. Note that this manual flush valve must be in the closed position during
system operation.
“Optimum” Models
All “OPTI” models are equipped with an automatic flush solenoid valve. A 1-minute automatic membrane flush is pre-programmed
to initiate each time the system starts and stops. The membrane flush type, frequency, and duration is pre-programmed to the
Manufacturer’s default settings. Please see the BLS RO System Controller section of this manual for more information on the default
settings. Note that a manual flush can be initiated by power cycling the RO system or by temporarily opening the reject control
valve completely.

BLS 400 Standard User Manual | Page 16 of 30
Step 7: Adjust System Pressure and Flow Rates
NEVER ALLOW THE BLS RO SYSTEM PRESSURE TO EXCEED 185 PSI.
The BLS 400-2400 RO systems were designed to operate at 50% recovery. This may vary depending on your feed water conditions
and/or application. Adjust the Reject Water Control Valve and Pressure Regulator, while monitoring the Reject Water Flow
Meter, Product Water Flow Meter, and System Operating Pressure Gauge. You will need to adjust the Reject Water Control
Valve and Pressure Regulator to balance and maintain the 50% product water recovery flow rate. Refer to the GPM flow rates listed
below as a guideline.
NOTE: These flow rates should only be used as a guideline! They have been determined based on the Standard Test Conditions.
Actual flow rates should be determined based on your specific site conditions.
THE MAXIMUM PRODUCT WATER FLOW RATES AND ASSOCIATED REJECT WATER FLOW RATES FOR THE BLS
400-2400 SERIES ARE SHOWN BELOW. REDUCE THE SYSTEM OPERATING PRESSURE, IF REQUIRED, BY
ADJUSTING THE PRESSURE REGULATOR TO MAINTAIN THE MAXIMUM PRODUCT WATER FLOW RATE AND
THE ASSOCIATED REJECT WATER FLOW RATE.
*BLS 400 Models: 0.28 GPM Reject Water
0.28 GPM Product Water
*BLS 1900 Models 1.32 GPM Reject Water
1.32 GPM Product Water
*BLS 800 Models: 0.56 GPM Reject Water
0.56 GPM Product Water
*BLS 2400 Models 1.67 GPM Reject Water
1.67 GPM Product Water
*BLS 950 Models: 0.66 GPM Reject Water
0.66 GPM Product Water
Record all operating parameters on the System Log Sheet, located at the end of this manual. Product and reject water flow rates can
be read directly from the flow meters and will become a reference point for future system performance evaluations.
THE GALLONS PER DAY OF PRODUCT WATER PRODUCED WILL VARY AT EACH INSTALLATION BASED ON THE
FEED WATER TDS, FEED WATER TEMPERATURE, AND THE BACK PRESSURE ON THE SYSTEM. THE PURPOSE OF
RECORDING THE DATA ON THE SYSTEM LOG SHEET AT START-UP IS TO HAVE A REFERENCE POINT TO
EVALUATE SYSTEM PERFORMANCE DURING THE LIFE OF THE MEMBRANE ELEMENT(S).
Step 8: Connect RO System to Storage Tank
After 30-60 of system flushing, press the POWER key on the RO controller to stop the system. Connect the product water line to your
storage tank. Once product water line is connected to the storage tank, POWER the system back on. The RO system will now
automatically run based on the tank full switch.
Step 9: Check Pressure Switches
An inlet feed water low pressure switch is installed on this BLS RO system. It is preset at the factory to cut-out at feed water
pressure below 15 PSI and cut-on at pressure above 20 PSI. Its purpose is to prevent damage to the RO system’s pump and/or motor
if there is inadequate feed water flow or pressure. The following steps are to verify that it is functioning properly:
1. Slowly decrease the inlet feed water supply by closing an installed manual feed water shut-off valve, while watching the
Pre-Filter Outlet Pressure Gauge.
2. If you hear the pressure switch open (a quiet, but audible "click"), when the pressure drops to about 15 PSI, then the inlet
pressure switch is functioning correctly. After a short nuisance delay, the RO system will go into a pressure fault shutdown.
3. If it is not functioning correctly, please see the System Pressure Switches section of this manual for more information.
If your RO system is equipped with the optional Product Water Pressure Switch, please refer to the Maintenance – System Pressure
Switches section of this manual to verify its setpoints and proper function.

BLS 400 Standard User Manual | Page 17 of 30
Step 10: Final Inspection
Congratulations on the successful installation of your new BLS RO system! We hope it supplies you with many years of reliable
operation and trouble-free maintenance. Once all start-up and installation procedures have been completed, please visually inspect
all water connections and system readings for proper operation. All connections should be tight, secure, and leak-free.
WHEN HUMIDITY IS HIGH, EXPECT CONDENSATION TO FORM ON THE PARTS OF THE SYSTEM WHICH
CONTAIN COLD WATER.
FREQUENTLY CHECK THE SYSTEM FOR ANY LEAKS THAT MAY DEVELOP OVER TIME.
A WATER SOFTENER SHOULD NOT BE ALLOWED TO REGENERATE WHILE THE BLS RO SYSTEM IS
OPERATING, UNLESS SAFEGUARDS ARE USED TO BE SURE THE SYSTEM IS SHUT-DOWN OR OPERATING ON
AN ALTERNATE SOURCE OF SOFTENED WATER. TERMINALS FOR SHUTTING DOWN THE SYSTEM DURING
SOFTENER REGENERATION ARE PROVIDED. A NORMALLY CLOSED CONTACT FROM THE SOFTENER
CONTROLLER CAN BE WIRED TO THE PRETREAT TERMINALS IN THE RO CONTROLLER. BYPASSING THE WATER
SOFTENER AND FEEDING HARD WATER DIRECTLY TO THE BLS RO SYSTEM WILL CAUSE PREMATURE
FOULING OF THE MEMBRANE ELEMENT.

BLS 400 Standard User Manual | Page 18 of 30
Section 9: Maintenance – Filter Cartridge Installation/Replacement
UPON THE PURCHASE OF A NEW BLS RO SYSTEM, THE SEDIMENT FILTER CARTRIDGE HAS BEEN
PACKAGED LOOSE INSIDE THE SYSTEM’S CARTON. IT MUST BE INSTALLED PRIOR TO START-UP. NOTE THAT
THE MEMBRANE ELEMENT(S) HAVE BEEN PRE-INSTALLED BY THE MANUFACTURER DURING THE FINAL
TESTING PROCEDURES, UNLESS OTHER ARRANGEMENTS HAVE BEEN MADE.
Filter cartridges have a limited service life and should be replaced if you
experience noticeable changes in product water taste, color, odor, or flow
rate. On average, filter cartridges should be replaced about every 3-6
months. Your BLS RO system is also equipped with pre-filter inlet
and pre-filter outlet pressure gauges. An increase in the
pressure difference of 10-12 PSI between the two gauges is an indication
that the filter cartridge may need to be replaced.
1. Ensure feed water supply is turned OFF and that the RO system is
shutdown.
2. Relieve all pressure from the system by opening the Reject Water
Valve and pressing the pressure relief button on top of the pre-
filter housing.
3. Disconnect the main power supply
4. Unscrew the filter housing sump by turning clockwise. Locate and
remove the large o-ring; wipe clean and set aside. It is common
for the o-ring to lift out of the sump and stick to the cap. If the
o-ring appears to be damaged or crimped, it must be replaced.
5. If you are doing a routine maintenance change of the filter
cartridge, remove and dispose the old cartridge. It is also
recommended that the sump be properly rinsed clean at this
time. To sanitize the sump, fill it 1/3 full of water and add about
two tablespoons of original household bleach. Gently scrub the
cap and housing with a non-abrasive cloth. Observe the
precautions printed on the bleach container. Rinse thoroughly
when finished.
6. Ensure o-rings are lubricated with a food grade silicone or
glycerin. Place o-rings back into the groove in the sumps and smooth into place with your fingers. This step is important to
ensure a proper watertight seal.
7. Remove packaging from the new filter cartridge and place inside the sump. Make sure the filter is seated properly over the
standpipe at the bottom of the sump.
8. Replace the filter sump on the filter housing cap. DO NOT OVER TIGHTEN. If your system has multiple pre-filter housings,
make sure the correct filter is replaced in the correct position. See system labels and the Getting To Know Your System
section of this manual for more information.
9. Reconnect the main power supply.
10. Turn on the feed water supply and allow the system to fill with water.
11. Hold the Power icon button located on the face of the RO System Controller to restart the system.
12. Check for leaks.
13. Flush the system for a minimum of 5 minutes while diverting the product water to the drain.
BEFORE PERFORMING ANY MAINTENANCE ON YOUR BLS RO SYSTEM, ALWAYS DISCONNECT THE POWER
SUPPLY!
IT IS IMPORTANT THAT THE O-RING BE PROPERLY SEATED EACH TIME THE FILTER HOUSING IS REASSEMBLED
OR REMOVED. USE ONLY FOOD GRADE SILICONE OR GLYCERIN TO LUBRICATE THE O-RINGS. DO NOT USE A
PETROLEUM-BASED PRODUCT SUCH AS VASELINE.
THE MANUFACTURER OF THE FILTER HOUSING RECOMMENDS THAT THE FILTER SUMP OF ALL PLASTIC
HOUSINGS BE REPLACED EVERY FIVE YEARS FOR A CLEAR SUMP AND EVERY TEN YEARS FOR AN OPAQUE
SUMP. DATE THE BOTTOM OF ANY NEW OR REPLACEMENT SUMP TO INDICATE THE NEXT RECOMMENDED
REPLACEMENT DATE.

BLS 400 Standard User Manual | Page 19 of 30
Section 10: Maintenance – Membrane Flush
The Manual Flush Valve is only equipped on the Standard BLS models. It is recommended to open this valve at least once weekly for
5 to 10 minutes to help flush away buildup on the membrane elements. The duration and cycle of this flush can be adjusted based on
varying feed water conditions and applications.
The Automatic Membrane Flush Solenoid Valve is only equipped on the Optimum BLS models. The flush mode is factory set to run
the RO pump with the Inlet Solenoid Valve and Flush Solenoid Valve open, for 60 seconds upon system startup and shutdown. These
settings can be adjusted based on varying feed water conditions and applications. Please review the BLS RO System
Controller section for more information.

BLS 400 Standard User Manual | Page 20 of 30
Section 11: Maintenance – System Pressure Switches
Inlet Low Pressure Switch
System preset to cut OFF at inlet pressure below 15 PSI.
System preset to cut ON at inlet pressure above 20 PSI.
An Inlet Low Pressure Switch is installed on every BLS
Reverse Osmosis system. The purpose of this switch is to
prevent damage to the pump and/or motor if there is
inadequate feed water flow or pressure.
Verifying Set-Point of Inlet Low Pressure Switch
To verify the setting, slowly decrease the inlet feed water
supply by slowly closing the manual inlet shut-off valve while
watching the pre-filter outlet pressure gauge. If the system
shuts down when the pressure drops to approximately 15 PSI,
then the Inlet Low Pressure Switch is functioning correctly.
DISCONNECT THE POWER ANY TIME THE
COVER IS REMOVED FROM A PRESSURE
SWITCH.
Adjusting the Inlet Low Pressure Switch Set Point
If it is not set correctly, disconnect the power from the
System and remove the black plastic cover of the pressure
switch labeled “Inlet Low Pressure Switch.” There are two
screws for adjusting the switch settings. Do not adjust the
plastic screw. Turn the brass screw clockwise to increase
both the cut-in and cut-out pressure. Turn it counter
clockwise to decrease both the cut-in and cut-out pressure.
Turn the screw one half turn only. Temporarily replace the
cover, reconnect the power and recheck the setting. Repeat
as required.
Identifying a Broken Low Pressure Switch
Simply, close the inlet feed water valve, and if the System
does not shut down, the pressure switch needs replacing.
Product Water Pressure Switch
System preset to cut OFF at product pressure above 45 PSI.
System preset to cut ON at product pressure below 25 PSI.
A Product Water Pressure Switch is available as an
Optional feature on every BLS Reverse Osmosis
system. Its purpose is to stop and start the BLS RO system
when a pressurized storage tank is used.
Verifying Set-Point of Product Water Pressure Switch
You will need a ball valve and pressure gauge (0-100 psi)
assembly with a tube connection the size of the RO system
product tubing. You will also need a container to catch the
product water.
Disconnect the power from the System. Close the pressurized
storage tank shut-off valve. Open a valve downstream of the
pressurized storage tank to relieve the pressure from the
system. Disconnect the tubing from the tank shut-off valve.
Connect the ball valve/pressure gauge assembly to this
tubing. Open the ball valve and put it into the container.
Close the downstream valve. Reconnect the power to the RO
system. Slowly close the new ball valve. If the RO system
shuts down when the pressure gauge reaches approximately
45 PSI, the Product Water Pressure Switch is functioning
correctly.
DISCONNECT THE POWER ANY TIME THE
COVER IS REMOVED FROM A PRESSURE
SWITCH.
Adjusting the Product Water Pressure Switch
If it is not set correctly, disconnect the power to the RO
system and remove the black plastic cover of the pressure
switch labeled “Product Water Pressure Switch.” There are
two screws for adjusting the switch settings. Do not adjust
the plastic screw. Turn the brass screw clockwise to increase
both the cut-in and cut-out pressure. Turn it counter
clockwise to decrease both the cut-in and cut-out pressure.
Turn the screw one half turn only. Temporarily replace the
cover, reconnect the power and recheck the setting. Repeat
as required. When the Product Water Pressure Switch is set,
reinstall the cover and tighten the locking screw. Disconnect
the power, remove the ball valve or ball valve/pressure gauge
assembly, reconnect the System and open the tank shut-off
valve.
Identifying a Broken Product Water Pressure Switch
If the system does not shut down when the pressurized
storage tank is full, the Product Water Pressure Switch needs
replacing. If your system is equipped with a relief valve below
the switch, it should also be expected to open and leak/spray
water if the product water pressure becomes too high.