Toshiba A20-S259 - Satellite - Pentium 4 2.66 GHz User manual

Toshiba Personal Computer
Satellite A20 Series
Maintenance Manual
TOSHIBA CORPORATION
File Number 960-444

ii Satellite A20 Maintenance Manual (960-444)
Copyright
© 2003 by Toshiba Corporation. All rights reserved. Under the copyright laws, this manual cannot
be reproduced in any form without the prior written permission of Toshiba. No patent liability is
assumed with respect to the use of the information contained herein.
Toshiba Personal Computer Satellite A20 Series Maintenance Manual
First edition May 2003
Disclaimer
This manual has been validated and reviewed for accuracy. The instructions and descriptions it
contains are accurate for the TOSHIBA A20 Series Portable Personal Computer at the time of this
manual's production. However, succeeding computers and manuals are subject to change without
notice. TOSHIBA assumes no liability for damages incurred directly or indirectly from errors,
omissions or discrepancies between the computer and the manual.
Trademarks
Intel, Intel SpeedStep and Pentium are trademarks or registered trademarks of Intel Corporation or
its subsidiaries in the United States and other countries/regions.
Windows and Microsoft are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation.
Photo CD is a trademark of Eastman Kodak.
Bluetooth is a trademark owned by its proprietor and used by TOSHIBA under license.

Satellite A20 Maintenance Manual (960-444)iii
Preface
This maintenance manual describes how to perform hardware service maintenance for the Toshiba
Personal Computer Satellite A20 Series, referred to as A20 Series in this manual.
The procedures described in this manual are intended to help service technicians isolate faulty Field
Replaceable Units (FRUs) and replace them in the field.
SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
Four types of messages are used in this manual to bring important information to your attention.
Each of these messages will be italicized and identified as shown below.
DANGER: “Danger” indicates the existence of a hazard that could result in death or
serious bodily injury, if the safety instruction is not observed.
WARNING: “Warning” indicates the existence of a hazard that could result in bodily
injury, if the safety instruction is not observed.
CAUTION: “Caution” indicates the existence of a hazard that could result in property
damage, if the safety instruction is not observed.
NOTE: “Note” contains general information that relates to your safe maintenance
service.
Improper repair of the computer may result in safety hazards. Toshiba requires service technicians
and authorized dealers or service providers to ensure the following safety precautions are adhered
to strictly.
qBe sure to fasten screws securely with the right screwdriver. If a screw is not fully fastened,
it could come loose, creating a danger of a short circuit, which could cause overheating,
smoke or fire.
qIf you replace the battery pack or RTC battery, be sure to use only the same model battery
or an equivalent battery recommended by Toshiba. Installation of the wrong battery can
cause the battery to explode.

iv Satellite A20 Maintenance Manual (960-444)
The manual is divided into the following parts:
Chapter 1 Hardware Overview describes the Satellite A20 Series system unit and
each FRU.
Chapter 2 Troubleshooting Procedures explains how to diagnose and resolve FRU
problems.
Chapter 3 Test and Diagnostics describes how to perform test and diagnostic
operations for maintenance service.
Chapter 4 Replacement Procedures describes the removal and replacement of the
FRUs.
Appendices The appendices describe the following:
qHandling the LCD module
qBoard layout
qPin assignments
qKeyboard scan/character codes
qKey layout
qWiring diagrams
qBIOS Rewrite Procedures
qReliability

Satellite A20 Maintenance Manual (960-444)v
Conventions
This manual uses the following formats to describe, identify, and highlight terms and operating
procedures.
Acronyms
On the first appearance and whenever necessary for clarification acronyms are enclosed in
parentheses following their definition. For example:
Read Only Memory (ROM)
Keys
Keys are used in the text to describe many operations. The key top symbol as it appears on the
keyboard is printed in boldface type.
Key operation
Some operations require you to simultaneously use two or more keys. We identify such operations
by the key top symbols separated by a plus (+) sign. For example, Ctrl + Pause (Break) means
you must hold down Ctrl and at the same time press Pause (Break). If three keys are used, hold
down the first two and at the same time press the third.
User input
Text that you are instructed to type in is shown in the boldface type below:
DISKCOPY A: B:
The display
Text generated by the computer that appears on its display is presented in the type face below:
Format complete
System transferred

vi Satellite A20 Maintenance Manual (960-444)

Satellite A20 Maintenance Manual (960-444)vii
Table of Contents
Chapter 1 Hardware Overview
1.1 Features.......................................................................................................................1-1
1.2 System Unit Block Diagram..........................................................................................1-7
1.3 2.5-inch Hard Disk Drive ...........................................................................................1-14
1.4 CD-RW/DVD Drive..................................................................................................1-16
1.5 DVD-R/-RW Drive ...................................................................................................1-19
1.6 DVD Multi Drive .......................................................................................................1-20
1.7 Keyboard..................................................................................................................1-23
1.8 TFT Color Display.....................................................................................................1-24
1.9 Power Supply............................................................................................................1-26
1.10 Batteries ....................................................................................................................1-28
Chapter 2 Troubleshooting Procedures
2.1 Troubleshooting ...........................................................................................................2-1
2.2 Troubleshooting Flowchart...........................................................................................2-3
2.3 Power Supply Troubleshooting.....................................................................................2-7
2.4 System Board Troubleshooting...................................................................................2-19
2.5 FDD Troubleshooting.................................................................................................2-33
2.6 HDD Troubleshooting................................................................................................2-36
2.7 Keyboard Troubleshooting.........................................................................................2-41
2.8 Display Troubleshooting.............................................................................................2-44
2.9 CD-RW/DVD, DVD-ROM, DVD-R/-RW
and DVD Multi Drive Troubleshooting........................................................................2-46
2.10 Modem Troubleshooting ............................................................................................2-48
2.11 LAN Troubleshooting ................................................................................................2-50
2.12 Wireless LAN Troubleshooting ..................................................................................2-52
2.13 Sound Troubleshooting...............................................................................................2-56

viii Satellite A20 Maintenance Manual (960-444)
2.14 SD Card Troubleshooting...........................................................................................2-59
Chapter 3 Tests and Diagnostics
3.1 The Diagnostic Test......................................................................................................3-1
3.2 Executing the Diagnostic Test .......................................................................................3-3
3.3 Subtest Names.............................................................................................................3-7
3.4 System Test.................................................................................................................3-9
3.5 Memory Test.............................................................................................................3-12
3.6 Keyboard Test...........................................................................................................3-14
3.7 Display Test...............................................................................................................3-18
3.8 Floppy Disk Test .......................................................................................................3-22
3.9 Printer Test................................................................................................................3-24
3.10 Async Test.................................................................................................................3-26
3.11 Hard Disk Test ..........................................................................................................3-27
3.12 Real Timer Test..........................................................................................................3-30
3.13 NDP Test..................................................................................................................3-32
3.14 Expansion Test...........................................................................................................3-34
3.15 CD-ROM/DVD-ROM Test ......................................................................................3-36
3.16 Wireless LAN Test (Agere) ......................................................................................3-37
3.17 Wireless LAN Test (Atheros)....................................................................................3-42
3.18 Sound/LAN/Modem Test ..........................................................................................3-45
3.19 Error Code and Error Status Names...........................................................................3-51
3.20 Hard Disk Test Detail Status ......................................................................................3-54
3.21 Head Cleaning ...........................................................................................................3-56
3.22 Log Utilities................................................................................................................3-57
3.23 Running Test..............................................................................................................3-59
3.24 Floppy Disk Drive Utilities..........................................................................................3-61
3.25 System Configuration.................................................................................................3-66
3.26 SETUP......................................................................................................................3-68

Satellite A20 Maintenance Manual (960-444)ix
Chapter 4 Replacement Procedures
4.1 General........................................................................................................................4-1
4.2 Battery Pack................................................................................................................4-9
4.3 Optional PC Card......................................................................................................4-11
4.4 Optional SD Card......................................................................................................4-13
4.5 HDD .........................................................................................................................4-14
4.6 Modem Daughter Card..............................................................................................4-18
4.7 Slim Select Bay Module .............................................................................................4-20
4.8 Cooling Fan...............................................................................................................4-24
4.9 CPU..........................................................................................................................4-27
4.10 Keyboard..................................................................................................................4-32
4.11 Memory Module........................................................................................................4-36
4.12 Wireless LAN Card...................................................................................................4-38
4.13 Bluetooth...................................................................................................................4-41
4.14 Switch Board.............................................................................................................4-43
4.15 Top Cover with Display Assembly..............................................................................4-45
4.16 Touch Pad.................................................................................................................4-48
4.17 Front Membrane ASSY.............................................................................................4-50
4.18 USB Board................................................................................................................4-52
4.19 Sound Board .............................................................................................................4-54
4.20 RTC Battery..............................................................................................................4-56
4.21 DC-IN Jack ..............................................................................................................4-58
4.22 System Board............................................................................................................4-59
4.23 Sub Fan.....................................................................................................................4-61
4.24 PC Card Slot.............................................................................................................4-63
4.25 Speakers ...................................................................................................................4-65
4.26 Touch Pad Switch......................................................................................................4-67
4.27 Display Mask.............................................................................................................4-68
4.28 FL Inverter ................................................................................................................4-70
4.29 LCD Module .............................................................................................................4-72

xSatellite A20 Maintenance Manual (960-444)
4.30 Wireless LAN Antenna/Blutooth Antenna/Display Cover............................................4-76
4.31 Fluorescent Lamp ......................................................................................................4-85
Appendices
Appendix A Handling the LCD Module .............................................................................. A-1
Appendix B Board Layout...................................................................................................B-1
Appendix C Pin Assignments.............................................................................................. C-1
Appendix D Keyboard Scan/Character Codes.................................................................... D-1
Appendix E Key Layout......................................................................................................E-1
Appendix F Wiring Diagram................................................................................................F-1
Appendix G BIOS Rewrite Procedures............................................................................... G-1
Appendix H EC/KBC Rewrite Procedures ......................................................................... H-1
Appendix I Reliability..........................................................................................................I-1

Chapter 1
Hardware Overview

1 Hardware Overview
1-ii Satellite A20 Maintenance Manual (960-444)

1 Hardware Overview
Satellite A20 Maintenance Manual (960-444)1-iii
Chapter 1 Contents
1.1 Features ...................................................................................................................... 1-1
1.2 System Unit Block Diagram......................................................................................... 1-7
1.3 2.5-inch Hard Disk Drive........................................................................................... 1-14
1.4 CD-RW/DVD Drive.................................................................................................. 1-16
1.5 DVD-R/-RW Drive ................................................................................................... 1-19
1.6 DVD Multi Drive ....................................................................................................... 1-20
1.7 Keyboard.................................................................................................................. 1-23
1.8 TFT Color Display..................................................................................................... 1-24
1.8.1 LCD Module ....................................................................................... 1-24
1.8.2 FL Inverter Board................................................................................ 1-25
1.9 Power Supply............................................................................................................ 1-26
1.10 Batteries.................................................................................................................... 1-28
1.10.1 Main Battery........................................................................................ 1-28
1.10.2 Battery LED (Main Battery) ................................................................. 1-28
1.10.3 Battery Charging Control...................................................................... 1-29
1.10.4 RTC battery......................................................................................... 1-30

1 Hardware Overview
1-iv Satellite A20 Maintenance Manual (960-444)
Figures
Figure 1-1 Front of the computer ...................................................................................... 1-5
Figure 1-2 System unit configuration.................................................................................. 1-6
Figure 1-3 System unit block diagram................................................................................ 1-7
Figure 1-4 2.5-inch HDD................................................................................................ 1-14
Figure 1-5 CD-RW/DVD drive ...................................................................................... 1-16
Figure 1-6 DVD-R/-RW drive........................................................................................ 1-19
Figure 1-7 DVD Multi drive............................................................................................ 1-20
Figure 1-8 Keyboard...................................................................................................... 1-23
Figure 1-9 LCD module.................................................................................................. 1-24
Tables
Table 1-1 2.5-inch HDD specifications........................................................................... 1-14
Table 1-2 CD-RW/DVD drive specifications ................................................................. 1-17
Table 1-3 DVD-R/-RW drive specifications................................................................... 1-19
Table 1-4 DVD Multi drive specifications....................................................................... 1-20
Table 1-5 LCD module specifications............................................................................. 1-25
Table 1-6 FL inverter board specifications...................................................................... 1-25
Table 1-7 Power supply board output rating................................................................... 1-27
Table 1-8 Battery specifications ..................................................................................... 1-28
Table 1-9 Time required for quick charges ..................................................................... 1-29
Table 1-10 RTC battery charging/data preservation time................................................... 1-30

1.1 Features 1 Hardware Overview
Satellite A20 Maintenance Manual (960-444) 1-1
1Features
1.1 Features
The Toshiba Satellite A20 Personal Computer uses extensive Large Scale Integration (LSI),
and Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS) technology extensively to provide
compact size, minimum weight, low power usage and high reliability. The computer is built
and configured to order, to best meet the customer’s needs. This computer incorporates the
following features:
qProcessor
•Intel Desktop Pentium 4Processor
The processor runs at one of the following speeds:
–2.53GHz (1.525volts) / 533MHz
–2.66GHz (1.525volts) / 533MHz
–2.80GHz (1.525volts) / 533MHz
–3.06GHz (1.525volts) / 533MHz
The processor incorporates a 12KB L1 cache memory and 512KB L2 cache
memory.
qMemory
The computer contains no on-board memory.
Two PC2100 (266MHz) compatible DDR-SDRAM slots are available for installation
of a 128MB, 256MB, 512MB or 1GB memory module, for a total of 2GB.
qHDD
Single 30GB, 40GB, 60GB or 80GB internal drive, 2.5-inch and 9.5 mm height.
qUSB FDD
A 3.5-inch USB FDD accommodates both 2HD (1.44MB) and 2DD (720KB) disks.

1 Hardware Overview 1.1 Features
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qCD-RW/DVD Drive
A full-size, CD-RW/DVD-ROM drive module lets you run CD/DVDs without using
an adaptor. It reads DVD-ROMs at maximum 8 speed and CD-ROMs at maximum
24 speed. It writes CD-R at up to 24 speed and CD-RW at up to 10 speed. A Mode
Control button turns power to the fixed CD-RW/DVD-ROM drive on and off so you
can use the drive as a stand-alone audio CD player. This drive supports the following
formats:Photo-CD, CD-EXTRA, CD-R, CD-RW, DVD-ROM, DVD-R, DVD-RW,
DVD-Video, DVD-RAM.
qDVD-R/-RW Drive
A full-size DVD-R/-RW drive module lets you record data to rewritable CD/DVDs as
well as run either 12 cm (4.72") or 8 cm (3.15") CD/DVDs without using an adaptor.
It reads DVD-ROMs at maximum 8 speed and CD-ROMs at maximum 24 speed. It
writes CD-R at up to 16 speed, CD-RW at up to 10 speed, DVD-R and DVD-RW at
single speed. This drive supports the following formats:Photo CD, CD-R, CD-ROM,
CD-RW, CD-ROM XA, CD-DA, CD-TEXT, DVD-Video, DVD-ROM, DVD-R,
DVD-RW, DVD-RAM.
qDVD-Multi Drive
A full-size, DVD Multi drive module lets you run either 12 cm (4.72") or 8 cm
(3.15") CD/DVDs without using an adaptor. It reads DVD-ROMs at maximum 8
speed and CD-ROMs at maximum 24 speed. It writes CD-R at up to 16 speed, CD-
RW at up to 8 speed, DVD-R and DVD-RW at single speed, and DVD-RAM at 2
speed. This drive supports the following formats: CD-ROM, CD-R, CD-RW, Photo
CD, CD-EXTRA, DVD-Video, DVD-ROM, DVD-R.
qKeyboard
An easy-to-use 85(US)/86(UK)-key keyboard provides a numeric keypad overlay for
fast numeric data entry or for cursor and page control. The keyboard also includes
two keys that have special functions in Microsoft Windows XP. It supports software
that uses a 101-or 102-key enhanced keyboard.
qTouch pad
A touch pad and control buttons in the palm rest enable control of the on-screen
pointer and scrolling of windows.

1.1 Features 1 Hardware Overview
Satellite A20 Maintenance Manual (960-444) 1-3
qDisplay
The following displays are available:
•14.1-inch XGA TFT screen, 1,024×768 pixels, 16M colors
•15.0-inch XGA TFT screen, 1,024×768 pixels, 16M colors
•15.0-inch SXGA+TFT screen, 1,400×1,050 pixels, 16M colors
A video controller contained on the north bridge and 4MB, 8MB, 16MB or
32MB of SMA VRAM enable an external monitor with an RGB cable to display
64k colors at a resolution of 1,600 x 1,200 pixels.
qBatteries
The computer has two batteries: a lithium-ion main battery pack and RTC battery
(that backs up the Real Time Clock and CMOS memory).
qSlot for optional memory
Two DDR-SDRAM (PC2100) slots are available for 128MB, 256MB, 512MB and
1GB memory modules, consisting of SDRAM chips.
qUniversal Serial Bus (USB)
The computer comes with three USB 2.0 ports that comply with Enhanced Host
Controller Interface (EHCI) and Open Host Controller Interface (OHCI). The USB
enables daisy-chain connection of up to 127 USB-equipped devices and 480Mbps
serial data transfer. It is designed for easy configuration by a Plug-and-Play operating
system and provides hot insertion/ejection capability.
qInfrared port
The infrared port is compatible with Fast InfraRed (FIR) standards enabling cableless
1.15 Mbps,4 Mbps, 115.2 kbps, 57.6 kbps, 38.4 kbps, 19.2 kbps or 9.6 kbps data
transfer with Infrared Data Association (IrDA) 1.1 compatible external devices.
qInternal LAN
The computer is equipped with LAN circuits that support Ethernet LAN (10 megabits
per second, 10BASE-T) and Fast Ethernet LAN (100 mega bits per second, 100
BASE-Tx).It also supports Wakeup on LAN (WOL) and Magic Packet.

1 Hardware Overview 1.1 Features
1-4Satellite A20 Maintenance Manual (960-444)
qWireless LAN (mini PCI Card slot)
In some models, a Mini PCI Card with wireless LAN functions is available as a
dealer-installed option.
The mini PCI Card for wireless LAN is compatible with other LAN systems based on
Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum radio technology that complies with the IEEE
802.11b or a/b. It supports data transfer up to 11 Mbit/s. It has Frequency Channel
Selection (2.4GHz) and allows roaming over Multiple channels. Modem + 802.11b
and modem mini PCI cards do not support wireless LAN.
qPC Card Slot
A PC Card Slot accommodates two 5mm cards (Type II) or one 10.5mm (Type III)
card, which support the PC Card Standard Release 1997 cards and are ready for
advanced cards, including PC Card 16's multifunction cards and CardBus 32-bit cards.
qSD Card Slot
The computer is equipped with anSD Card slot that can accommodate Secure Digital
flash memory cards with capacities of 8MB, 16MB, 32MB, 64MB and 256MB. SD
cards let the user easily transfer data from devices, such as digital cameras and
Personal Digital Assistants, that use SD Card flash-memory. The cards have a high-
level of security and copy protection features.
qSound system
This computer supports software sound (AC97 Audio). The sound system is equipped
with AC97 Audio, a CODEC chip, stereo speakers and jacks for headphone and
external microphone. The sound system is equipped with the following:
•Stereo speakers
•Volume control knob
•Headphone jack
•External microphone jack
•Line-in jack
qVideo out
This video-out mini-jack enables transfer of NTSC or PAL data (video and right/left
audio) to external devices such as a TV.

1.1 Features 1 Hardware Overview
Satellite A20 Maintenance Manual (960-444) 1-5
qInternal modem
The internal modem is equipped as a modem daughter card (MDC).
The internal modem provides capability for data and fax communication and supports
ITU-TV.90. In the U.S. and Canada, V.92 is supported. For data reception it operates
at 56,000bps and for data transmission it operates at 33,600bps. For fax transmission
it operates at 14,400bps. The speed of data transfer and fax depends on analog
telephone line conditions. It has an RJ11 modem jack for connecting to a telephone
line.
The computer is shown in figure 1-1. The system unit configuration is shown in figure 1-2.
Figure 1-1 Front of the computer

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Figure 1-2 System unit configuration