TXR 325D User manual

MEDICAL SYSTEMS
Technical Publication
M-2008-7-14
Operation Manual
STANDARD FREQUENCY SERIES GENERATORS
Rad Console
Contents: Models
TXR 325D
TXR 325M
TXR 425
TXR 525SFQ

¡ IMPORTANTE ! ... Protección ante los rayos-X
LOS EQUIPOS DE RAYOS-X SON PELIGROSOS PARA EL PACIENTE Y EL OPERADOR
A MENOS QUE LAS MEDIDAS DE PROTECCION SEAN ESTRICTAMENTE OBSERVADAS
Si el equipo de rayos-X no se usa adecuadamente, puede causar lesiones. Por este motivo, las instrucciones
aquí incluidas se deben leer y comprender en su totalidad antes de intentar poner el equipo en funcionamiento.
Estaremos gustosos de asistir y cooperar en poner el equipo en marcha.
Aunque el equipo está construido según las normas de seguridad más estrictas y presenta un alto grado de protección contra las
radiaciones-X, ningún diseño practico puede ofrecer una protección completa. Tampoco ningún diseño practico puede obligar al operador
a tomar las precauciones adecuadas para prevenir la posibilidad de que cualquier persona de manera descuidada, poco sensata o
ignorante, se exponga a radiaciones directas o indirectas.
Es importante que cualquier persona relacionada con radiaciones-X esté debidamente entrenada y tome las medidas adecuadas para
asegurar la protección contra posibles lesiones.
El fabricante asume que todo operador y personal de servicio autorizado para manejar, instalar, calibrar o mantener este equipo, es
consciente del peligro que conlleva la exposición excesiva a las radiaciones-X, está suficientemente entrenado y posee los conocimiento
necesarios para ello. Por lo tanto, el equipo aquí descrito se vende entendiendo que el fabricante, sus agentes y representantes
no tienen ninguna responsabilidad en caso de lesiones o daños que puedan resultar de la exposición a dichas radiaciones.
Existen diversos materiales y dispositivos protectores, cuyo uso es recomendable.
IMPORTANT ! ... X-ray Protection
X-RAY EQUIPMENT IS DANGEROUS TO BOTH PATIENT AND OPERATOR
UNLESS MEASURES OF PROTECTION ARE STRICTLY OBSERVED
X-ray equipment if not properly used may cause injury. Accordingly, the instructions herein should be thoroughly
read and understood before attempting to place this equipment in operation. We will be glad to assist and
cooperate in placing this equipment in use.
Although this apparatus is built to the highest safety standards and incorporates a high degree of protection against X-radiation other
than the useful beam, no practical design of equipment can provide complete protection. Nor can any practical design compel the
operator to take adequate precautions to prevent the possibility of any persons carelessly, unwisely, or unknowingly exposing themselves
or others to X-radiation.
It is important that everyone working with X-radiation be properly trained and take adequate steps to insure protection against injury.
The manufacturer assumes that all operator and service personnel authorized to use, install, calibrate and maintain this equipment
is cognizant of the danger of excessive exposure to X-radiation, is sufficiently trained and has the required knowledges for it. The
equipment herein described is sold with the understanding that the manufacturer, its agents, and representatives are not liable for
injury or damage which may result from exposure to X-radiation.
Various protective material and devices are available. It is recommended that such materials and devices be used.
IMPORTANT ! ... Protection contre les rayons-X
L’EQUIPEMENT RAYONS-X EST DANGEREUX A LA FOIS POUR LE PATIENT ET POUR L’OPERATEUR
A MOINS D’OBSERVER STRICTEMENT LES CONSIGNES DE PROTECTION
L’équipement à rayons-X peut provoquer des blessures s’il n’est pas correctement utilisé. En conséquence,
les instructions de ce manuel doivent être lues attentivement et bien assimilées avant de tenter de mettre en
route ce matériel. Nous serons heureux de vous assister et de coopérer à l’installation de ce matériel.
Bien que cet équipement soit construit selon les normes de construction les plus sévères et qu’il comporte un haut degré de protection
contre le rayonnement-X en dehors du rayon utile, aucune conception n’apporte une protection totale. De même qu’aucune conception
ne peut obliger l’opérateur à prendre les précautions adéquates afin d’éviter que toute personne ne s’expose ou n’expose les autres
au rayonnement sans précaution, de façon imprudente et inconsciente.
Il est important que toutes les personnes travaillant avec le rayonnement-X soit correctement formées et prennent les mesures adéquates
afin de se protéger contre toute blessure.
Le constructeur suppose que tous les utilisateurs et le personnel d’entretien autorisé à utiliser, installer, calibrer et entretenir cet équipement
est conscient du danger de l’exposition excessive au rayonnement-X, est suffisamment formé et possède les connaissances nécessaires
pour cela. L’équipement décrit dans le présent manuel est vendu sous réserve que le fabricant, ses agents et représentants ne soient
pas tenus pour responsables des blessures ou dommages qui pourraient résulter d’une exposition aux rayons-X.
Plusieurs matériels de protection et systèmes sont disponibles. L’utilisation de ces matériels et systèmes de protection est recommandée.

DECLARACION AMBIENTAL
SOBRE LA VIDA UTIL DEL EQUIPO O SISTEMA
Este equipo o sistema contiene componentes y materiales peligrosos para el medioambiente (tales
como tarjetas de circuito impreso, componentes electrónicos, aceite dieléctrico usado, plomo,
baterías, etc), los cuales se consideran y son residuos peligrosos al finalizar la vida útil del equipo o
sistema, según establecen las normas internacionales, nacionales y locales.
El fabricante recomienda que al finalizar la vida útil de equipo o sistema, se contacte con un
representante autorizado del fabricante o con un gestor autorizado de residuos para la retirada de este
equipo o sistema.
ENVIRONMENTAL STATEMENT
ON THE LIFE CYCLE OF THE EQUIPMENT OR SYSTEM
This equipment or system contains environmentally dangerous components and materials (such as
PCB‘s, electronic components, used dielectric oil, lead, batteries etc.) which, once the life-cycle of the
equipment or system comes to an end, becomes dangerous and need to be considered as harmful
waste according to the international, domestic and local regulations.
The manufacturer recommends to contact an authorized representative of the manufacturer or an
authorized waste management company once the life-cycle of the equipment or system comes to an
end to remove this equipment or system.
DECLARATION D’ENVIRONNEMENT
SUR LA VIE UTILE DE L’EQUIPEMENT OU SYSTEME
Cet équipement ou système contient des composants et matériaux dangereux pour l’environnement
(ex: électroniques cartes, composants électroniques, huile diélectrique usée, plomb, batteries, etc.),
lesquels sont considérés comme résidus dangereux en cycle terminal de vie d’un équipement ou
système, en accord avec les normes internationales, nationales et locales en vigueur.
Le fabricant recommande une fois le cycle terminal de l’équipement ou système atteint, de contacter
un représentant autorisé du fabricant ou les autorités compétentes en la matière afin d’organiser et
de gérer le recyclage adéquat de cet équipement ou appareil.

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REVISION HISTORY
REVISION DATE REASON FOR CHANGE
0 January 1, 2003 First Edition
1 August 25, 2003 Advisory Symbols
2 March 5, 2005 Tube Limit Selection Table
3 November 5, 2005 Product Classication
4 April 6, 2006 General Update
5 July 14, 2008 Added TXR 425 Model Designation
This document is the English original version, edited and supplied by the manufacturer.
All Copy including Advisory Symbols: Type Style Aerial.
The state of revision of this Document is indicated in the code number shown
at the bottom of this page.
ADVISORY SYMBOLS
DANGER ADVISES OF CONDITIONS OR SITUATIONS THAT IF NOT
HEEDED OR AVOIDED WILL CAUSE SERIOUS PERSONAL INJURY
OR DEATH.
Warning Advises Of Conditions Or Situations That If Not Heeded
Or Avoided Could Cause Serious Personal Injury Or Damage Of
Equipment.
Caution advises of conditions or situations that if not heeded or
avoided could cause personal injury or damage to equipment.
Alerts readers to pertinent facts and conditions. Notes represent
information that is important to know but which do not necessarily relate
to possible injury or damage to equipment.

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SAFETY SYMBOLS
The following safety symbols will be used in the equipment.
Their meaning are described below.
Attention, consult accompanying documents.
Ionizing radiation.
Type B equipment.
Dangerous voltage.
Ground.
This symbol indicates that the waste of electrical and electronic
equipment must not be disposed as unsorted municipal
waste and must be collected separately. Please contact an
authorized representative of the manufacturer or an authorized
waste management company for information concerning the
decommissioning of your equipment.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Section Page
1 INTRODUCTION................................................................................................1
1.1 General Features ......................................................................................2
1.2 Options ......................................................................................................2
 1.3 ProductIdentication .................................................................................2
 1.4 Certications..............................................................................................3
 1.5 Classications............................................................................................3
2 SAFETY .............................................................................................................4
2.1 General Information...................................................................................4
2.2 Responsibilities..........................................................................................5
2.3 Maximum Permissible Dose (MPD)...........................................................6
2.4 Radiation Protection ..................................................................................6
2.4.1 Adverse Effects from Material Located in the X-ray Beam ............6
2.5 Monitoring of Personnel.............................................................................7
2.6 Protection against Electric Shock Hazards................................................7
3 OPERATING CONTROLS .................................................................................8
3.1 Radiography and General Controls ...........................................................9
3.1.1 Power On/Off Switch......................................................................9
3.1.2 Work Area Selected .......................................................................9
3.1.3 Miliampere and Focal Spot Selection ..........................................10
3.1.4 KVP Selection ..............................................................................10
3.1.5 Time Selection .............................................................................10
3.1.6 Radiographic Parameters ............................................................ 11
3.2 Exposure Controls and Indicators............................................................12
3.3 X-Ray Handswitch (optional) ...................................................................12
3.4 Heat Units................................................................................................13
3.5 Self Diagnosis Indicators .........................................................................13
3.6 Error Codes .............................................................................................13
4 OPERATING SEQUENCES.............................................................................14
4.1 Start Up Routine ......................................................................................14
4.2 X-ray Tube Warm-Up Procedure ........................................................14-15
4.3 Radiographic Operation...........................................................................15
5 PERIODIC MAINTENANCE ............................................................................16
5.1 Operator Tasks ........................................................................................16
5.2 Service Tasks...........................................................................................16

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6 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS....................................................................17
6.1 Factors.....................................................................................................17
6.2 Range of Radiographic Parameters ........................................................17
6.3 Duty Cycle ...............................................................................................17
6.4 Physical Characteristics...........................................................................18

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SECTION 1
INTRODUCTION
This manual contains all the information necessary to understand and operate the Standard Frequency
Generators with Rad Consoles. It provides a general description, safety and regulatory information, operating
instructionsandspecicationsconcerningtheequipment.
This standard frequency X-ray generator is designed for general radiography. It provides all the advantages
of full wave generators including highest reliability, long life, lower repair costs, greater accuracy and
consistency.
The generator is controlled by multiple processors providing simple technique selection, exposure consistency,
efcientoperationandextendedtubelife.Self-diagnosticsmakesservicingeasy,reducingdowntime.
Allfunctions,displaysandcontrolsarelogicallyarranged,easilyaccessibleandidentiedtopreventconfusion.
Technique factors are chosen by using simple selectors and displayed on LED readouts on the console.
Illustration 1-1
Rad Console
NOTICE:Model325and425Seriesindicates50-400ma•525Seriesindicates50-500ma
The generator consists of the following essential parts.
• ControlConsole,operatorcontrolsanddisplaysforradiographicoperations.Theconsoleisdesigned
for ease of operation. It is the interface with the Power Cabinet and other related X-ray system
devices.
• HVGenerator(HighVoltageTransformer)

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1.1 GENERAL FEATURES
The main features of this standard frequency generator are:
• Standardfrequencyfullwave,operatingonsinglephaselines.
• ThreepointcontrolbyselectingkVp,mAandExposureTime,ortwopointcontrolbyselectingkVp
and mAs.
• TwoBuckyscanbedirectlyconnectedtothex-rayconsole(standard).
• Self-diagnosisindicatorsidentifymalfunctionsinthesystem.
• Tubeprotectioncircuitryprolongstubelifeandincreasessystemperformance.
• Equippedwithsaturablereactor,andspacechargeclosedloop,whichprovidesfullstablelament
energy. Proven heavy duty circuits, minimizes potential errors and the need for readjustments.
• Automaticlinevoltagecompensationduetoheavydutymagneticsandlinecompensationcircuits.
• TubeThermalprotectioncircuithelpspreventoverheatingoftube.
1.2 OPTIONS
Inadditiontothefeaturesdescribedin1.1,thegeneratorcanbeconguredtoallowthefollowingoptions:
• AutomaticExposureControl(AEC)whichaccommodatesmostpopularexposuredetectors.
• RemoteTwoStageHandswitchorFootswitch.
• RemoteWarningLightCircuits.
• RemoteSafetyInterlockCircuits.
1.3. PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION
Themajoritemsconsoleandgeneratorhavesomeidenticationlabelsattachedwhichprovidethefollowing
manufacturer and product information.
• Product
• Model
• Volts(V),LinePhases,Frequency(Hz),andPower(kVa,kW).
• Dateofmanufacture.
• SerialNumber.
• Reference.
• Manufacturer.
• PlaceofManufacture.
• Certication

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1.4. CERTIFICATIONS
This equipment meets the following Safety Standards: IEC 60601-1, IEC 60601-2-7.
This Product conforms to DHHS Radiation Standards of 21 CFR Subchapter J as of the date of manufacture.
Class 1 Device.
This equipment meets requirements of EMC/EMI and all Part 2 Standards that apply.
1.5. CLASSIFICATIONS
TheX-rayGeneratorcoveredbythisOperationManualisclassiedas:
• ProtectionagainstElectricShock:Class1–TypeB( ) applied parts.
• ProtectionagainstHarmfulIngressofWater:Ordinary.
• DegreeofSafetyinthepresenceofFlammableAnestheticsMixturewithairoroxygenorwithnitrous
oxide: Not suitable for use in the presence of Flammable Anesthetics Mixture with air or with oxygen
or with nitrous oxide.
• ModeofOperation:ContinuousOperationwithIntermittentloading.
• PermanentlyInstalledEquipment.
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SECTION 2
SAFETY
2.1 GENERAL INFORMATION
Keep this Operating Manual with the equipment at all times and periodically review the Operating and Safety
Instructions.
For continued safe use of this equipment follow the instructions in
this Operating Manual. Study this manual carefully before using the
equipment and keep it at hand for quick reference.
THE EQUIPMENT DESCRIBED IN THIS MANUAL MUST BE ONLY
HANDLED BY QUALIFIED PERSONNEL PREVIOUSLY TRAINED ON
IT.
X-RAY EQUIPMENT IS DANGEROUS TO BOTH PATIENT AND
OPERATOR UNLESS PROTECTION MEASURES ARE STRICTLY
OBSERVED.
IT IS VITALLY IMPORTANT THAT EVERYONE ASSOCIATED WITH
X-RADIATION IS FAMILIAR WITH THE SAFETY AND REGULATORY
INSTRUCTIONS CONTAINED WITHIN THIS MANUAL, IN PARTICULAR,
THE STATEMENT AT THE BEGINNING OF THIS MANUAL ENTITLED
“IMPORTANT!...X-RAY PROTECTION”.
THESE INSTRUCTIONS SHOULD BE THOROUGHLY READ AND
UNDERSTOOD BEFORE ATTEMPTING TO PLACE THIS EQUIPMENT
IN OPERATION.
Although X-radiation can be hazardous, X-Ray equipment does not pose any danger when it is properly used.
Please ensure that all service and operating personnel are properly trained and informed on the hazards
of radiation. Those responsible for the system must understand the safety requirements for X-ray operation.
Please study this manual and the manuals for each system component to be fully aware of all the safety and
operational requirements.

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2.2 RESPONSIBILITIES
ENSURE THAT ALL PERSONNEL AUTHORIZED TO USE THE
EQUIPMENT ARE AWARE OF THE DANGER OF EXCESSIVE
EXPOSURE TO X-RADIATION.
THE EQUIPMENT HEREIN DESCRIBED IS SOLD WITH THE
UNDERSTANDING THE MANUFACTURER, ITS AGENTS, AND
REPRESENTATIVES ARE NOT LIABLE FOR INJURY OR DAMAGE
WHICH MAY RESULT FROM OVEREXPOSURE OF PATIENTS OR
PERSONNEL TO X-RAY RADIATION.
THE MANUFACTURER DOES NOT ACCEPT ANY RESPONSIBILITY
FOR OVEREXPOSURE TO PATIENTS OR PERSONNEL TO X-RAY
RADIATION GENERATED BY THIS EQUIPMENT WHICH IS A RESULT
OF POOR OPERATING TECHNIQUES OR PROCEDURES.
NO RESPONSIBILITY WILL BE ASSUMED FOR ANY EQUIPMENT
THAT HAS NOT BEEN SERVICED AND MAINTAINED IN
ACCORDANCE WITH THE MANUFACTURER INSTRUCTIONS, OR
WHICH HAS BEEN MODIFIED OR TAMPERED WITH IN ANY WAY.
IT IS THE RESPONSIBILITY OF THE OPERATOR TO ENSURE
THE SAFETY OF THE PATIENT WHILE THE X-RAY EQUIPMENT
IS IN OPERATION BY DIRECT COMMUNICATION, VISUAL
OBSERVATIONS, PROPER PATIENT POSITIONING, AND USE OF
THE DEVICES THAT ARE INTENDED TO PREVENT PATIENT INJURY.
ALWAYS WATCH ALL PARTS OF THE SYSTEM TO VERIFY THAT
THERE IS NO INTERFERENCE AND NO POSSIBILITY OF COLLISION
WITH THE PATIENT OR WITH OTHER EQUIPMENTS.
TO KEEP THE ABSORBED DOSE TO THE OPERATOR AND PATIENT
AS LOW AS POSSIBLE MAINTAIN AS LARGE AS POSSIBLE FOCAL
SPOT TO SKIN DISTANCE.
PREVENT IRRADIATION OF FOCAL SPOT TO SKIN DISTANCES
LESS THAN: 45 cm (IEC 60601-1-3. CL 29.205)
SHOULD ANY INTERFERENCE (EMC) BE DETECTED WITH OTHER
EQUIPMENT, PLEASE POSITION OTHER EQUIPMENT AWAY FROM
THIS ONE.

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2.3 MAXIMUM PERMISSIBLE DOSE (MPD)
Beforeoperation,persons qualied and authorized to operatethisequipment should be familiar with the
Recommendations of the International Commission on Radiological Protection, contained in Annals Number
60 of the ICRP, with applicable National Standards, and should have been trained in use of the equipment.
For occupational exposures, the ICRP recommends that the MPD accumulated should not exceed the
following limits:
•Annualeffectivedose....................................... 50 mSv
•Annualdoseforthelensoftheeye.................. 150 mSv
•Annualdoseforallotherareas ........................500 mSv
(i.e. red bone marrow, breast, lung,
Gonads, skin and extremeties)
Theselimitsarenot easytodeneandfromtimetotimemustbeupdatedasnewinformationbecomes
available.
2.4 RADIATION PROTECTION
Because exposure to X-ray radiation may be damaging to health, use great care to provide protection against
exposure to the primary beam. Some of the effects of X-ray radiation are cumulative and may extend over a
period of months or years. The best safety rule for X-ray operator is “Avoid exposure to the primary beam at
all times”.
2.4.1 ADVERSE AFFECTS FROM MATERIALS LOCATED IN THE X-RAY BEAM
Any object in the path of the primary beam produces secondary (scattered) radiation. The intensity of the
secondary radiation depends upon the energy and intensity of the primary beam and the atomic number for
the object material struck by the primary beam. Secondary radiation may be of greater intensity than that of
theradiationreachingthelm.Takeprotectivemeasurestosafeguardagainstit.
An effective protective measure is the use of lead shielding. To minimize dangerous exposure, use such items
as lead screens, lead impregnated gloves, aprons, thyroid collars, etc. The lead screen should contain a
minimum of 2.0 mm of lead or equivalent and personal protective devices (aprons, gloves, etc.) must contain
aminimumof0.25mmofleadorequivalent.Forconrmationofthelocalrequirementsatyoursite,please
refer to your “Local Radiation Protection Rules” as provided by your Radiation Protection Advisor.
WHILE OPERATING OR SERVICING X-RAY EQUIPMENT, ALWAYS
KEEP A DISTANCE OF NOT LESS THAN 45 CENTIMETERS FROM
THE FOCAL SPOT AND X-RAY BEAM, PROTECT BODY AND DO
NOT EXPOSE HANDS, WRISTS, ARMS OR OTHER PARTS OF THE
BODY TO THE PRIMARY BEAM.

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2.5 MONITORING OF PERSONNEL
Monitoring of personnel to determine the amount of radiation to which they have been exposed provides a
valuable cross check to determine whether or not safety measures are adequate. It may reveal inadequate or
improper radiation protection practices and potentially serious radiation exposure situations.
The most effective method to determine whether or not the existing protective measures are adequate is the
use of instruments to measure the exposure. These measurements should be taken at all locations where
the operator or any portion of the body may be exposed. Exposure must never exceed the accepted tolerable
dose.
Afrequentlyusedbutlessaccuratemethodtodeterminetheamountofexposureistheplacementoflmat
strategiclocations.Afteraspeciedperiodoftime,developthelmtodeterminetheamountofradiation.
A common method to determine whether personnel have been exposed to excessive radiation is the use of
personalradiationdosimeters.TheseconsistofX-raysensitivelmorthermoluminescentmaterialenclosed
within a holder that may be worn on the body. Even though this device only measures the radiation that
reaches the area of the body on which they are worn, they do provide a reasonable indication of the amount
of radiation received.
2.6 PROTECTION AGAINST ELECTRIC SHOCK HAZARDS
ThisX-rayUnithasbeenclassiedasequipmentofType-B( ) in accordance with IEC 60601-1.
This equipment meets the following Safety Standards: IEC 60601-1, IEC 60601.2.7.
This equipment meets requirements of EMC/EMI and all Part 2 Standards that apply.
ACCORDING TO MDD/93/42/CEE AND TESTING, THIS UNIT IS
PROVIDED WITH SUFFICIENT EMC FILTERS. THE LACK OF THE
PROPER GROUNDING MAY PRODUCE ELECTRICAL SHOCK TO THE
USER.
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SECTION 3
OPERATING CONTROLS
All controls, indicators and displays located on the Control Console are ergonomically positioned depending
upon their functions. All steps contained in this section require the use of Illustration 3-1.
Use the operating controls in the manner described in this manual, any
other non-indicated combination may cause an incorrect operation of the
equipment.
Spinning Dials or not correctly seating selectors will affect the operation
of this equipment
Illustration 3-1.
RAD Console
NOTICE:Model325and425Seriesindicates50-400ma•525Seriesindicates50-500ma
1. Power On 8. TIME Selector
2. Power Off 9. MA/FOCAL SPOT Selector
3. MAS/ERROR Indicators 10. KVP MAJOR Selector
4. MA Indicator 11. KVP MINOR Selector
5. KVP Indicator 12. BUCKY Selector
6. READY Indicator 13. PREP Switch
7. EXPOSURE Indicator 14. EXPOSE Switch
1413
12
3 4 5
6
7
10 11
9
8
1
2

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3.1 RADIOGRAPHY AND GENERAL CONTROLS
3.1.1 POWER ON / OFF
ON: The generator is turned ON by
engaging the switch. This starts a
power up routine that energizes
control circuitry and all indicators
(MAS, MA and KVP).
OFF: The generator is turned OFF by
disengaging the switch.
IN THE EVENT OF AN EMERGENCY, ISOLATE THE X-RAY
GENERATOR FROM THE MAINS POWER BY FORCIBLY
DEPRESSING THE X-RAY ROOM “EMERGENCY OFF SWITCH”
(USUALLY A RED MUSHROOM-SHAPED SWITCH).
THIS SWITCH SHOULD BE LOCATED ON OR NEAR TO THE X-
RAY ROOM MAINS POWER PANEL, USUALLY PLACED NEAR THE
GENERATOR CONTROL CONSOLE. MORE THAN ONE OF THESE
SWITCHES MAY BE PLACED AROUND THE ROOM FOR GREATER
ACCESSIBILITY.
To keep this equipment calibrated and functioning properly, it must be
Electrically and Mechanically Inspected Annually or less. If anything
Irregular is noticed, notify your local service personnel.
3.1.2 WORK AREA SELECTED – BUCKY NON-BUCKY
Table or Wall Buckys or Non Buckys can be selected according to your need for particular views. If Bucky(s)
has not been installed a jumper between B1 and B2 prevents mistakenly opening the time start circuit.

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3.1.3 MILLIAMPERE AND FOCAL SPOT SELECTION
Select up to seven x-ray Tube Current in milliamperes before choosing kVp or a time station because a
change in the mA station will also change the kVp meter reading, which in turn will also change the actual kVp
potential at the X-Ray Tube. When the mA is selected for a view the focal spot is automatically selected.
The focal spot is automatically selected according to the mA Station.
The mA selections are limited by tube type which is congured by the
eld engineer during the installation.
The Focal Spot change can be done whenever the present conditions
of the X-ray Tube allow it.
3.1.4 KILOVOLT SELECTION
Using Major and Minor knobs select the required kVp for the radiographic technique. Turn both knobs
clockwise to increase and counterclockwise to decrease kilovoltage. Approximately 1 kVp Minor and 10 kVp
Major increments may be select between 50 and 125 kVp.
Never change kVp during an Exposure.
3.1.5 TIME SELECTION
The timer is a digital timing circuit that has a range of .008s to 6.0s (1/120 second to 6 seconds) in 23
approximategeometricprogressivesteps.Dependingonthemodel,thetimerisprogrammedforspecicX-ray
Tube Limits. CAUTION: If the mA Test meter or exposure indicator should read past normal time of selected
time,quicklythrowthe“EMERGENCYOFFSWITCH”andnotifyqualiedX-RayServicePersonnel.
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3.1.6 RADIOGRAPHIC PARAMETERS
RADIOGRAPHIC DISPLAYS: Are divided into three LED Displays mAs, mA and kVp where the following
data are shown.
MAS AND ERROR CODE METER
The digital MAS meter is a digital meter, which reads four conditions.
• Pre-Set MAS
• Actual computed MAS output during and at the end of exposures.
• Error Codes, preceded by the letter “E” that may be used for troubleshooting the x-ray control.
• Error Code “OL” which indicates Generator Power Limit Exceeded. Exposure is Inhibited.
MA METER
The digital MA meter is a digital meter, which reads up to seven conditions. (Depending on the model).
• Pre-Set 50 MA Small Focus
• Pre-Set 100 MA Small Focus
• Pre-Set 150 MA Large Focus
• Pre-Set 200 MA Large Focus
• Pre-Set 300 MA Large Focus
• Pre-Set 400 MA Large Focus
• Pre-Set 500 MA Large Focus
KVP METER
The digital KVP meter is a pre-reading voltmeter calibrated in kVp that displays two conditions:
• Pre-Set KVP
• Blanking Circuit to prevent exceeding minimum / maximum kVp tube limits.
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3.2 EXPOSURE CONTROLS AND INDICATORS
Radiographic exposures from the Control Console are made with the “Prep” (preparation) and “Expose” x-
ray exposure) push-buttons or with an optional handswitch. The status of the exposure is indicated by the
“Ready” and “X-ray On” indicators for the duration of the exposure.
PREP: Press the “Prep” push-button to prepare the X-ray tube for exposure. The green “Ready” indicator on
the Console will light when the X-ray tube is prepared and there are no interlock failure or system faults.
After pressing this push-button, the following functions are activated:
• Anode Rotation.
• Filament current is switched from off to the selected mA.
EXPOSE: After the “Ready” indicator is illuminated, press this push-button to start a X-ray exposure. If the
push-button is released before the generator completes the selected time, the exposure will be pre-maturely
terminated.
The amber “Exposure” indicator remains illuminated during the length of exposure.
READY: Indicates that the technique selected is properly set, there are no interlock failures or system faults,
the anode is rotating and the X-ray tube is ready for exposure.
EXPOSURE: Indicates that the X-ray exposure is in progress. At the same time that radiographic exposures
are being made, an audible signal sounds.
3.3 X-RAY HANDSWITCH (OPTIONAL)
Radiographic exposures can also be initiated with an X-ray hand switch which can be attached to the x-ray
console.
The X-ray hand switch button has three positions: “Off”, “Preparation” and “X-ray Exposure”, which operates
in the same way that “Prep” and “Expose” pushbuttons operate on the control console.
Press the hand switch half-way for “Prep” and fully for “Exp”.