UnionSpecial Columbia 100X Parts list manual

FI NE ST
S TYLES
1 00 X
l OO XA
CATALOG
No.
122M
Second
Edition
Price $1.00
ZVni.m~
L E W I S® • C 0 L U M B I A®
INDUSTRIAL
SEWING
MACHINES
CLASS 1 00
COLUMBIA
S
TREAMLINED
S ADDLE STITCH MACHINE
UNION SPECIAL CORPORATION
CHICAGO
From the library of: Superior Sewing Machine & Supply LLC

Union Special is offering two practical systems to help pinpoint and
reduce
your sewing machine maintenance costs: a record keeping
system
to helpspot machines requiring abnormally high maintenance,
and a
parts inventory system to speed routi ne repairs.
Machine Maintenance Records
Repair-prone machines
or inexperienced competent operators can eat
up
your maintenancedollarsin short order. To help spotthese problems,
Union Special suggests
two variations of a simple maintenance
record keeping system using cards provided by Uni
on Special.
The
first system utilizes a .. Machine Maintenance Record"" card
(Form 237) for each sewing machine in a plant. When a repair is
required,
the card is pulled from the file and the repair date, parts used,
and
their costareenteredinthe spaces providedand thecard isrefiled.
MACH IN IE MAI ~ AN C& RECORD
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.. -- --- .. ···
The secondsystem is normallyused when more detailed information
on repair costs is desired. Two record cards are used: a .. Repair
Request
Card"" (Form 234), and a .. Machine Repair Record .. (Form
233). When a machine requires servi ce, the forelady or foreman fills
out
the top of a "" Repair Request Card"" and gives it to a mechanic. He
fills
in the time the repair work is started, the parts used and their cost,
Part
Number
C1015 XA
22n5
1580 F-13
22743
22818
C1016 X
C1016 Y
22768
C1017 X
376
29-C150 XA
29-C151 XA
HA73 B
C2018 X-6
Description
Presser Foot, Main Section
Screw for Presser Foot
Roller
Set Screw for Roller
Screw for Roller
Feed Dog, Rubber Faced
Feed Dog, Toothed
Screw for Feed Dog
Throat Plate
Screw for Throat Plate
Eye Needle (specify size)
Hook Needle (specify size)
Needle Set Screw
Needle Guide
Minimum Quantity
Per 5 Machines
1
1
2
1
2
200
200
2
•The parts and quantit i es li sted above are i ntended to assist you in sett 1 ng up the init i al
i nventory of spare parts . An effic i ent i nventory can only be estab l ished according to
actual usage . The nature of the seWing operat i on will determ i ne actual usage.
andthecompletiontime.Thisdata is thentransferred to the perm anent
.. Machine Repair Record"" kept in the office.
Whichever system is used, management
now has an invaluabl e tool
to reduce needless maintenance costs.
Repair
Part Inventories
While record keeping tells management which machines require
abnormallyhighmaintenance,
it doeslittle to helpreduce the downtime
caused by routine repairs. To alleviate this situation, Union Special
recommends that manufacturers establish a formal parts
inventory
system for each type of sewing machine they operate.
Excessive machine downtime and wasted hours
by mechanics can
be eliminated with an orderly in-plantinventory of the most commonly
needed parts.There is no longera need to cannibali ze other machines
for spare parts. Long waits for deliveries are avoided and machine
downtime is kept to a minimum. The cost of a parts inventory is small
when the overall savings are considered.
MACHIHI: REPAIR ftKCOftD CARD
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r :: w I R
llP A IR Ra OU UT CA ft D 1-
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II II:C..O AN IC I HO -- M· --
- -- - - -- -
For free sample cop1es of the machine record cards and spare part
inventorylists
for a variety of the mostpopular machines, contact your
local Union Special Representative or write direct to Union Special.
Style 100 X-XA
Suggested Minimum Spare Parts List *
Part
Number Description Minimum Quantity
Per 5 Machines
1170 L
C1008 X
18-644
C1009 X
161470 F
61453
C1018 X
605
29484
Screw for Needle Gurde
Looper Hook
Screw for Looper Hook
Looper Needle Guard Plunger
Needle Bar Bushing Thread Guide
Take-up Spring
Thread Retainer
Screw for Retainer
Screw Assortment
Style 100 XA
C1015 XC Presser Foot
18 -758 Needle Set Screws
29 DHD-110/044 Hook Needles (specify size)
2
1
2
1
1
3
1
2
1
1
2
200
From the library of: Superior Sewing Machine & Supply LLC

October, 1977
Catalog No. 122 M
LIST OF PARTS AND INSTRUCTIONS
FOR
OPERATING AND ADJUSTING
CLASS 10 0
COLUMBIA
STREAMLINED SADDLE STITCH
MACHINE
Styles
100 X 100 XA
Second Edition
Copyright 1963
By
Union Special Corporation
Rights Reserved in All Countries
UNION SPECIAL CORPORATION
INDUSTRIAL SEWING MACHINES
CHICAGO
Printed in U.S.A.
3
From the library of: Superior Sewing Machine & Supply LLC

FOREWORD
The dominating idea back of" Union Special
11
is to build the best industrial sewing
machines in the world. The streamlined saddle stitch machines are a pronounced
achievem e nt along these lines. All parts are made to precision gauges, insuring
complete interchangeability. A few of the outstanding features are:
1. Streamlined design. Pleasing in appearance, this natural functional design
provides greater stability and ruggedness, free from difficult-to-clean recesses.
2. Simplified oiling. Automatically supplies oil to lower main shaft bearings, feed
rocker and feed lift bearings.
3. Push button control, for quick, easy adjustment of stitch length, with a stitch
length indicator of the comparison type, using letters as a means of reference,
to predetermine stitch lengths.
It is our constant aim to furnish carefully prepared information that will enable
the customer to secure all possible economies and advantages from the use of
UNION SPECIAL machines. The following pages contain valuable operating and
adjusting data and illustrate and describe the parts for Styles 100 X and 100 XA
streamlined saddle stitch machines.
Union Special representatives w~ll be found in all manufacturing centers, ready
to cooperate with you to plan and estimate requirements.
UNION SPECIAL CORPORATION
Engineering Department
4
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IDENTIFICATION OF MACHINES
Each UNION SPECIAL machine carries a styl e number which is stamped in th e
name plate on the machine. Style numbers are classified as standard and spec ia l.
Those which are standard have one or more lett e rs suffixed, but never contain th e
letter "Z ". Example: "100 X". Style numbers containing the letter "Z" are special .
Styles of machines similar in construction ar e grouped under a class numb er
which differs from the style number in that it contains no letters. Example: "Clas s
100 ".
The serial number of the machine is stamped on the back of the column at cloth
plate level.
APPLICATION OF CATALOG
This catalog applies only to the standard styl es of machines as listed herein.
All references to directions, such as right and left, front and back, etc., are taken
from the opera tor's position while seated at the machine. The direction of rotation
of the handwheel is toward the operator.
DESCRIPTION OF MACHINES
100 X Streamlined saddle stitch machine, for decorative stitching on shoes, hand-
bags or other leather articles. Needle travel 15/16 inch. Stitch range 3 1/2 to
5 1/2 per inch. Maximum recommended speed 1500 R. P.M.
100 XA Streamlined saddle stitch machine, for decorative stitchin g on medium
weight knit goods. Needle travel 15/16 inch. Stitch range 3 1/2 to 5 1/2 per
inch. Maximum recommended speed 1500 R. P.M.
INSTALLING
Each machine, as it leaves the factory, is sewed off, inspected, and carefully
packed. When the machine reaches the customer, it is ready for service. Because
of all the precautions taken by those who handle the machine, the customer needs
only to place it in its proper position in the table and make only the ordinary settings
to adapt the machine to the material he wishes to sew.
STANDARD ACCESSORIES
Included with each machine is a box of standard accessories containing one drip
pan, oil drain jar and clamp spring, one knee lifter assembly and rubber pad, one
spool pin, two hinge studs, one machine rest pin, two hinge plates and screws, four
felt pads and necessary nails. These parts are indispensable when setting up the
machine.
TABLE TOPS
MachineStyles 100 X and100 XA maybe installed in table top No. 21371 WD-48,
prepared with cut-out so that the bed plate is flushwith the top of the table. Isolated
mounting parts are included with the table top. For table tops not prepared for isola t-
ed mounting, use the felt pads and nails furnished with the accessories.
When assembling the hinge plates to the table tops, be sure to locate them a s
accurately as possible, so that the hinge studs, attached to the machine, can swing
properly in the plates.
Special care should be taken that the machine does not contact the sides of the
cut-out at any point.
5
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INSTALLING (cont i nu e d)
K NEE PRESS
The kn ee p ress is attached to UNION SPECIAL table tops at the location desig-
nat ed by punch ma r ks on the underside. For other boards, locate the knee pr e ss so
th a t t he cent er of t he shaft is 8 1/4 inches from the right side of the cut-out. Th e
kn ee press as se mbl y should appear as in (Fig. 1).
DRI P P AN
The dr ip pan is at tached to UNION SPECIAL
tabl e t ops at th e indentation marks on the in-
s ide of the cu t -ou t, using the nails furnished
with the acc e ssori e s. For other table tops,
th e drip pan should be set high enough to clear
th e kn ee press a nd low enough to clear the
bottom of the machine. It should be laterally
located so that it is directly under the base of
the machine.
BELTS
These machines are equipped to use either
No. 1 "V" or round belt.
LUBRICATION
CAUTION!!
Fig. 1
The oil has been drained from the main reservoir and the hook shaft gear case
before shipment. and these reservoirs must be filled before starting to operate.
Lubricate machine thoroughly in accordance with instructions and run slowly for
several minutes to di stribute the oil to the various parts. Full speed operation can
then be expected without damage.
RECOMMENDED OILS
Use a straight mineral oil of a Saybolt viscosity of 90 to 125 seconds at 100°
Fahrenheit in main reservoir and hook shaft gear case. This is equivalent to UNION
SPECIAL oil specification No. 175.
Oils conforming to specification No. 175 may also be used in the manually oiled
places.
For trouble free operation, oil the machine as indicated in the diagram (Fig. 2).
With needle bar at the top of its stroke, oil the holes (A) twice daily. In oiling
hole (B), very little oil should be used and only around the outer edges of the needle
bar. Do not put oil into the hole in the needle bar, as it will flow out when machine
is operated at high speed. A can of oil, No. 28604 R. is included with the accessories
packed with the machine. It contains a sufficient quantity to fill both reservoirs.
The main reservoir is filled through oil cup (C) and the supply is usually replenished
about twice a month. However, the oil level should be checked from time to time
and kept between the lines on the gauge (D).
The hook shaft gear case is filled at the plug screw hole (J). A quantity of oil
sufficient to bring the level up to the plug screw hole, when the machine is tilted
back against the rest pin, should be used. Remove plug screw and check the level
of oil about every six months.
6
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Fig. 2
7
From the library of: Superior Sewing Machine & Supply LLC

LUBRICATION ( co nt i nu ed)
AU TIO N !!
Do not u se a com p oun ded oil in th e feedin g drive shaft g ear case or hook shaft
g ear case , as th ese o il s s e pa ate and fr oth.
Lubr ic at i on of m o st of th e mechanism
be low th e bed pla te is automaticall y
acc ompli shed throu gh the fe ed drivin g
s
haft wh ic h is tubula r . Oil is introduc ed
i
nto th e s haft at th e ge ar en d by means of
an oil dis tributin g pl ate (A, Fig. 3) which
is s ec ur ed to th e la r ge ge ar case cov er
(B) by m e
an s of two sc rews (C) and
re ta i nin g blo ck (D).
Should it ever be come necessary to
re mov e an y of th e part s from the gear
ca se , it is imp e rat i ve that the adjustment
of t he oil d is tributing plate be checked
v ery c ar e full y. This can be done by re-
movin g th e lar ge plug screw at the right
e nd of th e ge ar housing and looking
c
D
Fig. 3
thro ug h th e hol e. The low point of the oil distributing plate must be even with or
s li g htl y be low th e center of shaft (E) and just touching it. This is a very important
adju s tm e nt a s the functioning of the automatic lubrication of the lower part of the
ma chi ne depe nds upon it.
The hook dr i ving mechanism, below the bed plate, is manually lubricated, and
the o il ing plac es are indicated at (H. K, L, M, N, P, and R, Fig. 2). A few drops
da il y at th ese points will be sufficient.
NEEDLES
Use only genuine UNION SPECIAL Columbia needles.
The recommended needles for these machines are Type 29 DED-110/044 eye
needle and Type 29 DHD-110/044 hook needle. The minor number following the Type
symbol indicates the size.
These needles are also available in the following sizes:
SIZE
EYE
NEEDLE
HOOK
NEEDLE
INCHES MM.
29 DED-090/036 29 DHD-090/036 • 036
29 DED-100/040 29 DHD-100/040 • 040
29 DED-125/049 29 DHD-125/049 • 049
Styles 100 X and 100 XA are set with 29 DED-110/044
29 DHD-110/044 hook needle and No. 24-4 cotton thread.
.90
1. 00
1. 25
eye needle and
To have orders promptly and accurately filled, an empty container, a sample
needle. or the type and size number should be forwarded.
8
From the library of: Superior Sewing Machine & Supply LLC

OPERA TOR'S INSTRUCTIONS
INSERTING THE NEEDLES
Insert the needles in the needle bar as far as they will go, with the spots or
scarfs to the right, and with the eye needle in the front hole and the hook needle in
the rear.
THREADING
Thread machine in accordance with threading diagram (Fig. 2).
NEEDLE THREAD TENSION
The needle thread tension is varied by turning the tension regulating nut (E, Fig. 2).
Turning the nut in a clockwise direction increases the tension and counterclockwise
decreases the tension. This should not be done when the presser foot is in its raised
position, and is generally done while the machine is sewing on a piece of scrap
material.
LENGTH OF STITCH
The showing stitch remains the same, but the space between the stitches changes
when setting for a longer or shorter stitch. The total leng'~h of stitch can be set from
approximately 3 1/2 to 5 1/2 stitches per inch.
TO CHANGE THE STITCH LENGTH
Press plunger (F, Fig. 2) in firmly. While holding plunger in, turn handwheel
in operating direction until stitch regulating finger is felt to drop into the slot of
feed eccentric. Continuing to hold the plunger in, turn handwheel in operating
direction to increase the stitch length and in opposite direction to decrease the stitch
length.
Comparative stitch lengths are indicated by the graduations on the dial (G) in bed
plate, ranging from S (short) to L (long). Release the plunger.
The stitch regulating plunger may be locked at any setting by means of the locking
screw located on the underside of the bed plate lip directly below the plunger.
Fig. 4
PRESSURE ON MATERIAL
The presser spring should exert only enough
pressure to make the work feed uniformly.
To increase the pressure on the presser foot,
turn the presser spring regulator (A, Fig. 4) in
clockwise direction. Turning the regulator counter-
clockwise decreases the pressure.
9
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MECHANIC'S INSTRUCTIONS
SETTING THE NEEDLE BAR TO HEIGHT
The low er n eedle bar bushing. the one to which the needle bar is timed. is s et at
th factory. Th e distance from the bottom of th e bushing
tothethroatplat eseat is 2.298 (2 19/64)inches(Fig. 5).
When the needle bar is in its lowest position. the
upper timing lin e on the needle bar should be even with
the lower edge of the needle bar bushing. To change the
position of the needle bar. turn the hand wheel in operating
direction until th e needle bar is in its lowest position.
then. loosen the clamp screw (A) and move the bar to
the proper timing line.
FEED DOG HEIGHT
In regulating the height of the feed dog, it should be
in its highest position with the presser foot resting on it.
When using a rubber faced feed dog, the top of the feed
should extend 3/64 inch above the surface of the throat
plate. When using the toothed feed dog, the full depth
of tooth should extend above the surface of the throat
plate.
To make these adjust-
ments, loosen screw (A,
Fig. 6) and turn regulating
screw (B) clockwise to
•
Fig. 5
raise the feed dog and counterclockwise to lower it.
Make sure that the bottom of the shank of the feed dog
holder rests against the head of the regulating screw.
The feed dog can be tilted up or down by loosening
screws (A and C) and can be moved forward or backward
in the throat plate by loosening screws (D).
Fig. 6
PRESSER FOOT HEIGHT
With the feed dog at the
lowest point of its travel, set
the presser foot height so that
there is 3/16 inch space be-
tween the bottom of the foot and
the top of the throat plate with
the hand lifter lever in the
11
up"
position.
To make this adjustment, loosen screw (A, Fig. 7), and
with the hand lifter (B) up, move the presser bar (C) to secure
proper height of presser foot and retighten screw (A).
~~~~
The roller (D) should be set from. 020 to • 040 inch below ---~~
the bottom of the presser foot, depending on the weight of the
material being sewn and the radii of the turns being made.
10
Fig. 7
From the library of: Superior Sewing Machine & Supply LLC