Victor 4106 User manual

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Victor 4106 earth resistance tester 2, 3, 4 poles method

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Section One
Introduction
Warning
Read this Manual carefully before use the Instrument.
Generalization
The instrument is a multifunctional earth resistance/earth resistivity tester equipped with a microcomputer.
The instrument employs digital signal settlement technology, which can draw earth measurement signals,
possess features of high frequency, high accuracy and high resistance, and measure earth resistance/ earth
resistivity accurately. The instrument can execute standard 3POLE and 4POLE earth resistance measurements and
has 2POLE earth resistance measurement and earth resistivity calculation functions as well.
⚫The Instrument conforms to the following Safety Requirements:
IEC61010-1（CAT Ⅲ600V,POLUTION degreeⅡ）
IEC61557-1, 5(Electronic safety requirements for low voltage distribution system below AC 1000V and DC
1500V)
⚫Basic Measurement Function
2/3/4-pole earth resistance measurement, Earth resistivity （ρ）calculation
⚫Earth Resistance Measurement employs AC simulation test, 4-kind of testing frequencies（94Hz, 105Hz, 111Hz,
128Hz）,which are selectable by hand to reduce impacts from low interference sources.
⚫Auxiliary Earth Resistance Measurement Function
Testing and displaying auxiliary earth resistance.
⚫Warning Display Function for auxiliary earth resistance upper-limits
Displaying warnings for inaccurate measurements due to high auxiliary earth resistances
⚫Auto-range Function in Resistance Measurement and >1999 displays for over range.
⚫Indication Functions for high interference voltage.

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⚫Measurement Function for series interference voltage.
⚫Backlight Function to view the test results in dimly areas.
⚫Setting Function to release the residual resistance (Rk) on the test leads.
⚫Setting Function for auxiliary earth spike interval under earth resistivity measurement, setting range: 1m～30m.
⚫For comparison test,the limit value ‘Pass/Fail(✓/✘)’ can be preset to evaluate the measurement result and give
an audio alarm.
⚫Auto-power-off function and auto-backlight-off function with set time.
⚫Easy-for-operation data Store/Recall Function for independent measurement data (Max.100 groups)saving in
the internal storage.
⚫Small and sturdy structure design, easy for operation, adaptable to spot transportation and bad environment.
Open the case
Check the product to see whether it is damaged in the shipment or not. Check the materials to see whether they
are the same as shown in the packing list. Keep the packing materials for late delivery.
Standard and chosen accessories supplied are listed as follows. Chosen ones are bought at purchaser’s
options.
Standard accessories
•1 testing wire 6m(black) • 1 testing wire 6m(green)
•1 testing wire 15m(red) • 1 testing wire 30m(blue)
•4 auxiliary earth spikes •1 user’s manual
•1 soft carrying bag: C440000
•1 Hand rope
Optional accessories (additional cost required): power adapter (DC15V)(P070000-00)
Safety warning
This Instrument has been designed, manufactured and tested according to IEC61010-1, IEC61557-1,

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IEC61557-5 safety requirements. This Manual contains warnings and safety rules which have to be observed by the
user to ensure safe operation of the instrument and to maintain it in safe condition .Therefore, read through these
operating instructions before using the instrument.
The mark indicated on the instrument, means that the user must refer to the related parts in the
manual for safe operation of the instrument.
Danger is reserved for conditions and actions that are likely to cause serious or fatal injury.
Warning is reserved for conditions and actions that are likely to cause serious or fatal injury.
Caution is reserved for conditions and actions that can cause injury or instrument damage.
Warning
⚫Read carefully and make sure well understanding of the Manual before using The instrument.
⚫Follow the instructions in the Manual whenever operating, keep the Manual in good condition for
reference whenever necessary.
⚫Mis-operation may cause accidents and damages to the Instrument in testing.
Danger
⚫Never make measurement on a circuit in which electrical potentials exceeding AC/DC250V.
⚫Do not attempt to make measurement in the presence of flammable gasses. Otherwise, the use of the
instrument may cause sparking, which can lead to an explosion.
⚫Never attempt to use the instrument if its surface or your hands are wet.
⚫Do not exceed the maximum range allowed.
⚫Do not press the PRESS TO Key before connecting the Test Leads.
⚫Never open the Battery cover during a measurement.
⚫Cut off the power and remove any measuring parts connected to the Instrument before opening the
battery cover.
Warning

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⚫Never attempt to make any measurement if any abnormal conditions, such as a broken cover or
exposed metal parts are present on the Instrument and Test Leads.
⚫Replace Test Leads with new one in same specification and same electrical specification when it is
broken.
⚫Do not replace batteries if the Instrument is wet.
⚫Ensure that the test leads are firmly inserted into the terminal.
⚫Ensure that the Instrument is powered-off if opening the battery cover.
Caution
⚫Set and ensure the Range switch to the appropriate position before making measurement.
⚫Set the Range switch to' OFF' position after use and remove the test leads.
⚫Remove the batteries if the Instrument is to be stored and will not be in use for a long period.
⚫Do not use the Instrument when mark displays.
⚫Do not use or keep the Instrument in high-temperature, high-humidity, explosive, strong
electromagnetic and dewy environment or expose to direct sunlight.
⚫Do not use abrasives or solvents. Use a damp cloth with neutral detergent for cleaning the instrument.
⚫Do not store the Instrument if it is wet. Store it after it dries.
Marks and marks
possible danger of electronic shock
double insulated
earth ground

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Section Two
Specification
Safety and conformity
Overload Protection
E-S, E-H terminals: AC250V/10 seconds
Legal Conformity
IEC61010-1（CAT Ⅲ600V, POLUTION degreeⅡ）
IE C61010-2-032 (special requirements for hand- held current Probes)
IEC61557-1, 5(electronic safety requirement for low voltage
distribution system below AC 1000V and DC 1500V
Electromagnetic Compatibility
conforms to IEC61326-1，Group 1, Class B conforms to EC61326-1，
Group 1, Class B conforms to IEC61326-1, Group 1, Class B
Surge Protection
6kV (according to IEC61010.1-2001)
Identification Mark
CE
Quality Standard
develops , designs and manufactures according to ISO 9001
General feature
Display Screen
digit: display in 2000 digits; white backlight
OperationTemperature and Moisture
Range
0～40 ºC, relative moisture≤85%(no condensation)
StorageTemperature and Moisture
Range
--20 ºC～60 ºC, relative moisture≤90%( no condensation)
Accuracy Required Temperature and
Moisture Range
23±5ºC, relative moisture≤75%( no condensation)

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Ambient Condition for Operation
Indoor,outdooroperation（no waterproof），at analtitude of0～2,000
meter
Stored Data
100 groups
Indicator for Over-range
OL
Battery Type
eight AA 1.5V Alkaline (LR6) batteries
Low Battery
displays battery mark
Automatic Power-off
The default value is 5 minutes if no operation which is adjustable.
Closed –case Calibration
no internal adjustments needed
Battery Access Door
Battery or fuse replaceable without voiding calibration
Measurement
178(L)×110(W)×59(D)mm
Weight
about 500g
Calibration Period
One year
Measuring range and accuracy
Accuracy limits are given as:±( [ % of reading ] + [ number of least significant digits ] ), warranty for one year.
(Note: ' number of least significant digits' means the digits increased or decreased in least significant digits)

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Series interference voltage (UST)
Measuring Range
Resolution
Frequency Range
Accuracy
0.0V～20.0V
0.1V
45～200Hz Sine
2%+5
⚫Output Resistance about 32V.
⚫Measuring speed: twice every second.
⚫Max. overload: 250Vrms.
Measurement for residual resistance of Test Leads (Rk)
This function can be activated in 20Ω position. Range: 0.00Ω ～ 5.00Ω.
RK value saved in 20Ω position is still valid for measuring range over 200.
Earth resistance Re (Rg at ρmeasurement)
Range
Measuring Range
Resolution
Accuracy
Remark
20Ω
0.10Ω～19.99Ω
0.01Ω
2%+15
RH, RS is 500Ω
Modified Rk data
200Ω
20.0Ω～199.9Ω
0.1Ω
2%+5
2000Ω
200Ω～1999Ω
1Ω
3%+5
20kΩ
2.00kΩ～19.99kΩ
0.01kΩ

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⚫Use probes conforming to IEC61557-5 when measuring current and voltage.
⚫Open-circuit voltage Um: Max.About 50Vpp, rectangle wave.
⚫Short-circuit current lm: Max.20mA, but Im☓（RH +RE）< Um
⚫Measuring frequency : 94Hz, 105Hz, 111Hz, 128Hz, manual selection.
⚫Measuring time: Typical 12 seconds.
⚫Measuring error for RH, RS : typical (RH+RS+RE) 10%
⚫Additional error for RH MAX or RS MAX: 3%+10
⚫Series interference voltage: in 400 Hz, 60 Hz, 50 Hz, 16 2 Hz system frequency or input series
3
interference voltage by DC voltage through E and S terminals. The mean square root value of r.m.s.
in series interference voltage is 3V. (DC is excluded in 20Ω range)
⚫Additional error for 3V series interference voltage:5%+10.
⚫After measuring the probe resistance, auxiliary earth resistance and earth resistance, the Instrument
will display a Warning notice to indicate over high RS or RH value if the measurement error is higher
than 30% when considering impacting conditions.
Earth Resistivity (ρ)
Range
Measuring Range
Resolution
Accuracy
20Ω·m
0Ω·m～19.99Ω·m
0.01Ω·m
depends on RG
ρ＝2×π×a×RG
200Ω·m
20.0Ω·m～199.9Ω·m
0.1Ω·m

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2000Ω·m
200Ω·m～1999Ω·m
1Ω·m
20kΩ·m
2.00kΩ·m～19.99kΩ·m
0.01kΩ·m
200KΩ·m
20.0kΩ·m～199.9kΩ·m
0.1kΩ·m
2000kΩ·m
200kΩ·m～3768kΩ·m
1kΩ·m
⚫All technical data are valid listed in earth resistance.
⚫Interval between earth spikes : a＝1.0m～30.0m.
The maximum operation error within the measurement range should not exceed ±30% of the measured basic
value, which is shown in the following table. The operation errors are available for specified operation conditions
designated in IEC61557-1 and the following conditions:
⚫Series interference voltage: in 400 Hz, 60 Hz, 50 Hz, 16 2 Hz system frequency or input series interference
3
voltage by DC voltage through E （ES）and S terminals. The mean square root value of r.m.s. in series
interference voltage is 3V.
⚫Resistance ofauxiliary earth electrode andprobe: 4kΩ+100☓RE≤50kΩ
Basic Error or
Impact Volume
Reference Range
Specified Working Range
Mark
Related Requirements
and Tests in IEC61557
Testing
Type
basic error
Reference range
A
6.1 in Section 5
R
power voltage
Limit value specified by the
Manufacture
E2
4.2 and 4.3 in Section 1
R

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temperature
0ºC and 35ºC
E3
4.2 in Section 1
T
Series interference
voltage
See 4.2 and 4.3
E4
4.2 and 4.3 in Section 5
T
Resistance of
auxiliary earth
electrode and
probe
4kΩ+100 RE but ≤50kΩ
E5
4.3 in Section 5
T
Operation error
B=±(∣A∣+1.15 E22+E32+E42+E52 )
4.3 in Section 5
R
A= basic error En＝
changing volumeR＝
routine testing
T＝type testing
B[%]=± B ☓100%
basicvalue

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Section Three
Instrument layout
Instrument body
Figure 1

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Terminal
Figure 2
Terminals
Function Illustration
H(C)
H terminals (C terminals ) - blue
S(P)
S terminal ( P terminal )- red
ES
ES terminal - green
E
E terminal - black
Display Unit
The Notes and Warnings for the Instrument operation are displayed in all kinds of marks and information. Here is
the detailed illustration for Marks and Information.

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Figure 4
No.
Mark, Information
Illustration
1
Recall/delete saving data
2
Main screen
3
234POLE
Earth resistance testing methods: 2POLE, 3POLE, 4POLE
4
AC voltage
5
compare
1
2
3
4
5
6
14
7
13
8
12
11
9
10

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7
Fail / Pass
8
Unit in the Main Display Screen
voltage : V
Resistance unit: Ω（ohm）, kΩ（thousand ohms ）
Resistance rate unit: Ω·m（ohm·meter）, kΩ·m（thousand ohms· meter）
9
Auxiliary screen
10
Noise mark : display when UST≥5V
11
RH is higher than limits
RS is higher than limits
Both RH and RS are higher than limits
12
Select Yellow Key function
13
High voltage mark , display when UST≥20V
14
Main display function: RE, RH, RS, RG, RK, UST
6
Low battery mark

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LED
Press key
图3
Figure 3
Press Key
Illustration
Power-on or turning on the backlight. Press for less than 2 seconds to turn on or off the backlights;
press for more than 2 seconds to power off.

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Press to select testing functions: 4 Pole, 3 Pole, 2 Pole, earth resistivity (ρ); Default Mode: 4 -Pole
method.
Under earth resistance measurement / earth resistivity measurement function. Press to select
displayed data in Main Display Screen:
Under 4 Pole mode: RE→RH→RS→UST→RK→RE, default display RE;
Under 3 Pole mode: RE→RH→RS→UST→RK→RE, default display RE;
Under 2 Pole mode: RE→UST→RK→RE, default display RE;
Under earth resistivity ρ: ρ→RG ( RE) → RH → RS → UST → RK → IH (earth spike interval) → ρ;
Default setting displays ρ;
Under Setting function: alter the setting value.
Under earth resistance measurement: press to enter into /exit from RK function;
Under MEN : press to next data;
Under Setting function: right shifts of setting position.
Under earth resistance measurement / earth resistivity measurement function: press to save data;
Under RK function: press to save data; clean RK value for 0.00Ω when pressing for more than 2
seconds;
Under MEN : press to delete data;
Under Setting function: press to save setting data.
Press to start measurement once.

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Outlet of power adapter
Press to select ' Yellow Key' function, the Screen displays in the left corner. Yellow Key
functions are illustrated in the following part.
Enter into/ exit from the Instrument Setting function
Recall/ exit from data in the saving part
alter testing frequency: 128Hz→111Hz→105Hz→94Hz→128Hz, default value:128Hz.
Use the power adapter
Open the soft rubber door on the side of the instrument,and insert the special power adapter of the instrument
into the power socket (the instrument must be turned off when inserting or pulling out the special power adapter; It is
best to remove the battery when using a special power adapter).
Figure 5

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Section Four
Preparation for testing
Power-on
To turn on the Instrument, press key to connect with the power.
To turn off the Instrument, press key for more than 2 seconds to cut the power.
When being powered-on, the Instrument starts inner-self diagnose and displays power-on mark firstly, and then
undertakes relevant operations.
Note
Power-on: to guarantee correct power-on operation, cut off the power for 5 seconds before restarting.
Auto- power- off
The factory default sets that the Instrument will automatically power off if no operation is conducted within 5
minutes.
Automatically power off function can be set by Users. (See ' Instrument Settings”)
Turn on the backlight
After powering on, press key for once to turn on the backlight, repress key to turn off the backlight.
Auto-turn-off backlight
Users can set backlight time (See ' Instrument Settings”)
The default value is 30 seconds; the instrument will turn off the backlight if Users does not turn off the backlight
within 30 seconds.
The auto-turn- off function is prohibited if the setting is 0.

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Low battery display
Mark displays in the upper-left Main Screen after power-on means low battery, please replace with new
ones (recharge if the batteries are chargeable)and then use.
Warning
To avoid electrical shock hazard or personnel injury due to wrong readings, replace the batteries as soon as
possible if the LED displays mark; or charge the batteries if they are chargeable.
Do not start testing function in low battery state.
Residual resistance （Rk）on the Test Leads
Composition of the measurement value: R display = R measurement - RK
The Rk default value is 0.00Ω, and can be adjusted between 0.00～5.00Ω through measurement.Rk
residual sequence undertakes as follows:
Step one: press key to select testing method: 4- pole, 3-pole, or 2- pole.
Step two: connect the Test Leads;
See relevant part for different measurement methods for test leads connections.
Rk residuals can not be obtained when mark displays.
Step three: press Key to enter into Rk residual resistance mode, the Main Screen displays Rk mark in
the upper-left part, and in the lower-right part.