WPI DS8000 User manual

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DS8000
Digital stimulator
INSTRUCTION MANUAL
Serial No._____________________
042712
World Precision Instruments
www.wpiinc.com

WORLD PRECISION INSTRUMENTS iii
DS8000
CONTENTS
1.0 Introduction ................................................................................................................................................1
2.0 General Warnings and Cautions ..........................................................................................................3
Unpacking ..........................................................................................................................................................4
3.0 Description .................................................................................................................................................5
3.1 General .......................................................................................................................................................5
3.2 Microcontroller .........................................................................................................................................5
3.3 Communications ......................................................................................................................................5
3.4 Digital Control & Digital Signal Processing (DSP) ............................................................................5
3.5 Analog Outputs .........................................................................................................................................6
3.7 Rear Panel Connections .........................................................................................................................7
3.8 Block Diagram ..........................................................................................................................................9
4.0 Installation .............................................................................................................................................. 10
4.1 Mechanical ............................................................................................................................................. 10
4.2 Electrical .................................................................................................................................................. 10
4.3 Network ................................................................................................................................................... 10
4.4 Quick Start Operation .......................................................................................................................... 10
5.0 Operation ................................................................................................................................................ 14
5.1 General Parameters .............................................................................................................................. 14
5.2 Channel Screen ...................................................................................................................................... 14
5.3 Trigger and Mode Screen Detail ....................................................................................................... 16
5.4 Train Screen Detail ................................................................................................................................ 17
5.5 Paired Pulse Modes Overview ........................................................................................................... 19
5.6 Paired Mode Screen Detail ................................................................................................................. 20
5.7 T-Paired Mode Screen Detail .............................................................................................................. 22
5.8 Waveform Screen Detail ..................................................................................................................... 24
5.9 Timer Screen .......................................................................................................................................... 26
5.10 Run Screen ........................................................................................................................................... 27
5.11 Combined Analog Screen ................................................................................................................. 27

DS8000
WORLD PRECISION INSTRUMENTSiv
5.12 Combined TTL Screen ....................................................................................................................... 28
5.13 Scope Screen ....................................................................................................................................... 28
5.14 Settings Screen .................................................................................................................................... 29
5.15 General Screen .................................................................................................................................... 30
5.16 GUI Screen ........................................................................................................................................... 31
5.17 Memory Screen ................................................................................................................................... 33
5.18 Profile Screen ....................................................................................................................................... 33
5.19 Communication Screen .................................................................................................................... 34
5.20 FTP Screen ............................................................................................................................................ 34
5.21 About Screen ....................................................................................................................................... 35
6.0 Serial & Network Communication .................................................................................................... 36
6.1 Network Hardware Setup .................................................................................................................... 36
6.2 Serial and Network Control ................................................................................................................ 38
6.3 Custom Waveform Via the Custom Table Loader Program ........................................................ 47
6.4 Custom Waveform Via the Excel® Macro ...................................................................................... 49
7.0 Maintenance ........................................................................................................................................... 52
7.1 Cleaning Instructions ............................................................................................................................ 52
7.2 Scratch Prevention ................................................................................................................................ 52
8.0 Troubleshooting ..................................................................................................................................... 53
Replacing the fuse ........................................................................................................................................ 53
FTP Error Codes ............................................................................................................................................. 53
9.0 Technical Specifications ...................................................................................................................... 54
9.1 General Specifications ......................................................................................................................... 54
9.2 Software ................................................................................................................................................... 55
10.0 Appendix 1: Stimulus Isolator Applications Cookbook ............................................................ 57
11.0 Appendix 2: Example Bioresearch Applications ......................................................................... 61
Warranty ......................................................................................................................................................... 63
Copyright © 2012 by World Precision Instruments, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be
reproduced or translated into any language, in any form, without prior written permission of World Precision
Instruments, Inc.

WORLD PRECISION INSTRUMENTS 1
DS8000
1.0 INTRODUCTION
WPI’s DS8000 Digital Stimulator is compact and high-precision state-of-the-art equipment. It is
built in accordance with the latest standards in digital and analog electronics technology. The
DS8000 is a full menu driven touch screen sensitive input stimulator. This LCD screen displays
the menus and
enables the user
to select options
or enter data using
built-in keypads. A
password-protected
hierarchical
structure limits
privileges for
different users
and owner(s); the
administrator always has full control over all parameters. DS8000 firmware and/or parameter
memories can be exported to or imported from a PC using standard file transfer protocol (FTP)
for easy and centralized updates.
The DS8000 has eight identical channels and all channels are functionally independent. Each
channel has three outputs: Combined TTL (Transistor-Transistor Logic or CMOS compatible),
Analog and Combined Analog. The combined analog and combined TTL outputs can give the
sum of the signals from any combination of channels. Each output has its own BNC connector,
providing a total of 24 BNC outputs on the front panel. Any channel can be set to use one of
the pre-defined waveforms, edit a simple 12-point waveform, or create and import one with
1024- point resolution using the custom waveform loader supplied with the DS8000. The
amplitude and duration of the pulse and how often it repeats can be adjusted from the channel
menu. Each channel output signal can be started by using a trigger from any of the TTL channel
outputs, one of the eight external inputs, an internal timer, or manually. The three built-in
internal timers (with optional alarms) provide each channel independent controlled triggers and
also starting or stopping of any of the three timers synchronously or asynchronously.
A wide variety of signals can be easily configured and generated via the touch screen panel.
The outputs available are unipolar pulses, bipolar pulses, sine, ramp, stepped, paired pulse and
customized waveforms. All the parameter settings can be DS8000 stored in up to four different
user memories to ensure quick installation and start-up. The parameters file can be uploaded
or downloaded to a host computer and archived for GCP/GLP (Good Clinical Practices/Good
Laboratory Practices) compliance. A built in oscilloscope permits observation of any of the

DS8000
WORLD PRECISION INSTRUMENTS2
signals generated by the DS8000. It displays two channels simultaneously and can be triggered
by any of the internal signals or by one of the external inputs.
The DS8000 is a highly advanced technical instrument with numerous functions and operating
modes. Some users may find that the Quick Start procedure is sufficient for their understanding
and other features will become familiar with hands-on experience at using the various on-
screen menus.
The manual may be routinely revised to take account of any software upgrades. In the
meantime, if you need assistance with the DS8000 we would appreciate your call (tel.: 941-
371-1003, or email the Technical Specialist directly at [e-mail]).

WORLD PRECISION INSTRUMENTS 3
DS8000
2.0 GENERAL WARNINGS AND CAUTIONS
WARNING: THE DS8000 DIGITAL STIMULATOR MUST ONLY BE USED IN A DRY
ROOM.
WARNING: THE DS8000 DIGITAL STIMULATOR MUST ALWAYS BE GROUNDED.
WARNING: DO NOT CONNECT ANY INPUT/OUTPUT TERMINAL TO
THE MAINS SUPPLY, UNLESS THROUGH AN ISOLATION CIRCUIT.
CAUTION: Exercise care in using the touch-sensitive LCD screen. It is designed for finger-
pressure only. DO NOT touch with pen, pencil, or any sharp object. THE LCD SCREEN IS NOT
COVERED UNDER THE INSTRUMENT WARRANTY.
CAUTION: The Digital Stimulator output defaults on start-up in the off condition. Outputs
are unstable during power initialization. Please ensure proper sequencing of power up and
connections to avoid unwanted stimulation to the subject.
CAUTION: The maximum input voltages must not be exceeded. CAUTION: Repairs of an
electrical or mechanical nature may only be carried out by an authorized WPI technician.
NOTE: WPI reserves the right to adapt the equipment to the latest technical specifications at
any time.
Restrictions: This device may not be used for clinical treatment of humans.

DS8000
WORLD PRECISION INSTRUMENTS4
Unpacking
The DS8000 Packing list is as follows:
• Instruction Manual (this document)
• Quick Start card (Section 4 of the manual)
• 6-foot (2m) BNC cables WPI P/N 2851 (four)
• 90 degree BNC adaptors WPI P/N 500256 (four)
• 9-pin Serial cable WPI P/N 13555
• Network crossover cable (for stand alone networking only)
• Power cord (3006 US, 3301 EURO, 3302 UK, or 14088 AUS)
• Standard stylus
• Spare touch screen protective cover
• Touch screen warning label
• CD-ROM containing: (for GLP/ GCP archiving purposes)
Instruction Manual in PDF format
Quick Start Card in PDF format
Latest firmware version for DS8000
FTP shareware program
Excel macro based custom waveform loader and additional installation files (if
needed) (Office 2000 use only)
Stand alone executable custom waveform loader CTG 0.1.0.exe

WORLD PRECISION INSTRUMENTS 5
DS8000
3.0 DESCRIPTION
3.1 General
The DS8000 Digital Stimulator is an 8-channel stimulator intended to control a wide range of
stimulus isolation units. All of these parameters (duration, amplitude, interpulse intervals, delay)
can be independently set for each channel.
The analog signals are real-time converted digital values (24-bit resolution) and processed by a
DSP. After processing, the digital signals are real-time converted to analog signals and applied
to the output sockets. The output signal of each channel is available at a front panel connector
and can also be viewed on the graphical display.
The DS8000 is full menu driven. The touch screen LCD shows the menus and enablesthe
operator to select or enter data. A password protected hierarchical structure limits the privileges
for users and owners; the administrator always has full control over all parameters of the
DS8000. The DS8000 firmware, and/or parameter memories, can be exported to or imported
from an FTP server for easy and centralized updates.
An Ethernet port and an RS-232 port are provided to support communication with computers
and networks.
The DS8000 can be used in laboratory automation systems. Two bi-directional data connectors
are provided, each with three 8-bit ports. These ports can be used to monitor external switches
or digital signals and to control relays or external digital systems.
3.2 Microcontroller
The microcontroller controls the Digital Control & Digital Signal Processing (DSP), the
Communication Controller and the touch screen. Please refer to the block diagram (Fig. 3).
3.3 Communications
The communication controller performs the OSI level 2 of the serial port, the Ethernet port,
while the micro controller controls the higher-level OSI layers. The serial port as well as the
Ethernet (TCP/IP) connections enable remote control by a computer. Please refer to the Rear
Panel connections (Fig. 2).
3.4 Digital Control & Digital Signal Processing (DSP)
The digitized outputs are controlled by the Digital Signal Processor using algorithms imbedded
in the processor. The DSP generates digital data for the pulses and processes the internal and
external controls (Remote control, Computer control) signals.

DS8000
WORLD PRECISION INSTRUMENTS6
3.5 Analog Outputs
The digital waveform of the signals, generated by the processor is applied to the digital to
analog converters (DAC) and then driven out to the front panel BNC connectors.
ITEM DESCRIPTION EXPLANATION OF FUNCTION
A Power Switch Toggle switch turns mains power on or off. LED indicates
power on.
B Graphics Display and Touch
Screen (LCD)
This is the operator interface. Display shows instrument
status, input parameters and output. Menu-driven control
screens are activated by pressing the desired item/tab.
C Combined TTL Output TTL output signal from combined digital channels for
application to digital stimulus Isolators, data acquisition
system, oscilloscope, chart recorder, etc.
D Analog Output Analog output signal from a single channel to analog
stimulus isolators, data acquisition system, oscilloscope,
chart recorder, etc.
E Combined Analog Output Analog output signal from combined analog channel
outputs to analogstimulus Isolators, data acquisition
system, oscilloscope, chart recorder,etc.
F Output ON/ OFF Control switch to enable / disable the column of output
BNCs below it.
G External Trigger Inputs TTL input to provide external triggered start to any of 8
selected channels.
Fig. 1
ABCDE
FG

WORLD PRECISION INSTRUMENTS 7
DS8000
DESCRIPTION EXPLANATION OF FUNCTION
A. Mains Power Connector and Fuse Holder Standard IEC320 style power connector with integral fuse tray. Using the
appropriate power cord, this may be connected to any standard mains
receptacle providing voltages from 100 to 240V. No line voltage selection
is needed. The tray pulls out for fuse replacement.
B. Chassis Ground Binding Post Provides a connection to the chassis. The chassis is internally connected
to the mains connector ground pin.
C. Computer Control Connector. Standard DB-25 female connector. This is a digital I/O connector intended
for connection to a computer.
D. Remote Control Connector. Standard DB-25 female connector. This is a digital I/O connector intended
for connection to a process control system.
F. Ethernet Data Port. Standard RJ- This connector is used for communication with a remote
computer using Ethernet Tbase-10 TCP/IP protocols.
G. RS-232 Serial Data Port. Standard DB-9 female connector This connector is used for
communication with a remote computer using RS-232 protocol.
ABD CEF
3.7 Rear Panel Connections
Fig. 2
Power Supply
The Digital Stimulator DS8000 power supply operates over a wide input voltage and frequency
range. The internal power supply module accepts mains power from 80 to 260 V AC, 45 to 65
Hz. The instrument consumes 50 Watts.

DS8000
WORLD PRECISION INSTRUMENTS8
Computer Control (DB25 female connector, mating connector
AMP747912-2)
At present, this connector is not being used.
Remote Control (DB25 female connector, mating connector
AMP747912-2)
This connector has 24 inputs. 16 inputs are dedicated to extra inputs, while the 8 others are
inputs used by the External Trigger Inputs. All these inputs have pull up resistors and over
voltage protection, grounding an input, will activate it.
Pin No. Use Pin No. Use Pin No. Use
Pin 1: Ground Pin 10: External Trigger I2 Pin 19: Channel 3 CTTL
Pin 2: Channel 2 TTL Pin 11: External Trigger I4 Pin 20: Channel 5 CTTL
Pin 3: Channel 4 TTL Pin 12: External Trigger I6 Pin 21: Channel 7 CTTL
Pin 4: Channel 6 TTL Pin 13: External Trigger I8 Pin 22: External Trigger I1
Pin 5: Channel 8 TTL Pin 14: Channel 1 TTL Pin 23: External Trigger I3
Pin 6: Channel 2 CTTL Pin 15: Channel 3 TTL Pin 24: External Trigger I5
Pin 7: Channel 4 CTTL Pin 16: Channel 5 TTL Pin 25: External Trigger I7
Pin 8: Channel 6 CTTL Pin 17: Channel 7 TTL
Pin 9: Channel 8 CTTL Pin 18: Channel 1 CTTL
Serial Interface (DB-9 female connector, mating connector
AMP747904-2)
Pin No. Use Pin No. Use Pin No. Use
Pin 1: DCD1 Pin 4: DTR1 Pin 7: RTS1
Pin 2: RxD1 Pin 5: GND Pin 8: CTS1
Pin 3: TxD1 Pin 6: DSR1 Pin 9: Not connected
Ethernet Connection (unshielded twisted pair [UTP] ethernet
connector)
Pin 1: Transmit DATA-A Pin 5: Not connected
Pin 2: Transmit DATA-B Pin 6: Receive DATA-Negative
Pin 3: Receive DATA-Positive Pin 7: Not connected
Pin 4: Not connected Pin 8: Not connected
Mains Connector
This is a standard IEC 3-pin power connector.

WORLD PRECISION INSTRUMENTS 9
DS8000
3.8 Block Diagram
Fig. 3
8x Protection
BNC
PUSHBUTTON
ANALOG
OUTPUT
COMBINED
ANALOG
OUTPUT
TTL
OUTPUT
CHANNEL
ON / OFF
SWITCHES
- Differential /
single ended
- Rectifier
Analog
LPF DAC
ADC
Digital
LPF
Digital
Control
& DSP
+
1
2
Vout
V LCD
Temp
Vex +
Vex -
lex +
lex -
Vout
GND
8x
GND
DB 25
13
25
1
14
Remote
Control 24
8
BNC
Analog
LPF DAC
+
1
2
Vout
GND
8
BNC
+
1
2
TTLout
GND
8
GND
DB 25
13
25
1
14
DB 9
5
9
1
6
Computer
Control
Serial
Port
Ethernet
TCP/IP
24
Communication
Controller
Micro
Controller
Touch
Screen
Power
85 to 260 V
45 to 65 Hz
ADC = analog to digital converter
DAC = digital to analog converter
DSP = digital signal processor
TCP/IP = transport control / internet protocol
Vex = excitation voltage
Vin = input voltage
VLCD = display contrast voltage
Vout = output voltage
Mains Connector
Chassis
GND

DS8000
WORLD PRECISION INSTRUMENTS10
4.0 INSTALLATION
4.1 Mechanical
Unpack the instrument, mount in a standard 19-inch (US) rack with soft head screws or utilize
the retractable bail mounted under the DS8000 for desktop operation.
4.2 Electrical
Insert the correct mains cord in to the connector in the back of the unit and plug the cord
into an outlet supplying AC voltages within 80 to 260 volts range. The internal power supply
automatically adjusts for line standards and variations.
4.3 Network
Existing networks — Please refer to your IT technical support for configuring the IP address of
the DS8000.
SECURITY WARNING: A network switch/ hub with a firewall is highly
recommended for the DS8000 network connections, otherwise anyone on
your local area network (LAN) will be able to access the menu parameters,
even though it is fully password protected. The DS8000 can be seen like
another PC on a network since it has an IP address. Please refer to the Serial
and Network Communications section for instructions.
Stand alone networks — A network card in the host computer and a network switch (firewall
optional) is required. Please refer to the Stand Alone Network area of this manual for step-by-
step instructions.
4.4 Quick Start Operation
The quick start section is intended to quickly familiarize the new user with the basic operation
of the DS8000. Stimulus isolators like WPI A360D/R, A365D/R, A385R and A395D/R are
used in the examples.
Mount in a rack or use the desktop stand. Connect power cable to A, Fig. 2.
Turn on power switch A, Fig. 1. After the DS8000 boots up, press on the
Touch panel B
Determine the Isolator input requirements.
Row C— TTL Outputs for Digital Isolators, (A360D/R, A356D/R, A385R).
Row D— Combined Analog Outputs for Analog Isolator (A395D/R) or a TTL
emulation to control Isolators, A360D/R, A356D/R, and A385R).

WORLD PRECISION INSTRUMENTS 11
DS8000
Row E— Analog Outputs for Analog Isolator (A395D/R) or a TTL emulation to control
Isolators, A360D/R, A356D/R, and A385R).
Row F— These lighted switches control the output of the selected channel on or off.
Row G— TTL inputs for external start control.
General Operations
Touch screen — A gentle touch or soft non-scratching stylus (included) is all that is required
to activate a switch on the touch screen. If a touch location is not being easily activated, then
move the stylus in an increasingly widening circle until it activates or use a different stylus.
CAUTION: Pushing hard on the screen does not activate a menu switch; a gentle
touch works best.
Screen Navigation — The DS8000 has several menus. To page forward or move between
window selections use the arrow key or tab at the top of the screen. The page forward arrow
will scroll through the major sections of the DS8000, while the individual tab (at the top of each
screen) will take you to that selection. The page back (located on the upper left) when shown,
will back the selection completely out of an area. A window selection can be changed by
touching that area, then one of the following will appear — a numeric pad, keyboard, pull-down
selection or a dialog box. NOTE: Bold windows are for display only and cannot be changed.
Warnings are displayed for improper entries.
Help Area — Displayed at the bottom of each screen, this area contains information about a
particular option. Touch any parameter window to see the accepted values for that parameter.
Page forward to the Timer Screen to see the current status of the timers. Page forward again to
see the built in scope screen.
Fig. 4A Fig. 4B
Channel
Selection
Help Area
Next
Page
Button
unipolar
bipolar
NOTE: Printed
scope windows are
annotated
with serial number,
date and time.

DS8000
WORLD PRECISION INSTRUMENTS12
Generation of pulse protocols
A simple unipolar (rectangular) pulse
This unipolar pulse is built of a 50 ms width of 5V amplitude within a 200 ms total period. The
mode is set to free run in this example (Fig. 4A). The output viewed on the built in LCD display
is shown in Fig. 4B, upper trace. The DS8000 can trigger any TTL driven device via the TTL
output (Combined TTL 1) or the Analog output (Analog 1) to a Stimulus Isolation Unit (SIU).
A simple bipolar (rectangular) pulse
The same settings are used as in the above example, except the waveform is now set to Bipolar
Pulse as shown in Fig. 5A, lower trace. If a zero time setting of 10 ms is applied then the total
pulse width will still be 50 ms, with a 10 ms interpulse interval, as shown in Fig. 5B.
Fig. 5A — Bipolar pulse protocol Fig. 5B
A simple Step pattern
A step pattern is always associated with a train. Channel one is programmed for a pulse width
of 20 ms, T-period of 30 ms, five events, unipolar pulse (Fig. 6A), an initial delay of 25 ms
(Fig. 6B) and triggered off free running channel 8 (500 ms period, zero delay, 10 ms width,
amplitude 1V).
The Fixed step menu is brought up by pressing the equal (=), next to the amplitude button
twice. Then pressing the Point by Point selection on the screen. The Fixed Step tab is selected
(Fig. 6C) and the five steps are programmed by entering the Begin Amplitude, the number of
Steps and then the End Amplitude, in this exact sequence. Press the Save button, then back-
page to the channel screen to display Fig. 6D, upper trace.

WORLD PRECISION INSTRUMENTS 13
DS8000
A Ramp pattern using the Custom waveform
The ramp on channel two (Fig. 6D) has a pulse width of 200 ms and is triggered off channel 8.
Using the fixed step menu in the Custom selection under waveform to define point one at –2V
at 0 time and point 2 at +2V at 200 ms. A simple ramp waveform can be created by using the
Ramp menu selection; this waveform always starts at 0 V and can ramp positive or negative
(not shown).
A simple paired pulse
A paired pulse waveform (defined in Fig. 7A) repeated at 120,000 ms (2 min.) intervals, using
two pulses of 50 ms width each and a 100 ms interpulse interval, 5V amplitude is shown in
Fig. 7C. Note that only one event can be shown on the LCD display.
Select the custom waveform point editor. Enter the values as shown in the custom editor, Fig.
7B. Press (SAVE) when done (the pulse width is automatically entered in the channel window.
Fig. 7B
Fig. 6A— Step
Example
Fig. 6B Fig. 6C Fig. 6D
Fig. 7A— Paired Pulse Fig. 7C

DS8000
WORLD PRECISION INSTRUMENTS14
5.0 OPERATION
5.1 General Parameters
The DS8000 touch screen is the primary input for all operations of the
stimulator. The DS8000 is programmed to respond to a gentle contact
of a finger or blunt stylus held in place for 0.2 seconds of time. Some
menus bring up another menu or modify a page. In the case of selecting
an External Trigger, another menu appears over the first menu asking for
which Trigger number to use. In some cases where there is a small “touch
pad” area or the stylus is too large, the user will have to move the stylus
about in order to activate it. Also, note that the “command” is held until
the touch screen surface is released, thereby one cou ld inadvertently
push the wrong key and slide over to the correct key without activating
the wrong key.
Shown above is the Startup screen. Activate the DS8000 by touching the
area.
NOTE: This start screen can be skipped in the Settings menu by selecting the
Autostart option.
5.2 Channel Screen
Channel — Press the channel number to select that channel.
Next Page — Press this selection to go on to the next page of menus.
Mode — This pull down menu
allows the user to select the
operating mode of the channel.
Period — This area sets the
period of the entire waveform in
milliseconds. This is period the total
time of the waveform or custom
waveform. The help area displays the
limits of this function. A warning will
pop up if the width of the channel is
equal to or exceeds the period. The
range of the periods is between 0.02
ms to 10,737,418.24 ms (3 hours).
Fig. 8
Fig. 10: Mode select
Fig. 9: Main channel 1 screen
Next Page
Channel Selection
Increment
Decrement
Help
Area

WORLD PRECISION INSTRUMENTS 15
DS8000
Width — This area allows the pulse width time to be adjusted. All times are in ms
(milliseconds). The range of the pulse width is .02 ms increments. The minimum
pulse width of a bipolar pulse is in 0.04 ms increments.
Waveform — See Section 5.5 for details.
Amplitude — This area allows the user to select a voltage by means of the input
pad by touching a numeric field or by using the “=” key to assign a channel the
same settings as another. The increment decrement section will adjust the output accordingly
by 1.0V in the “++” area and the “+” area by 0.1V
Help Area — This area reports the limits of width, voltage, channel activity and notations of
interest.
Run — This indicator / selector toggles this channels run as on or off. The lighted channel
switch on the front panel also controls this function.
Output — This setting allows the output sent to the BNC connector on the front panel to be
turned on or off.
Increment /Decrement — The increment decrement section will adjust the output accordingly
by 1.0 unit in the “++” selection and by 0.1 unit in the “+” selection.
Input Pad — The input pad accepts numerical - Decimal entry. The single arrow (<) backs up
one space. The double arrow (<<) backs up and erases the entire line.
Equal Window (=) — This entry will enable a channel’s output to be set by the voltage
selection entry or the output voltage and width of another channel or the same output voltage
value as another channel selection (Amplitude Channel x). NOTE: In selecting Analog Out x,
if the selected channel is a ramp or has a lesser period, then the channel will be a ramp or of a
lesser duration.
Fig. 12: Input pad
Fig. 11: Waveform
select