Z-World CM7000 Series User manual

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Users Manual
Revision F
C-Programmable Core Module
CM7000 Series

CM7000 Series Core Modules Users Manual
Part Number 019-0018  Revision F
Last revised on February 18, 1999  Printed in U.S.A.
Copyright
© 1999 Z-World  All rights reserved.
Z-World reserves the right to make changes and improvements to its
products without providing notice.
Trademarks
 Dynamic C®is a registered trademark of Z-World
 Windows®is a registered trademark of Microsoft Corporation
 PLCBusis a trademark of Z-World
 Hayes Smart Modem®is a registered trademark of Hayes
icrocomputer Products, Inc.
Notice to Users
When a system failure may cause serious consequences, protecting life and
property against such consequences with a backup system or safety device
is essential. The buyer agrees that protection against consequences
resulting from system failure is the buyers responsibility.
This device is not approved for life-support or medical systems.
All Z-World products are 100 percent functionally tested. Additional
testing may include visual quality control inspections or mechanical
defects analyzer inspections. Specifications are based on characterization
of tested sample units rather than testing over temperature and voltage of
each unit. Z-World may qualify components to operate within a range of
parameters that is different than the manufacturers recommended range.
This strategy is believed to be more economical and effective. Additional
testing or burn-in of an individual unit is available by special arrangement.
Company Address
Z-World
2900 Spafford Street
Davis, California 95616-6800
USA
Telephone:
Facsimile:
Web Site:
E-Mail:
[phone]
[phone]
http://www.z world.com
[e-mail]

Table of Contents siiiCM7000
TABLE OF CONTENTS
About This Manual ix
Chapter 1: Overview 13
Introduction .......................................................................................... 14
Features ........................................................................................... 14
Options ................................................................................................. 14
CM7100 Series ............................................................................... 14
CM7200 Series ............................................................................... 16
Software Development and Evaluation Tools ...................................... 17
Chapter 2: Getting Started 19
Programming Setup ............................................................................. 20
CM7100 ............................................................................................... 20
CM7100 Method 1  Prototyping Board ...................................... 21
CM7100 Method 2  Development Board.................................... 24
CM7100 Method 3  Embedded in System .................................. 27
CM7100 Method 4  In-Target Direct Development .................... 28
Safeguards .................................................................................... 29
CM7200 ............................................................................................... 30
CM7200 Method 1  Prototyping Board ...................................... 30
CM7200 Method 2  Embedded In System .................................. 32
Chapter 3: System Development 33
General Description ............................................................................. 34
Interface Description............................................................................ 36
CM7000 Subsystems ........................................................................... 39
DMA ............................................................................................... 39
DMA Registers ............................................................................. 40
Software ........................................................................................ 41
Programmable Timers ..................................................................... 42
Software ........................................................................................ 42
EPROM ........................................................................................... 43
CM7100 ........................................................................................ 43
CM7200 ........................................................................................ 45
SRAM ............................................................................................. 46
EEPROM ........................................................................................ 47
Real-Time Clock (RTC) .................................................................. 47

iv sTable of Contents CM7000
Power Management ......................................................................... 48
Handling Power Fluctuations........................................................ 49
The Watchdog Timer .................................................................... 52
Power Shutdown and Reset .......................................................... 52
PFI Early Warning ..................................................................... 52
Memory Protection ....................................................................... 53
Battery/Super Capacitor Backup .................................................. 53
System Reset ................................................................................... 55
Serial Communication.......................................................................... 56
RS-232 Communication .................................................................. 57
Receive and Transmit Buffers ....................................................... 58
Echo Option .................................................................................. 58
CTS/RTS Control ......................................................................... 58
XMODEM File Transfer ................................................................. 58
Modem Communication .................................................................. 59
Interrupt Handling for Z180 Port 0............................................... 59
Software Support .......................................................................... 60
Master-Slave Networking ............................................................... 60
Software Support .......................................................................... 61
Use of the Serial Ports ..................................................................... 62
Attainable Baud Rates .................................................................. 63
Z180 Serial Ports .......................................................................... 63
Asynchronous Serial Communication Interface ................................... 65
ASCI Status Registers ..................................................................... 65
/DCD0 (Data Carrier Detect) ........................................................ 65
TIE (Transmitter Interrupt Enable) ............................................... 65
TDRE (Transmitter Data Register Empty) ................................... 65
CTS1E (CTS Enable, Channel 1) ................................................. 66
RIE (Receiver Interrupt Enable) ................................................... 66
FE (Framing Error) ....................................................................... 66
PE (Parity Error) ........................................................................... 66
OVRN (Overrun Error) ................................................................ 66
RDRF (Receiver Data Register Full) ............................................ 66
ASCI Control Register A ................................................................ 67
MOD0MOD2 (Data Format Mode Bits) .................................... 67
MPBR/EFR (Multiprocessor Bit Receive/Error Flag Reset)........ 67
/RTS0 (Request to Send, Channel 0) ............................................ 67
CKA1D (CKA1 Disable) .............................................................. 67
TE (Transmitter Enable) ............................................................... 67
RE (Receiver Enable) ................................................................... 68
MPE (Multiprocessor Enable) ...................................................... 68

Table of Contents svCM7000
ASCI Control Register B ................................................................68
SS (Source/Speed Select) ............................................................. 68
DR (Divide Ratio) ........................................................................ 69
PEO (Parity Even/Odd) ................................................................ 69
/CTS/PS (Clear to Send/Prescaler) ............................................... 69
MP (Multiprocessor Mode) .......................................................... 69
MPBT (Multiprocessor Bit Transmit) .......................................... 69
Chapter 4: Design Considerations 71
Bus Loading ......................................................................................... 72
Bus Timing ........................................................................................... 76
Standard I/O Cycles ............................................................................. 76
Wait State Insertion ......................................................................... 77
System Power ....................................................................................... 78
Power-On and Reset Management ....................................................... 79
Watchdog Timer ................................................................................... 79
I/O Addressing ..................................................................................... 80
Appendix A: Troubleshooting 81
Out of the Box ...................................................................................... 82
Dynamic C Will Not Start .................................................................... 83
Dynamic C Loses Serial Link .............................................................. 83
CM7000 Repeatedly Resets ................................................................. 83
Common Programming Errors ............................................................. 84
Appendix B: Specifications 85
Electrical and Mechanical Specifications ............................................ 86
Mechanical Dimensions .................................................................. 87
Jumpers and Headers ........................................................................... 88
CM7100 .......................................................................................... 88
CM7200 .......................................................................................... 89
Appendix C: Memory, I/O Map, and Interrupt Vectors 91
CM7000 Memory ................................................................................ 92
Execution Timing ............................................................................ 93
Memory Map ....................................................................................... 94
Input/Output Select Map .................................................................94
Z180 Internal Input/Output Register Addresses 0x00-0x3F ........... 94
Epson 72423 Timer Registers 0x41800x418F .............................. 96
Other Addresses .............................................................................. 97
I/O Addressing .............................................................................. 97

vi sTable of Contents CM7000
Interrupt Vectors .................................................................................. 98
Nonmaskable Interrupts .................................................................. 99
INT0 ................................................................................................ 99
INT1 ................................................................................................ 99
INT2 ................................................................................................ 99
Jump Vectors ................................................................................. 100
Interrupt Priorities ......................................................................... 100
Appendix D: EEPROM 101
Library Routines ................................................................................ 103
Appendix E: Serial Interface Board 2 105
Introduction ........................................................................................ 106
External Dimensions .......................................................................... 107
Appendix F: Prototyping Board 109
Description ......................................................................................... 110
Interfaces ....................................................................................... 111
Power ............................................................................................ 112
Prototyping Area ........................................................................... 113
Reset .............................................................................................. 114
Dimensions ........................................................................................ 115
Jumpers and Headers ......................................................................... 116
Sample Circuits .................................................................................. 119
Digital Input .................................................................................. 119
Digital Output ............................................................................... 120
Appendix G: Development Board 121
Appendix H: LCD/Keypad Module 125
The LCD Driver ................................................................................. 128
The Keypad Driver ............................................................................ 129
Appendix I: Flash Programmer 131
Introduction ........................................................................................ 132
Nonremovable Flash EPROM ...................................................... 132
Requirements ..................................................................................... 133
Selecting a Master EPROM .......................................................... 133
EPROM Sizes ............................................................................... 133
Back-Panel DIP switches .............................................................. 134

Table of Contents sviiCM7000
Operating Procedure to Copy Application ......................................... 135
BIOS Update/Recovery Mode ........................................................... 136
Troubleshooting ................................................................................. 137
CM7100 Compatibility ...................................................................... 137
Appendix J: Sample Applications 139
12-Bit Analog-to-Digital Converter ................................................... 140
Optically Isolated Switch Reader....................................................... 143
Relay Circuit ...................................................................................... 144
24-Bit Parallel I/O.............................................................................. 146
8-Bit Digital-to-Analog Converter ..................................................... 147
SRAM Interface ................................................................................. 149
Protection Circuits ............................................................................. 150
Digital-Noise Filter ....................................................................... 150
Serial-Port Protection .................................................................... 150
Digital I/O Protection .................................................................... 151
Suppliers of Board-Level Protection Devices ............................... 151
Appendix K: Sample Programs 153
Sample Programs on Special EPROM ............................................... 154
Other Sample Programs ..................................................................... 156
Index 157

viii sTable of Contents CM7000
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About This Manual sixCM7000
ABOUT THIS MANUAL
This manual describes the CM7000 Series core modules, their subsystems,
and the CM7100 Evaluation Kit. For ease of reference, this manual uses
CM7000 as a generic term referring to any of the CM7100 or CM7200
Series modules. CM7100 refers to any of the CM7100 Series modules,
and CM7200 refers to the CM7200 Series. Specific models are refer-
enced when appropriate.
Instructions are also provided for using Dynamic C functions.
Assumptions
Assumptions are made regarding the user's knowledge and experience in
the following areas:
 Ability to design and engineer a target system that uses a CM7000.
 Understanding of the basics of operating a software program and
editing files under Windows on a PC.
 Knowledge of the basics of C programming.
$For a full treatment of C, refer to the following texts:
The C Programming Language by Kernighan and Ritchie
C: A Reference Manual by Harbison and Steel
 Knowledge of basic Z80 assembly language and architecture.
$For documentation from Zilog, refer to the following texts:
Z180 MPU User's Manual
Z180 Serial Communication Controllers
Z80 Microprocessor Family User's Manual

CM7000xsAbout This Manual
Acronyms
Table 1 is a list of acronyms that may be used in this manual.
Icons
Table 2 displays and defines icons that may be used in this manual.
Table 1. Acronyms
Acronym Meaning
EPROM Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory
EEPROM Electronically Erasable Programmable Read
Only Memory
LCD Liquid Crystal Display
LED Light Emitting Diode
NMI Nonmaskable Interrupt
PIO Parallel Input / Output Circuit
(Individually Programmable Input / Output)
PRT Programmable Reload Timer
RAM Random Access Memory
RTC Real Time Clock
SIB Serial Interface Board
SRAM Static Random Access Memory
UART Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter
Table 2. Icons
Icon Meaning Icon Meaning
$
Refer to or see
!
Note
(
Please contact
High Voltage
Caution 7LS
Tip
)'
Factory Default

About This Manual sxiCM7000
J1
Pin 1
Table 3. Typographical Conventions
Example Description
while Courier font (bold) indicates a program, a fragment of a
program, or a Dynamic C keyword or phrase.
// IN-01… Program comments are written in Courier font, plain face.
Italics Indicates that something should be typed instead of the
italicized words (e.g., in place of filename, type a file’s
name).
Edit Sans serif font (bold) signifies a menu or menu selection.
. . . An ellipsis indicates that (1) irrelevant program text is
omitted for brevity or that (2) preceding program text may
be repeated indefinitely.
[ ] Brackets in a C function’s definition or program segment
indicate that the enclosed directive is optional.
‹ › Angle brackets occasionally enclose classes of terms.
a | b | c A vertical bar indicates that a choice should be made from
among the items listed.
Conventions
Table 3 lists and defines typographical conventions that may be used in
this manual.
Pin Number 1
A black square indicates
pin 1 of all headers.
Measurements
All diagram and graphic measurements are in inches followed by millime-
ters enclosed in parenthesis.

CM7000xii sAbout This Manual
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CM7000 Overview s13
CHAPTER 1: OVERVIEW

CM700014 sOverview
Introduction
The CM7000 is a microprocessor core module. The CM7000 combines a
complete system engine with integrated development software. You build
your own controller around the plug-in CM7000.
Features
 Small size: 1.80" × 2.05" (45.7 mm × 52.1 mm)
 Microprocessor: Z180 running at 9.216 MHz or 18.432 MHz, includ-
ing two DMA channels, two serial ports, and two programmable timers
(PRTs )
 SRAM: 32K or 128K (512K factory-installed SRAM is also available)
 EPROM:
CM710032-pin DIP socket accommodates up to 512K EPROM
CM7200128K flash EPROM at 128 bytes/sector (256K factory-
installed flash EPROM is also available)
 I/O support: six chip-select lines, supporting 64 addresses each, control
the applications hardware
 Low electromagnetic interference
 Software written for either CM7100 or CM7200 Series is binary-
compatible with the other
Options
The CM7000 is available with two types of memoryCM7100s have
ROM and CM7200s have flash EPROM.
CM7100 Series
Table 1-1 lists the features of each model in the CM7100 Series.
Table 1-1. CM7100 Series Features
Model Features
CM7100 18.432 MHz clock, 128K SRAM, 512-byte EEPROM,
real-time clock, and ADM691 supervisor
CM7110 CM7100 with 9.216 MHz clock
CM7120 CM7100 with 9.216 MHz clock and 32K SRAM
CM7130 CM7100 with 9.216 MHz clock and 32K SRAM. Without
ADM691 supervisor, real-time clock and EEPROM.

(
CM7000 Overview s15
The CM7100 is available in one of the models listed in Table 1-1 or as part of
the Evaluation Kit. The Evaluation Kit contains the following items.
 CM7110 with special EPROM containing sample programs.
 Prototyping Board.
 Manual (with schematics), cables, AC adapter, trial version of Dynamic
C development software.
The trial version of Dynamic C included with the Evaluation Kit contains only the
libraries associated with the Evaluation Kit. Once a decision is made to proceed
with normal development, the standard or deluxe version of Dynamic C must be
purchased. The Development Board supplied with the Developers Kit and the
development EPROM are also available for separate purchase.
For help with upgrading to a full-scale system, call your
Z-World Sales Representative at [phone].
A Developers Kit is available for the CM7100. The Developers Kit
contains the following items.
 Development EPROM.
 Development Board, which plugs into the CM7100 EPROM socket to
emulate ROM with RAM to make it easier to develop and debug large
programs.
 Manual (with schematics), cables, and AC adapter.
A 128K EPROM and an LCD/Keypad module (the LCD/Keypad module
requires a 9.216 MHz clock) are available separately.
Figure 1-1 shows the CM7100 board layout.
Figure 1-1. CM7100 Board Layout
U4
RAM
U2
RTC
U3
EPROM
H2
H1
U1
(H3)
Y1
Z180
U8
U6
PAL
U5 U7
J3
J2
J1
Sel.
(R1)
691
Top Side Microprocessor Side

CM700016 sOverview
Table 1-2. CM7200 Series Features
Model Features
CM7200 18.432 MHz clock, 128K SRAM, real-time clock,
ADM691 supervisor, and 128K flash EPROM
CM7210 CM7200 with 9.216 MHz clock
CM7220 CM7200 with 9.216 MHz clock and 32K SRAM
CM7230 CM7200 with 9.216 MHz clock and 32K SRAM.
Without ADM691 supervisor and real-time clock.
JP1
U2
RAM
U3
Flash
EPROM
U1
RTC
U5
691
U7
Y1
Z180
U8
U6
PAL
H2
Top Side Microprocessor Side
H2
H1 H1
CM7200 Series
Table 1-2 lists the features of each model in the CM7200 Series.
A Developers Kit is available for the CM7200. The Developers Kit
contains the following items.
 Prototyping Board.
 Manual (with schematics), cables and AC adapter.
 Serial Interface Board 2.
The following optional accessories are available for the CM7200.
 Flash Programmer to program flash EPROM.
 256K factory-installed flash EPROM.
 LCD/Keypad module (2 × 20 LCD and 2 × 6 keypad) for use with
CM7200 modules with a 9.216 MHz clock.
Figure 1-2 shows the CM7200 board layout.
Figure 1-2. CM7200 Board Layout

CM7000 Overview s17
(
$
Software Development and Evaluation Tools
Dynamic C, Z-Worlds Windows-based real-time C language development
system, is used to develop software for the CM7000. The host PC
downloads the executable code through the CM7000s RS-232 serial port
or through the Serial Interface Board 2 to one of the following places:
 battery-backed RAM,
 ROM written on a separate EPROM programmer and then
substituted for the Z-World development EPROM, or
 flash EPROM.
Dynamic C allows fast in-target development and debugging.
Z-Worlds Dynamic C reference manuals provide complete
software descriptions and programming instructions.
For ordering information or more details about the various
options and prices, call your Z-World Sales Representative at
[phone].

CM700018 sOverview
Blank

CM7000 Getting Started s19
CHAPTER 2: GETTING STARTED