4IPNET WHG315 User manual

User’s Manual
V2.20
WHG & HSG Series
Secure WLAN Controller /
Wireless Hotspot Gateway

User’s Manual
WHG Controller / HSG Gateway ENGLISH
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Copyright
The contents of this publication may not be reproduced in any part or as a whole, stored,
transcribed in an information retrieval system, translated into any language, or transmitted in any
form or by any means, mechanical, magnetic, electronic, optical, photocopying, manual, or
otherwise, without the prior written permission of 4IPNET, INC.
Disclaimer
4IPNET, INC. does not assume any liability arising out the application or use of any products, or
software described herein. Neither does it convey any license under its parent rights nor the parent
rights of others. 4IPNET further reserves the right to make changes in any products described herein
without notice. The publication is subject to change without notice.
Trademarks
4IPNET (4ipnet) is a registered trademark of 4IPNET, INC. Other trademarks mentioned in this
publication are used for identification purposes only and may be properties of their respective
owners.

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FCC CAUTION
WHG311, WHG321
This equipment has been tested and proven to comply with the limits for a class B digital
device, pursuant to part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide
reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation. This
equipment generates uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and
used in accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio
communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a
particular installation. If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or
television reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on, the
user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following
measures:
---Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.
---Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver.
---Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the
receiver is connected.
---Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help.
WHG315, WHG325, WHG401, WHG405, WHG425, WHG505, WHG515,
WHG525, WHG707, WHG711, HSG1100, HSG1250, HSG3200, HSG3250,
HSG5200
These equipment have been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A
digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide
reasonable protection against harmful interference when the equipment is operated in a
commercial environment. This equipment generates, uses and can radiate radio frequency
energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instruction manual, may
cause harmful interference to radio communications. Operation of this equipment in a
residential area is likely to cause harmful interference in which case the user will be
required to correct the interference at his own expense.

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Table of Contents
Chapter 1. Introduction ........................................................................ 9
1.1. WHG Controller Series ..................................................................... 9
1.2 WHG Controller Models................................................................... 11
1.3 HSG Gateway Series ...................................................................... 11
1.4 HSG Gateway Models ..................................................................... 12
1.5 4ipnet Solution Overview ................................................................ 13
1.6 Key Terms & Concepts ................................................................... 15
1.7 Recommended Configuration Sequence ............................................ 19
1.7.1. Common Settings.............................................................. 19
1.7.2. Advanced Settings and Application....................................... 19
Chapter 2. WMI & Setup Wizard ......................................................... 21
2.1. Web Management Interface ............................................................ 21
2.2 Running the Wizard........................................................................ 23
Chapter 3. Basic Network Settings ..................................................... 28
3.1. Network Planning .......................................................................... 28
3.2. Uplink (WAN side) Configuration...................................................... 31
3.2.1 WAN Settings ................................................................... 31
3.2.2. Dual Uplink ...................................................................... 32
3.2.3. WAN Port Selection for dual WAN1 / WAN2 models................. 34
3.2.4. WAN Traffic Control ........................................................... 36
3.2.5. Uplink Detection & Failover ................................................. 36
3.3. Downlink (LAN side) VLAN option .................................................... 39
3.3.1. Port-Based Service Zone .................................................... 39
3.3.2. Tag-Based Service Zone ..................................................... 40
Chapter 4. User Authentication Database ........................................... 41
4.1. Authentication Database Configuration ............................................. 41
4.2. Built-in Authentication Databases .................................................... 43
4.2.1. Local User Database ............................................................ 43
4.2.2. On-Demand User Database................................................... 46
4.2.3. The Guest Authentication Option.......................................... 51
4.3. External Authentication Options....................................................... 54
4.3.1. RADIUS............................................................................ 55
4.3.2. POP3 ............................................................................... 58
4.3.3. LDAP ............................................................................... 59
4.3.4. NT Domain ....................................................................... 60
4.3.5. SIP .................................................................................. 60
Chapter 5. Group Attributes & Policy Rules......................................... 63
5.1 Overview of the Concept................................................................. 63
5.2 Practical Setups of Group and Policies............................................... 66
Chapter 6. Basic Service Zone Configuration ...................................... 73
6.1 The Concept of Service Zone ........................................................... 73
6.2 Service Zone Setup........................................................................ 73
6.2.1. Tag-based or Port-based Service Zones................................. 73
6.2.2. NAT Mode or Router Mode................................................... 76
6.2.3. Service Zone Network Interface ........................................... 76
6.2.4. DHCP Server options.......................................................... 77
6.2.5. Authentication Options ....................................................... 78
6.2.6. Portal Customization .......................................................... 80
Chapter 7. Basic AP Management (WHG Only).................................... 83
7.1. Introduction ................................................................................. 83

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7.2 Local Area AP Management ............................................................. 86
7.2.1 AP List .............................................................................. 86
7.2.2 AP Adding and Discovery ..................................................... 87
7.2.3 Templates Configuration ...................................................... 90
7.2.4. AP Firmware Management .................................................. 92
7.2.5 WDS Links ......................................................................... 93
7.2.6 Rogue AP Scanning ............................................................. 96
7.2.7 AP Load Balancing Feature ................................................... 97
7.3 Wide Area AP Management ............................................................. 98
7.3.1. Adding an Access Point....................................................... 99
7.3.2. AP Discovery to find Multiple Access Points ............................ 99
7.3.3 AP Configuration with Templates ..........................................100
7.3.4 AP auto Discovery and Configuration using CAPWAP ...............101
7.3.5 Tunneled VAP Location Mapping Setup ..................................106
7.3.6 Access Points on Map .........................................................107
7.3.7 Rogue AP Scanning ............................................................109
7.3.8 AP Load Balancing Feature ..................................................110
Chapter 8. Advanced Settings for Network Environment ........................ 111
8.1 IPv4 / IPv6 Dual Stack Network.....................................................111
8.2 User Access Control .....................................................................114
8.3 Certification ...............................................................................117
8.3.1. System Certificate ............................................................118
8.3.2. Internal Root CA...............................................................119
8.3.3. Internally Issued Certificate ...............................................120
8.3.4. Trusted Certificate Authorities ............................................121
8.4 Management Access .....................................................................122
Chapter 9. Utilities for Controller Management................................. 123
9.1 WHG Controller Management .........................................................123
9.2 Configuration Backup & Restore ......................................................125
9.3 Firmware Upgrade.........................................................................127
9.4 Restart .......................................................................................128
Chapter 10. Reports and Logs for Monitoring ..................................... 129
10.1 System Related Status ..................................................................129
10.1.1 The Dashboard..................................................................129
10.1.2 System Summary ..............................................................130
10.1.3 Network Interface..............................................................132
10.1.4 Routing...........................................................................134
10.1.5 DHCP Server ...................................................................134
10.2 Client Related Status ....................................................................136
10.2.1 Online User .....................................................................136
10.2.2 Associated Non Login Users ...............................................136
10.2.3 Cross Gateway Roaming Users ...........................................137
10.2.4 On-Demand Roaming Out User...........................................137
10.2.5 Session List .....................................................................138
10.3 Logs and Reports .........................................................................139
10.3.1 System Related................................................................139
10.3.2 User Events.....................................................................140
10.4 Reports & Notification ...................................................................141
Chapter 11. Hotspot Application ......................................................... 144
11.1 On-Demand Billing Plans ...............................................................144
11.2 On-Demand Billing Plan Types .......................................................145

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11.2.1 Usage-time with Expiration Time........................................145
11.2.2. Usage-time with No Expiration Time ..................................147
11.2.3. Hotel Cut-off-time ...........................................................149
11.2.4. Volume..........................................................................150
11.2.5. Duration-time with Elapsed Time.......................................152
11.2.6. Duration-time with Cut-off Time........................................154
11.2.7. Duration-time with Begin-and-End Time.............................155
11.3 Terminal Server Setup ..................................................................157
11.4 Customizing POS Tickets ...............................................................165
11.5 Creating Accounts ........................................................................170
11.6 User Self Service..........................................................................172
Chapter 12. PMS Integration .............................................................. 177
12.1 Hotel Room Location Mapping ........................................................178
12.2 Net-Retriever...............................................................................180
12.3 Micros Opera ...............................................................................181
Chapter 13. Account Roaming............................................................. 184
13.1 Roaming Related ..........................................................................184
13.2 WISPr for ISP Roaming ..................................................................184
13.3 Cross Gateway Roaming.................................................................186
13.4 Local / On-Demand Account Roaming Out.........................................187
Chapter 14. VPN ................................................................................. 190
14.1 Site-to-Site .................................................................................190
14.2 Remote Client..............................................................................192
14.3 Local Client .................................................................................193
Chapter 15. Switch Management ........................................................ 195
15.1 Switch List ..................................................................................195
15.2 PoE Schedule Template .................................................................196
15.3 Backup Configuration....................................................................197
Chapter 16. Platform Dependent Features.......................................... 198
16.1 High Availability (HA) (WHG321, WHG325, WHG405, WHG515,
WHG525, WHG707, WHG711, WHG801).........................................198
16.2 Hardware Button (WHG311, WHG315) ............................................200
16.2.1. Quick-Restore.................................................................201
16.2.2. Quick-VPN .....................................................................205
16.2.3. Quick-Maintenance..........................................................206
16.3 AP Simulation (WHG321, WHG325, WHG405, WHG425, WHG515,
WHG525, WHG711, WHG801) .......................................................208
16.3.1. Simulation Tool (Utilities) .................................................208
16.3.2. Managed AP Simulation (Status) .......................................212
Appendix A. WHG Models & Installation.............................................. 213
Appendix B. HSG Models & Installation ............................................... 229
Appendix C. External Pages ................................................................ 235
Appendix D. Useful Management & Evaluation Tools ............................ 249
Appendix E. On-Demand Account Types ............................................... 251
Appendix F. UI Reference Index ........................................................... 258
I. Main .....................................................................................258
II. Setup Wizard..........................................................................258
III. Dashboard ............................................................................259
A. System ..................................................................................260
1) General ..................................................................................260

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2) WAN .....................................................................................261
3) IPv6 .....................................................................................263
4) LAN Ports ...............................................................................264
5) High Availability ......................................................................264
6) Service Zones .........................................................................265
7) Port Location Mapping ..............................................................270
8) Middleware .............................................................................274
B. Users .....................................................................................276
1) Groups...................................................................................276
2) Internal Authentication.............................................................277
3) External Authentication ............................................................279
4) On-Demand Accounts...............................................................279
5) Schedule ................................................................................280
6) Policies...................................................................................281
7) Blacklists................................................................................282
8) Privilege Lists..........................................................................283
5) Additional Control ....................................................................283
C. Access Points ..........................................................................285
1) Local Area AP Management .......................................................285
a) Overview................................................................................285
b) List .....................................................................................286
c) Adding ...................................................................................287
d) Discovery ...............................................................................288
e) Templates...............................................................................289
f) Firmware ................................................................................297
g) Upgrade .................................................................................297
h) WDS Management ...................................................................298
i) Rogue AP Detection ..................................................................299
j) AP Load Balancing ....................................................................300
2) Wide Area AP Management .......................................................301
a) Map .....................................................................................301
b) List .....................................................................................308
c) Discovery ...............................................................................311
d) Adding ...................................................................................312
e) Template ................................................................................313
f) WDS List.................................................................................318
g) Backup Config .........................................................................319
h) Firmware................................................................................319
i) CAPWAP ..................................................................................319
j) Rogue AP Detection ..................................................................320
k) AP Load Balancing ...................................................................321
l) Third Party AP Management .......................................................322
D. Switches ................................................................................322
1) Switch List..............................................................................322
2) PoE Schedule Template.............................................................323
3) Backup Configuration ...............................................................325
E. Network .................................................................................325
1) NAT .....................................................................................325
2) Monitor IP ..............................................................................327
3) Walled Garden and Walled Garden Ad .........................................328
4) VPN .....................................................................................329

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5) Proxy Server...........................................................................331
6) Local DNS Record ....................................................................333
7) Dynamic Routing .....................................................................334
8) DDNS ....................................................................................338
9) Client Mobility .........................................................................338
F. Utilities ...................................................................................339
1) Administrator Account ..............................................................339
2) Backup & Restore ....................................................................343
3) Certificates .............................................................................344
4) Network Utilities ......................................................................347
5) Simulation Tool .......................................................................349
6) Restart...................................................................................350
7) System Upgrade......................................................................351
G. Status....................................................................................351
1) System Summary ....................................................................352
2) Interface ................................................................................354
3) Monitor Users..........................................................................355
4) Managed AP Simulation ............................................................356
5) Process Monitor.......................................................................357
6) Logs & Reports........................................................................358
7) Reporting ...............................................................................359
8) Session List ............................................................................365
9) DHCP Lease ............................................................................365
10) Routing Table ........................................................................367

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Chapter 1.Introduction
1.1. WHG Controller Series
4ipnet WHG Controllers are feature rich network edge devices designed for network
service provisioning, authentication, security, and management. Depending on the
scale of deployment, there are a selection 4ipnet WHG Controller models to meet
the network demands with various scale of capacities.
4ipnet WHG Controllers are designed to cater for the fundamental needs of any
network environment, namely triple A (AAA) which stands for Authentication,
Authorization, and Accounting. With 4ipnet WHG Controllers, various users are
authenticated based on user role, from there it will define the user’s accessible
network segments, the user’s network portfolio including accessible time, QoS,
routing rules, firewall rules, usage terms and privileges which are collectively
known as authorization. Finally accounting are performed by 4ipnet WHG
Controllers periodically while a client is using the network, updating the accounting
information for this client to either the internal user database or an external user
database depending on deployment.
Wireless network provisioning is no easy task when the scale reaches multiple AP
deployments. 4ipnet WHG Controllers are equipped with comprehensive AP
management feature to cover not only 4ipent AP devices deployed locally under the
Local Area Network (LAN) but also 4ipnet AP devices deployed remotely in the Wide
Area Network (WAN), relative to the location of your 4ipnet WHG Controller.
Furthermore, with a 3rd party AP management interface, 4ipnet WHG Controllers
are capable of performing generic AP management features including associated
online user monitoring, shortcut to GUI interface, and location planning for non-
4ipnet APs.

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Network safety and traffic control are other big areas of concern for network
owners, hoteliers as these are major factors in determining the quality and stability
of your network environment as a whole. 4ipnet WHG Controllers addresses these
needs with the following major features: equipped with static and dynamic routing
features for optimized path selection, QoS mapping for enforcing bandwidth control
to each individual user, system uplink bandwidth control, and customization firewall
protocols and rules.
Common networking features can be found well packed into the 4ipnet WHG
Controllers. Providing three varieties of NAT function, Walled Garden for free
website surfing, Network device monitoring tool, Static DNS translation, Proxy
Server, VPN and more. 4ipnet WHG Controllers simplify network deployment by
incorporation multiple networking features into one device, avoiding the need to
setup external NAT servers, Proxy servers, VPN gateway, etc. thereby reducing
deployment complexity.
Network Maintenance and Network monitoring tasks are made easy with built in
displays of system traffic, system resource utilization such as CPU usage and
memory consumption, online user record, DHCP lease record, and more. Event logs
can be sent to external servers for long term record keeping or in depth analysis.

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1.2 WHG Controller Models
4ipnet WHG Controller product line comes with the following models for targeting
network deployment of variable scale.
SMB & Enterprise Controllers
WHG311, WHG315, WHG321, WHG325, WHG401, WHG405, WHG425
Large Enterprise & Carrier Grade Controllers
WHG505, WHG515, WHG525, WHG707, WHG711, WHG801
Note: 4ipnet may continue to introduce new platforms, and may retire old
platforms, please refer to our website http://www.4ipnet.com for the latest product
line status. For more detailed listing of each model hardware and installation know
how, please refer to Appendix A.
1.3 HSG Gateway Series
4ipnet HSG Gateways are feature rich network edge devices designed for network
service provisioning, authentication, security, and management. Depending on the
scale of deployment, there are a selection models to meet the network demands
with various scale of capacities.
4ipnet HSG Gateway are designed to cater for the fundamental needs of any
network environment, namely triple A (AAA) which stands for Authentication,
Authorization, and Accounting. Various users are authenticated based on user role,
from there it will define the user’s accessible network segments, the user’s network
portfolio including accessible time, QoS, routing rules, firewall rules, usage terms
and privileges which are collectively known as authorization. Accounting are
performed periodically while a client is using the network, updating the accounting

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information for this client to either the internal user database or an external user
database depending on deployment.
Network safety and traffic control are other big areas of concern for network
owners, hoteliers as these are major factors in determining the quality and stability
of your network environment as a whole. 4ipnet HSG Gateways address these
needs with the following major features: equipped with static and dynamic routing
features for optimized path selection, QoS mapping for enforcing bandwidth control
to each individual user, system uplink bandwidth control, and customization firewall
protocols and rules.
Common networking features can be found well packed into the 4ipnet HSG
Gateway. Providing three varieties of NAT function, Walled Garden for free website
surfing, Network device monitoring tool, Static DNS translation, Proxy Server, VPN
and more. 4ipnet HSG Gateway simplify network deployment by incorporation
multiple networking features into one device, avoiding the need to setup external
NAT servers, Proxy servers, VPN gateway, etc. thereby reducing deployment
complexity.
Network Maintenance and Network monitoring tasks are made easy with built in
displays of system traffic, system resource utilization such as CPU usage and
memory consumption, online user record, DHCP lease record, and more. Event logs
can be sent to external servers for long term record keeping or in depth analysis.
1.4 HSG Gateway Models
4ipnet HSG Gateway product line comes with the following models for targeting
network deployment of variable scale.
SMB & Enterprise Controllers
HSG1100, HSG1250, HSG3200, HSG3250

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Large Enterprise & Carrier Grade Controllers
HSG5200
NOTE
Please note that all HSG Gateways do not support Local and Wide AP
management as well as Local & Remote VPN.
Note: 4ipnet may continue to introduce new platforms, and may retire old
platforms, please refer to our website http://www.4ipnet.com for the latest product
line status. For more detailed listing of each model hardware and installation know
how, please refer to Appendix B.
1.5 4ipnet Solution Overview
4ipnet WHG Controllers are designed for network management over almost all
current network architectures, Layer 2 (Data Link Layer) and Layer 3 (Network
Layer).
Layer 2 networks are relative simple network deployment topology that span
physically under the LAN ports of 4ipnet WHG Controllers, two deployment
scenarios are illustrated below.

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【Layer 2 Network in Port Based Mode】
【Layer 2 Network in Tag Based Mode】
Layer 3 networks not only span physically under the LAN ports of 4ipnet WHG
Controller, it is also capable of reaching over different IP networks to manage
remote sites with routable IP address via tunnels.

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【Layer 3 Network with tunnels】
1.6 Key Terms & Concepts
Gateway is an edge device or network node where a small network attaches to a
bigger network. 4ipnet WHG Controllers are in essence gateways in a network
environment. Conventionally, the bigger network is referred as the WAN side or
upstream network (physically connected via the WAN port), while the small network
is referred as the LAN side.
Local User is a type of user whose account credential is stored in the 4ipnet WHG
Controller’s built-in database named “Local”. The 4ipnet WHG Controller’s “Local”
database capacity varies with different model. A local user account does not have
an expiration date once they are created. If administrator wishes to delete local
accounts, this must be done manually from the Web Management Interface. In
addition, 4ipnet WHG Controller’s Local database can be configured as an external
RADIUS database for another 4ipnet WHG Controller for account roaming.
On-Demand User is a type of user whose account credential is stored in the

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4ipnet WHG Controller’s built-in database named “On-Demand”. The 4ipnet WHG
Controller’s “On-Demand” database capacity varies with different model. On-
Demand User is designed for short term usage purpose; it has time or volume
constraints and an expiration period. An On-Demand account record will be recycled
for creating new On-Demand account if it has expired for over 15 days or has been
deleted by the Administrator/Manager manually. In addition, 4ipnet WHG
Controller’s On-Demand database can be configured as an external RADIUS
database for another 4ipnet WHG Controller for account roaming.
External Authentication Database is a user account database that is not built-in
the 4ipnet WHG Controller. Besides Local database and On-Demand database,
4ipnet WHG Controller supports four additional types of External Authentication
databases namely RADIUS, POP3, LDAP (including Active Directory), and NTDomain
(Win2K’s NTDS). External Authentication Database is useful for both implementing
account roaming and centralized account management.
Service Zone is a logic partition of 4ipnet WHG Controller’s LAN. The concept of
Service Zone is that it is a virtual gateway with customizable login portal page with
its own gateway properties (such as LAN IP address, DHCP server settings,
authentication options, etc.). With up to nine independent Service Zone profiles,
4ipnet WHG Controller is capable of servicing multiple hotspot franchises with a
single device.
LAN Port Mapping is the correspondence relationship of logical network partitions,
i.e. Service Zones to physical LAN ports on the 4ipnet WHG Controller There are
two modes of mapping available namely “Port-Based”, and “Tag-Based”. Port-Based
mode statically maps a Service Zone to clients down stream of a physical LAN port.
This mode will only service the maximum number of service zones based on the
amount of physical LAN ports. Tag-Based mode dynamically maps a client to a
service zone based on the VLAN ID tagged on the traffic packet.

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Group is a user role profile which defines the accessibility of a user to different
Service Zones and in turn defines the QoS properties as well as network policy
when access is granted. Each and every connected user will belong to a Group,
determined by the type of user account used for authentication. If the administrator
does not assign a new account to any specific Group or for users not required to
authenticate, they will belong to a catch-all group named “None” by default.
Policy is the second tier of user control once a user’s Group profile has been
determined. Policy defines the firewall rules, privileges, login schedule, routing rules
and session limit which will be enforced to users of a particular Group. A user may
only belong to one Group but can be governed by different policies while accessing
different Service Zones.
For users belonging to the “None” group or users not explicitly assigned a network
Policy, they will be governed by a default catch-all policy named ‘Global-Policy’. The
Global-Policy is a base policy which will be applied to all users if not applied with
another policy.
The following Figure is an example that depicts the relationship between Service
Zone, Group and Policy. In this example, Students and faculties logging into Service
Zone 1 will be governed by Policy-A. Guests only have access to Service Zone 3,
and will be bounded by Policy-C. Faculties have the access to both Service Zone 1
and Service Zone 2 under two different policies.

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【Relationship of Service Zone, Group and Policy】
Service Zone 1 Service Zone 2 Service Zone 3
Policy-B
Group
Student Group Faculty Group Guest
Policy-CPolicy-A

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1.7 Recommended Configuration Sequence
Set up system’s Time Zone, NTP server, DNS server and WAN1 address
Configure LAN address range for at least one Service Zone, and enable its
authentication.
Create user accounts to test the login page via wire line in the enabled Service
Zone.
Try to generate an On-Demand user and test the account.
Configure Wireless Settings of Service Zone and add in AP.
Configure necessary Service Zones based on applications.
Set up Group and Policy (including Firewall rules and Session Limit).
Customize the portal login page and add walled garden Advertisement links if
needed.
Set up Payment gateway to allow end user credit card self payment for On-
Demand accounts if needed.
Load SSL certificate for the Web Server before operation.
Monitor generated status pages and reports.
Perform other advanced setting for other specific application.
1.7.1. Common Settings
For the most commonly deployed scenarios in a standard network, please
refer to Chapters 3 to 7.
Chapters 3 to 7contain configuration topics that encompass the most
commonly used features in a typical network environment. It is recommended
for users to start from Chapter 3 and proceed through Chapter 7 for any
deployment.
1.7.2. Advanced Settings and Application
Chapters 8 to 10 discuss about security, system maintenance, and
monitoring. These contents are useful once you have successfully configured

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the necessary functionalities and are for operation usage once your network
is up and running.
Customers with needs to fulfill specific applications, integration with 3rd party
devices, customization etc., please refer to Chapters 11 and beyond for
advanced feature setup.