Agilent Technologies AGILENT U2761A User manual

Agilent Technologies
Agilent U2761A
USB Modular
Function/Arbitrary
Waveform Generator
User’s Guide

II U2761A User’s Guide
Notices
© Agilent Technologies, Inc., 2008-2009
No part of this manual may be reproduced in
any form or by any means (including elec-
tronic storage and retrieval or translation
into a foreign language) without prior agree-
ment and written consent from Agilent
Technologies, Inc. as governed by United
States and international copyright laws.
Manual Part Number
U2761-90000
Edition
Third Edition, January 31, 2009
Agilent Technologies, Inc.
3501 Stevens Creek Blvd.
Santa Clara, CA 95052 USA
Warranty
The material contained in this docu-
ment is provided “as is,” and is sub-
ject to being changed, without notice,
in future editions. Further, to the max-
imum extent permitted by applicable
law, Agilent disclaims all warranties,
either express or implied, with regard
to this manual and any information
contained herein, including but not
limited to the implied warranties of
merchantability and fitness for a par-
ticular purpose. Agilent shall not be
liable for errors or for incidental or
consequential damages in connec-
tion with the furnishing, use, or per-
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information contained herein. Should
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arate agreement shall control.
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Items) and DFARS 227.7202-3 (Rights in
Commercial Computer Software or Com-
puter Software Documentation).
Safety Notices
CAUTION
A CAUTION notice denotes a haz-
ard. It calls attention to an operat-
ing procedure, practice, or the like
that, if not correctly performed or
adhered to, could result in damage
to the product or loss of important
data. Do not proceed beyond a
CAUTION notice until the indicated
conditions are fully understood and
met.
WARNING
A WARNING notice denotes a
hazard. It calls attention to an
operating procedure, practice, or
the like that, if not correctly per-
formed or adhered to, could result
in personal injury or death. Do not
proceed beyond a WARNING
notice until the indicated condi-
tions are fully understood and
met.
Trademark Acknowledgements
Pentium is a U.S. registered trademark of
Intel Corporation.
Microsoft, Visual Studio, Windows, and MS
Windows are trademarks of Microsoft Cor-
poration in the United States and/or other
countries.

U2761A User’s Guide III
Safety Symbols
The following symbols on the instrument and in the documentation
indicate precautions which must be taken to maintain safe operation of
the instrument.
Direct current (DC) Equipment protected throughout by
double insulation or reinforced
insulation
Alternating current (AC) Off (supply)
Both direct and alternating current On (supply)
Three-phase alternating current Caution, risk of electric shock
Earth (ground) terminal Caution, risk of danger (refer to this
manual for specific Warning or Caution
information)
Protective conductor terminal Caution, hot surface
Frame or chassis terminal Out position of a bi-stable push control
Equipotentiality In position of a bi-stable push control

IV U2761A User’s Guide
General Safety Information
The following general safety precautions must be observed during all
phases of operation of this instrument. Failure to comply with these
precautions or with specific warnings elsewhere in this manual violates
safety standards of design, manufacture and intended use of the
instrument. Agilent Technologies Inc. assumes no liability for the
customer’s failure to comply with these requirements.
WARNING
• Do not operate the product in an explosive atmosphere or in the
presence of flammable gases or fumes.
• Do not use the equipment if it does not operate properly. Have the
equipment inspected by qualified service personnel(s).
CAUTION
•Observe all markings on the instrument before connecting any wiring to
the instrument.
•Use the device with the cables provided.
•Repair or service that is not covered in this manual should only be
performed by qualified personnel(s).

U2761A User’s Guide V
Environment Conditions
This instrument is designed for indoor use and in the area with low
condensation. The table below shows the general environmental
requirements for this instrument.
Environment conditions Requirements
Operating temperature 0 °C to 50 °C
Operating humidity 20 to 85% RH non-condensing
Storage temperature –20 °C to 70 °C
Storage humidity 5 to 90% RH non-condensing
CAUTION
The U2761A USB modular function/arbitrary waveform generator
complies with the following safety and EMC requirements.
•IEC 61010-1:2001/EN61010-1:2001 (2nd Edition)
•Canada: CAN/CSA-C22.2 No. 61010-1-04
•USA: ANSI/UL 61010-1:2004
•IEC 61326-2002/EN 61326:1997+A1:1998+A2:2001+A3:2003
•Canada: ICES-001:2004
•Australia/New Zealand: AS/NZS CISPR11:2004

VI U2761A User’s Guide
Regulatory Markings
The CE mark is a registered trademark
of the European Community.This CE
mark shows that the product complies
with all the relevant European Legal
Directives.
The C-tick mark is a registered
trademark of the Spectrum
Management Agency of Australia.
This signifies compliance with
the Australia EMC Framework
regulations under the terms of the
Radio Communication Act of 1992.
ICES/NMB-001 indicates that this
ISM device complies with Canadian
ICES-001.
Cet appareil ISM est confomre a la
norme NMB-001 du Canada.
This instrument complies with the
WEEE Directive (2002/96/EC)
marking requirement. This affixed
product label indicates that you must
not discard this electrical/electronic
product in domestic household waste.
The CSA mark is a registered
trademark of the Canadian Standards
Association.

U2761A User’s Guide VII
Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) Directive
2002/96/EC
This instrument complies with the WEEE Directive (2002/96/EC) marking
requirement. This affixed product label indicates that you must not discard
this electrical/electronic product in domestic household waste.
Product Category:
With reference to the equipment types in the WEEE directive Annex 1, this
instrument is classified as a “Monitoring and Control Instrument” product.
The affixed product label is shown as below:
Do not dispose in domestic household waste
To return this unwanted instrument, contact your nearest Agilent office, or
visit:
www.agilent.com/environment/product
for more information.

VIII U2761A User’s Guide
Declaration of Conformity
DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY
According to EN ISO/IEC 17050-1:2004
Generic example
Manufacturer’s Name: Agilent Technologies Microwave Products (M) Sdn. Bhd
Manufacturer’s Address: Bayan Lepas Free Industrial Zone,
11900, Bayan Lepas, Penang, Malaysia
Declares under sole responsibility that the product as originally delivered
Product Name: Agilent USB Modular Function Generator
Models Number: U2761A
Product Options: This declaration covers all options of the above product(s)
complies with the essential requirements of the following applicable European Directives, and
carries the CE marking accordingly:
Low Voltage Directive (2006/95/EC)
EMC Directive (2004/108/EC)
and conforms with the following product standards:
EMC Standard
StandardStandard
Standard
Limit LimitLimit
Limit
IEC 61326:2002 / EN 61326:1997+A1:1998+A2:2001+A3:2003
CISPR 11:1990 / EN55011:1990 Class A Group 1
IEC 61000-4-2:1995 / EN 61000-4-2:1995 4 kV CD, 8 kV AD
IEC 61000-4-3:1995 / EN 61000-4-3:1996 3 V/m, 80-1000 MHz
IEC 61000-4-4:1995 / EN 61000-4-4:1995 0.5 kV signal lines, 1 kV power lines
IEC 61000-4-5:1995 / EN 61000-4-5:1995 0.5 kV line-line, 1 kV line-ground
IEC 61000-4-6:1996 / EN 61000-4-6:1996 3 V, 0.15-80 MHz
IEC 61000-4-11:1994 / EN 61000-4-11:1994 1 cycle / 100%
Canada: ICES-001:2004
Australia/New Zealand: AS/NZS CISPR11:2004
The product was tested in a typical configuration with Agilent Technologies test systems.
Safety IEC 61010-1:2001 / EN 61010-1:2001
Canada: CAN/CSA-C22.2 No. 61010-1-04
USA: ANSI/UL 61010-1:2004
206349
This DoC applies to above-listed products placed on the EU market after:
08-Jan-2008
Date Tay Eng Su
Quality Manager
For further information, please contact your local Agilent Technologies sales office, agent or distributor,
or Agilent Technologies Deutschland GmbH, Herrenberger Straße 130, 71034 Böblingen, Germany.
Template: A5971-5302-2, Rev. E U2761A DoC Revision 1.0

U2761A User’s Guide IX
Product Regulations
Performance Criteria
IEC 61326-1:2002 / EN 61326-1:1997+A1:1998+A2:2001+A3:2003
CISPR 11:1990 / EN 55011:1990
– Group 1 Class A
IEC 61000-4-2:1995 / EN 61000-4-2:1995 (ESD 4kV CD, 8kV AD) A
IEC 61000-4-3:1995 / EN 61000-4-3:1996 (3V/m, 80% AM) A
IEC 61000-4-4:1995 / EN 61000-4-4:1995 (EFT 0.5kV line-line, 1kV line-earth) B
IEC 61000-4-5:1995 / EN 61000-4-5:1995 (Surge 0.5kV line-line, 1kV line-earth) A
IEC 61000-4-6:1996 / EN 61000-4-6:1996 (3V, 0.15~80 MHz, 80% AM, power line) A
IEC 61000-4-11:1994 / EN 61000-4-11:1994 (Dips 1 cycle, 100%) A
Canada: ICES-001:2004
Australia/New Zealand: AS/NZS CISPR11:2004
EMC
IEC 61010-1:2001 / EN 61010-1:2001
Canada: CAN/CSA-C22.2 No. 61010-1-04
USA: ANSI/UL 61010-1:2004
Safety
Additional Information:
The product herewith complies with the essential requirements of the Low Voltage Directive 2006/95/EC and the
EMC Directive 2004/108/EC and carries the CE Marking accordingly (European Union).
1
Performance Criteria:
A Pass - Normal operation, no effect.
B Pass - Temporary degradation, self recoverable.
C Pass - Temporary degradation, operator intervention required.
D Fail - Not recoverable, component damage.
N/A – Not applicable
Notes:
Regulatory Information for Canada
ICES/NMB-001:2004
This ISM device complies with Canadian ICES-001.
Cet appareil ISM est confomre à la norme NMB-001 du Canada.
Regulatory Information for Australia/New Zealand
This ISM device complies with Australian/New Zealand AS/NZS CISPR11:2004

XU2761A User’s Guide
In This Guide…
1GettingStarted
In this chapter, you prepare your system for installation and configuration
to get started with the U2761A.
2 Features and Functions
In this chapter, you will learn about the functions and features offered by
the U2761A.
3 Characteristics and Specifications
In this chapter, you will observe the product characteristics and
specifications.

U2761A User's Guide XI
Contents
1GettingStarted1
Introduction 2
Product at a Glance 3
Product Outlook 3
Product Dimensions 5
Dimensions Without Bumpers 5
Dimensions With Bumpers 6
Standard Purchase Items 7
Inspection and Maintenance 8
Initial Inspection 8
Electrical Check 8
General Maintenance 8
Installation and Configuration 9
Installation 9
A. Check Your System 10
B. Install the IO Libraries Suite 11
C. Install the Module Driver 12
D. Install the Agilent Measurement Manager 13
E. Connect the Module to Your PC 15
F. Verify Your Module Connection 19
G. Launch Your Agilent Measurement Manager 21
55-Pin Backplane Connector Pin Configuration 23
Chassis Installation 24
2 Features and Functions 25
Output Configuration 26
Introduction 26
Output Function 26

XII U2761A User's Guide
Output Frequency 29
Output Amplitude 31
DC Offset Voltage 33
Output Units 35
Output Termination 36
Duty Cycle (Square Waves) 38
Symmetry (Ramp Wave) 40
Output Control 41
Set Output Using SCPI Commands 42
Pulse Waveform 45
Pulse Period 45
Pulse Width 46
Pulse Duty Cycle 47
Generate Pulse Waveform Using SCPI Commands 48
Amplitude Modulation (AM) 49
To S e l e c t A M 49
Carrier Waveform 50
Carrier Frequency 51
Modulating Waveform 52
Modulating Waveform Frequency 53
Modulation Depth 53
Generate AM Using SCPI Commands 54
Frequency Modulation (FM) 55
To S e l e c t F M 55
Carrier Waveform 56
Carrier Frequency 57
Modulating Waveform 58
Modulating Waveform Frequency 59
Frequency Deviation 59
Generate FM Using SCPI Commands 60
Phase Modulation (PM) 61

U2761A User's Guide XIII
To S e l e c t P M 61
Carrier Waveform 62
Carrier Frequency 63
Modulating Waveform 64
Modulating Waveform Frequency 64
Phase Deviation 65
Generate PM Using SCPI Commands 65
Frequency-Shift Keying (FSK) Modulation 66
To Select FSK Modulation 66
Carrier Waveform 67
FSK Carrier Frequency 68
FSK “Hop” Frequency 69
Generate FSK Modulation Using SCPI Commands 70
Phase-Shift Keying (PSK) Modulation 71
To Select PSK Modulation 71
Carrier Waveform 72
PSK Carrier Frequency 73
PSK Rate 74
PSK Deviation 74
Generate PSK Modulation Using SCPI Commands 75
Amplitude-Shift Keying (ASK) Modulation 76
To Select ASK Modulation 76
Carrier Waveform 77
Carrier Frequency 78
ASK Rate 79
Generate ASK Modulation Using SCPI Commands 79
Frequency Sweep 80
To Select Sweep 80
Start Frequency and Stop Frequency 81
Sweep Mode 82
Sweep Time 82

XIV U2761A User's Guide
Sweep Trigger Source 83
Set Frequency Sweep Using SCPI Commands 84
Triggering 85
Trigger Source Choices 85
Internal Triggering 86
Manual Triggering 86
External Triggering 87
Trigger Input Signal 88
Trigger Output Signal 88
Set Triggering Using SCPI Commands 90
Arbitrary Waveforms 91
To Create and Store an Arbitrary Waveform 91
3 Characteristics and Specifications 95
Product Characteristics 96
Product Specifications and Characteristics 97
Index 103

U2761A User’s Guide XV
List of Figures
Figure 1-1 55-pin backplane connector pin configuration 23
Figure 2-1 U2761A soft front panel 28
Figure 2-2 Top panel view of the U2761A 29
Figure 2-3 Panel view of the frequency section 30
Figure 2-4 Panel view of the amplitude section 32
Figure 2-5 Panel view of the DC offset section 34
Figure 2-6 Panel view of the Tools menu 37
Figure 2-7 Square wave duty cycles 38
Figure 2-8 Panel view of the duty cycle section 39
Figure 2-9 Ramp wave duty cycles 40
Figure 2-10 Panel view of the symmetry section 40
Figure 2-11 Panel view of the output section 41
Figure 2-12 Pulse waveform 45
Figure 2-13 Panel view of the pulse width section 46
Figure 2-14 AM waveform 49
Figure 2-15 Panel view of AM 50
Figure 2-16 Panel view of the Arbitrary waveform 51
Figure 2-17 FM waveform 55
Figure 2-18 Panel view of FM 56
Figure 2-19 PM waveform 61
Figure 2-20 Panel view of PM 62
Figure 2-21 FSK modulation waveform 66
Figure 2-22 Panel view of FSK 67
Figure 2-23 PSK modulation waveform 71
Figure 2-24 Panel view of PSK 72
Figure 2-25 ASK modulation waveform 76
Figure 2-26 Panel view of ASK 77
Figure 2-27 Frequency sweep 80
Figure 2-28 Panel view of sweep 81
Figure 2-29 Trigger input pulse 88

XVI U2761A User’s Guide
Figure 2-30 Trigger output pulse 88
Figure 2-31 Ramp waveform 91
Figure 2-32 Waveform download in progress 93

U2761A User’s Guide XVII
List of Tables
Ta b l e 1-1 Synchronous Simultaneous Interface (SSI) connector pin
description 23
Ta b l e 2-1 Output functions 26
Ta b l e 2-2 Output frequency range 29
Ta b l e 2-3 Carrier frequency for AM 51
Ta b l e 2-4 Carrier frequency for FM 57
Ta b l e 2-5 Carrier frequency for PM 63
Ta b l e 2-6 Carrier frequency for FSK 68
Ta b l e 2-7 “Hop” frequency 69
Ta b l e 2-8 Carrier frequency for PSK 73
Ta b l e 2-9 Carrier frequency for ASK 78

XVIII U2761A User’s Guide

1
Agilent Technologies
Agilent U2761A USB Modular Function/Arbitrary Waveform Generator
User’s Guide
1
Getting Started
Introduction 2
Product at a Glance 3
Product Dimensions 5
Standard Purchase Items 7
Inspection and Maintenance 8
Installation and Configuration 9
This chapter provides the introduction of the U2761A that
helps you get acquainted with the product and the product
outlook. This chapter also includes the installation and
configuration procedures that will help you get started with
the U2761A.

2U2761A User’s Guide
1GettingStarted
Introduction
The U2761A is a 20 MHz USB modular function generator
with Arbitrary waveform and pulse generation capabilities. It
can operate as a standalone unit or as part of a modular
unit when used with the U2781A USB modular instrument
chassis.
The U2761A adopts the latest direct digital synthesis (DDS)
technology that digitally creates Arbitrary waveforms and
frequencies from a single, fixed source frequency. DDS offers
the precision of a digital control logic; reducing the
complexity of the generator while increasing the stability.
Thus, creating a stable, accurate output signal for clean, low
distortion sine waves with fast rise and fall time up to
20 MHz and linear Ramp waves up to 200 kHz.
Various features of the U2761A
•20 MHz Sine and Square waveforms
•Hi-Speed 2.0, USBTMC 488.2 standards
•Sine, Square, Ramp, Triangle, Pulse, and DC waveforms
•14-bit, 50 MSa/s, 64 K-point Arbitrary waveforms
•AM, FM, PM, ASK, FSK, and PSK modulation types
•40 mVpp to 5 Vpp amplitude range for 50 Ω load, and
80 mVpp to 10 Vpp amplitude range for open circuit
•Pulse generation