Agilent Technologies E5072A ENA Series User manual

IMD Measurement Wizard for the E5072A ENA
Series Network Analyzer
Operation Manual
Agilent Technologies
June 2012
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Contents
•Introduction
–What is intermodulation distortion (IMD)?
–IMD measurement solution
–IMD measurement wizard for the E5072A
•Operation Manual
•Measurement Examples
•Summary
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What is intermodulation distortion (IMD)?
•A measure of nonlinearity of amplifiers.
•Two or more tones applied to an amplifier and produce additional intermodulation products.
•The DUT’s output will contain signals at the frequencies: n*F1 +m *F2.
F1 F2
2*F1-F2 2*F2-F1
DeltaF
IM3 relative to
carrier (dBc)
P(F1) P(F2)
P(2*F1-F2)
Frequency
F_IMD = n * F1 + m * F2
ex.)
•Lo F_IM3 = 2 * F1 - F2
•Hi F_IM3 = 2 * F2 - F1
•Lo F_IM5 = 3 * F1 - 2 * F2
•Hi F_IM5 = 3 * F2 - 2 * F1
•Lo F_IM7 = 4 * F1 - 3 * F2
•Hi F_IM7 = 4 * F2 - 3 * F1
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Third-order Intercept Point (IP3)
•The third-order intercept point (IP3) or the third-order intercept (TOI) are often used as figures
of merit for IMD.
F1 F2
2*F1-F2 2*F2-F1
DeltaF
IM3 relative to
carrier (dBc)
P(F1) P(F2)
P(2*F1-F2)
Frequency IP3 can be calculated by the equation using
low-side IM3:
IP3 (dBm) = P(F1) + (P(F2) - P(2*F1-F2)) / 2
When high-side IM3 is used, the equation is:
IP3 (dBm) = P(F2) + (P(F1) - P(2*F2-F1)) / 2
Input power
(dBm)
Output power (dBm)
IIP3
OIP3
Fundamental
(Slope 1:1)
Third-order product
(Slope 1:3)
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P(F1): Power level of low tone
P(F2): Power level of high tone
P(2*F1-F2): Power level of low-side IM3 signal
P(2*F2-F1): Power level of high-side IM3 signal

•ENA with frequency-offset mode (FOM) option
can set different frequencies at the source and
receiver.
•Real-time swept frequency IMD measurements
can be performed.
•Source power calibration and receiver calibration
is available with VNA for accurate absolute power
measurements.
•Using two SGs and a SA with CW signals.
•It requires a controller to synchronize
instruments.
•If many frequencies must be tested, test time
is increased dramatically.
2x SG + SA
Intermodulation Distortion
Solution with ENA
SG + ENA
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IMD Measurement Wizard for the E5072A
Key Features:
•Measurement macro running on the E5072A with intuitive GUI
•Quick setup of two-tone IMD measurements
•Control all necessary equipments from E5072A
–MXG (connected via GPIB/USB interface)
–Power meter & sensor (connected via GPIB/USB interface)
– USB power sensor (connected directly to the ENA’s USB port)
•Guided calibration wizard
•Various measurement sweep types
–Fixed F1 and Swept F2
–Sweep Fc (center frequency of main tones)
–Sweep DeltaF (delta frequency of main tones)
•Various IMD measurement parameters
–Absolute power of fundamental tones (in dBm)
–Power levels of IMD products (absolute in dBm), Low or High-side IM (3rd, 5th, 7th)
–Calculated third-order intercept point (IP3)
Available at: www.agilent.com/find/enavba
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IMD Measurement Wizard
Overview
Introduction Stimulus Parameter Setup
(IM order, frequency, NOP, IFBW etc.)
Calibration (Receiver cal) Measurement Result
Calibration (Power Cal)
Pout (F1 from SG) Pout (F2 from ENA)
P(IM) IP3
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Peripherals Setup
(SG, Power sensor)

IMD Measurement Wizard
Measurement type
Introduction 1. Fixed F1, Swept F2
2. Sweep fc
(sweep center frequency
between the two main
tones)
3. Sweep DeltaF
(sweep delta frequency
between the two main
tones)
Three different sweep types are available.
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IMD Measurement Type
1. Fixed F1, Swept F2
Main Tones
F1 F2
FIM
Fb_rcv
IM
Main Tones
F1
F2
FIM
Fb_rcv
IM
(1-1) Lo IM (Fixed F1, downward-swept F2)
Main Tones
F1 F2
FIM
Fb_rcv
IM
Main Tones
F1
F2
FIM
Fb_rcv
IM
(1-2) Lo IM (Fixed F1, upward-swept F2)
•One of the main tones from the SG is fixed at a certain frequency (F1), while the other F2
from the ENA’s source is swept.
(1-3) Hi IM (Fixed F1, upward-swept F2)
(1-4) Hi IM (Fixed F1, downward-swept F2)
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