Agilent Technologies E5072A ENA Series User manual

IMD Measurement Wizard for the E5072A ENA
Series Network Analyzer
Operation Manual
Agilent Technologies
June 2012
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Contents
•Introduction
–What is intermodulation distortion (IMD)?
–IMD measurement solution
–IMD measurement wizard for the E5072A
•Operation Manual
•Measurement Examples
•Summary
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What is intermodulation distortion (IMD)?
•A measure of nonlinearity of amplifiers.
•Two or more tones applied to an amplifier and produce additional intermodulation products.
•The DUT’s output will contain signals at the frequencies: n*F1 +m *F2.
F1 F2
2*F1-F2 2*F2-F1
DeltaF
IM3 relative to
carrier (dBc)
P(F1) P(F2)
P(2*F1-F2)
Frequency
F_IMD = n * F1 + m * F2
ex.)
•Lo F_IM3 = 2 * F1 - F2
•Hi F_IM3 = 2 * F2 - F1
•Lo F_IM5 = 3 * F1 - 2 * F2
•Hi F_IM5 = 3 * F2 - 2 * F1
•Lo F_IM7 = 4 * F1 - 3 * F2
•Hi F_IM7 = 4 * F2 - 3 * F1
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Third-order Intercept Point (IP3)
•The third-order intercept point (IP3) or the third-order intercept (TOI) are often used as figures
of merit for IMD.
F1 F2
2*F1-F2 2*F2-F1
DeltaF
IM3 relative to
carrier (dBc)
P(F1) P(F2)
P(2*F1-F2)
Frequency IP3 can be calculated by the equation using
low-side IM3:
IP3 (dBm) = P(F1) + (P(F2) - P(2*F1-F2)) / 2
When high-side IM3 is used, the equation is:
IP3 (dBm) = P(F2) + (P(F1) - P(2*F2-F1)) / 2
Input power
(dBm)
Output power (dBm)
IIP3
OIP3
Fundamental
(Slope 1:1)
Third-order product
(Slope 1:3)
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P(F1): Power level of low tone
P(F2): Power level of high tone
P(2*F1-F2): Power level of low-side IM3 signal
P(2*F2-F1): Power level of high-side IM3 signal

•ENA with frequency-offset mode (FOM) option
can set different frequencies at the source and
receiver.
•Real-time swept frequency IMD measurements
can be performed.
•Source power calibration and receiver calibration
is available with VNA for accurate absolute power
measurements.
•Using two SGs and a SA with CW signals.
•It requires a controller to synchronize
instruments.
•If many frequencies must be tested, test time
is increased dramatically.
2x SG + SA
Intermodulation Distortion
Solution with ENA
SG + ENA
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IMD Measurement Wizard for the E5072A
Key Features:
•Measurement macro running on the E5072A with intuitive GUI
•Quick setup of two-tone IMD measurements
•Control all necessary equipments from E5072A
–MXG (connected via GPIB/USB interface)
–Power meter & sensor (connected via GPIB/USB interface)
– USB power sensor (connected directly to the ENA’s USB port)
•Guided calibration wizard
•Various measurement sweep types
–Fixed F1 and Swept F2
–Sweep Fc (center frequency of main tones)
–Sweep DeltaF (delta frequency of main tones)
•Various IMD measurement parameters
–Absolute power of fundamental tones (in dBm)
–Power levels of IMD products (absolute in dBm), Low or High-side IM (3rd, 5th, 7th)
–Calculated third-order intercept point (IP3)
Available at: www.agilent.com/find/enavba
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IMD Measurement Wizard
Overview
Introduction Stimulus Parameter Setup
(IM order, frequency, NOP, IFBW etc.)
Calibration (Receiver cal) Measurement Result
Calibration (Power Cal)
Pout (F1 from SG) Pout (F2 from ENA)
P(IM) IP3
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Peripherals Setup
(SG, Power sensor)

IMD Measurement Wizard
Measurement type
Introduction 1. Fixed F1, Swept F2
2. Sweep fc
(sweep center frequency
between the two main
tones)
3. Sweep DeltaF
(sweep delta frequency
between the two main
tones)
Three different sweep types are available.
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IMD Measurement Type
1. Fixed F1, Swept F2
Main Tones
F1 F2
FIM
Fb_rcv
IM
Main Tones
F1
F2
FIM
Fb_rcv
IM
(1-1) Lo IM (Fixed F1, downward-swept F2)
Main Tones
F1 F2
FIM
Fb_rcv
IM
Main Tones
F1
F2
FIM
Fb_rcv
IM
(1-2) Lo IM (Fixed F1, upward-swept F2)
•One of the main tones from the SG is fixed at a certain frequency (F1), while the other F2
from the ENA’s source is swept.
(1-3) Hi IM (Fixed F1, upward-swept F2)
(1-4) Hi IM (Fixed F1, downward-swept F2)
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IMD Measurement Type
2. Sweep fc
•Center frequency of the main tones is swept
in the frequency range, while the delta
frequency is fixed.
•3rd, 5th, or 7th-order IM product can be
tested for either high-side or low-side.
Stimulus setup Measurement Result
P(F1, SG) P(F2, ENA)
P (Lo IM3) OIP3
•Output power of the main tones and IM power level is
displayed to calculate output IP3 of the DUT.
P(F1) P(F2)
P(Lo IM3)
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IMD Measurement Type
3. Sweep DeltaF
Stimulus setup
•Delta frequency between the main tones is
swept in the frequency range, while the center
frequency is fixed.
•3rd, 5th, or 7th-order IM product can be
tested for either high-side or low-side.
Measurement Result
P(F1, SG) P(F2, ENA)
P (Lo IM3) OIP3
P(F1) P(F2)
P(Lo IM3)
•Output power of the main tones and IM power level is
displayed to calculate output IP3 of the DUT.
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Required Equipments
Model
Description
Note
E5072A
E5072AENA Series
NetworkAnalyzer (with
configurable test set)
•Option 008 (frequency-offset mode) must be installed. (*1)
•With the firmware revision 1.01 or later.
N5181A
MXG RF analog signal
generator
•An external generator is used as a second source for the main
tone.
U200x Series
USB power sensor
•Necessary for accurate absolute measurements using the
E5072A’s receiver.
•Can be directly connected to the E5072A’s USB port.
•Other power sensors/meters supported for the E5072Aare listed
in the E5072A’s webhelp. (link)
82357B
USB/GPIB interface
•Necessary to control an external SG or power meter over GPIB
from the E5072A firmware.
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*1: For more details on the E5072A’s options, refer to the E5072A configuration guide, part number 5990-8001EN.
(http://cp.literature.agilent.com/litweb/pdf/5990-8001EN.pdf)

Operation Manual
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Operation Manual
Launch program
•Save the wizard program in the E5072A
Visit: www.agilent.com/find/enavba
Go to ENA IMD Measurement Wizard Page
Download “E5072AIMDWizard_xxxx.zip” and
unzip the file.
Copy “E5072AIMDWizard_xxxx.vba” under
“D:/VBA/ “ of the E5072A’s directory.
Note: xxxx is the revision number of the wizard program.
•Launch the wizard program
[Macro Setup] > Load & Run
Select “E5072AIMDWizard_xxxx.vba”
* The main window shows up.
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Note: Be sure to preset the E5072Aand SG manually before
launching the wizard program.

Operation Manual
Measurement procedure
1. Setup peripherals
•Setup SG
•Setup power meter / sensor (GPIB or USB)
2. Setup measurement parameters
•Select IMD sweep types
1. Fixed F1, Swept F2
2. Sweep fc (center frequency)
3. Sweep DeltaF (delta frequency)
•Setup stimulus parameters
3. Perform calibration
•Receiver calibration
•Power calibration for main tones (SG & ENA)
4. Connect DUT and perform measurement
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Operation Manual
1. Setup peripherals (SG)
1. Enter the SG’s GPIB address
2. Press “Check Connection”
•When the SG is connected to the ENA
successfully, “Connected” is displayed.
3. Press “Return”
1. Press “Setup SG Control”
•Necessary to setup an external SG (i.e. Agilent
MXG N5181A) which is connected to the ENA
via USB/GPIB interface (i.e. 82357B).
1
1
2
3
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Operation Manual
1. Setup peripherals (Error: SG - Not connected)
•When the correct GPIB address of the SG is not entered, the error
message is shown “Warning: No SG discovered” after pressing
“Check Connection”.
• “Not connected” is displayed in the SG setup window.
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Operation Manual
1. Setup peripherals (Power sensor via GPIB or USB)
1. Press “Setup PS Control”
•Necessary to setup a power sensor which is
connected to the ENA by either the USB/GPIB
interface (i.e. 82357B) or the ENA’s USB port.
1
1. Select tab, “Power Meter & Power
Sensor” (GPIB) or “USB Power Sensor”
(USB)
1
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Operation Manual
1. Setup peripherals (Power sensor via GPIB)
1. Select tab, “Power Meter & Power Sensor”
2. Enter the GPIB address of the power meter
3. Press “Check Connection”
•When the power meter is connected to the ENA
successfully, “Connected” is displayed.
1
2
3
Setup for power meter connected via GPIB/USB interface (i.e. Agilent 82357B)
1. Select Channel
2. Perform zeroing of the sensor
(optional)
3. Press “Return”
3
1
2
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