Berthold LB 8300 User manual

ROD SOURCE SHIELDS
LB 8300
69560BA2 Rev.01 04/2023
Operating Manual

BERTHOLD TECHNOLOGIES GmbH & Co. KG
Calmbacher Str. 22
75323 Bad Wildbad, Germany
www.berthold.com
Telephone [phone]
Fax [phone]
[e-mail]

Rod source shields LB 8300 Table of contents
© Berthold Technologies • 69560BA2 • Rev.01, 04/2023
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Table of contents
1
About this operating manual ...........................................................................5
1.1 Applicable documents.................................................................................................. 5
1.2 Some prior remarks ...................................................................................................... 5
1.3 Storage .......................................................................................................................... 5
1.4 Target group................................................................................................................. 5
1.5 Validity of the manual ................................................................................................. 6
1.6 Structure of the manual............................................................................................... 6
1.7 Copyrights ..................................................................................................................... 6
1.8 Representation ............................................................................................................. 6
1.9 Symbols used................................................................................................................. 7
1.10 Structure of warnings................................................................................................... 8
1.11 Symbols used on the device......................................................................................... 9
2
Safety .............................................................................................................. 10
2.1 Proper use ................................................................................................................... 10
2.2 Ambient conditions during operation and storage................................................. 11
2.3 Qualification of the personnel .................................................................................. 11
2.4 Radiation protection .................................................................................................. 13
2.4.1 Basic principles and regulations ................................................................................ 13
2.5 Emergency procedure ................................................................................................ 15
2.7 Source type plate........................................................................................................ 16
3
System description .......................................................................................... 17
3.1 View............................................................................................................................. 18
4
Transport......................................................................................................... 20
4.1 Safety instructions ...................................................................................................... 20
4.2 Packaging.................................................................................................................... 21
4.3 Temporary storage of the source.............................................................................. 21
4.4 Scope of delivery ........................................................................................................ 21
4.5 Transport to operation site........................................................................................ 21
5
Installation ......................................................................................................22
5.1 Safety instructions ...................................................................................................... 22
5.2 Ambient conditions during installation.................................................................... 23
5.3 Temporary storage of the source.............................................................................. 23
5.4 Preparing the installation .......................................................................................... 23
5.5 Checking the delivery................................................................................................. 23
5.6 Installation of the shield ............................................................................................ 24
5.7 Marking....................................................................................................................... 29
6
Usage .............................................................................................................. 30
6.1 Safety instructions ...................................................................................................... 30
6.2 Opening and closing the locking mechanism .......................................................... 31
7
Maintenance and repair.................................................................................. 33
7.1 Safety instructions ...................................................................................................... 33
7.2 Visual inspection......................................................................................................... 34
7.3 Leak test ...................................................................................................................... 34
7.4 Shutter check procedure............................................................................................ 36
7.5 Removing and installing the source.......................................................................... 37
7.5.1 Removing the source.................................................................................................. 37
7.5.2 Installing the source ................................................................................................... 40
7.6 Source replacement.................................................................................................... 42
7.6.1 Replacing the source .................................................................................................. 43

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© Berthold Technologies • 69560BA2 • Rev.01, 04/2023
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Uninstallation.................................................................................................. 44
8.1 Safety instructions ...................................................................................................... 44
8.2 Dismounting the shield.............................................................................................. 45
8.3Disposal of radioactive substances ............................................................................ 46
8.4 Shipment of radioactive substances.......................................................................... 46
9
Appendices...................................................................................................... 48
9.1 Check lists for tests ..................................................................................................... 48

Rod source shields LB 8300 1 About this operating manual
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1
About this operating manual
1.1
Applicable documents
This manual contains the following document:
•Technical Information, Id. No. 69560TI (see appendix)
1.2
Some prior remarks
The product is handed over to you by the manufacturer
BERTHOLD TECHNOLOGIES GmbH & Co. KG (designated as Berthold in the
following) in a complete and functionally reliable condition.
This operating manual illustrates how to:
•set up/install the product
•operate the product
•carry out maintenance on the product
•dismount the product
•dispose of the product
Read these instructions thoroughly and completely before working with the
product. We have tried to compile all the information for safe and proper
operation for you.
However, should questions arise which are not answered in this manual, please
contact Berthold.
Store the instructions where they are accessible for all users at all times.
1.3
Storage
This operating manual as well as all product-related documentation relevant to
the respective application must be accessible at all times during the life cycle near
the device.
1.4
Target group
The product may only be installed, operated, maintained and repaired by trained
personnel.
This manual is directed at qualified specialist personnel who are familiar with
handling radioactive sources and heavy system components.
Specialist personnel refers to those who can assess the work assigned to them and
recognise possible dangers through their specialist training, knowledge and
experience as well as knowledge of the relevant regulations.

1 About this operating manual Rod sourceshields LB 8300
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© Berthold Technologies • 69560BA2 • Rev.01, 04/2023
1.5
Validity of the manual
The manual is valid from the delivery of the Berthold product to the user until its
disposal. Version and release date of this operating manual can be found in the
bottom of each page. An alteration service is not provided by the manufacturer
Berthold.
The manufacturer reserves the right to make changes to this operating manual at
any time without stating reasons.
NOTICE
The current revision of this operating manual replaces all previous versions.
1.6
Structure of the manual
This manual has been divided into chapters. The order of the chapters should
help you to familiarise yourself quickly and properly with the operation.
1.7
Copyrights
This manual contains copyright-protected information. None of the chapters may
be copied or reproduced in any other form without prior authorisation from the
manufacturer.
1.8
Representation
Identifier
Meaning
Example
Round brackets
Image reference
Connect the plug (fig.
1, item 1)
Prohibited actions,
procedures or processes
within a figure.
Representation of the
ionizing radiation within a
figure.

Rod source shields LB 8300 1 About this operating manual
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1.9
Symbols used
NOTICE
If this information is not observed, deterioration in the operation and/or
property damage may occur.
IMPORTANT
Sections marked with this symbol point out important information on the
product or on handling the product.
Tip
Provides tips on application and other useful information.
General warning symbol
Warning symbol danger of crushing
Warning symbol heavy loads
Warning symbol suspended load
Warning of radioactive substances
Wear protective helmet
Wear safety shoes
Do not touch the surface

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1.10
Structure of warnings
j
Signal word
Source and consequence
Explanation, if required
Measure
In case of emergency
•
Warning symbols:
(warning triangle) draws attention to the hazard
•
Signal word:
states the severity of the hazard
•
Source:
states the type and source of the hazard
•
Consequence:
describes the consequences if warning is ignored
•
Measure:
states how one can avoid the hazard.
•
In case of emergency:
states how to react in case of direct danger.
Warning levels used
In this manual, warning instructions in front of instructions for action refer to
risks of injury or damage to property. The hazard-prevention measures described
must be observed.
j
DANGER
Indicates an
imminent
, major hazard, which will certainly result in serious
injuries or even death if the hazard is not avoided.
j
WARNING
Indicates a
potential
hazard, which can result in serious injuries or even death
if the hazard is not avoided.
j
CAUTION
Refers to a
potentially dangerous
situation, which can result in medium or
minor physical injuries or damages to property, if it is not avoided.

Rod source shields LB 8300 1 About this operating manual
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1.11
Symbols used on the device
Ionising radiation
The shield is equipped with a radioactive source. Please note the
handling instructions. Please observe the transport instructions in this
operating manual.

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Safety
2.1
Proper use
The source with shield is used in connection with a detector and a suitable
evaluation unit provided by Berthold to measure the radiation intensity occurring
during a radiometric measurement.
The shield was developed as shield/protective container for radioactive sources
and may be used exclusively for this purpose.
Usually, the shield contains a radioactive source. The notes on radiation
protection contained in the present manual as well as any statutory requirements
in this respect are to be strictly adhered to.
The following constitutes proper use
•Adhering strictly to the instructions and operation sequences and not
undertaking any different, unauthorised practices which could put your safety
and the operational reliability of the shield at risk.
•Observing the provided safety instructions.
•Carrying out the prescribed maintenance measures or having them carried out
for you.
The following constitutes improper use and is to be avoided
•Any non-compliance with the present operating manual for the supplied
products
•Applying conditions and requirements which do not conform to those stated
in the technical documents, data sheets, operation and assembly instructions
and other specific guidelines of the manufacturer.
•Using the product after any repair carried out by employees who have not
been authorized by Berthold.
•Using the product in a damaged or corroded condition.
•Dismounting the unit while the radiation beam outlet is in the open position
(except for situations in which the locking mechanism is defective and the
beam outlet can no longer be closed).
•Operation without the safety precautions provided by the manufacturer.
•Any modification to design and function, except for any activities provided for
and described in the present manual.
•Restructuring or changing the system components.
•Manipulation or avoidance of existing safety equipment.
Berthold shall only accept liability for / guarantee the correspondence of the
product to its publicised specifications.
If the product is used in a way which is not described in this manual, the product's
protection is compromised and the warranty becomes void.

Rod source shields LB 8300 2 Safety
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2.2
Ambient conditions during operation and storage
The shield was specifically designed for use in rough ambient conditions. The
compliance with the operating conditions specified below contributes to
guaranteeing the permanent functionality of the shield and the prevention of
damage.
Shields containing radioactive substances and sources are to be stored in a
lockable storage room complying with the national requirements for the storage
of radioactive substances.
The higher the dust and dirt content of the environment, the more likely the
rotational motion of the shutter mechanism can be impaired or entirely blocked.
For this reason, the functional test intervals (see chapter 7) should be adjusted for
the ambient conditions.
Highly combustible or explosive substances must not be kept in the vicinity of
shields in order to prevent a fire from spreading to the radioactive substances.
Furthermore, the ambient condition requirements in the document “Technical
Information” are to be observed.
2.3
Qualification of the personnel
NOTICE
A minimum requirement for all work on or with the product would be
employees with general knowledge who are instructed by an expert or
authorised person.
At different parts in this manual, reference is made to personnel with certain
qualifications who can be entrusted with different tasks during the installation,
usage and maintenance.
The four groups this refers to are:
•Employees with general knowledge
•Experts
•Authorised persons
•Radiation Safety Officer

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Employees with general knowledge
NOTICE
Employees with general knowledge must always be guided by one expert at
the very least. When dealing with radioactive substances, a radiation safety
officer must also be consulted.
Employees with general knowledge are e.g. technicians or welders who can
undertake different tasks during the transportation, assembly and installation of
the product under the guidance of an authorised person. This may also refer to
construction site personnel. The persons in question must have experience in
handling the product.
Experts
Experts are people who have sufficient knowledge in the required area due to
their specialized training and who are familiar with the relevant national health
and safety regulations, accident prevention regulations, guidelines and
recognised technical rules.
Expert personnel must be capable of safely assessing the results of their work and
they must be familiar with the content of this manual.
Authorised personnel
Authorised personnel are those who are either designated for the corresponding
task due to legal regulations or those who have been authorised by Berthold for
particular tasks. When dealing with radioactive materials, a radiation safety
officer must also be consulted.
Radiation safety officer
In order to ensure proper handling and compliance with the statutory
requirements, the company has to appoint a radiation safety officer in
accordance with the applicable national law (in Germany:
Strahlenschutzverordnung [German radiation protection regulation]). The
radiation safety officer must implement the statutory radiation protection
requirements in order to protect employees against damage to their health
caused by handling radioactive materials.
NOTICE
Dangerous goods officers must not perform any activities as radiation
protection officers, unless they underwent a special training as radiation
safety officer!
Radiation safety officers must have a special training with attendance of an
officially recognized course and appropriate professional experience.

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2.4
Radiation protection
2.4.1
Basic principles and regulations
The amount of radiation absorbed by the body (exposure to radiation) is
determined by three parameters from which the basic radiation protection
regulations can be derived:
Distance
If work close to equipment
containing radioactive substances is
required, the largest distance
possible is to be kept. In particular,
this
applies to employees not
immediately required to work
directly with the radioactive devices.
Time
Any work required in the vicinity of
radiometric measuring systems is to
be prepared for carefully and to be
organised in a way that the work can
be executed as quickly as possible.
Here, providing the correct tools and
aids is particularly important.
Shield
When mounting and dismounting
the shield
, it is to be ensured in
advance that the radiation beam
outlet is closed.

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© Berthold Technologies • 69560BA2 • Rev.01, 04/2023
Exposure of wmployees to radiation
During installation, maintenance and decommissioning of the shield, employees
may be exposed to radiation.
In order to keep such exposure as low as possible, the shield with the source may
only be mounted and/or dismounted by authorized employees. Such authorised
staff is to be instructed as regards all rules of behaviour when handling
radioactive substances in advance.
It is to be ensured that the locking mechanism of the shield is closed and secured
in order to prevent the emission of unshielded radiation. Modification or damage
to the shield must be avoided at all times.
Work may only be executed according to the instructions and under the
supervision of the radiation safety officer, who furthermore has to calculate or
estimate the exposure of the employees to radiation in order to ensure that the
statutory dose rate limits are not exceeded.
Theft protection
Radioactive substances or equipment containing radioactive substances must be
secured in a way that they are protected against access by unauthorized persons.
In the case of firmly installed equipment containing radioactive substances, the
protection against unauthorized access is generally provided by the firmly
attached installation.
Shields with radioactive sources which are decommissioned for a certain period of
time must be dismounted and securely stored in a storage room complying with
the national regulations for the storage of radioactive substances.
Portable measuring systems must never be left unsupervised. When this
equipment is not in use, it is to be protected against access by unauthorised
persons.
In the case of fire
The shielding material can melt and leak from the shield if exposed to very high
temperatures for an extended period of time. During and after a fire, there is a
risk of major long-time consequences for your health due to the incorporation of
lead as well as a risk of increased radiation exposure.
When planning the use of radiometric measuring systems, constructional
measures ensuring fire prevention are to be provided.
In the case of fire, these measures limit the access to this area.
Avoid the incorporation, contamination and exposure by keeping sufficient
distance.
Notify Berthold of the situation; you will promptly receive information on
immediate measures.

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2.5
Emergency procedure
In case of serious operational trouble, such as fire or explosion, which could
adversely affect the radiometric device, it cannot be ruled out that the function
of the shielding lock, the shielding efficiency or the stability of the source capsule
have been compromised. In this case, it is possible that people in the vicinity of
the shield have been exposed to higher levels of radiation.
If you suspect such a severe malfunction, the Radiation Safety Officer has to be
notified immediately. He will then investigate the situation immediately and take
all necessary actions to prevent further damage and to avoid more exposure of
the operating staff to radiation.
The Radiation Safety Officer has to make sure that the measuring system is no
longer in operation and then take appropriate steps. He may have to inform the
authorities or contact the manufacturer or supplier of the measuring system.
If adequate know-how as well as suitable instruments are available, emergency
measures may be taken immediately. In this case, proceed as follows:
1.
Locate the shielding.
2.
Check the function of the shielding.
3.
Check the efficiency of the shielding by measuring the dose rate.
4.
Secure and label radiation protection areas.
5.
Secure the shielding with source.
6.
Document the event and estimate the possible radiation level to which the
people involved were exposed.
If you suspect any damage to the source capsule, the following points have to be
observed as well:
1.
Avoid contamination.
2.
Take hold of source using a tool (a pair of pliers or a pair of tweezers) and
put both (source and tool) into a plastic bag.
3.
Secure them behind an auxiliary shielding (concrete wall, steel or lead plate).
4.
Check if the environment is free of contamination.
5.
Make sure the radioactive waste is secured and disposed of in compliance
with the pertinent regulations.

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© Berthold Technologies • 69560BA2 • Rev.01, 04/2023
2.6
Operator's obligations
The operator of the product must regularly train his personnel in the following
topics:
•Observation and use of the operating manual and the legal provisions.
•Proper use of the product.
•Observation of the plant security instructions and the operating instructions of
the operator
2.7
Source type plate
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Date of manufacture of the source
Isotope
Activity [MBq]
Dose rate at 1 m distance [µSv/h]
Supplier of the source
Dose rate at 1 m distance [mrem/h]
Activity [mCi]
Source number
Fig.
1 Type plate of the source

Rod source shields LB 8300 3 System description
© Berthold Technologies • 69560BA2 • Rev.01, 04/2023
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3
System description
The rod source shield is intended as shield/protective container for radioactive
rod sources. The radioactive substance is contained in a leak-proof welded source
capsule and installed in the rod source shield. Apart from source and shield,
additional system components such as detectors and evaluation units are required
for a complete measuring system. Usage of these system components is not the
subject of this operating manual. Please refer to the individual manuals of the
respective system components.
The shield consists of a robust steel housing holding a rotatable cylinder. The
rotatable steel cylinder is filled with lead except for the very center which holds
the radioactive rod source and a narrow channel along the active length of the
source - the radiation beam path. The provided lever rod can be used to rotate
the cylinder and its beam path 90 degrees between two positions. The closed
position has the beam path pointed towards a vertical lead filled section of the
shield frame, blocking the radiation coming through the beam path. The open
position has the beam path pointed towards the process unit and detector.
The locking cylinder can be locked in both rotational positions (radiation beam
path open, radiation beam path closed) using fixing screws or a padlock.
The locking plate on the upper side of the shield ensures that the source cannot
be removed by unauthorized persons. Operators can secure the locking plate by
installing a padlock at the right-hand and the left-hand side.
Only the provided bolt holes in the lower mounting plate, upper locking
plate (after removing the lifting eye nuts) and vertical side bars can be used
to mount the shield!
The vertical side bars and the upper locking plate bolt holes can optionally be
used for tilt protection.
The rod source shield is available in different versions. You can find an overview
of all variants in the appendix (document “Technical Information” chapter 3).
The Shield has the following functions:
•Shield radiation to a level that is non-hazardous for operating personnel
•Locking the radiation beam path in the CLOSED position for transport and
during installation
•Protecting the integrated source capsule from mechanical damage and the
effects of the environment

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© Berthold Technologies • 69560BA2 • Rev.01, 04/2023
3.1
View
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Lifting eye nuts DIN 582
Locking plate padlocks
Locking plate
Transport screw
Rotatable cylinder
Rotatable cylinder padlock (secures the shield against unauthorised opening or
closing)
Removable lever rod (auxiliary equipment used for turning the rotatable
cylinder)
Mounting base
Source type plate
Supporting plate (quantity depends on the shield length and rotatable cylinder
diameter)
Fig.
2 Basic layout

Rod source shields LB 8300 3 System description
© Berthold Technologies • 69560BA2 • Rev.01, 04/2023
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1
2
3
4
5
Tungsten spacer
Rod source
Radiation beam path channel
Lead filled rotatable cylinder
Lead filled side structure for closed
position
6
7
8
Mounting plate bolt holes
Tilting protection bolt holes
Upper locking plate bolt holes (after
removing the lifting eye nuts)
Fig.
3 Sectional view (position CLOSE)

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Transport
4.1
Safety instructions
j
WARNING!
Danger of injury by falling loads!
Shields have built-in lead components increasing the weight.
Only use the lifting eye nuts provided on the shield to attach the lifting
gear.
Never stand underneath a lifted or suspended load, keep at a safe
distance.
Wear head protection and safety shoes.
j
WARNING!
Danger of injury caused by heavy and bulky system components!
Heavy and bulky system components should only be handled using aids
and by at least 2 people.
Observe the guidelines for safe handling of heavy loads.
Ensure stability and use the provided fixing options.
j
CAUTION!
Danger caused by ionising radiation!
Shields usually contain radioactive sources. An increased exposure to radiation
may lead to damage to health.
Consult the radiation safety officer responsible for your company.
Transport the source exclusively inside the closed and secured shield.
The locking mechanism must be in the
CLOSED
position
and secured during
transport and mounting of the shield.
NOTE
The device may only be transported by competent people (see 2.3 Qualification
of the personnel).
The applicable national regulations of the country of use have to be observed.
Observe the marking for the center of gravity on the outer packaging, if
applicable.