Bullard AirGladiator AGLDTR1 User manual

AirGladiator Airline Filters
User Manual
Bullard AirGladiator Filters can be used in conjunction with other compressor safeguards to
supply cleaner air to airline respirators. They can also be used to supply drier, cleaner air to
pneumatic tools and systems. The Bullard AirGladiator can be used to remove water, oil,
odors and organic vapors so that cleaner air is delivered to workers or equipment.
Bullard airline filters will NOT remove carbon monoxide and other
toxic gases from the airline.
Set-Up
1. Location:
Select a flat, stable location to mount the filter. Bolt the filter in position using the
mounting base. For wall mount applications, the filter carrying handle is designed for
mounting the unit to a wall.
2. Connection:
Connect compressor hose to the air inlet. Connect the respirator or pneumatic tool airline
hose to the filter outlet. Tighten the connections to prevent leaks and possible pressure
loss.
3. Assembly
Install the regulator inlet assembly by screwing the 1” male nipple on the end of the
assembly into the 1” female inlet port on the filter body. Use Teflon®tape or thread
sealant on the male threads before installing. Tighten with a wrench.
�WARNING
When using a respirator, do not connect the filter to any air source unless you are
certain it supplies breathable air. Failure to ensure breathable air source could result in
death or serious injury.
Operation
1. Air Requirements
a. Air Source Monitoring:
Federal Law requires use of carbon monoxide and/or high temperature monitors or
alarms when oil lubricated compressors are used as sources of breathing air. If only
a high temperature alarm is used, you must frequently test the compressor air for
carbon monoxide to ensure it meets the Grade D requirements discussed below.
The law also requires that breathing air hose couplings be incompatible with outlets
for other gas systems in order to prevent accidental connection of a supplied air
respirator to non-respirable gases.
b. Quality of Breathing Air:
Supplied breathing air entering and passing through this filter to a respirator must
meet at least the requirements for Type 1 gaseous air as described in the Compressed
Gas Association Commodity Specification G7.1 (Grade D or higher), as specified by
federal law 42 CFR, Part 84, Subpart J, 84.141(b). The Bullard airline filter does not
remove carbon monoxide and other toxic gases from the air being supplied. The
requirements for Grade D breathable air include:
• Oxygen 19.5 - 23.0%
• Hydrocarbons (condensed) 5 mg/m3max.
• Carbon Monoxide 10 ppm max.
• Carbon Dioxide 1000 ppm max.
• No toxic contaminants at levels which would make the air unsafe to breathe.
Refer to the C.G.A. Commodity Specifications G7.1 for complete details. It is available
from: Compressed Gas Association, 1235 Jefferson Davis Highway, Arlington, VA 22202.
c. Air Pressure:
The air pressure at the filter inlet is a recommended maximum pressure of 100 psig
(6.9 bar). Air will be released by the pressure relief valve when pressure within the
filter exceeds 125 psig (8.6 bar). Air discharging from the filter can be controlled to
meet specific air pressure requirements by using the pressure regulator adjustment
knob. Refer to your respirator or pneumatic tool instruction manual to find the
appropriate air pressures required for correct use of the equipment.
d. Temperature:
Air supplied to the filter should not exceed 140° F (60° C). Therefore, do not connect
the filter directly to the compressor exhaust manifold.
2. Correct Operation Procedures
a. Drain accumulated water and oil from the filter tank as required by opening the
petcock drain valve. Normally the tank will need to be drained at least once a day.
In humid climates, or if large amounts of water and oil are present in the air supply,
drain the filter tank more often.
b. Tighten the fasteners which secure the head to the filter tank. Over time, the
fasteners may loosen which could cause a leak in the air system. (Recommended
torque is 20 lbf·ft).
Refer to Figure 2 on page 2 of these instructions for set-up and operation.
www.bullard.com
�WARNING
The AirGladiator filters do not remove carbon monoxide and other toxic gases. Review and observe all pertinent federal and state safety regulations in conjunction with airline respirators.
Failure to observe safety regulations or improper use of Bullard Airline Filters could result in death or serious injury.
1

www.bullard.com
2
Cartridge Replacement
�WARNING
Use only Bullard 41AF cartridges as replacements. Bullard AirGladiator Filters
are designed to use only Bullard filter cartridges. Failure to use the correct filter
cartridge could result in death or serious injury.
The frequency of filter cartridge replacement depends on the conditions of the particular
air system in which the filter is installed. However, the filter cartridge should be replaced
immediately if:
a. The user smells or tastes contaminants in the air being supplied to an air-supplied
respirator, or;
b. There is a large pressure drop in the system, even though the compressor and other
components appear to be operating correctly.
C. The filter has been in use for approximately one (1) year.
Corrective Action
1. Shut off air supply and drain filter. Disconnect the filter from the air source before servicing.
2. Replace the Cartridge:
a. Separate the filter head from the cylinder housing by removing the bolts and lock
washers from the top flanges.
b. After removing the 41AF filter cartridge, clean the inside of the tank to remove any
remaining contaminants.
c. Insert a new Bullard 41AF filter cartridge. Tighten the fasteners across from each
other and not in a circular sequence. This will help prevent warping of the filter head
(Recommended tightness = 20 lbf·ft).
3. Record the date the filter was replaced on the label attached to the airline filter tank. You
can develop a filter cartridge replacement schedule by monitoring the frequency with
which the cartridge needs to be changed.
4. Reconnect the filter to the air source before use.
5. If conditions are not improved, do not use the filter until appropriate corrective measures
have been taken.
Replaceable Filter Cartridge 7-Stage Operation
Cartridges effectively trap and remove impurities with little pressure loss. The supplied-air
enters the filter at inlet connector travels through 6 layers of filter material and exits at outlet
connector. Filter materials work in sequence to trap and hold water, oil, odors, and organic
vapors so that cleaner air is delivered to workers or equipment.
�WARNING
Filter cartridge must be changed periodically for maximum efficiency. Frequency of
cartridge changes depends on operating conditions. Cartridge should be changed
immediately if respirator wearer feels, smells or tastes contaminants inside the
respirator. Filter tank should be drained at least daily to remove trapped water and
oil (a petcock is provided on the bottom of the tank for this purpose). Failure to follow
these instructions could result in death or serious injury.
Figure 1 Model AGLDTR2 AirGladiator
Filter (Front View)
Figure 2 Model AGLDTR2 AirGladiator Filter
(Side View with Cut-Out Filter Cartridge)
(A Model AGLDTR2 is
diagrammed for
illustration purposes.)
Pressure regulator
with adjustment knob
Pressure gauge
for outlet air V15 - QD coupler connects to
Bullard’s V-10 airline hoses
Hex Head Cap Screw, Washer,
and Nut to secure 41AF Filter
Cartridge between the Top Flange
and the Bottom Flange Inlet Air Flow
3/4” NPT
Female Threaded
Inlet Connection
Pressure Relief Valve
V15-QD Coupler (Industrial Interchange)
2 Places
41 AF Filter Cartridge
(Cut-Away Sectional)
Manual Drain Valve

Warranty Information
Bullard warrants to the original purchaser that the Airline Filter is free of defects in materials
and workmanship under normal use and service for a period of one (1) year from the date of
manufacture. Under this warranty, Bullard’s obligation is limited to repairing or replacing, at
its option, articles that are returned within the warranty period and that, after examination,
are shown to Bullard’s satisfaction to be defective, subject to the following limitations:
a) Airline Filter must be returned to Bullard with shipping charges prepaid.
b) Airline Filter must not be altered from its original factory configuration.
c) Airline Filter must not have been misused, abused or damaged in storage or transit.
In no event shall Bullard be responsible for damages resulting from loss of use or other
indirect, incidental, consequential or special costs, expenses or damages incurred by the
purchaser, notwithstanding that Bullard has been advised of the possibility of such damages.
ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND
FITNESS FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSE, ARE LIMITED TO ONE (1) YEAR FROM THE DATE THE
AIRLINE FILTER WAS MANUFACTURED.
The above limitations or exclusions may not apply in all states. Some states do not allow the
exclusion or limitation of incidental or consequential damages, or allow limitations on how
long an implied warranty lasts. This warranty gives you specific legal rights, and you may
have other rights which vary between states.
RETURN AUTHORIZATIONS
Contact Customer Service to obtain written permission to return product. Airline Filters
cannot be returned without written permission. Material returned for credit will be subject
to factory inspection. Current products or products under warranty will be subject to a
restocking charge. Returned articles should be sent to Bullard with shipping charges prepaid.
California Proposition 65 �WARNING
Cancer and Reproductive Harm - www.P65Warnings.ca.gov.
www.bullard.com 3
AirGladiator Airline Filters
User Manual

Bullard Airline Filters
AGLDTR1 Single-outlet filter with relief value
AGLDTR2 2-outlet filter with pressure gauge, relief valve, pressure
regulator, and hose adapter fitting
AGLDTR6 6-outlet filter with pressure gauge, relief valve, pressure
regulator, and hose adapter fitting
Replacement Parts
41AF Replacement filter cartridge
41PRV Pressure Relief Valve for. Set at 125 psig (8.6 bar).
41RG Pressure Gauge for all AirGladiator Series filters
41P6R 41P6 Inlet Pressure Regulator Replacement Kit
Ordering Information
CATALOG CATALOG
NUMBER DESCRIPTION NUMBER DESCRIPTION
Specifications
Airline Filter AGLDTR1 AGLDTR2 AGLDTR6
Max. Air Flow Rate 100 cfm* (2830 lpm) 75 cfm (2120 lpm) 75 cfm (2120 lpm)
Inlet Connection 1” NPT (Fem.) 1” NPT (Fem.) 1” NPT (Fem.)
Outlet Connection 1 outlet 2 outlets 6 outlets
3⁄8” NPT (Fem.) 3⁄8” NPT (Fem.) 3⁄8” NPT (Fem.)
Relief Valve 125 psig (8.6 bar) 125 psig (8.6 bar) 125 psig (8.6 bar)
Tank Diameter 51⁄2”(14 CM) 51⁄2” (14 CM) 51⁄2” (14 CM)
Height 16” (40.6 CM) 22“(55.9 CM) 18.5” (47 CM)
Weight 26 LBS. (11.8 KG) 29 LBS. (13.2 KG) 32 LBS. (14.5 KG)
*At maximum recommended pressure of 100 psig (6.9 bar)
©2022 Bullard. All rights reserved.
Teflon is a registered trademark
of E.I. DuPont de Nemours Co.
www.bullard.com
Bullard Center
2421 Fortune Drive
Lexington, KY 40509 • USA
877-BULLARD (285-5273)
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
Americas Operations
1898 Safety Way
Cynthiana, KY 41031 • USA
877-BULLARD (285-5273)
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
Bullard GmbH
Dieselstrasse 8a
53424 Remagen • Germany
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
Bullard Asia-Pacific Pte. Ltd.
LHK Building
701, Sims Drive, #04-03
Singapore 387383
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
60810012674A (0222)
4
AirGladiator Airline Filters
User Manual

AirGladiator (AGLDTR2) Filter
Installation Instructions
NOTE
When reinstalling or replacing the 41AF Filter Cartridge, tighten
by hand in a crossing (star) bolt pattern. Then, secure the bolts by
torquing each bolt to a minimum of 20 lbf-ft using the same crossing
(star) pattern.
www.bullard.com 5
©2022 Bullard. All rights reserved.
Teflon is a registered trademark
of E.I. DuPont de Nemours Co.
Bullard Center
2421 Fortune Drive
Lexington, KY 40509 • USA
877-BULLARD (285-5273)
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
Americas Operations
1898 Safety Way
Cynthiana, KY 41031 • USA
877-BULLARD (285-5273)
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
Bullard GmbH
Dieselstrasse 8a
53424 Remagen • Germany
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
Bullard Asia-Pacific Pte. Ltd.
LHK Building
701, Sims Drive, #04-03
Singapore 387383
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
60810012674A (0222)
AGLDTR2
Completed Filter
Assembly
Outlet Air Piping Assembly Pressure Gauge
Inlet Air - Pressure Regulator
Three (3) Sub-Assembly Parts
Bullard AirGladiator Filters can be used in conjunction with other compressor safeguards to
supply cleaner air to airline respirators. They can also be used to supply drier, cleaner air to
pneumatic tools and systems. The Bullard AirGladiator Filters can be used to remove
water, oil, odors and organic vapors so that cleaner air is delivered to workers or equipment.
�WARNING
The AirGladiator filters do not remove carbon monoxide and other toxic gases. Review
and observe all pertinent federal and state safety regulations in conjunction with airline
respirators. Failure to observe safety regulations or improper use of Bullard Airline
Filters could result in death or serious injury.
Set-Up of AirGladiator Filter:
1. Location:
Select a flat, stable location to mount the filter. Bolt the filter in position using
the mounting base. For wall mount applications, the filter carrying handle is designed
for mounting the filter to a wall or steel beam.
2. Assembly
Three (3) separate sub-assembly parts have been shipped with the filter. Each
sub-assembly needs to be installed onto the filter in order to complete the AirGladiator
Filter Assembly before it is connected to the Compressed Air Supply Piping.
• DupontTM Teflon®tape or thread sealant can be used to ensure tight-fitting
connections (No Air Leakage) before installation of all these sub-assemby parts.)
• Inlet Air - Pressure Regulator has an 1” NPT Male Connector which must be
threaded into the AirGladiator Filter’s 1” NPT Female Connector.
• Outlet Air - Piping Assembly has a 3/8” NPT Male connector which must be
threaded into the AirGladiator Filter’s 3/8” NPT Female Connector on Top of
the Filter Flange.
• Pressure Gauge for Outlet Air has an 1/4” NPT Male Back Connector which must be
threaded into the 1/4” NPT Female Connector in the Top Bushing of the Outlet Air
Piping.
3. Connections
Connect compressor hose or piping to Inlet Air - Pressure Regulator (3/4” NPT Female).
Connect the respirator system or pneumatic tool airline hose to the Quick Disconnect
Coupling on the Outlet Air Piping. Tighten all piping connections to prevent air leaks
and/or air pressure loss.
�WARNING
When using a respirator, do not connect the filter to any air source unless you are
certain it supplies breathable air. Failure to ensure breathable air source could result in
death or serious injury.
California Proposition 65 �WARNING
Cancer and Reproductive Harm - www.P65Warnings.ca.gov.

AirGladiator (AGLDTR2E) Filter
Installation Instructions
NOTE
When reinstalling or replacing the 41AF Filter Cartridge, tighten
by hand in a crossing (star) bolt pattern. Then, secure the bolts by
torquing each bolt to a minimum of 20 lbf-ft using the same crossing
(star) pattern.
www.bullard.com
©2022 Bullard. All rights reserved.
Teflon is a registered trademark
of E.I. DuPont de Nemours Co.
Bullard Center
2421 Fortune Drive
Lexington, KY 40509 • USA
877-BULLARD (285-5273)
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
Americas Operations
1898 Safety Way
Cynthiana, KY 41031 • USA
877-BULLARD (285-5273)
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
Bullard GmbH
Dieselstrasse 8a
53424 Remagen • Germany
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
Bullard Asia-Pacific Pte. Ltd.
LHK Building
701, Sims Drive, #04-03
Singapore 387383
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
60810012674A (0222)
6
Bullard AirGladiator Filters can be used in conjunction with other compressor safeguards to
supply cleaner air to airline respirators. They can also be used to supply drier, cleaner air to
pneumatic tools and systems. The Bullard AirGladiator Filters can be used to remove
water, oil, odors and organic vapors so that cleaner air is delivered to workers or equipment.
�WARNING
The AirGladiator filters do not remove carbon monoxide and other toxic gases. Review
and observe all pertinent federal and state safety regulations in conjunction with airline
respirators. Failure to observe safety regulations or improper use of Bullard Airline
Filters could result in death or serious injury.
Set-Up of AirGladiator Filter:
1. Location:
Select a flat, stable location to mount the filter. Bolt the filter in position using
the mounting base. For wall mount applications, the filter carrying handle is designed
for mounting the filter to a wall or steel beam.
2. Assembly
Three (3) separate sub-assembly parts have been shipped with the filter. Each sub-
assembly needs to be installed onto the filter in order to complete the AirGladiator Filter
Assembly before it is connected to the Compressed Air Supply Piping.
• DupontTM Teflon®tape or thread sealant can be used to ensure tight-fitting
connections (No Air Leakage) before installation of all these sub-assemby parts.
• Inlet Air - Pressure Regulator has an 1” NPT Male Connector which must be
threaded into the AirGladiator Filter’s 1” NPT Female Connector.
• Outlet Air - Piping Assembly has a 3/8” NPT Male connector which must be
threaded into the AirGladiator Filter’s 3/8” NPT Female Connector on Top of the
Filter Flange.
• Pressure Gauge for Outlet Air has an 1/4” NPT Male Back Connector which must
be threaded into the 1/4” NPT Female Connector in the Top Bushing of the Outlet
Air Piping.
3. Connections
Connect compressor hose or piping to Inlet Air - Pressure Regulator (3/4” BSPT Female).
Connect the respirator system or pneumatic tool airline hose to the Quick Disconnect
Coupling on the Outlet Air Piping. Tighten all piping connections to prevent air leaks
and/or air pressure loss.
�WARNING
When using a respirator, do not connect the filter to any air source unless you are
certain it supplies breathable air. Failure to ensure breathable air source could result in
death or serious injury.
California Proposition 65 �WARNING
Cancer and Reproductive Harm - www.P65Warnings.ca.gov.
AGLDTR2E
Completed Filter
Assembly
Outlet Air Piping Assembly Pressure Gauge
Inlet Air - Pressure Regulator
with the EN Adapter installed
Three (3) Sub-Assembly Parts

AirGladiator (AGLDTR1) Filter
Installation Instructions
NOTE
When reinstalling or replacing the 41AF Filter Cartridge, tighten
by hand in a crossing (star) bolt pattern. Then, secure the bolts by
torquing each bolt to a minimum of 20 lbf-ft using the same crossing
(star) pattern.
www.bullard.com 7
©2022 Bullard. All rights reserved.
Teflon is a registered trademark
of E.I. DuPont de Nemours Co.
Bullard Center
2421 Fortune Drive
Lexington, KY 40509 • USA
877-BULLARD (285-5273)
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
Americas Operations
1898 Safety Way
Cynthiana, KY 41031 • USA
877-BULLARD (285-5273)
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
Bullard GmbH
Dieselstrasse 8a
53424 Remagen • Germany
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
Bullard Asia-Pacific Pte. Ltd.
LHK Building
701, Sims Drive, #04-03
Singapore 387383
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
60810012674A (0222)
AGLDTR1 Completed Filter Assembly
Bullard AirGladiator Filters can be used in conjunction with other compressor safeguards to
supply cleaner air to airline respirators. They can also be used to supply drier, cleaner air to
pneumatic tools and systems. The Bullard AirGladiator Filters can be used to remove
water, oil, odors and organic vapors so that cleaner air is delivered to workers or equipment.
�WARNING
The AirGladiator filters do not remove carbon monoxide and other toxic gases. Review
and observe all pertinent federal and state safety regulations in conjunction with airline
respirators. Failure to observe safety regulations or improper use of Bullard Airline
Filters could result in death or serious injury.
Set-Up of AirGladiator Filter:
1. Location:
Select a flat, stable location to mount the filter. Bolt the filter in position using
the mounting base. For wall mount applications, the filter carrying handle is designed
for mounting the filter to a wall or steel beam.
2. Assembly
This Filter is shipped completely assembled at the factory. This AirGladiator Filter
Assembly has an INLET AIR Connector and OUTLET AIR Connector ready for the User’s
Compressed Air System. This Filter has a pre-set (125 psi) pressure relief valve connected
near the Outlet Air Connector to prevent over-pressuring the Filter.
• DupontTM Teflon®tape or thread sealant can be used to ensure tight-fitting
connections (No Air Leakage) before installation of any compressed air items.
• Inlet Air Connector on this Filter is a 1” NPT Female Connector - A “User-Supplied”
Pressure Regulator is recommended to be installed at this connection.
• Outlet Air Connector on this Filter is a 3/8” NPT Female Connector - A “User-
Supplied” Pressure Gauge is recommended to be installed at this connection along
with any Outlet Air Piping System.
3. Connection
Connect compressor hose or piping to Inlet Air and Outlet Air Connections based on the
“User-Supplied” Compressed Air System. Tighten all piping connections to prevent air
leaks and/or air pressure loss.
�WARNING
When using a respirator, do not connect the filter to any air source unless you are
certain it supplies breathable air. Failure to ensure breathable air source could result in
death or serious injury.
California Proposition 65 �WARNING
Cancer and Reproductive Harm - www.P65Warnings.ca.gov.

8
AirGladiator (AGLDTR6) Filter
Installation Instructions
NOTE
When reinstalling or replacing the 41AF Filter Cartridge, tighten
by hand in a crossing (star) bolt pattern. Then, secure the bolts by
torquing each bolt to a minimum of 20 lbf-ft using the same crossing
(star) pattern.
www.bullard.com
©2022 Bullard. All rights reserved.
Teflon is a registered trademark
of E.I. DuPont de Nemours Co.
Bullard Center
2421 Fortune Drive
Lexington, KY 40509 • USA
877-BULLARD (285-5273)
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
Americas Operations
1898 Safety Way
Cynthiana, KY 41031 • USA
877-BULLARD (285-5273)
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
Bullard GmbH
Dieselstrasse 8a
53424 Remagen • Germany
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
Bullard Asia-Pacific Pte. Ltd.
LHK Building
701, Sims Drive, #04-03
Singapore 387383
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
60810012674A (0222)
Bullard AirGladiator Filters can be used in conjunction with other compressor safeguards to
supply cleaner air to airline respirators. They can also be used to supply drier, cleaner air to
pneumatic tools and systems. The Bullard AirGladiator Filters can be used to remove
water, oil, odors and organic vapors so that cleaner air is delivered to workers or equipment.
�WARNING
The AirGladiator filters do not remove carbon monoxide and other toxic gases. Review
and observe all pertinent federal and state safety regulations in conjunction with airline
respirators. Failure to observe safety regulations or improper use of Bullard Airline
Filters could result in death or serious injury.
Set-Up of AirGladiator Filter:
1. Location:
Select a flat, stable location to mount the filter. Bolt the filter in position using
the mounting base. For wall mount applications, the filter carrying handle is designed
for mounting the filter to a wall or steel beam.
2. Assembly
Two (2) separate sub-assembly parts have been shipped with the filter. Each sub-
assembly needs to be installed onto the filter in order to complete the AirGladiator Filter
Assembly before it is connected to the Compressed Air Supply Piping.
• DupontTM Teflon®tape or thread sealant can be used to ensure tight-fitting
connections (No Air Leakage) before installation of all these sub-assemby parts.)
• Inlet Air - Pressure Regulator has an 1” NPT Male Connector which must be threaded
into the AirGladiator Filter’s 1” NPT Female Connector.
• Pressure Gauge for Outlet Air has an 1/4” NPT Male Back Connector which must
be threaded into the 1/4” NPT Female Connector on the Top Flange of the Filter
Outlet Air Connection Area.
• Additional Quick Disconnect Couplings have been shipped with this AirGladiator
Filter. These extra Couplings allow the user to install a maximum of Six (6) Quick
Disconnect Couplings around the Top Flange of the Filter.
3. Connection
Connect compressor hose or piping to Inlet Air - Pressure Regulator (3/4” NPT Female).
Connect the respirator system or pneumatic tool airline hose to the Quick Disconnect
Coupling on the Outlet Air Top Flange. Tighten all piping connections to prevent air leaks
and/or air pressure loss.
�WARNING
When using a respirator, do not connect the filter to any air source unless you are
certain it supplies breathable air. Failure to ensure breathable air source could result in
death or serious injury.
California Proposition 65 �WARNING
Cancer and Reproductive Harm - www.P65Warnings.ca.gov.
AGLDTR6
Completed Filter
Assembly
Additional Quick Disconnect
Couplings
Pressure Gauge
Inlet Air - Pressure Regulator
Three (3) Sub-Assembly Parts