Cabletron Systems ATX User manual

ATX
USER’S GUIDE
POWER STATUS ENGINE STATUS TURBO STATUS SUPPLY A SUPPLY B 1.6 Gbps
RESET
PACKET PROCESSING ENGINE
NMS PORT POWER
FastNET ATX
TM
OFFLINE
PROC
PWR
OCTAL IEEE 802.3 / ETHERNET 10BASE-T
3X 4X 5X 6X 7X 8X2X1X
SEGMENT LINK
ACT
COL
12345678
OFFLINE
RING 1
RX ST RING 2 RX ST RING 3 RX ST RING 4
RX ST PROC
TX 16 TX 16 TX 16 TX 16 PWR
QUAD IEEE 802.5 TOKEN RING (UTP)
OFFLINE
RX
LK
TX
QUAD FAST ETHERNET / 802.3 100BASE-FX
TX RX
SEGMENT 4SEGMENT 3SEGMENT 2SEGMENT 1
RX
LK
TX RX
LK
TX RX
LK
TX PROC
PWR
TX RX TX RX TX RX
OFFLINE TX PWR
INTELLIGENT FDDI
RING A
RING B
THRU
WRAP RXPROC
FDDI MIC A FDDI MIC BOPTICAL BYPASS
MULTI-MODE MULTI-MODE
OFFLINE
PROCRX
TX PWR
QUADIEEE802.3/ETHERNET10BASE2SEGMENT4SEGMENT3SEGMENT2SEGMENT1 RX
TX
RX
TX
RX
TX
OFFLINE
PROCRX
TX PWR
QUAD IEEE 802.3 / ETHERNET 10BASE2
SEGMENT 4SEGMENT 3SEGMENT 2SEGMENT 1 RX
TX
RX
TX
RX
TX

Notice
i
NOTICE
Cabletron Systems reserves the right to make changes in specifications and other information
contained in this document without prior notice. The reader should in all cases consult Cabletron
Systems to determine whether any such changes have been made.
The hardware, firmware, or software described in this manual is subject to change without notice.
IN NO EVENT SHALL CABLETRON SYSTEMS BE LIABLE FOR ANY INCIDENTAL,
INDIRECT, SPECIAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES WHATSOEVER (INCLUDING BUT
NOT LIMITED TO LOST PROFITS) ARISING OUT OF OR RELATED TO THIS MANUAL OR
THE INFORMATION CONTAINED IN IT, EVEN IF CABLETRON SYSTEMS HAS BEEN
ADVISED OF, KNOWN, OR SHOULD HAVE KNOWN, THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH
DAMAGES.
 Copyright 1997 by Cabletron Systems, Inc., P.O. Box 5005, Rochester, NH 03866-5005
All Rights Reserved
Printed in the United States of America
Order Number: 9031871-02 April 1997
FCC NOTICE
This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC rules. Operation is subject to the following two
conditions: (1) this device may not cause harmful interference, and (2) this device must accept any
interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation.
NOTE: This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital
device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable
protection against harmful interference when the equipment is operated in a commercial environment.
This equipment uses, generates, and can radiate radio frequency energy and if not installed in
accordance with the operator’s manual, may cause harmful interference to radio communications.
Operation of this equipment in a residential area is likely to cause interference in which case the user
will be required to correct the interference at his own expense.
WARNING: Changes or modifications made to this device which are not expressly approved by the
party responsible for compliance could void the user’s authority to operate the equipment.

Notice
ii
DOC NOTICE
This digital apparatus does not exceed the ClassA limits for radio noise emissions from digital
apparatus set out in the Radio Interference Regulations of the Canadian Department of
Communications.
Le présent appareil numérique n’émet pas de bruits radioélectriques dépassant les limites applicables
aux appareils numériques de la class A prescrites dans le Règlement sur le brouillage radioélectrique
édicté par le ministère des Communications du Canada.
VCCI NOTICE
This equipment is in the 1st Class Category (information equipment to be used in commercial and/or
industrial areas) and conforms to the standards set by the Voluntary Control Council for Interference
by Information Technology Equipment (VCCI) aimed at preventing radio interference in commercial
and/or industrial areas.
Consequently, when used in a residential area or in an adjacent area thereto, radio interference may be
caused to radios and TV receivers, etc.
Read the instructions for correct handling.

Notice
iii
EXCLUSION OF WARRANTY AND DISCLAIMER OF LIABILITY
1. EXCLUSION OF WARRANTY. Except as may be specifically provided by Cabletron in
writing, Cabletron makes no warranty, expressed or implied, concerning the Program (including
its documentation and media).
CABLETRON DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES, OTHER THAN THOSE SUPPLIED TO
YOU BY CABLETRON IN WRITING, EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING
BUT NOT LIMITED TO IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, WITH RESPECT TO THE PROGRAM, THE
ACCOMPANYING WRITTEN MATERIALS, AND ANY ACCOMPANYING HARDWARE.
2. NO LIABILITY FOR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES. IN NO EVENT SHALL
CABLETRON OR ITS SUPPLIERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER
(INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, DAMAGES FOR LOSS OF BUSINESS,
PROFITS, BUSINESS INTERRUPTION, LOSS OF BUSINESS INFORMATION, SPECIAL,
INCIDENTAL, CONSEQUENTIAL, OR RELIANCE DAMAGES, OR OTHER LOSS)
ARISING OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THIS CABLETRON PRODUCT,
EVEN IF CABLETRON HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH
DAMAGES. BECAUSE SOME STATES DO NOT ALLOW THE EXCLUSION OR
LIMITATION OF LIABILITY FOR CONSEQUENTIAL OR INCIDENTAL DAMAGES, OR
ON THE DURATION OR LIMITATION OF IMPLIED WARRANTIES, IN SOME
INSTANCES THE ABOVE LIMITATIONS AND EXCLUSIONS MAY NOT APPLY TO
YOU.
CABLETRON SYSTEMS, INC. PROGRAM LICENSE AGREEMENT
IMPORTANT: Before utilizing this product, carefully read this License Agreement.
This document is an agreement between you, the end user, and Cabletron Systems, Inc. (“Cabletron”)
that sets forth your rights and obligations with respect to the Cabletron software program (the
“Program”) contained in this package. The Program may be contained in firmware, chips or other
media. BY UTILIZING THE ENCLOSED PRODUCT,YOU ARE AGREEING TO BECOME
BOUND BY THE TERMS OF THIS AGREEMENT, WHICH INCLUDES THE LICENSE AND
THE LIMITATION OF WARRANTY AND DISCLAIMER OF LIABILITY. IFYOU DO NOT
AGREE TO THE TERMS OF THIS AGREEMENT, PROMPTLY RETURN THE UNUSED
PRODUCT TO THE PLACE OF PURCHASE FOR A FULL REFUND.
CABLETRON SOFTWARE PROGRAM LICENSE
1. LICENSE. You have the right to use only the one (1) copy of the Program provided in this
package subject to the terms and conditions of this License Agreement.
You may not copy, reproduce or transmit any part of the Program except as permitted by the
Copyright Act of the United States or as authorized in writing by Cabletron.
2. OTHER RESTRICTIONS. You may not reverse engineer, decompile, or disassemble the
Program.
3. APPLICABLE LAW. This License Agreement shall be interpreted and governed under the laws
and in the state and federal courts of New Hampshire. You accept the personal jurisdiction and
venue of the New Hampshire courts.

Notice
iv
DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY
Application of Council Directive(s): 89/336/EEC
73/23/EEC
Manufacturer’s Name: Cabletron Systems, Inc.
Manufacturer’s Address: 35 Industrial Way
PO Box 5005
Rochester, NH 03867
European Representative Name: Mr. J. Solari
European Representative Address: Cabletron Systems Limited
Nexus House, Newbury Business Park
London Road, Newbury
Berkshire RG13 2PZ, England
Conformance to Directive(s)/Product Standards: EC Directive 89/336/EEC
EC Directive 73/23/EEC
EN 55022
EN 50082-1
EN 60950
Equipment Type/Environment: Networking Equipment, for use in a
Commercial or Light
Industrial
Environment.
We the undersigned, hereby declare, under our sole responsibility, that the equipment packaged
with this notice conforms to the above directives.
Manufacturer Legal Representative in Europe
Mr. Ronald Fotino Mr. J. Solari
___________________________________ ___________________________________
Full Name Full Name
Principal Compliance Engineer Managing Director - E.M.E.A.
___________________________________ ___________________________________
Title Title
Rochester, NH, USA Newbury, Berkshire, England
___________________________________ ___________________________________
Location Location

v
CONTENTS
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 USING THIS MANUAL .........................................................................1-1
1.2 DOCUMENT CONVENTIONS.............................................................1-3
1.3 RELATED DOCUMENTATION ...........................................................1-4
1.4 GETTING HELP.......................................................................................1-5
1.5 ATX ARCHITECTURE ............................................................................1-6
1.6 ATX FEATURES .......................................................................................1-6
1.6.1 Netbios Name Caching.................................................................1-8
1.6.2 ATX Local and Remote Port Mirroring.......................................1-9
1.6.3 IPX with Token Ring Source Routing .......................................1-10
1.6.4 Event Logging on the ATX .........................................................1-10
1.6.5 ATX LAN Switch Workgroups...................................................1-11
1.6.6 ATX Packet Processing Engine...................................................1-11
1.6.7 Input/output Modules ...............................................................1-12
1.6.8 Power Supply ...............................................................................1-13
1.7 BRIDGING FUNCTIONS .....................................................................1-13
1.7.1 Transparent Bridging...................................................................1-16
1.7.2 Source Route Translational Bridging ........................................1-16
1.7.3 Source Routing Bridging.............................................................1-17
1.7.4 Source Routing Transparent Bridging ......................................1-19
1.7.5 Translation ....................................................................................1-20
1.8 ROUTING FUNCTIONS.......................................................................1-21
1.8.1 IP Routing .....................................................................................1-22
Routing Information Protocol (RIP).........................................1-22
Address Resolution Protocol (ARP).........................................1-22
Reverse Address Resolution Protocol (RARP)........................1-23
Proxy ARP....................................................................................1-23
BOOTP..........................................................................................1-23
IPM................................................................................................1-23
1.8.2 Multiple IP Networks Per Port ..................................................1-24
1.8.3 IP Multicast Routing....................................................................1-26
1.8.4 IP Routing Over Source Routing ...............................................1-29
1.8.5 Configuring IP Routing Over Source Routing.........................1-32
1.8.6 IPX Routing...................................................................................1-32
Routing Information Protocol (RIP).........................................1-33
Service Advertising Protocol (SAP)..........................................1-33
IPX Routing Over Source Route................................................1-33

vi
Contents
1.8.7 Appletalk Routing........................................................................1-34
AppleTalk addressing..........................................................1-34
AppleTalk zones...................................................................1-34
How a Macintosh learns its address..................................1-35
How a router learns its address .........................................1-35
Seed Routers .........................................................................1-36
1.9 TRUNKING.............................................................................................1-37
Trunk Groups........................................................................1-38
1.10 LOCAL CONSOLE MANAGER........................................................1-39
1.10.1 Command Syntax Conventions ...............................................1-40
1.10.2 Basic LCM Commands..............................................................1-41
CHAPTER 2 INSTALLING AND CONNECTING TO THE
NETWORK
2.1 ATX FRONT PANEL ...............................................................................2-1
2.2 MOUNTING THE ATX ...........................................................................2-3
2.3 CONNECTING THE POWER SUPPLY................................................2-4
2.3.1 Checking the Power-up Sequence...............................................2-5
Power-up Diagnostics Sequence..........................................2-6
Troubleshooting the Power-up Sequence...........................2-7
Replacing the Power Supply ................................................2-8
2.4 CONNECTING THE LOCAL CONSOLE MANAGER ...................2-10
CHAPTER 3 CONFIGURING
3.1 CONFIGURING BRIDGING..................................................................3-1
3.1.1 Enabling Bridging Functions........................................................3-3
3.1.2 Displaying Bridging Functions....................................................3-4
3.1.3 Disabling Bridging.........................................................................3-5
3.2 CONFIGURING IP ROUTING ..............................................................3-5
3.2.1 Assigning an IP Address...............................................................3-5
3.2.2 Deleting an IP Address..................................................................3-6
3.2.3 Changing a Subnet Mask..............................................................3-7
3.2.4 Displaying IP Addresses...............................................................3-7
3.2.5 Enabling IP Routing Functions ....................................................3-8
3.2.6 Adding an IP Address to a Port ...................................................3-9
3.2.7 Deleting an IP Address From a Port..........................................3-10
3.2.8 Clearing All IP Addresses From a Port .....................................3-10
3.2.9 IP Multicast Routing LCM Commands ....................................3-11
3.2.10 Displaying IP Routing Functions.............................................3-12

Contents
vii
3.2.11 Disabling Routing Functions....................................................3-12
3.3 CONFIGURING IPX ROUTING..........................................................3-12
3.3.1 Assigning an IPX Address..........................................................3-13
3.3.2 Displaying IPX Addresses ..........................................................3-13
3.3.3 Enabling IPX Routing Functions ...............................................3-14
3.3.4 Displaying IPX Routing Functions............................................3-15
3.3.5 Disabling IPX Routing.................................................................3-15
3.4 CONFIGURING APPLETALK ROUTING.........................................3-15
3.4.1 Enabling AppleTalk Routing......................................................3-16
3.4.2 Displaying AppleTalk Routing Functions................................3-16
3.4.3 Disabling AppleTalk Routing.....................................................3-17
3.4.4 Assigning a Network Number...................................................3-17
3.4.5 Displaying the Network Number .............................................3-19
3.4.6 Adding a Zone Name..................................................................3-19
3.4.7 Displaying a Zone Name............................................................3-20
3.5 CONFIGURING TRUNKING ..............................................................3-20
3.5.1 Enabling Trunking .......................................................................3-21
3.5.2 Disabling Trunking......................................................................3-22
3.6 CONFIGURING MULTICAST STORM PROTECTION..................3-22
3.7 MODIFYING MIB VARIABLES...........................................................3-23
3.7.1 System Contact.............................................................................3-23
3.7.2 System Name................................................................................3-24
3.7.3 System Location ...........................................................................3-24
3.7.4 Authentication Password............................................................3-24
Set Password................................................................................3-24
Get Password...............................................................................3-25
Aging Parameter .........................................................................3-25
Traps (acknowledge)...................................................................3-25
Configuration Alarm Dynamic .................................................3-26
3.8 CONFIGURING NETBIOS NAME CACHING ................................3-26
3.9 VIRTUAL WORKGROUP LCM COMMANDS.................................3-27
3.10 CLASSIFICATION...............................................................................3-28
3.10.1 Workgroup of Type ALL...........................................................3-28
3.10.2 Workgroup of Type IP...............................................................3-29
3.10.3 Workgroup of Type IPX ............................................................3-31
3.10.4 Same Port in Multiple Workgroups ........................................3-33
3.10.5 Workgroup to Workgroup Communication ..........................3-34
3.11 LOCAL AND REMOTE PORT MIRRORING COMMANDS .......3-35
3.11.1 Types of Media and Framing....................................................3-36
3.11.2 Packet Capturing and Mirroring .............................................3-37
3.11.3 Mirrored Filters ..........................................................................3-38

viii
Contents
3.11.4 Example #1: LOCAL Port Mirroring.......................................3-38
3.11.5 Example #2: REMOTE Port Mirroring....................................3-39
3.12 IPX ROUTING OVER SOURCE ROUTE COMMANDS................3-40
3.13 PING COMMANDS ............................................................................3-40
3.14 TRACE ROUTE COMMANDS...........................................................3-40
3.15 EVENT LOGGING COMMANDS.....................................................3-41
3.15.1 eventfilter ....................................................................................3-41
3.15.2 eventtrap .....................................................................................3-42
3.15.3 eventdisplay................................................................................3-42
3.16 CONFIGURING SOURCE ROUTE TRANSLATIONAL BRIDGING
(RIF CACHING)............................................................................................3-42
3.16.1 Managing SRTB..........................................................................3-43
3.16.2 SRTB Usage in the ATX .............................................................3-44
CHAPTER 4 MONITORING AND MANAGING THE ATX
4.1 MONITORING STATISTICS..................................................................4-1
4.1.1 General Status and Statistics ........................................................4-4
4.1.2 IP Status and Statistics...................................................................4-4
4.1.3 ICMP Status and Statistics............................................................4-6
4.1.4 UDP Status and Statistics..............................................................4-8
4.1.5 SNMP Status and Statistics...........................................................4-9
4.1.6 Spanning Tree Status and Statistics...........................................4-10
4.2 MODULE STATUS AND STATISTICS...............................................4-11
4.2.1 End-node Status and Statistics...................................................4-11
4.2.2 Traffic Analysis Statistics.............................................................4-12
4.3 MONITORING STATUS.......................................................................4-13
4.3.1 Displaying Status .........................................................................4-13
4.3.2 Displaying MAC Addresses.......................................................4-15
4.3.3 Displaying Manufacturing Information ...................................4-17
4.4 MANAGING YOUR ATX .....................................................................4-17
4.4.1 Disabling a Port............................................................................4-18
4.4.2 Enabling a Port .............................................................................4-18
4.4.3 Taking a Module Offline .............................................................4-19
4.4.4 Bringing a Module Online ..........................................................4-19
4.4.5 Setting The Baud Rate .................................................................4-20
4.4.6 Displaying The Baud Rate ..........................................................4-20
4.4.7 Assigning a Community Name .................................................4-20

Contents
ix
CHAPTER 5 FILTERS
5.1 FILTERING AND PERFORMANCE CONSIDERATIONS ...............5-2
5.2 USING FILTERS FOR SECURITY PURPOSES....................................5-2
5.3 USING FILTERS TO IMPROVE PERFORMANCE.............................5-3
5.4 ADDRESS TABLE FILTERS....................................................................5-4
5.4.1 Destination Address Filter............................................................5-5
5.4.2 Source Address Filter ....................................................................5-5
5.4.3 Combination Address Filters .......................................................5-6
5.4.4 Source Address Multicast Filter...................................................5-6
5.5 COMBINATION PORT FILTERS..........................................................5-7
5.5.1 Configurable Fields .......................................................................5-8
Type ....................................................................................................5-9
Source Range.....................................................................................5-9
Source Range Start............................................................................5-9
Source Range End.............................................................................5-9
Source Range Mask ........................................................................5-10
Destination Range ..........................................................................5-10
Destination Range Start .................................................................5-10
Destination Range End ..................................................................5-10
Destination Range Mask................................................................5-10
Port/Group Match .........................................................................5-10
Port/Group # ..................................................................................5-10
Protocol Match ................................................................................5-11
Protocol Type...................................................................................5-11
Field Match......................................................................................5-11
Field Origin......................................................................................5-12
Field Offset.......................................................................................5-12
Field Value .......................................................................................5-12
Field Mask .......................................................................................5-12
Threshold Time ...............................................................................5-12
Threshold.........................................................................................5-13
Filter Index.......................................................................................5-13
Combination Port Filter Options..................................................5-13
Pseudo Filter Option ......................................................................5-13
Linking Combination Port Filters ................................................5-14
5.6 ADDING A FILTER...............................................................................5-14
5.7 MODIFYING A FILTER........................................................................5-18
5.8 DELETING A FILTER ...........................................................................5-18
5.9 DISPLAYING A FILTER.......................................................................5-19
5.10 FILTERING APPLICATION EXAMPLES........................................5-19

x
Contents
5.10.1 Filtering for Security Purposes.................................................5-20
Example 1 — Blocking access to a network segment ................5-20
Example 2 — Blocking access to specific stations ......................5-22
Example 3 — Restricting access to authorized users.................5-25
Example 4 — Filtering by vendor ID ...........................................5-26
Example 5 — Configuring a firewall filter
to control multicasts .......................................................................5-27
CHAPTER 6 TRAPS
6.1 GENERIC SNMP TRAPS.........................................................................6-1
6.2 ATX UNIQUE TRAP IDS.........................................................................6-3
CHAPTER 7 DIAGNOSTICS AND TROUBLESHOOTING
7.1 DIAGNOSTICS OVERVIEW..................................................................7-1
7.2 POWER-UP DIAGNOSTICS ..................................................................7-1
7.2.1 Power-up LED Sequence ..............................................................7-2
7.2.2 Specific Power-up Tests.................................................................7-3
7.2.3 Software Checksum Comparison ................................................7-4
7.2.4 Power-up Diagnostics Results......................................................7-4
7.2.5 Responses to Failures at Power-up..............................................7-4
Failure Indicators..............................................................................7-5
NMS Failure Traps............................................................................7-5
7.3 DIAGNOSTICS WHILE ATX IS OPERATIONAL ..............................7-5
7.3.1 Loopback Tests ...............................................................................7-5
7.3.2 Diagnostic Results..........................................................................7-6
7.4 STATUS AND ACTIVITY LEDS............................................................7-6
7.5 TROUBLESHOOTING.............................................................................7-8
7.5.1 ATX Does Not Power Up ..............................................................7-9
7.5.2 Module Status LED Not Lit..........................................................7-9
7.5.3 Connectivity Problems..................................................................7-9
7.5.4 ATX Has Rebooted.......................................................................7-10
7.5.5 ATX Does Not Respond To NMS...............................................7-10
CHAPTER 8 ADDING/SWAPPING MODULES AND
MAINTENANCE
8.1 ADDING A MODULE.............................................................................8-1
8.2 SWAPPING A MODULE........................................................................8-2

Contents
xi
8.3 MAINTENANCE.....................................................................................8-3
8.3.1 Power Fuse......................................................................................8-3
8.3.2 Fan Filters........................................................................................8-4
8.3.3 Hot Swapping the Power Supply................................................8-4
APPENDIX A SPECIFICATIONS FOR THE ATX
APPENDIX B PACKET TRANSLATION PROCEDURE
APPENDIX C NULL MODEM CABLE PINOUTS
APPENDIX D GLOSSARY
APPENDIX E BIG ENDIAN TO LITTLE ENDIAN CONVERSION

xii
Contents

1-1
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
Welcome to the Cabletron Systems ATX User Guide. This manual
explains installation instructions, and provides specifications for
the ATX.
1.1 USINGTHIS MANUAL
This manual is for system administrators responsible for
configuring, monitoring, and maintaining the ATX.
You should have a familiarity with internetworking concepts and
principles when you install the ATX. A basic understanding of
SNMP is helpful. Additionally, if you are using IP routing, you
should have an understanding of how to assign addresses. The
incorrect use of IP addresses can cause problems on your network
as well as across the Internet if you are connected to it. A list of
reference material is provided in the section Related
Documentation .
This manual is the base of the ATX documentation set. Each
module that you can use in the ATX also has its own manual. The
complete documentation set is described in the section Related
Documentation .
Much of the configuration of the ATX needs to be done using an
SNMP-based network management station, therefore, how you
configure is dependent on the station you use. Where applicable,
this manual provides instructions for using the ATX’s Local
Console Manager (LCM) to perform basic configuration. Where it
isn’t possible to use LCM, general instructions and guidelines
applicable to most network management stations are provided.
The contents of each chapter are described below.
• Chapter 1, Introduction , provides an overview of the ATX
architecture, bridging and routing functions, and describes the
Local Console Manager and its command syntax.

1-2
Introduction
• Chapter 2, Installing and Connecting to the Network ,
describes the ATX front panel, how to install the ATX, and how
to connect the Local Console Manager.
• Chapter 3, Configuring , provides instructions for configuring
bridging, and IP, IPX, and AppleTalk Phase II routing using the
Local Console Manager. It also provides the MIB variables for
configuring multicast storm protection and some common
variables you may want to change.
• Chapter 4, Monitoring and Managing the ATX , describes how
to monitor status and statistics. It also describes how to manage
modules and ports using the Local Console Manager.
• Chapter 5, Filters , provides instructions for adding, modifying,
and deleting filters using the Local Console Manager. It also
provides specific examples of how filters can be used.
• Chapter 6, Traps , describes the traps the ATX sends to an SNMP
manager.
• Chapter 7, Diagnostics and Troubleshooting , describes theATX
diagnostics and provides information on troubleshooting
common problems.
• Chapter 8, Adding/Swapping Modules and Maintenance ,
provides instructions for adding or swapping a module. It also
describes how to change fuses and clean the fan filters.
• Appendix A, Technical Specifications , lists ATX specifications.
• Appendix B, Packet Translation Procedure , describes the
canonical format the ATX uses for translating packets.
• Appendix C, Null Modem Cable Pinouts , provides the cable
pinouts for a null modem cable.
• Appendix D, Glossary , provides a glossary of terms both
specific to the ATX and common to the internetworking field.

Introduction
1-3
• Appendix E, Big Endian to Little Endian Address Conversion ,
describes how to convert MAC addresses from big endian
(Token Ring native) to little endian (Ethernet) format.
1.2 DOCUMENT CONVENTIONS
The following conventions are used in presenting information in
this manual:
LCM commands, prompts, and information displayed by the
computer appear in Courier typeface:
Current Number of Static Addresses: 5
Current Number of Learned Addresses: 133
Number of Defined Filters: 4
Information that you enter appears in Courier bold typeface:
ATX > status
Information that you need to enter with a command is enclosed in
angle brackets < >. For example, you must enter a MAC address to
execute the
address matrix <MAC address>
command:
ATX > address matrix 00:40:27:04:1a:0f
Field value options appear in bold typeface. For example, a filter
type can be either
Entry or Exit .
Note: The Note calls the reader’s attention to any item of information that
may be of special importance.
Caution: A Caution alerts the reader to a specific action which may
negatively affect your computer equipment, server
communication with your ATX, or may cause data loss.
Warning: A warning means you could cause physical harm to yourself.
Follow the guidelines in the manual or on the unit itself when
handling electrical equipment.

1-4
Introduction
1.3 RELATED DOCUMENTATION
You may need to refer to the following documentation:
• ATX MIB Reference Guide – contains enterprise MIB information.
• Token Ring Switch Module User Guide – contains instructions on
installing the modules into the ATX and connecting your Token-
Ring module to the network.
• FDDI Dual-Attached Intelligent Module User Guide – contains
instructions on installing the modules into the ATX and
connecting your intelligent FDDI module to the network.
• Fast Ethernet Switch Module User Guide – contains instructions on
installing the modules into the ATX and connecting your Fast
Ethernet modules to the network.
• Ethernet Switch Module User Guide – contains instructions on
installing the modules into the ATX and connecting your
Ethernet module to the network.
If you need internetworking reference material, you may find the
following books helpful:
• Interconnections, Bridges and Routers, Radia Perlman, Addison
Wesley
 1992.
• Internetworking with TCP/IP: Principles, Protocols, and Architecture
(2nd edition), Volumes I and II, Douglas Comer, Prentice Hall

1991.
• Inside AppleTalk (2nd edition), Gursharan S. Sidhu, Richard F.
Andrews, Alan B. Oppenheimer, Addison-Wesley
 1990.
• The Simple Book, An Introduction to Management of TCP/IP-based
internets , Marshall T. Rose, Prentice Hall
 1991.

Introduction
1-5
1.4 GETTING HELP
If you need additional support related to this device, or if you have
any questions, comments, or suggestions concerning this manual,
contact Cabletron Systems Technical Support:
Phone: [phone]
Monday – Friday
8
A
.
M
. – 8
P
.
M
. Eastern Time
CompuServe: GO CTRON from any ! prompt
Internet mail: [email protected]
FTP: ctron.com (134.141.197.25)
Login: anonymous
Password: your email address
BBS: [phone]
Modem setting: 8N1: 8 data bits, No parity, 1 stop bit
Before calling Cabletron Systems Technical Support, have the
following information ready:
• A description of the failure
• A description of any action(s) already taken to resolve the
problem (e.g., changing mode switches, rebooting the unit, etc.)
• A description of your network environment (layout, cable type,
etc.)
• Network load and frame size at the time of trouble (if known)
• The serial and revision numbers of all modules in the ATX
• Module status (crash codes, if any), firmware version, any
verbose display messages; to display messages, use the
display verbose and status commands
• The device history (i.e., have you returned the device before, is
this a recurring problem, etc.)

1-6
Introduction
• Any previous Return Material Authorization (RMA) numbers
For additional information about Cabletron Systems products,
visit our World Wide Web site: http://www.cabletron.com/
1.5 ATX ARCHITECTURE
The ATX is a high-performance, multi-protocol, LANswitch
providing multi-technology, multi-layer switching capacity,
performance and intelligence, creating a unique platform for LAN
to ATM migration.
The ATX has five slots for various interface modules and space for
two power supplies. The ATX front panel is shown in Figure 1-1.
Figure 1-1. The ATX Front Panel
1.6 ATX FEATURES
Cabletron Systems ATX is designed to meet the growing demands
for bandwidth across the enterprise-wide network. The ATX
integrates the functions of a translation bridge, router, and
concentrator/repeater into a single unit. It is designed to support
multiple independent networks which are internally bridged
and/or routed together with the level of reliability required of
mission-critical networks. The internetworking function is
performed by a high performance RISC processor-based Packet
POWER STATUS ENGINE STATUS TURBO STATUS SUPPLY A SUPPLY B 1.6 Gbps
RESET
PACKET PROCESSING ENGINE
NMS PORT POWER
FastNET ATX
TM
OFFLINE
PROC
PWR
OCTAL IEEE 802.3 / ETHERNET 10BASE-T
3X 4X 5X 6X 7X 8X2X1X
SEGMENT LINK
ACT
COL
12345678
OFFLINE
RING 1
RX ST RING 2 RX ST RING 3 RX ST RING 4
RX ST PROC
TX 16 TX 16 TX 16 TX 16 PWR
QUAD IEEE 802.5 TOKEN RING (UTP)
OFFLINE
RX
LK
TX
QUAD FAST ETHERNET / 802.3 100BASE-FX
TX RX
SEGMENT 4SEGMENT 3SEGMENT 2SEGMENT 1
RX
LK
TX RX
LK
TX RX
LK
TX PROC
PWR
TX RX TX RX TX RX
OFFLINE TX PWR
INTELLIGENT FDDI
RING A
RING B
THRU
WRAP RXPROC
FDDI MIC A FDDI MIC BOPTICAL BYPASS
MULTI-MODE MULTI-MODE
OFFLINE
PROCRX
TX PWR
QUADIEEE802.3/ETHERNET10BASE2
SEGMENT4SEGMENT3SEGMENT2SEGMENT1 RX
TX
RX
TX
RX
TX
OFFLINE
PROCRX
TX PWR
QUAD IEEE 802.3 /ETHERNET 10BASE2
SEGMENT 4SEGMENT 3SEGMENT 2SEGMENT 1 RX
TX
RX
TX
RX
TX