Cessna 172 Series 1973 User manual

c
essna.
MOREPEOPLEBUYAND
FLYCESSNAAIRPLANES
THAN ANY OTHER MAKE
1973
WORLDS LARGESTPRO-
DUCEROFGENERAL
AVIATIONAIRCRAFT
SINCE 1956
SRYHAWK
OWNER'S
MANUAL

PERFORMANCE - SPECIFICATIONS
Model172* Skyhawk*
GROSS WEIGHT 2300lbs2300 lbs
SPEED:
TopSpeed at Sea Level 139 mph 140 mph
Cruise, 75% Power at 9000 ft131 mph 132 mph
RANGE:
Cruise, 75% Power at 9000 ft615mi620mi
38 Gal., No Reserve 4.7 hrs 4.7 hrs
131mph132mph
Cruise, 75% Power at 9000 ft775mi780mi
48 Gal., No Reserve 5.9 hrs 5.9 hrs
131mph132mph
OptimumRange at 10, 000ft640mi655mi
38 Gal., No Reserve 5.5 hrs 5.5 hrs
117mph 118 mph
OptimumRange at 10, 000ft820mi830mi
48 Gal., No Reserve 7.0 hrs 7.0 hrs
117mph118mph
RATE OF CLIMB ATSEA LEVEL 645 fpm 645 fpm
SERVICECEILING 13,100ft13,100ft
TAKE-OFF:
Ground Run 865ft865ft
Total DistanceOver 50-Foot Obstacle . . . 1525 ft 1525 ft
LANDING:
GroundRoll 520ft520ft
Total DistanceOver 50-Foot Obstacle . . . 1250 ft 1250 ft
STALLSPEED:
Flaps Up, Power Off57 mph 57 mph
Flaps Down,Power Off49 mph 49 mph
EMPTY WEIGHT(Approximate) 1285lbs 1335lbs
USEFUL LOAD 1015 lbs965lbs
BAGGAGE 120 lbs 120lbs
WINGLOADING:Pounds/SqFoot 13.213.2
POWER LOADING:Pounds/HP 15.315.3
FUEL CAPACITY:Total
SUndard Tanks 42 gal. 42 gal.
OptionalLongRangeTanks 52 gal. 52 gal.
OIL CAPACITY:Total 8 qts8 qts
PROPELLER: FixedPitch(Diameter) 75 inches 75 inches
ENGINE:
LycomingEngine O-320-E2DO-320-E2D
150 rated HP at 2700RPM
• This manual covets operationoftheModel172/Skyhawkwhichiscertificated
asModel172MunderFAA Type CertificateNo3A12.Themanualalso covers
operationofthe Reims/Cessna Model fl72 whichiscettificatedasModelF172M
under French Type CertificateNo^25andFAA Type CertificateNo. A4EtJ
D964-13

CONGRATULATIONS
Welcome totheranksofCessnaowners I YourCessnahasbeendesignedandcon-
structedtogiveyouthe most inperformance, economy, andcomfort.Itisourde-
sire thatyou will findflyingit,eitherforbusinessorpleasure,a pleasantand
profitableexperience.
This Owner'sManualhasbeenpreparedasa guidetohelpyougetthe most pleasure
andutilityfromyour Model 172/Skyhawk.ItcontainsInformation about yourCessna's
equipment,operatingprocedures,andperformance;andsuggestionsforitsservicing
andcare.Weurgeyoutoreaditfromcovertocover,andtorefertoitfrequently.
Our interestinyourflyingpleasurehasnotceasedwithyourpurchaseofa Cessna.
World-wide,theCessnaDealerOrganizationbackedbytheCessnaServiceDepart-
ment standsreadytoserveyou.Thefollowingservicesare offered by most Cessna
Dealers:
THE CESSNAWARRANTY— Itisdesignedtoprovideyouwiththe most
comprehensivecoveragepossible:
a. Noexclusions
b.Coverageincludespartsandlabor
c. AvailableatCessnaDealersworldwide
d.Bestintheindustry
Specific benefitsandprovisionsofthewarrantyplusotherimportant
benefitsforyouarecontainedinyourCustomerCareProgram book
suppliedwithyouraircraft.Warrantyserviceisavailabletoyouat
anyauthorizedCessnaDealerthroughouttheworlduponpresentation
ofyourCustomerCare Card whichestablishesyoureligibilityunder
thewarranty.
FACTORY TRAINED PERSONNEL toprovideyouwithcourteousexpert
service.
FACTORY APPROVED SERVICE EQUIPMENTtoprovideyouwiththe
most efficientandaccurateworkmanshippossible.
ASTOCKOF GENUINE CESSNA SERVICE PARTSonhandwhenyou
needthem.
THE LATEST AUTHORITATIVE INFORMATIONFOR SERVICING
CESSNA AIRPLANES, sinceCessnaDealershavealloftheService
ManualsandPartsCatalogs,keptcurrentbyServiceLettersand
Service NewsLetters,publishedbyCessnaAircraftCompany.
WeurgeallCessnaownerstousetheCessnaDealerOrganizationtothefullest.
AcurrentCessnaDealerDirectoryaccompaniesyournewairplane.TheDirectory
is revisedfrequently,anda current copy canbeobtainedfromyourCessnaDealer.
MakeyourDirectoryoneofyourcross-countryflightplanningaids;a warm welcome
awaitsyouateveryCessnaDealer.

TABLE OFCONTENTS
^========^===========:==========^=== Page:
SECTIONI - OPERATING CHECK LIST 1-1
SECTIONII- DESCRIPTIONAND
OPERATING DETAILS 2-1
SECTIONIII- EMERGENCYPROCEDURES3-1
SECTIONIV- OPERATING LIMITATIONS 4-1
SECTIONV - CARE OFTHEAIRPLANE5-1
OWNERFOLLOW-UP SYSTEM 5-11
SECTIONVI- OPERATIONALDATA.6-1
SECTIONVII-OPTIONAL SYSTEMS 7-1
This maniial describesthe operation and performance of
both theCessna Model 172and Skyhawk.Equipment des-
cribed as "Optional" denotes that the subjecteqviipment
is optional onthe Model 172. Much of this eqmpment is
standard onthe Skyhawkmodel.
Ill

Sect ion I
OPERATING CHECK LIST
Oneofthe first steps inobtainingtheutmostperformance,service,
and flying enjoymentfromyour Cessna istofamiliarizeyourself with
youraircraft'sequipment,systems,andcontrols.Thiscan best be done
byreviewing this equipmentwhile sitting intheaircraft. Those items
whose functionandoperationarenot obvious are covered inSection II.
SectionI lists, inPilot's Check List form,the steps necessary to
operateyouraircraftefficientlyandsafely.Itisnota check list inits
true formasitisconsiderablylonger,butit does cover brieflyallofthe
points that youshouldknowfora typical flight. Anabbreviated check list
coveringthe"BeforeTake-Off"and"BeforeLanding" phases ofaircraft
operationisprovidedona plasticcardandnormallystowedinthemap
compartment.Thisabbreviated check list isa convenient reference of
keyitemstobe rechecked immediatelypriorto taxiing intopositionfor
take-offand before enteringthe final approachforlanding.
The flight andoperationalcharacteristicsofyouraircraftarenormal
in all respects. Thereareno"ucnconventional"characteristicsoropera-
tions that need tobemastered.Allcontrolsrespondinthenormalway
within theentirerangeofoperation.All airspeeds mentionedin Sections
I, IIandinareindicatedairspeeds.Correspondingcalibratedairspeed
maybeobtainedfromtheAirspeedCorrectionTableinSectionVI.
BEFORE ENTERING THE AIRPLANE.
(1)Makeanexteriorinspectionin accordance with figure1-1.
1-1

EXTERIOR INSPECTION
Note
© a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Visually check aircraft forgeneralcondition during walk-
around inspection.Incoldweather,removeevensmall
accumulationsoffrost,iceor snow fromwing, tail and
control surfaces.Also,makesure that controlsurfaces
contain no internal accumulationsoficeordebris.If
night flight isplanned, check operationofall lights, and
makesurea flashlightisavailable.
Remove controlwheellock.
Check ignition switchOFF.
Turn onmasterswitchand check fuel quantity indicators;then
turn offmasterswitch.
CheckfuelselectorvalvehandleonBOTH.
Check baggage door forsecurity.Lock with keyifchildrenare
to occupy child'sseat.
^^^^^^•^"'••i^^"^^^^^^™""^^^^^^^^^^™'Figure
1-2

(2)a. Remove ruddergustlock,if installed.
b. Disconnect tail tie-down.
c.Check control surfacesforfreedomofmovementandsecurity.
(3)a.Check aileron forfreedomofmovementandsecurity.
(4)a.Disconnect wing tie-down.
b. Check main wheel tire forproper inflation.
c. Visually check fuel quantity; then check fuel filler capsecure.
^(5)a.Checkoil level. Donotoperate with less than six quarts. Fill
to eight quarts forextended flights,
b. Before first flight ofdayand after each refueling, pull out
—1^ strainer drain knobforaboutfour seconds toclear fuel
strainer ofpossiblewaterandsediment.Check strainer
drain closed.Ifwaterisobserved,thereisa possibility
that the fuel tank sumpscontain water. Thus,the fuel tank
1^ sump drain plugsand fuel selectorvalve drain plug should
beremovedtocheckforthe presence of water.
^c.Checkpropellerandspinnerfornicksandsecurity.
d. Check landing light forconditionandcleanliness.
e.Checkcarbiu-etorair filter for restrictions bydustorother
foreign matter.
f.Check nose wheel strut and tire forproper inflation.
.g.Disconnecttie-downrope.
h. Inspect flight instrument static sourceopeningonsideof
\fuselageforstoppage (left side only).
n
(6)a.Check main wheel tire forproper inflation.
b. Visually check fuel quantity, then check fuel filler capsecure.
® ^
Remove pilot tubecover,if installed, andcheck pilot tube
opening forstoppage.
^b.Check fuel tank ventopeningforstoppage.
c.Check stall warning ventopeningforstoppage.
d. Disconnect wing tie-down.
r 1-1-
(s) a.Check aileron forfreedomofmovementandsecurity.
1-3

BEFORE STARTING THE ENGINE.
(1) Seats, Seat BeltsandShoulderHarnesses--Adjustandlock.
(2)Fuel Selector Valve— BOTH.
(3)Brakes--Testandset.
(4) Radios andElectricalEquipment--OFF.
STARTING THE ENGINE.
(1) Mixture --Rich.
(2)CarburetorHeat— Cold.
(3)Primer--2-6strokesasrequired (none ifengineiswarm).
Close andlockprimer.
(4)Throttle— Open1/8".
(5)MasterSwitch— ON.
(6)PropellerArea--Clear.
(7) Ignition Switch--START (release whenenginestarts).
(8)OilPressure-- Check.
BEFORE TAKE-OFF.
(1)ParkingBrake--Set.
(2) Flight Controls— Check forfreeandcorrectmovement.
(3)Fuel Selector Valve--BOTH.
(4)Elevator Trim ControlWheel— TAKE-OFFsetting.
(5)ThrottleSetting--1700RPM.
(6)EngineInstrumentsandAmmeter-- Check.
(7)Suction Gage -- Check (4.6to5.4inchesofmercury).
(8)Magnetos-- Check (RPMdropshovddnot exceed 125RPMon
either magnetoor50RPMdifferentialbetweenmagnetos).
(9)CarburetorHeat-- Check operation.
(10) Flight Instrumentsand Radios --Set.
(11)OptionalAutopilotorWingLeveler--Off.
(12)Cabin Doors andWindow-- Closed andlocked.
TAKE-OFF.
NORMAL TAKE-OFF.
(1)WingFlaps— 0°.
(2)CarburetorHeat — Cold.

(3) Power -- Full throttle.
(4)ElevatorControl-- Lift nose wheelat60MPH.
(5)Climb Speed --75to85MPH.
MAXIMUM PERFORMANCE TAKE-OFF.
(1)WingFlaps--0°.
(2)CarburetorHeat--Cold.
(3)Brakes--Apply.
(4) Power -- Full throttle.
(5)Brakes-- Release.
(6)AirplaneAttitude--Slightly tail low.
(7)Climb Speed --68MPH until all obstacles arecleared.
CLIMB.
(1)Airspeed--80to90MPH.
NOTE
If a maximumperformanceclimbis necessary, use
speeds shownintheMaximumRate-Of-ClimbData
chart inSectionVI.
•(2) Power -- Full throttle,
(3)Mixture-- Full rich (mixturemaybeleaned above 3000 feet).
CRUISING.
(1) Power -- 2200 to 2700 RPM.
NOTE
Maximum cruiseRPMvaries with altitude.Fordetails,
refertoSectionTV.
(2)Elevator Trim ControlWheel--Adjust.
(3)Mixture--LeanformaximumRPM.
1-5

LET-DOWN.
(1) Mixture --Rich.
(2) Power --Asdesired.
(3)CarburetorHeat--Asrequiredtopreventcarburetor icir^.
BEFORE LANDING.
(1)Fuel Selector Valve--BOTH
(2) Mixture — Rich.
(3)CarburetorHeat--Apply full heat before closing throttle.
(4)WingFlaps--Asdesired.
(5)Airspeed--70to80MPH(flapsup),65to75MPH(flapsdown).
BALKED LANDING (GO-AROUND).
(1) Power -- Full throttle.
(2)CarburetorHeat--Cold,
(3)WingFlaps--Retractto20°.
(4)Uponreachinganairspeedofapproximately65MPH,retract
flapsslowly.
NORMAL LANDING.
(1)Touchdown-- Main wheels first.
(2)LandingRoll--Lower nose wheelgently.
(3) Braking -- Minimum required.
•m
AFTER LANDING. ^
(1)WingFlaps--Up.^
(2)CarburetorHeat--Cold. >^
1-6

f-s SECURINGAIRCRAFT.
(1) ParkingBrake — Set.
(2)Radiosand ElectricalEquipment --OFF.
(3) Mixture — Idlecut-off(pulled full out).
(4) Ignition and MasterSwitch --OFF.
(5) Control Lock-- Installed.
1-7

INSTRUMENTPANEL
1.
Flight InstrumentGroup 12.
Ammeter
23.
Fuel SelectorValveHandle
2.
Aircraft RegistrationNumber 13. OptionalInstrument
and
24. Elevator TrimControl Wheel
3. SuctionGage(Opt.) RadioSpace(Opt.) 25. Throttle
4.
MarkerBeaconIndicator 14. MapCompartment 26. CarburetorHeatControl
Lights and Switches(Opt.) 15.
Wing FlapPositionIndicator 27.
Electrical Switches
5.
Tachometer 16. Cigar Lighter 28.
Circuit Breakers
6.
MagneticCompass 17.
Cabin Airand HeatControls 29.
Parking BrakeHandle
7.
RadioSelectorSwitches(Opt.) 18.
Wing FlapSwitch 30.Ignition/StarterSwitch
8. Rear ViewMirror(Opt.) 19. Static PressureAlternate 31. Instrument
and RadioDial
9.
Radios and Transponder(Opt.) SourceValve(Opt.)
Light Rheostats
10. Fuel andOil Gages 20. MixtureControlKnob 32. MasterSwitch
11 Over-VoltageWarning 21. AutopilotControlUnit(Opt.) 33.
Primer
Light 22. Microphone(Opt.) 34. PhoneJack
Figure 2-1.

Section II
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATING DETAILS
Thefollowingparagraphs describe the systems andequipment whose
fimction andoperationisnot obvious whensittingintheaircraft.This
section also covers in somewhat greaterdetail some oftheitemslisted
in Check Listformin Section I thatrequirefurtherexplanation.
FUEL SYSTEM.
Fuelissuppliedtothe engine fromtwotanks,onein each wing.With
thefuel selector valveonBOTH,thetotal usable fuelforallflightcondi-
tionsis38 gallons forthestandardtanksand48 gallons fortheoptional
long range tanks.
Fuelfrom each wir^tankflowsbygravitytoa selector valve.De-
pendinguponthesettingofthe selector valve,fuelfromtheleft, right,
orbothtanksflowsthrougha fuelstrainerandcarburetortothe engine
induction system.
Thefuel selector valveshouldbeintheBOTHpositionfortake-off,
climb,landing,and maneuvers thatinvolve prolonged slipsorskids.
OperationfromeitherLEFTorRIGHTtankis reserved forcruising
flight.
NOTE
With lowfuel(l/8thtankor less), a prolonged steep de-
scent (1500 feet or more) with partial power, full flaps,
and80MPHorgreatershouldbe avoided duetothe pos-
sibility ofthefueltankoutletsbeing uncovered, causing
temporaryfuelstarvation.Ifstarvation occurs, leveling
the nose should restore power within 20 seconds.
NOTE
Whenthefuel selector valvehandleisintheBOTHpo-
sition incruising flight, unequalfuelflowfrom each
2-1

FUELSYSTEM SCHEMATIC
LEFT FUEL TANK
RIGHT FUEL TANK
VENT
TOENSURE MAXIMUM FUEL CAPACITY
WHEN REFUELING,PLACE THE FUEL
SELECTOR VALVE IN EITHER LEFT
ORRIGHTPOSITION TO PREVENT
CROSS-FEEDING.
TO ,
ENGINE
CODE
J FUEL SUPPLY
VENT
MECHANICAL
UNKAGE
CARBURETOR
IT
TO
ENGINE
THROTTLE
MIXTURE
CONTROL
KNOB
Figure 2-2.
2-2

FUELSYSTEM SCHEMATIC
LEFT FUEL TANK
RIGHT FUEL TANK
VENT
TOENSURE MAXIMUM FUEL CAPACITY
WHEN REFUELING,PLACE THE FUEL
SELECTOR VALVE IN EITHER LEFT
ORRIGHTPOSITION TO PREVENT
CROSS-FEEDING.
TO
ENGINE
CODE
FUEL SUPPLY
VENT
MECHANICAL
LINKAGE
THROTTLE
TO
ENGINE
MIXTURE
CONTROL
KNOB
Figure 2-2.
2-2

tank may occur ifthewingsarenotmaintainedexactly
level.Resultingwing heaviness canbealleviated
graduallyby turning the selector valvehandletothe
tank inthe "heavy" wing.
NOTE
It isnotpracticalto measure thetimerequiredto con-
sume allofthefuelinonetank,and,afterswitching
tothe opposite tank, expect anequaldurationfromthe
remainingfuel.The airspace inbothfueltanksisin-
terconnected bya ventline(figure2-2)and,therefore,
some sloshingoffuel between tankscanbe expected
whenthetanksarenearly full andthewingsarenotlevel.
Forfuel system servicinginformation,refertoLubricationand
Servicing Procedures in Section V.
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM.
Electrical energy issuppliedbya 14-volt,direct-current system
powered byanengine-drivenalternator(seefigure2-3).A 12-voltbat-
tery is located ontheleft-handforwardportionofthe firewall. Power is
suppliedtoallelectricalcircuitsthrougha splitbusbar,one side con-
taining electronic systems andtheother side havinggeneralelectrical
systems. Both sides ofthebusareonatalltimes except wheneitheran
external power source is connected ortheignition/starterswitchisturned
on;thena power contactor isautomaticallyactivatedto open thecircuitto
theelectronicbus.Isolatingtheelectroniccircuitsinthismannerpre-
ventsharmfultransient voltages fromdamagingthetransistorsinthe
electronicequipment.
MASTER SWITCH.
Themasterswitchisa split-rockertypeswitchlabeledMASTER,
andisONintheuppositionandOFFinthedownposition.The right half
oftheswitch,labeledBAT,controlsallelectrical power totheairplane.
Thelefthalf,labeledALTcontrolsthealternator.
Normally, both sides ofthemasterswitchshouldbe used simulta-
neously; however, theBAT side oftheswitchcouldbeturnedON sepa-
rately to check equipmentwhileontheground.TheALT side ofthe
2-3

ELECTRICAL SYSTEM schematic
TOOVtB-VOLTACEWARNING
iiGHr
TOOVER-VOLTAG(SENSOH
AND MASTfR SWITCH
TOAUTOMATIC PHOT |QPT|
, , ll,. PLUGBECEPIACLE
GROUNDSERVICE
y FRO*
^^^)- to L
10RADIO(OPT)
IRADIO I
L-^^y 10 RADIO lOPT)
IRADIO 7
TORADIO|OPT)
IRADIO 3
L-i(2^i TO RADIO(GPIl
IRADIO 4
L^^^a TO RADIO(OPT)
I RADIO 5
L*^^* TO AUDIO AMPLIFIER (OPT)
FROM ALTERNATOR BUS
ANDINC IICHT (OPT)
CIRCUir BREAKER |PUSH-IO.HESET|
0^ FUSE -14- DIODE A/W"ESlSTOR
CAPACITOR INOISE FILTER!
TONAVIGATION LIGHTS AND
OPTIONALCONTROL WHEEL
MAP LIGHT
-TO TRANSMITTER RELAY|OPT|
TO IGNITION-STARTER SWITCH
to FLASHING BCACON [OPT)
TODOOR POST MAP LIGHT (OPT)
OPTIONAL /S\/_TO DOMEAND O
^siA"COURTESY LIGHTS
TO FUEL QUANTITY INDICATORS
O WING fLAP POSITION
INDICATOR
TOWING FLAP SVStEM
•-i(t^)i TO STROBE LIGHTS (OPt)
STROBE IT
•-•(l^^- to PITOT HEAT SYStEM(OPt|
PirOI HT
to TURN COORDINAtOR OR
lUBN OPtlONAL TURN ANDBANK
OORD INDICAtOR
Figure 2-3.
2-4

switch,when placed intheOFFposition, removes thealternatorfrom
theelectrical system. With thisswitchintheOFFposition,theentire
electricalloadis placed onthebattery.Continuedoperation with the
alternatorswitchOFF will reduce battery power low enough to open the
battery contactor, remove power fromthealternatorfield,andprevent
alternatorrestart.
AMMETER.
Theammeterindicatestheflowofcurrent,in amperes, fromthe
alternatortothebatteryorfromthebatterytotheaircraftelectrical
system. Whenthe engine isoperatingandthemasterswitchisON,
theammeterindicatesthechargingrateappliedtothebattery.Inthe
event thealternatorisnotfunctioningortheelectricalload exceeds the
outputofthealternator,theammeterindicatesthe discharge rateofthe
battery.
OVER-VOLTAGE SENSOR AND WARNING LIGHT.
Theaircraftis equipped with anautomatic over-voltage protection
system consistingofan over-voltage sensor behindtheinstrumentpanel
anda redwarning light, labeled HIGH VOLTAGE,undertheoiltempera-
ture and pressure gages.
In the event an over-voltage condition occurs, the over-voltage sen-
sorautomatically removes alternatorfieldcurrentandshutsdownthe
alternator.Theredwarning light will then turn on,indicatingtothe
pilot that thealternatorisnotoperatingandtheaircraftbatteryissupply-
ing allelectrical power.
The over-voltage sensor maybe reset by turning themasterswitch
offand back onagain.Ifthewarning light does notilluminate,normal
alternatorcharginghas resumed; however, ifthe light does illuminate
again,a malfunctionhas occurred, andthe flight shouldbeterminated
as soon aspractical.
The over-voltage warning light maybetestedbymomentarily turning
offtheALTportionofthemasterswitchandleavingtheBATportion
turned on.
CIRCUIT BREAKERS AND FUSES.
Themajorityofelectricalcircuitsintheairplaneareprotectedby
"push-to-reset" circuit breakers mountedontheinstrumentpanel.Ex-
2-5

ceptions tothisaretheoptional clock, flighthour recorder, andbattery
contactor closing (external power) circuitswhich have fuses mounted
adjacent tothebattery. Also, the cigar lighteris protected bya man-
ually reset typecircuit breaker mounteddirectlyonthe back ofthelighter
behindtheinstrumentpanel.
When more thanoneradioisinstalled,theradiotransmitterrelay
(whichisa partoftheradioinstallation)is protected bythenavigation
lightscircuit breaker labeled NAVLTS.Itisimportantto remember
that anymalfxmctioninthenavigationlights system which causes thecir-
cuit breaker to open will de-activate boththenavigationlightsandthe
transmitter relay.Inthis event, thenavigationlightswitchshouldbe
turnedoffto isolate thecircuit;then reset thecircuit breaker tore-
activatethetransmitterrelayandpermitits usage. Donot turn onthe
navigationlightsswitch until themalfunctionhas been corrected.
LIGHTING EQUIPMENT.
EXTERIOR LIGHTING.
Conventionalnavigationlightsare located onthewingtipsandtopof
therudder.Optionallighting includes a single landinglightinthe cowl
nose cap,a flashing beacon onthetopoftheverticalfin,a strobe light
on each wingtip,andtwo coiu-tesy lights,oneunder each wing,justout-
board ofthecabin door. The courtesy lightsarecontrolledbythe dome
light switch located onthe overhead console. Allotherexteriorlightsare
controlledby rocker type switches located ontheleftswitchandcontrol
panel.The switches areONintheuppositionandOFFinthe down po-
sition.
Theflashing beacon shouldnotbe used whenflyingthrough clouds or
overcast; theflashinglight reflected fromwater droplets orparticlesin
the atmosphere, particularlyatnight,can produce vertigoand loss of
orientation.
Thetwohighintensity strobe lights will enhance anti- collisionpro-
tection. However, thelightsshouldbeturnedoffwhentaxiinginthe
vicinity ofotheraircraft,orduringflightthrough clouds, fogor haze.
2-6