Cisco Nexus 3000 series User manual

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Cisco Nexus 3000 Series NX-OS Unicast
Routing Configuration Guide,
NX-OS Release 5.0(3)U1(1)
May 2011

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Cisco Nexus 3000 Series NX-OS Unicast Routing Configuration Guide, NX-OS Release 5.0(3)U1(1)
©2011 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

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iii
Cisco Nexus 3000 Series NX-OS Unicast Routing Configuration Guide, NX-OS Release 5.0(3)U1(1)
CONTENTS
Preface xix
Audience xix
Supported Switches xix
Cisco Nexus 3000 PlatformSwitches xix
Organization xx
Document Conventions xxi
Related Documentation xxii
Release Notes xxii
Configuration Guides xxii
Maintain and Operate Guides xxii
Installation and Upgrade Guides xxii
Licensing Guide xxii
Command References xxii
Technical References xxiii
Error and System Messages xxiii
Troubleshooting Guide xxiii
Obtaining Documentation and Submitting a Service Request xxiii
CHAPTER 1Overview 1-1
Information About Layer 3 Unicast Routing 1-1
Routing Fundamentals 1-2
Packet Switching 1-2
Routing Metrics 1-3
Path Length 1-4
Reliability 1-4
Routing Delay 1-4
Bandwidth 1-4
Load 1-4
Communication Cost 1-4
Router IDs 1-5
Autonomous Systems 1-5
Convergence 1-6
Load Balancing and Equal Cost Multipath 1-6
Route Redistribution 1-6

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Cisco Nexus3000 Series NX-OS Unicast Routing Configuration Guide, NX-OS Release 5.0(3)U1(1)
Administrative Distance 1-7
StubRouting 1-7
Routing Algorithms 1-8
Static Routes and Dynamic Routing Protocols 1-8
Interior and Exterior Gateway Protocols 1-8
Distance Vector Protocols 1-9
Link-State Protocols 1-9
Layer 3Virtualization 1-10
Cisco NX-OS Fowarding Architecture 1-10
Unicast RIB 1-10
Adjacency Manager 1-11
Unicast Forwarding Distribution Module 1-11
FIB 1-11
Hardware Forwarding 1-12
Software Forwarding 1-12
Summary of Layer 3 Unicast Routing Features 1-12
IPv4 1-13
IP Services 1-13
OSPF 1-13
EIGRP 1-13
BGP 1-13
RIP 1-13
Static Routing 1-13
Layer 3Virtualization 1-14
Route Policy Manager 1-14
First-Hop Redundancy Protocols 1-14
Object Tracking 1-14
Related Topics 1-14
IP
CHAPTER 2Configuring IPv4 2-1
Information About IPv4 2-1
Multiple IPv4 Addresses 2-2
Address ResolutionProtocol 2-2
ARP Caching 2-3
Static and Dynamic Entries in the ARP Cache 2-3
Devices that Do Not Use ARP 2-4
ReverseARP 2-4

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Cisco Nexus 3000 Series NX-OS Unicast Routing Configuration Guide, NX-OS Release 5.0(3)U1(1)
Proxy ARP 2-5
LocalProxy ARP 2-5
Gratuitous ARP 2-5
ICMP 2-5
Virtualization Support 2-6
Licensing Requirements for IPv4 2-6
Prerequisites for IPv4 2-6
Guidelines and Limitations 2-6
Default Settings 2-6
Configuring IPv4 2-7
Configuring IPv4 Addressing 2-7
Configuring Multiple IP Addresses 2-8
Configuring a Static ARP Entry 2-9
Configuring Proxy ARP 2-10
Configuring Local Proxy ARP 2-11
Configuring Gratuitous ARP 2-12
Configuring IP Directed Broadcasts 2-13
Verifying the IPv4 Configuration 2-14
Configuration Examples for IPv4 2-14
Additional References 2-14
Related Documents 2-15
Standards 2-15
Feature History for IP 2-15
Routing
CHAPTER 3Configuring OSPFv2 3-1
Information About OSPFv2 3-1
Hello Packet 3-2
Neighbors 3-2
Adjacency 3-3
Designated Routers 3-3
Areas 3-4
Link-State Advertisements 3-5
LSA Types 3-5
Link Cost 3-6
Flooding and LSA Group Pacing 3-6
Link-State Database 3-7

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Cisco Nexus3000 Series NX-OS Unicast Routing Configuration Guide, NX-OS Release 5.0(3)U1(1)
Opaque LSAs 3-7
OSPFv2 and the Unicast RIB 3-7
Authentication 3-7
Simple Password Authentication 3-8
MD5 Authentication 3-8
Advanced Features 3-8
StubArea 3-8
Not-So-Stubby Area 3-9
VirtualLinks 3-9
Route Redistribution 3-10
Route Summarization 3-10
OSPFv2 Stub RouterAdvertisements 3-11
Multiple OSPFv2 Instances 3-11
SPF Optimization 3-11
Virtualization Support 3-11
Licensing Requirements for OSPFv2 3-11
Prerequisites for OSPFv2 3-12
Guidelines and Limitations 3-12
Default Settings 3-12
Configuring Basic OSPFv2 3-13
Enabling the OSPFv2 Feature 3-13
Creating an OSPFv2 Instance 3-14
Configuring Optional Parameters on an OSPFv2 Instance 3-15
Configuring Networks in OSPFv2 3-16
Configuring Authentication for an Area 3-18
Configuring Authentication for an Interface 3-20
Configuring Advanced OSPFv2 3-22
Configuring Filter Lists for Border Routers 3-23
Configuring Stub Areas 3-24
Configuring a Totally Stubby Area 3-25
Configuring NSSA 3-26
Configuring Virtual Links 3-28
Configuring Redistribution 3-30
Limiting the Number of Redistributed Routes 3-32
Configuring Route Summarization 3-34
Configuring Stub Route Advertisements 3-35
Modifying the Default Timers 3-36
Restarting anOSPFv2 Instance 3-39
Configuring OSPFv2 with Virtualization 3-39

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Cisco Nexus 3000 Series NX-OS Unicast Routing Configuration Guide, NX-OS Release 5.0(3)U1(1)
Verifying the OSPFv2 Configuration 3-41
Displaying OSPFv2 Statistics 3-42
Configuration Examples for OSPFv2 3-42
Additional References 3-43
Related Documents 3-43
MIBs 3-43
Feature History for OSPFv2 3-43
CHAPTER 4Configuring EIGRP 4-1
Information About EIGRP 4-1
EIGRP Components 4-2
Reliable Transport Protocol 4-2
Neighbor Discovery and Recovery 4-2
Diffusing Update Algorithm 4-3
EIGRP Route Updates 4-3
InternalRoute Metrics 4-3
External Route Metrics 4-4
EIGRP and the Unicast RIB 4-4
Advanced EIGRP 4-4
Address Families 4-5
Authentication 4-5
StubRouters 4-5
Route Summarization 4-6
Route Redistribution 4-6
Load Balancing 4-6
Split Horizon 4-6
Virtualization Support 4-7
Licensing Requirements for EIGRP 4-7
Prerequisites for EIGRP 4-7
Guidelines and Limitations 4-7
Default Settings 4-8
Configuring Basic EIGRP 4-9
Enabling the EIGRP Feature 4-9
Creating an EIGRP Instance 4-10
Restarting an EIGRP Instance 4-12
Shutting Down an EIGRP Instance 4-13
Configuring a Passive Interface for EIGRP 4-13
Shutting Down EIGRP on an Interface 4-13

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Cisco Nexus3000 Series NX-OS Unicast Routing Configuration Guide, NX-OS Release 5.0(3)U1(1)
Configuring Advanced EIGRP 4-13
Configuring Authentication in EIGRP 4-14
Configuring EIGRP Stub Routing 4-16
Configuring a Summary Address for EIGRP 4-17
Redistributing Routes into EIGRP 4-17
Limiting the Number of Redistributed Routes 4-19
Configuring Load Balancing in EIGRP 4-21
Adjusting the Interval Between Hello Packets and the Hold Time 4-22
Disabling Split Horizon 4-23
Tuning EIGRP 4-23
Configuring Virtualization for EIGRP 4-25
Verifying the EIGRP Configuration 4-27
Displaying EIGRP Statistics 4-27
Configuration Examples for EIGRP 4-28
Related Topics 4-28
Additional References 4-28
Related Documents 4-29
MIBs 4-29
Feature History for EIGRP 4-29
CHAPTER 5Configuring Basic BGP 5-1
Information About Basic BGP 5-1
BGP Autonomous Systems 5-2
4-Byte AS Number Support 5-2
Administrative Distance 5-2
BGP Peers 5-3
BGP Sessions 5-3
Dynamic AS Numbers for Prefix Peers 5-3
BGP Router Identifier 5-4
BGP Path Selection 5-4
Step1—Comparing Pairs ofPaths 5-4
Step 2—Determining theOrderof Comparisons 5-6
Step 3—Determining the Best-Path Change Suppression 5-6
BGP and the Unicast RIB 5-7
BGP Virtualization 5-7
Licensing Requirements for Basic BGP 5-7
Prerequisites for BGP 5-7
Guidelines and Limitations for BGP 5-8

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Cisco Nexus 3000 Series NX-OS Unicast Routing Configuration Guide, NX-OS Release 5.0(3)U1(1)
CLI Configuration Modes 5-8
Global Configuration Mode 5-8
Address Family Configuration Mode 5-9
Neighbor Configuration Mode 5-9
Neighbor Address Family Configuration Mode 5-10
Default Settings 5-10
Configuring Basic BGP 5-10
Enabling the BGP Feature 5-11
Creating a BGP Instance 5-12
Restarting a BGP Instance 5-13
Shutting Down BGP 5-14
Configuring BGP Peers 5-14
Configuring Dynamic AS Numbers for Prefix Peers 5-16
Clearing BGP Information 5-18
Verifying the Basic BGP Configuration 5-21
Displaying BGP Statistics 5-23
Configuration Examples for BasicBGP 5-23
Related Topics 5-23
Where to Go Next 5-23
Additional References 5-23
Related Documents 5-24
MIBs 5-24
Feature History for BGP 5-24
CHAPTER 6Configuring Advanced BGP 6-1
Information About Advanced BGP 6-1
Peer Templates 6-2
Authentication 6-2
Route Policies and Resetting BGP Sessions 6-3
eBGP 6-3
iBGP 6-3
AS Confederations 6-4
Route Reflector 6-5
Capabilities Negotiation 6-5
Route Dampening 6-6
Load Sharing and Multipath 6-6
Route Aggregation 6-7
BGP Conditional Advertisement 6-7

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Cisco Nexus3000 Series NX-OS Unicast Routing Configuration Guide, NX-OS Release 5.0(3)U1(1)
BGP Next-HopAddress Tracking 6-7
Route Redistribution 6-8
Tuning BGP 6-8
BGP Timers 6-8
Tuning the Best-Path Algorithm 6-8
Multiprotocol BGP 6-9
Virtualization Support 6-9
Licensing Requirements for Advanced BGP 6-9
Prerequisites for BGP 6-9
Guidelines and Limitations for BGP 6-10
Default Settings 6-10
Configuring Advanced BGP 6-10
Configuring BGP Session Templates 6-11
Configuring BGP Peer-Policy Templates 6-13
Configuring BGP Peer Templates 6-16
Configuring Prefix Peering 6-18
Configuring BGP Authentication 6-19
Resetting a BGP Session 6-20
Modifying the Next-Hop Address 6-20
Configuring BGP Next-Hop Address Tracking 6-21
Configuring Next-Hop Filtering 6-21
Disabling Capabilities Negotiation 6-21
Configuring eBGP 6-22
Disabling eBGP Single-Hop Checking 6-22
Configuring eBGP Multihop 6-22
Disabling a Fast External Failover 6-23
Limiting the AS-path Attribute 6-23
Configuring AS Confederations 6-23
Configuring Route Reflector 6-24
Configuring Route Dampening 6-26
Configuring Load Sharing and ECMP 6-26
Configuring Maximum Prefixes 6-27
Configuring Dynamic Capability 6-27
Configuring Aggregate Addresses 6-28
Configuring BGP Conditional Advertisement 6-28
Configuring Route Redistribution 6-30
Configuring Multiprotocol BGP 6-32
Tuning BGP 6-33
Configuring Virtualization 6-36

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Cisco Nexus 3000 Series NX-OS Unicast Routing Configuration Guide, NX-OS Release 5.0(3)U1(1)
Verifying the Advanced BGP Configuration 6-38
Displaying BGP Statistics 6-39
Related Topics 6-39
Additional References 6-40
Related Documents 6-40
MIBs 6-40
Feature History for BGP 6-40
CHAPTER 7Configuring RIP 7-1
Information About RIP 7-1
RIP Overview 7-2
RIPv2Authentication 7-2
Split Horizon 7-2
Route Filtering 7-3
Route Summarization 7-3
Route Redistribution 7-3
Load Balancing 7-3
Virtualization Support 7-4
Licensing Requirements for RIP 7-4
Prerequisites for RIP 7-4
Guidelines and Limitations 7-4
Default Settings 7-4
Configuring RIP 7-5
Enabling the RIP Feature 7-5
Creating a RIP Instance 7-6
Restartinga RIP Instance 7-8
Configuring RIP on an Interface 7-8
Configuring RIP Authentication 7-9
Configuring a Passive Interface 7-11
Configuring Split Horizon with Poison Reverse 7-11
Configuring Route Summarization 7-11
Configuring Route Redistribution 7-12
Configuring Virtualization 7-13
Tuning RIP 7-16
Verifying the RIP Configuration 7-17
Displaying RIP Statistics 7-17
Configuration Examples for RIP 7-18
Related Topics 7-18

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Cisco Nexus3000 Series NX-OS Unicast Routing Configuration Guide, NX-OS Release 5.0(3)U1(1)
Additional References 7-18
Related Documents 7-19
Standards 7-19
Feature History for RIP 7-19
CHAPTER 8Configuring Static Routing 8-1
Information About Static Routing 8-1
Administrative Distance 8-2
Directly Connected Static Routes 8-2
Fully Specified Static Routes 8-2
Floating Static Routes 8-2
Remote Next Hops for Static Routes 8-3
Virtualization Support 8-3
Licensing Requirements for Static Routing 8-3
Prerequisites for Static Routing 8-3
Guidelines and Limitations 8-3
Default Settings 8-3
Configuring Static Routing 8-4
Configuring a Static Route 8-4
Configuring Virtualization 8-5
Verifying the Static Routing Configuration 8-6
Configuration Examples for Static Routing 8-6
Additional References 8-6
Related Documents 8-7
Feature History for Static Routing 8-7
CHAPTER 9Configuring Layer 3 Virtualization 9-1
Layer 3Virtualization 9-1
Overview of Layer 3 Virtualization 9-1
VRF and Routing 9-2
VRF-Lite 9-2
VRF-Aware Services 9-3
Reachability 9-3
Filtering 9-4
Combining Reachability and Filtering 9-4
Licensing Requirements for VRFs 9-5
Guidelines and Limitations 9-5
Default Settings 9-6

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Cisco Nexus 3000 Series NX-OS Unicast Routing Configuration Guide, NX-OS Release 5.0(3)U1(1)
Configuring VRFs 9-6
Creating a VRF 9-6
Assigning VRF Membership to an Interface 9-7
Configuring VRF Parameters for a Routing Protocol 9-9
Configuring a VRF-Aware Service 9-10
Setting the VRF Scope 9-12
Verifying the VRF Configuration 9-12
Configuration Examples for VRF 9-12
Related Topics 9-13
Additional References 9-13
Related Documents 9-14
Standards 9-14
Feature History for VRF 9-14
CHAPTER 10 Managing the Unicast RIB and FIB 10-1
Information About the Unicast RIB and FIB 10-1
Layer 3Consistency Checker 10-2
FIB Tables 10-2
Virtualization Support 10-2
Licensing Requirements for the Unicast RIB and FIB 10-3
Managing the Unicast RIB and FIB 10-3
Displaying Module FIB Information 10-3
Configuring Load Sharing in the Unicast FIB 10-4
Configuring Per-Packet Load Sharing 10-5
Displaying Routing and Adjacency Information 10-6
Triggering the Layer 3 Consistency Checker 10-7
Clearing Forwarding Information in the FIB 10-8
Estimating Memory Requirements for Routes 10-9
Clearing Routes in the Unicast RIB 10-9
Verifying the Unicast RIB and FIB Configuration 10-10
Additional References 10-10
Related Documents 10-10
Feature History for Unicast RIB and FIB 10-10
CHAPTER 11 Configuring Route PolicyManager 11-1
Information About Route Policy Manager 11-1
Prefix Lists 11-2
MAC Lists 11-2

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Cisco Nexus3000 Series NX-OS Unicast Routing Configuration Guide, NX-OS Release 5.0(3)U1(1)
Route Maps 11-2
Match Criteria 11-3
Set Changes 11-3
Access Lists 11-3
AS Numbers forBGP 11-3
AS-path Lists for BGP 11-4
Community Lists for BGP 11-4
Extended Community Lists for BGP 11-4
Route Redistribution and Route Maps 11-5
Licensing Requirements for Route Policy Manager 11-5
Guidelines and Limitations 11-5
Default Settings 11-5
Configuring Route Policy Manager 11-6
Configuring IP Prefix Lists 11-6
Configuring MAC Lists 11-7
Configuring AS-path Lists 11-8
Configuring Community Lists 11-9
Configuring Extended Community Lists 11-11
Configuring Route Maps 11-12
Verifying the Route Policy Manager Configuration 11-17
Configuration Examples for Route Policy Manager 11-17
Related Topics 11-18
Additional References 11-18
Related Documents 11-18
Standards 11-18
Feature History for Route Policy Manager 11-18
First-Hop Redundancy Protocols
CHAPTER 12 Configuring HSRP 12-1
Information About HSRP 12-1
HSRP Overview 12-2
HSRPfor IPv4 12-3
HSRPVersions 12-4
HSRPAuthentication 12-4
HSRPMessages 12-4
HSRPLoad Sharing 12-4
Object Tracking and HSRP 12-5

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Cisco Nexus 3000 Series NX-OS Unicast Routing Configuration Guide, NX-OS Release 5.0(3)U1(1)
Virtualization Support 12-5
Licensing Requirements for HSRP 12-6
Prerequisites for HSRP 12-6
Guidelines and Limitations 12-6
Default Settings 12-6
Configuring HSRP 12-7
Enabling the HSRP Feature 12-7
Configuring the HSRP Version 12-8
Configuring an HSRP Group for IPv4 12-8
Configuring the HSRP Virtual MAC Address 12-10
Authenticating HSRP 12-10
Configuring HSRP Object Tracking 12-12
Configuring the HSRP Priority 12-14
Customizing HSRP 12-14
Verifying the HSRP Configuration 12-16
Configuration Examples for HSRP 12-16
Additional References 12-16
Related Documents 12-17
MIBs 12-17
Feature History for HSRP 12-17
CHAPTER 13 Configuring VRRP 13-1
Information About VRRP 13-1
VRRP Operation 13-2
VRRP Benefits 13-3
Multiple VRRP Groups 13-3
VRRP RouterPriority and Preemption 13-4
VRRP Advertisements 13-5
VRRP Authentication 13-5
VRRP Tracking 13-5
Virtualization Support 13-5
Licensing Requirements for VRRP 13-6
Guidelines and Limitations 13-6
Default Settings 13-6
Configuring VRRP 13-7
Enabling the VRRP Feature 13-7
Configuring VRRP Groups 13-8
Configuring VRRP Priority 13-9

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Cisco Nexus3000 Series NX-OS Unicast Routing Configuration Guide, NX-OS Release 5.0(3)U1(1)
Configuring VRRP Authentication 13-11
Configuring Time Intervals for Advertisement Packets 13-12
Disabling Preemption 13-14
Configuring VRRP Interface State Tracking 13-15
Verifying the VRRP Configuration 13-17
Displaying VRRP Statistics 13-17
Configuration Examples for VRRP 13-18
Additional References 13-19
Related Documents 13-19
Feature History for VRRP 13-19
CHAPTER 14 Configuring Object Tracking 14-1
Information About Object Tracking 14-1
Object Tracking Overview 14-1
Object Track List 14-2
Virtualization Support 14-2
Licensing Requirements for Object Tracking 14-3
Guidelines and Limitations 14-3
Default Settings 14-3
Configuring Object Tracking 14-3
Configuring Object Tracking for an Interface 14-4
Configuring Object Tracking for Route Reachability 14-5
Configuring an Object Track List with a Boolean Expression 14-6
Configuring an Object Track List with a Percentage Threshold 14-7
Configuring an Object Track List with a Weight Threshold 14-8
Configuring an Object Tracking Delay 14-10
Configuring Object Tracking for a Nondefault VRF 14-12
Verifying the Object Tracking Configuration 14-13
Configuration Examples for Object Tracking 14-13
Related Topics 14-13
Additional References 14-13
Related Documents 14-14
Standards 14-14
Feature History for Object Tracking 14-14
APPENDIX AIETF RFCs A-1
BGP RFCs A-1
First-Hop Redundancy Protocols RFCs A-2

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Cisco Nexus 3000 Series NX-OS Unicast Routing Configuration Guide, NX-OS Release 5.0(3)U1(1)
IP Services RFCs A-2
OSPF RFCs A-2
RIPRFCs A-2
G LOSSARY
I NDEX

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Cisco Nexus3000 Series NX-OS Unicast Routing Configuration Guide, NX-OS Release 5.0(3)U1(1)

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xix
Cisco Nexus 3000 Series NX-OS Unicast Routing Configuration Guide, NX-OS Release 5.0(3)U1(1)
Preface
This document describes the configuration details for Cisco NX-OS unicast routing in Cisco Nexus 3000
Series switches.
This chapter includes the following sections:
•Audience, page xix
•Supported Switches, page xix
•Organization, page xx
•Document Conventions, page xxi
•Related Documentation, page xxii
•Obtaining Documentation and Submitting a Service Request, page xxiii
Audience
To use this guide, you must be familiar with IP and routing technology.
Supported Switches
This section includes the following topics:
•Cisco Nexus 3000 Platform Switches, page xix
Cisco Nexus 3000 Platform Switches
Table 1 describes the Cisco Nexus 3000 Series switch:
Note For more information on these switches, see the Cisco Nexus 3000 Series Hardware Installation Guide
available at the following URL:
http://www.cisco.com/en/US/products/ps9670/tsd_products_support_series_home.html

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Cisco Nexus3000 Series NX-OS Unicast Routing Configuration Guide, NX-OS Release 5.0(3)U1(1)
Preface
Organization
This document is organized into the following chapters:
Table 1 Supported Cisco Nexus 3000 Platform Switches
Switch Description
Cisco Nexus 3064PQ Switch The Cisco Nexus 3064UP switch is a high-performance,
high-density, ultra-low-latency Ethernet switch that is part of the
new Cisco Nexus 3000 Series Switches. This compact one-rack-unit
(1RU) form factor 1 and 10 Gigabit Ethernet switch provides
line-rate Layer 2 and 3 switching. The switch runs the
industry-leading Cisco NX-OS Software operating system,
providing customers with robust features and functionality that are
widely deployed globally. The Cisco Nexus 3064UP is well suited
for financial co-location deployments that require support for robust
unicast and multicast routing protocol features at ultra-low
latencies.
Title Description
Chapter 1, “Overview” Presents an overview of unicast routing and brief
descriptions of each feature.
Chapter 2, “Configuring IPv4” Describes how to configure and manage IPv4, including
ARP and ICMP.
Chapter 3, “Configuring OSPFv2” Describes how to configure the OSPFv2 routing protocol
for IPv4 networks.
Chapter 4, “Configuring EIGRP” Describes how to configure the Cisco EIGRP routing
protocol for IPv4 networks.
Chapter 5, “Configuring Basic BGP” Describes how to configure basic features for the BGP
routing protocol for IPv4 networks.
Chapter 6, “Configuring Advanced BGP” Describes how to configure advanced features for the
BGP routing protocol for IPv4 networks, including route
redistribution and route aggregation.
Chapter 7, “Configuring RIP” Describes how to configure the RIP routing protocols for
IPv4 networks.
Chapter 8, “Configuring Static Routing” Describes how to configure static routing for IPv4
networks.
Chapter 9, “Configuring Layer 3
Virtualization”
Describes how to configure Layer 3 virtualization.
Chapter 10, “Managing the Unicast RIB
and FIB”
Describes how to view and modify the unicast RIB and
FIB.
Chapter 11, “Configuring Route Policy
Manager”
Describes how to configure the Route Policy Manager,
including IP prefix lists and route maps for filtering and
redistribution.
Chapter 12, “Configuring HSRP” Describes how to configure the Hot Standby Routing
Protocol.