Commodore 128 User manual

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COMMODORE 128
H PROGRAMMER'S
REFERENCE GUIDE
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Bantam Computer Books
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COMMODORE 128
PROGRAMMER'S
REFERENCE GUIDE
COMMODORE BUSINESS MACHINES, INC.
BANTAM BOOKS
TORONTO • NEW YORK • LONDON • SYDNEY • AUCKLAND

LJ
COMMODORE 128 PROGRAMMER'S REFERENCE GUIDE
A Bantam Book I February 1986
Commodore 64 and Commodore 128 are registered trademarks of Commodore
Electronics. Ltd.
CPIM and CPIM Plus Version 3.0 are registered trademarks of Digital Research
Inc.
Perfect is a registered trademark of Perfect Software.
TouchTone is a registered trademark of AT&T.
WordStar is a registered trademark of MicroPro International Corporation.
Grateful acknowledgment is made for permission to reprint two bars of Invention
13 (Inventio 13) by Johann Sebastian Bach. Sheet music copyright © C. F. Peters,
Corp., New York.
Book design by Ann Gold.
Cover design by Jo Ellen Temple.
All rights reserved.
Copyright © 1986 by Commodore Capital, Inc.
This book may not be reproduced in whole or in part, by
mimeograph or any other means, without permission.
For information address: Bantam Books, Inc.
ISBN 0-553-34292-4
Published simultaneously in the United States and Canada
Bantam Books are published by Bantam Books, Inc. Its trademark, consisting of
the words "Bantam Books" and the portrayal of a rooster, is Registered in U.S.
Patent and Trademark Office and in other countries. Marca Registrada. Bantam
Books, Inc., 666 Fifth Avenue, New York, New York 10103.
PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
HL 098765432
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CONTENTS
Chapter 1
r-» Introduction 1
! )
' ' Chapter 2
BASIC Building Blocks and BASIC 7.0 Encyclopedia 11
R
! ! Chapter 3
One Step Beyond Simple BASIC 91
I I Chapter 4
Commodore 128 Graphics Programming 109
j j Chapter 5
1 ' Machine Language on the Commodore 128 123
p Chapter 6
) How to Enter Machine Language Programs Into the
Commodore 128 181
j j Chapter 7
Mixing Machine Language and BASIC 197
jTj Chapter 8
f i The Power Behind Commodore 128 Graphics 207
n Chapter 9
f [ Sprites 265
n Chapter 10
j Programming the 80-Column (8563) Chip 291
Chapter 11
p Sound and Music on the Commodore 128 335
Chapter 12
n Input/Output Guide 371

Chapter 13
The Commodore 128 Operating System 401
Chapter 14
CP/M 3.0 on the Commodore 128 477
Chapter 15
The Commodore 128 and Commodore 64 Memory Maps 501
Chapter 16
C128 Hardware Specifications 555
Appendixes 643
Glossary 731
Index 739
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H ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
Written by Larry Greenley
n and
! Fred Bowen
■ ! BilHerd
Dave Haynie
P Terry Ryan
I Von Ertwine
Kim Eckert
r-i Mario Eisenbacher
• | Norman McVey
The authors are deeply indebted to the many people who have contributed to the
!) preparation of this book. Special thanks go to Jim Gracely of Commodore Publications,
1 l who reviewed the entire manuscript for technical accuracy and provided important
corrections, clarifications, and user-oriented suggestions, and to Steve Beats and Dave
H Middleton of Commodore Software Engineering for their programming assistance and
! | expertise.
f—i We also want to recognize the contributions of Frank Palaia of Commodore Hardware
f j Design, who provided expertise in the operation of the Z80 hardware, and of Dave
DiOrio of Commodore Integrated Circuit Design, who provided insight into the design
of the Memory Management Unit and the C128 VIC chip enhancements.
[ \ For their extensive technical reviews of the manuscript, we wish to thank Bob Albright,
Pete Bowman, Steve Lam and Tony Porrazza of Commodore Engineering. We also
j-j thank Dan Baker, Dave Street and Carolyn Scheppner of Commodore Software Techni-
z j cal Support for providing an always available source of technical assistance. In addition,
we want to acknowledge the valuable contributions of members of Commodore Soft-
^ ware Quality Assurance, especially Mike Colligon, Karen Mackenzie, Pat McAllister,
j \ Greg Rapp, Dave Resavy, and Stacy English.
1 \
We also thank Carol Sullivan and Donald Bein for carefully proofreading various
rj sections of the text, Michelle Dreisbach for typing the manuscript, Marion Dooley for
I \ preparing the art, Jo-Ellen Temple for the cover design, and Nancy Zwack for overall
coordination assistance.
Finally, we would like to acknowledge the unflagging support and guidance provided by
senior Commodore executives Paul Goheen, Harry McCabe and Bob Kenney.

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