Commodore 8000 Series User manual

Commodore
Business Computer
User's Guide
Series 8000
(=: commodore

Commodore
Business Computer
User's Guide
Appropriate for use with:
• Series 8000, 16K or 32K
Part Number 320894
-----
~ commodore
©1980 Commodore Business Machines, Inc.

PREFACE
Suitable for use with BASIC Version 4.0
and
Models 2040, 3040, 4040
Dual Drive Floppy Disk Drives,
• DOS Version 1
•DOS Version 2
Suitable for use with BASIC Version
4.0
and
the Model 8050 Dual Drive Floppy Disk.
• DOS Version 2.5
•
iii

Chapter 1
Chapter 2
Chapter 3
Chapter 4
Chapter 5
Table of Contents
Introduction. ............................................ .. 1
The Commodore Business System. ............................ .. 5
Preparing The CBM For Use ............................. .. 9
Turning The Computer On .............................. .. 9
Care Of Your CBM 10
Exploring the Keyboard .................................... .. 11
Character Reverse Key 13
RUN/STOP Key 13
Cursor Control Keys. .................................. .. 14
Cursor Control Modes 16
Taking Command ......................................... .. 17
Run Command 18
List Command 19
New Command 19
Save and Dsave Command 20
Verify
Command. ..................................... .. 20
Load and Dload Command .............................. .. 20
Peripherals 21
IEEE488 Interface 21
Parallel User Port 23
Memory Expansion Port 23
Commodore's Dual Drive Floppy Disk ..................... .. 23
Disk Commands .............................. .. 25
Formatting
Your Disk 25
Header Command ......................... .. 25
Directory
Command ....................... .. 26
Initializing
Your Disk .......................... .. 27
2040
Disk Drive 27
8050 Disk Drive 28
v

vi
Chapter 6
Using
the Disk Commands. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 28
:Dsave "fn", Dx . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Verify "dr:fn", 829
Verify "*",8 , 29
Dload "fn ", Dx 30
Dload
"*" 30
Quick Load
For Program Files 31
Relative Files. ................................ .. 31
Creating ARandom File 34
Accessing ARandom
File. ...................... .. 34
User's Quick Reference: Commands 34
Cassette Tape Interface 36
Tape
Commands. ............................. .. 37
Save
"fn" ............................... .. 37
Save
"fn", 2 ............................. .. 38
Verify "fn" 38
Load
"fn" ............................... .. 39
Load
"fn", 241
Commodore Printer 41
Special Printer Associated Commands. .............
.. 43
Open 43
CMD 43
Print# and close .. .......................... 44
Error Messages. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 47
Errors Encountered While Trying To Load AProgram 48
Device not Present 48
Load and Status Errors. ........................ .. 48
Read Error . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
File not Found ................................. 49
DOS Mismatch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. .. . . . . . . . . . . .. 49
Disk ill Mismatch. . . . . . . . . .. .. .. . . .. . . . . . . . . 49
Device Not Ready 49
Errors Encountered While Trying
to Run AProgram 49
Syntax Error 49
Input Error 50
Redo from
Start 50
Device Not Ready 51
Errors Encountered While Trying
To Save AProgram 51
Verify Error 51
File Exists 52
Write Project On ..............................
.. 52
Device Not Ready 52
User's Quick Reference: Error Messages 52

List of Illustrations
Figure Title
1The Commodore Business System. ..................................
.. 5
2The Series 8000 Computer ........................................
.. 7
3Rear View
of Series 8000 Computer. . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 8
4The Series 8000 Keyboard ...................
.. 11
5Series 8000 Character Display. ..................................... .. 11
6IEEE Peripheral Device Contact Points. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 22
7IEEE Interface Cables. ........................................... .. 22
8Model 2040 Dual Drive Floppy Disk. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 24
9Model 2040 Dual Drive Floppy Disk, Rear View 24
10 Model
C2N Tape Cassette 36
11 Commodore Model 2022 Printer 42
12 Commodore Model 2023 Printer. ................................... .. 42
List of Tables
Table Title
1Suggested Reading List ........................................... .. 2
2Function Keys 12
3User's Quick Reference: Commands 35
4User's Quick Reference: Error Messages 53
vii

Chapter 1
INTRODUCTION
Congratulations on selecting the Commodore Series 8000 Computer. You will find that
your computer is aflexible and easy·to-use tool-quite suitable for whatever applications
you have in mind.
Commodore is the leading innovator and advocate in bringing personal computers into the
business office--delivering both professional capability and results. Your computer has been
thoroughly tested and certified
by Commodore prior to leaving the factory. You will find
that your computer can be immediately on-line and ready to go to work.
This guide discusses the computer's features in an easy-to-understand non-technical manner.
This approach will enable you to become familiar with your computer's basic capabilities
without being intimidated
by technical sounding jargon.
This guide is comprised
of the following chapters:
• INTRODUCTION
• THE COMMODORE BUSINESS SYSTEM
•EXPWRING THE KEYBOARD
• TAKING COMMAND
•PERIPHERALS
•ERROR
MESSAGES
The information presented in these chapters will allow you to:
•unpack and install the computer,
•attach computer peripherals,
•use commercially prepared software, and
•recognize and correct error conditions.
Commodore makes no assumptions as
to the user's expertise, but does recommend the
SUGGESTED READING LIST, Table 1, which, should the user wish to pursue it, can pro-
vide detailed programming and technical information. Additionally, your Commodore
dealer can assist you in expanding
your knowledge and understanding, thereby enhancing
your proficiency.
1

2
The best teaching device for learning how the computer works and what it can do is the
computer itself. In some cases you will be instructed to use the computer in conjunction
with specified procedures in addition to reading what to do. Every effort has been made to
provide sufficient documentation to allow you to get started. Essentially, then, the rest is
up to you. By constructing similar, and then progressively more sophisticated procedures
and examples on your own, any questions which might arise will in all probability be
answered
by the machine itself.
The Series 8000 is a complete computer and its potential is virtually limitless. Information
is entered via the keyboard and displayed on the CRT. The computer is programmable
using alanguage called Beginners All·purpose Symbolic Instruction Code (BASIC). BASIC
is an English·like computer language designed to permit you and the computer to under·
stand and communicate with each other in afriendly and non-threatening way.
At
the heart of your computer is amicroprocessor. The microprocessor totally controls the
operation of the CRT, keyboard and assorted peripherals. Compatible Commodore peri-
pherals include:
•Model
2040 Dual Floppy Disk Drive
•Model
8050 Dual Floppy Disk Drive
•Model
2022 or 2023 CBM Printer
•Model C2N Cassette Recorder
Table
1. Suggested Reading List
Entering Basic
J. Sack and J. Meadows, Science Research Associates, 1973
BASIC: A Computer Programming Language
C. Pegels, Holden·Day, Inc., 1973
BASIC Programming
J. Kemeny and T. Kurtz, Peoples Computer Co., 1967
1010 Doyle (P.O. Box 3100), Menlo Park, CA 94025
BASIC
Albrecht, Finkle, and Brown
Peoples Computer Co" 1973,
1010 Doyle (P.O. Box 3100), Menlo Park, CA 94025
AGuided Tour of Computer Programming in BASIC
T. Dwyer, Houghton-Miflin Co., 1973
Programming aTime Shared Computer in BASIC
E. H.
Barnett, Wiley-Interscience
LIC 72·175789
Programming Language #2
Digital Equipment Corp., Maynard, MA 01754
101 BASIC Computer Games
Software Distribution Center,Digital
Equipment Corp., Maynard, MA 01754
What to Do After You Hit Return
Peoples Computer Co., 1010 Doyle (P.O. Box 3100), Menlo Park, CA 94025

Table 1. Suggested Reading List (cont.)
Basic BASIC
J. S. Coan, Hayden Book Co., Rochelle Park, NJ
Workbooks 1-5
T.I.S., (P.O. Box 921), Los Alamos, NM
BASIC With Style
Hayden Book Co., Rochelle Park, NJ
Progranuning Proverbs
Hayden Book Co., Rochelle Park, NJ
PET and the IEEE Bus (GPIB)
Osborne/McGraw-Hill, 630 Bancroft Way, Berkeley, CA 94710
NOTES
3

Chapter2
THE COMMODORE
BUSINESS SYSTEM
Your computer is the brain of the Commodore business system, and, in conjunction with
the peripherals is designed to:
•Store information
•Find stored information
•Update stored information
•Calculate
•Manipulate information
•Print information
Your computer is constructed in such away that it cannot be damaged via the keyboard.
The operating system
cannot be destroyed because the computer software, or operating
instructions, are contained in afixed memory called aRead-Only-Memory (ROM). This
feature allows
the user to use the computer with impunity.
Just what is the Commodore business system? See Figure 1. The system consists of the
following components:
• Computer
•Storage Device
•Printer
•Software
•
Data file
COMMODORE
PRINTER
OR SUITABLY
INTERFACED
ASCII PRINTER
COMMODORE
COMPUTER
,,"
CASSETTE
Figure 1 - The Commodore Business System 5