Endress+Hauser SS1000 User manual

Products Solutions Services
BA02186C/66/EN/01.21
70193628
Valid as of version
HC12 v2.51
(Device firmware)
Operating Instruction
SS1000 TDLAS Gas Analyzer
Non-hazardous (certified) locations
General Purpose

Endress+Hauser i
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1: Introduction
Who Should Read This Manual. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1
How to Use This Manual. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1
Standard Documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1
General Warnings and Cautions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2
Equipment labels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2
Instructional symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3
Conventions Used in this Manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3
About the Gas Analyzers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4
How the Analyzers Work. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4
Wavelength Modulation Spectroscopy (WMS) signal detection . . . . . . . . . 1-7
Getting to Know the Analyzer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-8
Lifting/carrying the analyzer. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-9
2: Safety
Potential Risks Affecting Personnel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1
Mitigating risks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1
Explosion hazard. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2
3: Installation
What Should be Included in the Shipping Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1
Inspecting the Analyzer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1
Hardware and Tools for Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1
Hardware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1
Tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2
Setting up the Analyzer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2
Connecting the Gas Lines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2
Conditioning the Tubing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4
Connecting Electrical Power to the Analyzer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-5
Connecting the Output Signals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-5
Appendix A: Specifications
Spare Parts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-6
Appendix B: Maintenance and Troubleshooting
Removing the Cover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-1
Gas Leaks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-2
Contamination. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-2
Mirror Cleaning or Replacement. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-3
Excessive Sampling Gas Temperatures and Pressures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-7
Membrane Separator Filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-8
Electrical Noise . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-9
Checking the Fuses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-9
Instrument Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-9
Service. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-13
Service repair order (SRO) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-13
Renewity returns. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-13
Before contacting Service. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-13
Packing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-14
Storage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-15
Disclaimers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-15
Warranty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-15

SS1000 TDLAS Analyzer BA02186C
ii Endress+Hauser
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Endress+Hauser 1–1
1 - INTRODUCTION
Endress+Hauser’s SS1000 product is a high-speed, diode-laser based
extractive analyzer designed for extremely reliable monitoring of very low
(trace) to standard concentrations of specific components in various
background gases. In order to ensure that the analyzer performs as specified,
it is important to closely review the installation and operation sections of this
manual.
To operate the analyzer through firmware programming, please consult the
Description of Device Parameters for instruction.
Who Should Read This Manual
This manual should be read and referenced by anyone installing, operating or
having direct contact with the analyzer.
How to Use This Manual
Take a moment to familiarize yourself with this manual by reading the Table
of Contents.
This manual has been written to address the most common options and
accessories. Images, tables and charts have been included to provide a visual
understanding of the analyzer and its functions. Special symbols are also used
to provide the user with key information regarding the system configuration
and/or operation. Pay close attention to this information.
Standard Documentation
All documentation is available on the Endress+Hauser’s website:
www.endress.com.
This document is an integral part of the complete document package, which
also includes:
Part
Number Document Type Description
TI01643C Technical Informa-
tion
Planning aid for your device.
The document contains all the
technical data on the analyzer.
GP01181C Description of Device
Parameters
Provides the user with an overview
of the HC12 v2.51 firmware func-
tionality.

SS1000 TDLAS Analyzer BA02186C
1–2 Endress+Hauser
General Warnings and Cautions
Instructional icons are provided in this manual and various safety labels are
adhered to the analyzer to alert the user of potential hazards, important
information and valuable tips. Following are the symbols and associated
warning and caution labels to observe when servicing the analyzer. Some of
these symbols are provided for instructional purposes only and are not labeled
on the system.
Equipment labels
Warning statement for hazardous voltage. Contact may cause
electric shock or burn. Turn off and lock out system before
servicing.
Failure to follow all directions may result in damage or
malfunction of the analyzer.
Maximum voltage and current specifications for the fuse closest
to label.
PROTECTIVE EARTH GROUND - Symbol indicates the
connection point of the ground wire from the main power source.
FUNCTIONAL EARTH GROUND - Symbol indicates grounding
points intended primarily for troubleshooting.
INVISIBLE LASER RADIATION - Avoid
exposure to beam. Class 3b Radiation Product.
Refer servicing to the manufacturer or qualified
personnel.
WARNING
CLASS 3B INVISIBLE LASER
RADIATION WHEN OPEN
AVOID EXPOSURE TO THE BEAM

BA02186C SS1000 TDLAS Analyzer
Endress+Hauser 1–3
Instructional symbols
Conventions Used in this Manual
In addition to the symbols and instructional information, this manual is created
with “hot links” to enable the user to quickly navigate between different
sections within the manual. These links include table, figure and section
references and are identified by a pointing finger cursor when rolling over
the text. Simply click on the link to navigate to the associated reference.
Removing label from measurement cell optical
head will void analyzer warranty.
General notes and important information concerning the
installation and operation of the analyzer.
Failure to follow all directions may result in fire.
INVISIBLE LASER RADIATION - Avoid exposure to beam.
Class 3b Radiation Product. Refer servicing to the manufacturer-
qualified personnel.
Failure to follow all directions may result in damage or
malfunction of the analyzer.
Maximum voltage and current specifications for fuses.

SS1000 TDLAS Analyzer BA02186C
1–4 Endress+Hauser
About the Gas Analyzers
The SS1000 includes tunable diode laser (TDL) operating in the near- to short-
wavelength infrared. Each compact sensor consists of a TDL light source,
sample cell and detector specifically configured to enable high sensitivity
measurement of a particular component within the presences of other gas
phase constituents in the stream. The sensor is controlled by microprocessor-
based electronics with embedded software that incorporates advanced
operational and data processing algorithms.
How the Analyzers Work
The SS1000 employs SpectraSensors’ tunable diode laser absorption
spectroscopy (TDLAS) to detect the presence of trace substances in process
gases. Absorption spectroscopy is a widely used technique for sensitive trace
species detection. Because the measurement is made in the volume of the gas,
the response is much faster, more accurate and significantly more reliable than
traditional surface-based sensors that are subject to surface contamination.
In its simplest form, a diode laser absorption spectrometer typically consists of
a sample cell with a mirror at one end, and a mirror or window at the opposite
end, through which the laser beam can pass. Refer to Figure 1-1. The laser
beam enters the cell and reflects off the mirror(s) making one or more trips
through the sample gas and eventually exiting the cell where the remaining
beam intensity is measured by a detector. With the SS1000, sample gas flows
continuously through the sample cell ensuring that the sample is always
representative of the flow in the main pipe.

BA02186C SS1000 TDLAS Analyzer
Endress+Hauser 1–5
Figure 1–1 Schematic of a typical laser diode absorption
spectrometer (0.8 m measurement cell)
Due to their inherent structure, the molecules in the sample gas each have
characteristic natural frequencies (or resonances). When the output of the
laser is tuned to one of those natural frequencies, the molecules with that
particular resonance will absorb energy from the incident beam. That is, as the
beam of incident intensity, I0(), passes through the sample, attenuation occurs
via absorption by the trace gas with absorption cross section (). According
to the Beer-Lambert absorption law, the intensity remaining, I(), as measured
by the detector at the end of the beam path of length / (cell length x number
of passes), is given by
, (1)
where N represents the species concentration. Thus, the ratio of the absorption
measured when the laser is tuned on-resonance versus off-resonance is
directly proportional to the number of molecules of that particular species in
the beam path, or
. (2)
1 TEC 5 Detector
2 Laser 6 Window
3 Inlet 7 Pressure sensor
4 Optical head 8 Outlet
9 Far mirror
4
5
6
8
9
1
2
3
7
I  I0 exp   lN– =
N1–
  l
-------------- I 
I0 
-------------
ln=

SS1000 TDLAS Analyzer BA02186C
1–6 Endress+Hauser
Figure 1–2 shows the typical raw data (in arbitrary units [a.u.]) from a laser
absorption spectrometer scan including the incident laser intensity, I0(), and
the transmitted intensity, I(), for a clean system and one with contaminated
mirrors (shown to illustrate the system’s relative intensity to mirror
contamination). The positive slope of raw data results from ramping the current
to tune the laser, which not only increases the wavelength with current, but
also causes the corresponding output power to increase. By normalizing the
signal by the incident intensity, any laser output fluctuations are canceled, and
a typical, yet more pronounced, absorption profile results. Refer to Figure 1–3.
Note that contamination of the mirrors results solely in lower overall signal.
However, by tuning the laser off-resonance as well as on-resonance and
normalizing the data, the technique self calibrates every scan resulting in
measurements that are unaffected by mirror contamination.
Figure 1–2 Typical raw signal from a laser diode absorption
spectrometer with and without mirror contamination
1 Incident energy, I0()4 Signal (a.u.)
2 Raw signal, I()5 Wavelength (a.u.)
3 Raw signal, I() (contaminated mirrors)
3.0
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
1
2
3
5
4
0.0

BA02186C SS1000 TDLAS Analyzer
Endress+Hauser 1–7
Figure 1–3 Typical normalized absorption signal from
a laser diode absorption spectrometer
Wavelength Modulation Spectroscopy (WMS) signal detection
Endress+Hauser takes the fundamental absorption spectroscopy concept a
step further by using a sophisticated signal detection technique called
wavelength modulation spectroscopy (WMS). When employing WMS, the laser
drive current is modulated with a kHz sine wave as the laser is rapidly tuned.
A lock-in amplifier is then used to detect the harmonic component of the signal
that is at twice the modulation frequency (2f). Refer to Figure 1–4 on page 1–8.
This phase-sensitive detection enables the filtering of low-frequency noise
caused by turbulence in the sample gas, temperature and/or pressure
fluctuations, low-frequency noise in the laser beam or thermal noise in the
detector.
1 Signal (a.u.)
2 Normalized absorption signal
3 Wavelength (a.u.)
1.0
0.99
0.98
0.97
0.96
0.95
2
3
1

SS1000 TDLAS Analyzer BA02186C
1–8 Endress+Hauser
Figure 1–4 Typical normalized 2f; species
concentration is proportional to peak height
With the resulting low-noise signal and use of fast post-processing algorithms,
reliable parts per million (ppm) or parts per billion (ppb) detection levels are
possible (depending on target and background species) at real-time response
rates (on the order of 1 second).
Measuring different trace gases in various mixed hydrocarbon background
streams is accomplished by selecting a different optimum diode laser
wavelength between 700-3000 nm, which provides the least amount of
sensitivity to background stream variations.
Getting to Know the Analyzer
The SS1000 analyzer is used to verify H2O measurements and for spot-
checking when other methods provide questionable results. The analyzer is
contained in a single light-weight portable enclosure for ease of handling. An
overview of the analyzer hardware is shown in Figure 1–5 on page 1–9.
On the top of the analyzer are the LCD/keypad, which serves as the user
interface to the analyzer control electronics. The analyzer control electronics
drive the laser, collect the signal, analyze the spectra and provide
measurement output signals.
1 Signal (a.u.)
2 Normalized absorption signal
3 Wavelength (a.u.)
2
3
1

BA02186C SS1000 TDLAS Analyzer
Endress+Hauser 1–9
Housed inside the metal cover enclosure is the measurement cell. The sample
supply and return are connected through the side and top of the analyzer. Refer
to Figure 1-5 below.
Power is provided by an internal battery, which may be recharged using the
included battery charger. Battery life is approximately 12 hours. Refer to Figure
A–4 on page A–5 for the electrical schematic drawing.
Figure 1–5 SS1000 analyzer hardware
Lifting/carrying the analyzer
Lift the analyzer by the handle at the top of the unit. Never lift the analyzer by
the ends as the measurement cell is exposed and handling could impair the cell
alignment. Refer to Figure 1–5.
1 Sample return 4 Sample supply port (10 PSIG maximum)
2 Cover screws 5 Membrane separator filter
3 Liquid drain and bypass valve 6 Sample cell with mirror assembly
7 LCD (Display) and keypad
4
7
1
3
6
2
5

SS1000 TDLAS Analyzer BA02186C
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Endress+Hauser 2–1
2 - SAFETY
Potential Risks Affecting Personnel
This section addresses the appropriate actions to undertake when faced with
hazardous situations during or before service of the analyzer. It is not possible
to list all potential hazards within this document. The user is responsible for
identifying and mitigating any potential hazards present when servicing the
analyzer.
Mitigating risks
Refer to the instructions for each situation listed below to mitigate associated
risks.
Exposure to process gases
1. Shut off the process gas to the analyzer before any service that
would require opening a part of the sample plumbing.
2. Purge the system with nitrogen.
3. Shut off the nitrogen purge before removing cover.
Electrocution hazard
1. Shut off power at the main disconnect external to the analyzer.
2. Remove analyzer cover.
Technicians are expected to follow all safety protocols established
by the customer that are necessary for servicing the analyzer.
This may include, but is not limited to, lockout/tagout procedures,
toxic gas monitoring protocols, personal protective equipment
(PPE) requirements, hot work permits and other precautions that
address safety concerns related to performing service on process
equipment located in hazardous areas.
Follow all safety protocols governing toxic gases and potential
leaks.
Complete this action before performing any service that requires
working near the main input power or disconnecting any wiring or
other electrical components.

SS1000 TDLAS Analyzer BA02186C
2–2 Endress+Hauser
If service must be performed with power engaged (gain adjustment, etc.):
1. Note any live electrical components and avoid any contact with
them.
2. Only use tools with a safety rating for protection against accidental
contact with voltage up to 1000 V (IEC 900, ASTF-F1505-04, VDE
0682/201).
Explosion hazard
Any work in a hazardous area must be carefully controlled to avoid creating any
possible ignition sources (e.g., heat, arcing, sparking, etc.). All tools must be
appropriate for the area and hazards present. Electrical connections must not
be made or broken with power on (to avoid arcing).

Endress+Hauser 3–1
3 - INSTALLATION
Installing the analyzer is relatively easy requiring only a few steps that, when
carefully followed, will ensure proper mounting and connection. Once the
analyzer arrives, you should take a few minutes to examine the contents before
installing the unit.
What Should be Included in the Shipping Box
The contents of the box should include:
•SS1000 analyzer
•Pelican carrying case
•100 to 240 VAC, 50/60 Hz battery charger
•Quick-connect fittings for inlet and outlet tubes
•One external serial cable to connect the analyzer to a computer
•Additional accessories or options as ordered
If any of these contents are missing, refer to “Service” on page B-13.
Inspecting the Analyzer
Unpack and place the unit on a flat surface. Carefully inspect all enclosures for
dents, dings, or general damage. Inspect the inlet and outlet connections for
damage, such as bent tubing. Report any damage to the carrier.
Hardware and Tools for Installation
Depending on the particular model, the configuration of accessories and
options ordered, you may need the following hardware and tools to complete
the installation process.
Hardware
•Heated pressure regulator (if inlet pressure is >10 PSIG or no probe
regulator exists)
•Stainless steel tubing or flexible stainless steel tubing
(Endress+Hauser recommends using 1/4 in. O.D. x 0.035 in. wall
thickness, seamless stainless steel tubing)
Avoid jolting the instrument by dropping it or banging it against a
hard surface. Do not attempt to pick up the instrument using the
sample cell. Either action may disturb the optical alignment.

SS1000 TDLAS Analyzer BA02186C
3–2 Endress+Hauser
Tools
•7/16 in. open-end wrench
•9/16 in. open-end wrench
Setting up the Analyzer
The SS1000 analyzer is manufactured for temporary installation at a sampling
point. Place the analyzer at a location relatively free of vibration and close to
the sampling point. Choose a shaded area or use an optional analyzer hood (or
equivalent) to minimize sun exposure. Refer to the diagrams in Appendix A for
detailed dimensions.
Connecting the Gas Lines
Once the analyzer has been suitably placed, you are ready to connect the
sample supply and sample return lines. All work must be performed by
technicians qualified in pneumatic tubing.
When setting up the analyzer, be sure not to position the
instrument so that it is difficult to operate adjacent devices. Allow
3 feet of room in front of the analyzer and any switches.
It is critical to set up the analyzer so that the inlet and outlet lines
reach the inlet and outlet connections on the chassis while still
maintaining flexibility so that the sample lines are not under
excessive stress.
In order to capture a representative sample of gas, the sample
must be captured from the pipeline using a probe equipped with
a standard or heated field pressure reducing regulator. For more
information, refer to the American Petroleum Institute's “Manual
of Petroleum Measurement Standards,” Chapter 14, Section 1 -
Natural Gas Samples for Custody Transfer.
The sample supply port on the analyzer is equipped with a
membrane separator filter to prevent liquid from entering the
sample cell and accumulating on the internal optics.

BA02186C SS1000 TDLAS Analyzer
Endress+Hauser 3–3
To connect the sample supply line
1. The analyzer comes with a 1/8 in. quick-connect fitting for the
sample supply and a 1/4 in. quick-connect fitting for the sample
return. Attach these fittings to the analyzer.
2. Confirm that the sample probe is correctly installed at the supply tap
and that the sample probe isolation valve is closed.
3. Also, confirm that the field pressure reducing station is installed
properly at the sample probe and that the pressure regulator at the
field pressure reducing station is closed (adjustment knob turned
fully counter-clockwise).
4. Check that the relief valve vent line is properly installed from the
field pressure reducing station to the low pressure flare (or
atmospheric vent connection).
5. Determine appropriate tubing route from the field pressure reducing
station to the analyzer.
6. Run stainless steel tubing from the field pressure reducing station
(set for the specified inlet pressure) to the sample supply port of the
analyzer. Bend tubing using industrial grade benders, check tubing
fit to ensure proper seating between the tubing and fittings. Fully
ream all tubing ends. Blow out the lines for 10–15 seconds with
clean, dry nitrogen or air prior to making the connection.
7. Connect the inlet tube to the analyzer using the 1/8 in. stainless
steel compression-type quick connect fitting provided.
8. Tighten all new compression fittings 1 and 1/4 turns with a wrench
from finger tight. For connections with previously swaged ferrules,
thread the nut to the previously pulled up position, then tighten
slightly with a wrench. Secure tubing to appropriate structural
supports as required.
9. Check all connections for gas leaks. Using a liquid leak detector is
recommended.
The sample at the sample tap may be at a high pressure. Use
extreme caution when operating the sample probe isolation valve
and field pressure reducing regulator.
All valves, regulators, switches, etc. should be operated in
accordance with site lock-out/tag-out procedures.
Do not exceed 10 PSIG (0.7 barg) in sample cell. Damage to cell
may result.

SS1000 TDLAS Analyzer BA02186C
3–4 Endress+Hauser
10. While gas is flowing, briefly open the bypass valve on the membrane
separator filter to clear out any liquids that may have accumulated
during startup.
To connect the sample return
1. Confirm that the low pressure flare or atmospheric vent header shut-
off valve is closed.
2. Determine appropriate tubing route from the analyzer to the low
pressure flare or atmospheric vent header.
3. Run stainless steel tubing from the sample return port to the low
pressure flare or atmospheric vent header connection. Bend tubing
using industrial grade benders, check tubing fit to ensure proper
seating between the tubing and fittings. Fully ream all tubing ends.
Blow out the lines for 10 to 15 seconds with clean, dry nitrogen or
air prior to making the connection.
4. Connect the sample return tube to the analyzer using the 1/4 in.
stainless steel compression-type quick connect fitting provided.
5. Tighten all new fittings 1 and 1/4 turns with a wrench from finger
tight. For connections with previously swaged ferrules, thread the
nut to the previously pulled up position, then tighten slightly with a
wrench. Secure tubing to appropriate structural supports as
required.
6. Check all connections for gas leaks. A liquid leak detector is
recommended.
Conditioning the Tubing
Newly installed systems invariably have some trace contaminants and/or are
intended for measuring trace amounts of gas constituents that tend to cling to
system walls, which can result in erroneous readings if the constituents are not
in equilibrium with the system walls. Therefore, once the analyzer is completely
connected, the entire system (i.e., from the sample source valve to the vent or
return) should be conditioned by flowing sample gas through the system for up
to 12 hours (or until reading stabilizes) after the system is powered up and
before actual readings are taken. Progress of the system conditioning can be
monitored via the gas concentration readings. Once the gas constituents have
reached equilibrium with the system walls, the readings should stabilize.
All valves, regulators, switches, etc. should be operated in
accordance with site lock-out/tag-out procedures.